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Wang X, Tian Y, Lin H, Cao X, Zhang Z. Curcumin induces apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells by decreasing the expression of STAT3/VEGF/HIF-1α signaling. Open Life Sci 2023; 18:20220618. [PMID: 37333486 PMCID: PMC10276545 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] [Imported: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is the most abundant derivative of turmeric rhizome. Although studies have proved that curcumin could inhibit the growth of tumors, its specific molecular mechanism has not yet been fully elucidated. This study aims to systematically elaborate the mechanisms of curcumin against hepatocellular carcinoma. The anti-tumor effect of curcumin was determined by the cell viability test. Flow cytometry was applied to examine the cell cycle and the apoptosis of cancer cells, and the cancer cell migration was detected by wound healing experiments. The expressions of signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in cancer cells were examined by immunostaining and analyzed by the Image J analysis system. After treatment with curcumin, the apoptosis ratio of HepG2 cells increased significantly (P < 0.05). The proliferation of cancer cells was arrested at the S-phase cell cycle, and the migration of cancer cells was inhibited by the increasing concentration of curcumin, together with the decreasing expressions of STAT3, VEGF, and HIF-1α signaling pathways. The results indicate that curcumin could effectively inhibit the growth and migration of hepatocarcinoma cells by inducing cancer cell apoptosis, blocking the cancer cell cycle in the S phase, and reducing the expression of STAT3, VEGF, and HIF-1α signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Wang
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, No. 6 Wenhui East Road, Weicheng District, Xianyang, 712082 Shaanxi, China
- Joint Laboratory for Research on Active Components and Pharmacological Mechanism of Tibetan, Materia Medica of Tibetan Medical Research Center of Tibet, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, 712082 Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, No. 6 Wenhui East Road, Weicheng District, Xianyang, 712082 Shaanxi, China
- Joint Laboratory for Research on Active Components and Pharmacological Mechanism of Tibetan, Materia Medica of Tibetan Medical Research Center of Tibet, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, 712082 Shaanxi, China
| | - Huanping Lin
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, No. 6 Wenhui East Road, Weicheng District, Xianyang, 712082 Shaanxi, China
- Joint Laboratory for Research on Active Components and Pharmacological Mechanism of Tibetan, Materia Medica of Tibetan Medical Research Center of Tibet, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, 712082 Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaolan Cao
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, No. 6 Wenhui East Road, Weicheng District, Xianyang, 712082 Shaanxi, China
- Joint Laboratory for Research on Active Components and Pharmacological Mechanism of Tibetan, Materia Medica of Tibetan Medical Research Center of Tibet, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, 712082 Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhendong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, No. 6 Wenhui East Road, Weicheng District, Xianyang, 712082 Shaanxi, China
- Joint Laboratory for Research on Active Components and Pharmacological Mechanism of Tibetan, Materia Medica of Tibetan Medical Research Center of Tibet, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, 712082 Shaanxi, China
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Kang F, Jiang F, Ouyang L, Wu S, Fu C, Liu Y, Li Z, Tian Y, Cao X, Wang X, He Q. Potential Biological Roles of Exosomal Long Non-Coding RNAs in Gastrointestinal Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:886191. [PMID: 35602607 PMCID: PMC9114804 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.886191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] [Imported: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes, a type of extracellular vesicles (EVs), are secreted by almost all cells and contain many cellular constituents, such as nucleic acids, lipids, and metabolites. In addition, they play a crucial role in intercellular communication and have been proved to be involved in the development and treatment of gastrointestinal cancer. It has been confirmed that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) exert a range of biological functions, such as cell metastasis, tumorigenesis, and therapeutic responses. This review mainly focused on the emerging roles and underlying molecular mechanisms of exosome-derived lncRNAs in gastrointestinal cancer in recent years. The biological roles of exosomal lncRNAs in the pathogenesis and therapeutic responses of gastrointestinal cancers were also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanhua Kang
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Changde Hospital, Changde, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Department of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Lingzi Ouyang
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Changde Hospital, Changde, China
| | - Shangjun Wu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Changde Hospital, Changde, China
| | - Chencheng Fu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Changde Hospital, Changde, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Changde Hospital, Changde, China
| | - Zhilan Li
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Changde Hospital, Changde, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Department of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Xiaolan Cao
- Department of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- Department of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
- *Correspondence: Qingchun He, ; Xiaoping Wang,
| | - Qingchun He
- Department of Emergency, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Emergency, Xiangya Changde Hospital, Changde, China
- *Correspondence: Qingchun He, ; Xiaoping Wang,
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Wang XP, Yuan DY, Tian Y, Li WH. Multiple mechanisms of salidroside on anti-tumor effects. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 25:5349-5354. [PMID: 34533789 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202109_26641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] [Imported: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Salidroside, a kind of natural herb, has the advantages of a wide range of anti-tumor activities with low toxicity and high efficiency. A large number of studies have shown that salidroside can inhibit the proliferation of tumors in different ways and achieve the goal of treating tumors. After summary and analysis of the recent research on anti-tumor mechanisms of salidroside, it can be concluded that salidroside could suppress cancer proliferation by blocking cell cycle, promoting cell differentiation, inducing cell apoptosis or autophagy, and regulating the signal pathways of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- X-P Wang
- Department of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To prevent and control public health emergencies, we set up a prescreening and triage workflow and analyzed the effects on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS In accordance with the requirements of the level 1 emergency response of public health emergencies in Shaanxi Province, China, a triage process for COVID-19 was established to guide patients through a 4-level triage process during their hospital visits. The diagnosis of COVID-19 was based on positive COVID-19 nucleic acid testing according to the unified triage standards of the Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (Trial version 4),4 issued by the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China. RESULTS The screened rate of suspected COVID-19 was 1.63% (4 of 246) in the general fever outpatient clinic and 8.28% (13 of 157) in the COVID-19 outpatient clinic, and they showed a significant difference (P = .00). CONCLUSIONS The triage procedure effectively screened the patients and identified the high-risk population.
