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Jafari H, Nasrabadi AN, Nayeri ND, Fazeli N, Fomani FK, Varaei S. Impaired health in working children: a critical ethnography. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1891. [PMID: 39010025 PMCID: PMC11251359 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19135-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Child labor is one of the important social issues that deprive children of many fundamental rights, and make them face many problems and consequences, including health problems. Thus, this study was conducted with the aim of examining the health of working children in Tehran. This is an ethnographic study that was conducted using Carspecken's approach and was completed in 2022. The main participants of this study included working children aged 10-18 years living in Tehran. In order to collect information, the researcher was present at the workplace, school, and living places of working children for more than two years, observing their lives and activities. Formal and informal interviews were also conducted with the working children and informed people. In total, hundreds of working children were assessed and observed in this research. A friendly conversation was formed between the researcher and more than 50 children, and official interviews were conducted with six of the working children. Also, more than 10 official interviews were conducted with informed people and parents of working children. In addition to observations and interviews, documents such as medical records and drawings of working children were also examined and interpreted. The information obtained from observations, interviews, and documents was entered into MAXQDA software, and its raw codes were extracted. The high-level codes as well as sub and main categories were formed from the aggregation of low-level codes. Impaired health was formed from three subcategories of tormented body (work and environmental trauma, sexual abuse, malnutrition, fatigue, sleep disorder and inadequate hygiene), disquieted mind (anxious children, depression and isolation, reduced self-esteem and unfocused mind) and disrupted sociability (negative social role modeling, aggression and violence, stubbornness and vindictiveness, harassment and nuisance, reprehensible social behaviors, neglecting others' ownership, disturbed relationships and out-group self-censorship). The results of the present study showed that the health of working children is compromised in various physical, psychological, and social ways. Therefore, some measures should be taken at the national and international levels to improve their health, such as revising the existing laws regarding children and informing children of their rights.
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Goudarzian AH, Nikbakht Nasrabadi A, Sharif-Nia H, Farhadi B, Navab E. Exploring the concept and management strategies of caring stress among clinical nurses: a scoping review. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1337938. [PMID: 38863606 PMCID: PMC11165118 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1337938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The concept of caring stress and its specific management has received less attention than other dimensions of stress in nurses. Therefore, to clarify the concept of caring stress, a scoping review study was designed. This scoping review aimed to investigate the concept of caring stress among clinical nurses and examine the strategies used for its management. Methods This review employed a scoping review methodology to comprehensively map the essential concepts and attributes of the phenomenon by drawing on a wide range of sources. International databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Scientific Information Database (SID) were searched to gather relevant studies published until October 1, 2023. MESH terms included "caring stress", "care", "stress", "nurse", and "stress management" were used. Two reviewers independently collected data from full-text papers, ensuring that each paper underwent assessment by at least two reviewers. Results Out of 104,094 articles initially searched, 22 articles were included in this study. High workloads, transmitting the infection, stressful thoughts, stressful emotions, and stressful communications were the significant concepts and factors of caring stress among nurses. Also, rest breaks during patient care shifts, playing music in the ward, and denial of critical situations were examples of positive and negative coping and management ways to reduce caring stress. Conclusion Effective stress management strategies can lead to better patient care and safety. Stressed nurses are more likely to make errors or become less vigilant in their duties, impacting patient outcomes. By addressing caring stress, clinical practice can prioritize patient well-being. Further research is required to delve deeper into this critical issue concerning nurses in the future.
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Karami F, Nikbakht Nasrabadi A, Torabizadeh C, Mazaheri M, Sayadi L. The challenges of voluntary care provision for hospitalized patients with COVID-19: A qualitative study of the public volunteers' experiences. Health Expect 2024; 27:e13998. [PMID: 38403902 PMCID: PMC10895072 DOI: 10.1111/hex.13998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a remarkable increase in public volunteering for the care of hospitalized patients. They faced challenges during their voluntary care provision. This study aimed at exploring public volunteers' experiences of the challenges of the voluntary care provision to hospitalized patients with COVID-19. METHODS A descriptive qualitative study with an inductive content analysis method was conducted, 2022-2023. Eighteen public volunteers providing care to hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were purposefully selected among 10 hospitals, specialized in COVID-19 care in Tehran and Shiraz, Iran. Data were collected over 7 months through in-depth semistructured interviews and concurrently analyzed using conventional content analysis methods. FINDINGS The challenges of voluntary care provision to hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were illustrated in five main categories, each with two subcategories. The categories included structural challenges, interpersonal conflicts, financial constraints, covert participation and the deteriorating condition of care provision. The subcategories comprised lack of volunteer recruitment bases, ineffective organization of voluntary activities, pervasive distrust, heightened risk of clinical errors, conflicts between volunteer commitments and primary occupation, lack of financial support, lack of family support, isolation by friends, mental trauma and physical exhaustion. CONCLUSION Public volunteers encounter diverse challenges while providing care to hospitalized patients with COVID-19, which negatively impacts their motivation to serve. By addressing these challenges, we can create a more supportive environment for volunteers and enhance the quality of care provided to patients during public health emergencies. Identifying such challenges can assist healthcare managers and policymakers develop effective strategies to mitigate mounting difficulties and enhance volunteer services, thereby improving the overall quality of care provided to patients during public health crises. PATIENT CONTRIBUTIONS Participants were identified and recruited after the study objectives were explained in person to the managers. The participants were approached and interviewed by one author. Participation was voluntary and the participants did not receive any financial compensation for their time.