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Wang X, Yang YE, Jia L, Chen Q. Gastroenterological Cancer and Immunotherapy. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 2018:4697670. [PMID: 30073155 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4697670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] [Imported: 08/29/2023] Open
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Wang X, Wang Q. Alpha-Fetoprotein and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Immunity. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 2018:9049252. [PMID: 29805966 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9049252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] [Imported: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocarcinoma is one of the most prevalent gastroenterological cancers in the world with less effective therapy. As an oncofetal antigen and diagnostic marker for liver cancer, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) possesses a variety of biological functions. Except for its diagnosis in liver cancer, AFP has become a target for liver cancer immunotherapy. Although the immunogenicity of AFP is weak and it could induce the immune escapes through inhibiting the function of dendritic cells, natural killer cells, and T lymphocytes, AFP has attracted more attention in liver cancer immunotherapy. By in vitro modification, the immunogenicity and immune response of AFP could be enhanced. AFP-modified immune cell vaccine or peptide vaccine has displayed the specific antitumor immunity against AFP-positive tumor cells and laid a better foundation for the immunotherapy of liver cancer.
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Wang XP, Wang QX, Lin HP, Xu B, Zhao Q, Chen K. Recombinant heat shock protein 70 functional peptide and alpha-fetoprotein epitope peptide vaccine elicits specific anti-tumor immunity. Oncotarget. 2016;7:71274-71284. [PMID: 27713135 PMCID: PMC5342077 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] [Imported: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a marker of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and serves as a target for immunotherapy. However, current treatments targeting AFP are not reproducible and do not provide complete protection against cancer. This issue may be solved by developing novel therapeutic vaccines with enhanced immunogenicity that could effectively target AFP-expressing tumors. In this study, we report construction of a therapeutic peptide vaccine by linking heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) functional peptide to the AFP epitope to obtain HSP70-P/AFP-P. This novel peptide was administered into BALB/c mice to observe the effects. Quantification of AFP-specific CD8 + T cells that secrete IFN-γ in these mice via ELISPOT revealed the synergistic effects of HSP70-P/AFP-P with increased numbers of AFP-specific CD8 + T cells. Similarly, ELISA analysis showed increased granzyme B and perforin released by natural killer cells. Moreover, in vitro cytotoxic T-lymphocyte assays and in vivo tumor preventive experiments clearly showed the higher antitumor effects of HSP70-P/AFP-P against AFP-expressing tumors. These results show that treatment of BALB/c mice with HSP70-P/AFP-P induced stronger T-cells responses and improved protective immunity. Our data suggest that HSP70-P/AFP-P may be used as a therapeutic approach in the treatment of AFP-expressing cancers.
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Wang XP, Wang QX, Lin HP, Chang N. Anti-tumor bioactivities of curcumin on mice loaded with gastric carcinoma. Food Funct 2018; 8:3319-3326. [PMID: 28848967 DOI: 10.1039/c7fo00555e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] [Imported: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin, a derivative from the dried rhizome of curcuma longa, has been proven to possess anti-tumor effects. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we aimed to explore the anti-tumor mechanisms of curcumin in treating gastric cancer. BALB/C mice grafted with a mouse gastric adenocarcinoma cell line (MFC) were used as the experimental model. Mice received different doses of curcumin after grafting. Tumor size was measured and tumor weight was determined after tumor inoculation. TUNEL assay and flow cytometric analysis were applied to evaluate the apoptosis of the cancer cells. Serum cytokines IFN-γ, TNF-α, granzyme B and perforin were detected by ELISA assay. The anti-tumor effect was determined using cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) assays and in vivo tumor prevention tests. The expression of DEC1, HIF-1α, STAT3 and VEGF in tumor tissues was examined by immunostaining and analyzed using an Image J analysis system. Compared with controls, tumor growth (size and weight) was significantly inhibited by curcumin treatment (P < 0.05). The apoptotic index in gastric cancer cells was significantly increased in the curcumin treatment group. Splenocyte cells from mice treated with curcumin exhibited higher cytolytic effects on MFC cancer cells than those from mice treated with saline (P < 0.01). The expression of DEC1, HIF-1α, STAT3 and VEGF in tumor tissues was down-regulated after curcumin treatment. Our results indicate that curcumin inhibits the proliferation of gastric carcinoma by inducing the apoptosis of tumor cells, activating immune cells to secrete a large amount of cytokines, and down-regulating the DEC1, HIF-1α, VEGF and STAT3 signal transduction pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ping Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology & Pathology, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, PR China.
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