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Dehkordi LM, Kianian T, Nasrabadi AN. Nursing students' experience of moral distress in clinical settings: A phenomenological study. Nurs Open 2024; 11:e2141. [PMID: 38488428 PMCID: PMC10941579 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.2141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore nursing students' moral distress (MD) experiences in clinical settings. DESIGN An interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) design was employed. METHODS Purposive sampling was used. In-depth semi-structured face-to-face interviews were conducted from December 2020 to June 2021 with nursing students who were taking the internship course in clinical settings. Data analysis was conducted following Dickman et al.'s (1989) method. RESULTS Ten nursing students participated in this study. Three main themes were identified, including (1) negative learning environments, (2) internal disgust and (3) threats to professional identity. CONCLUSION Findings showed that value conflict, lack of knowledge of ethical standards and its application, and unprofessional approaches result in negative environmental learning perceptions from the nursing students. Therefore, due to being unable to change the situation, they start to feel guilt and shame and, as a result, decide to escape the problem instead of managing it. These feelings lead to internal disgust. This issue indicates the importance of improving the knowledge and perception of these situations. Thus, nursing students must be prepared for the real world, where their ideals are constantly challenged. MDs were experienced as threats to dignity, inequality, distrust, and change of mentality towards nursing, characterised as threats to professional identity. It is suggested to inquire about the process of nursing students' resiliency in morally disturbing situations to deduce the suitable approach for clinical education.
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Najafi F, Mardanian Dehkordi L, Khodayari S, Jaafarpour M, Nasrabadi AN. Nurses' bereavement experiences of a deceased colleague due to COVID-19: A phenomenological study. Nurs Open 2023; 10:7233-7243. [PMID: 37608498 PMCID: PMC10563403 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Healthcare workers have little time to mourn due to the intensification of the COVID-19 pandemic. Although grief is a normal part of life and death, the circumstances surrounding the death can affect the grieving process. So far, the nurses' experience in mourn for a deceased colleague in the COVID-19 pandemic has not been determined. Identifying these experiences can provide opportunities to formulate appropriate strategies to functionally adapt to death and promote mental health and well-being during this crisis. This study aimed to understand the nurses' experiences in mourning for a deceased colleague due to COVID-19. DESIGN This was an interpretive phenomenological study. METHOD Participants included 10 nurses with the bereavement experience following the death of a colleague due to COVID-19, who were selected through purposive sampling, and the data were collected through in-depth and semi-structured interviews and analysed using Diekelmann et al.'s (1989) approach. RESULTS The nurses' bereavement experiences were in the form of eight themes: disbelief and amazement, acceptance with grief, lasting sadness, unsung laments, bringing back memories, impulse to leave the service, a professional myth and holy death. For nurses, mourning for the death of a colleague due to COVID-19 is like a lasting sadness that begins with disbelief and amazement and changes to acceptance with sadness. From the fellow nurses' point of view, this type of death was perceived as a holy death, which along with countless unsung laments and memories brought to us the association of a professional legend, and that such a fate would be inevitable for us as well, it was a push to leave the service. PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION Crisis managers and policymakers need to add protocols and training programs for resilience skills and healthy mourning.
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Shahmari M, Nikbakht Nasrabadi A, Rezaie E, Dashti S, Nasiri E, Zare L. Lived experiences of young adults facing a recent diagnosis of cancer: A phenomenological study. Health Expect 2023; 26:1874-1882. [PMID: 37332133 PMCID: PMC10485348 DOI: 10.1111/hex.13793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Young adulthood is a period of prosperity and freshness characterized by developmental achievement, which can be inhibited by various diseases such as cancer. Typically considered a terminal disease, if diagnosed in young adulthood, cancer may trigger a tremendous psychosomatic shock. The nature of facing a recent cancer diagnosis affects the whole coping process. Addressing young adults' experiences at the confirmation point of cancer diagnosis will facilitate supporting them through the early recognition of probable problems in the future. Therefore, the present study aimed to analyse the lived experiences of young adults facing a recent cancer diagnosis. METHODS This qualitative study adopted an interpretive phenomenology design. In this study, 12 patients (with an age range of 20-40) were selected using the purposive sampling method. Data collection was done through in-depth, semistructured interviews. The data were analysed following the method proposed by Diekelmann et al. FINDINGS: Three main themes and nine subthemes were extracted from the data: (1) spiritual detachment and then acceptance through spirituality in the form of denial and then forced acceptance, sense of guilt and spiritual help-seeking, and anger towards God and then humbleness, (2) the shock of facing an extraordinary life shaped by disturbed role-play and unusual lifestyle, (3) anticipatory anxiety concerning the sense of rejection, negative perspective towards future, inability to afford the costs and worries about the future of the family members. CONCLUSION This was the first study providing significant insights into the experiences of young adults facing a recent cancer diagnosis. The diagnosis of cancer can shadow all aspects of young adults' lives. The findings of the present study empower healthcare professionals to provide newly diagnosed young adults with appropriate health services. PATIENT CONTRIBUTIONS To identify and recruit the participants, we explained the objectives of the present study to the unit managers either by phone or in person. The participants were approached and interviewed by three authors. Participation was voluntary and the participants received no financial contribution for their time.
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Hosseini A, Ghasemi E, Nasrabadi AN, Sayadi L. Strategies to improve hidden curriculum in nursing and medical education: a scoping review. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2023; 23:658. [PMID: 37691094 PMCID: PMC10494411 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-023-04652-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The importance of hidden curriculum cannot be neglected in education. Despite much research in the field, there have been limited studies on HC improvement in nursing and medical education. This scoping review aimed to determine the scope of strategies to improve HC in nursing and medical education. METHOD PubMed, EBSCO/Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, Proquest and Persian-language databases of Magiran and SID were searched in January 2023 without a time filter. According to the PRISMA flow diagram, two independent reviewers selected the records that fit the inclusion and exclusion criteria via title and abstract screening. Next, the reviewers studied the full texts of the related articles. The data extracted from the selected articles were tabulated and ultimately synthesized. FINDINGS Out of the eight examined studies, published from 2017 to 2022, only one was in the field of nursing and seven were in medicine. The central strategies were implementing new curricula to replace the previous ones, utilizing team-based clinical clerkship, proposing a HC improvement model, implementation a case-based faculty development workshop, implementation longitudinal and comprehensive educational courses, and incorporating an educational activity into a small group program. CONCLUSION Students and faculty members familiarization on the topic of HC, implementing new curricula, utilizing team-based clerkship, and using comprehensive models were among the HC improvement strategies. Focusing on upgrading the learning environment, particularly the clinical settings, can also be helpful in HC improvement.
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Jafari H, Varaei S, Brand S, Dehghan Nayeri N, Fazeli N, Khoshnavay Fomani F, Nasrabadi AN. Living with Mental Distress, Social Anger, and In-Group Commitment among Working Children: A Qualitative Study. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY RESEARCH 2023; 28:528-535. [PMID: 37869703 PMCID: PMC10588915 DOI: 10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_209_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Background Working as a child can have various effects on all aspects of children's health. Investigating and identifying issues related to the health of working children can be useful in promoting their health. Therefore, in this qualitative study, we examined issues related to the mental health and behavior of working children. Materials and Methods This qualitative study was conducted in Tehran, Iran, in 2021 with the contractual content analysis approach. The main participants (N = 32) in this study were working children aged 10 to 18 years. To collect data, in-depth and semi-structured interviews were conducted with working children, their parents, and the center officials. In addition to the interview, some field notes were also taken from interactions between working children. After each interview, they were transcribed and coded. After 27 interviews, the data were saturated, no new code was extracted, and further interviews were conducted to ensure data saturation. Data analysis was performed based on the proposed method of Lundman and Graneheim. Results The results revealed the three main categories of mental distress (fear and anxiety, depression, loneliness and isolation, decreased self-confidence, and decentralized mind), social anger (negative social role modeling, harassment and harm of others, reprehensible and antisocial behavior, disregard for the property of others, disrupted relationships, and violence), and in-group commitment (self-censorship outside the group, individual independence and group cohesion, and caring for the group). Conclusions Most working children suffer from various forms of mental and behavioral issues, which, if not taken care of, can have irreparable consequences.
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Heidari‐Soureshjani R, Nasrabadi AN, Zakerimoghadam M, Mohammadi T, Rasti A. Self-management interventions for people with multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1536. [PMID: 37670845 PMCID: PMC10476465 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Educational self-management interventions (SMI) have an important role in improving symptom management, preventing relapse of multiple sclerosis (MS) and promoting quality of life (QoL) of these patients; since there is little knowledge about overall effectiveness of MS self-management programs and which types of SMI improves the outcomes, this research aims to assess the efficacy of structured SMI in improving health outcomes in people with MS (PwMS) by synthesizing and compare outcomes from related randomized controlled trials. Methods In the present systematic review protocol, the keywords related to self-management and MS will be searched in electronic databases including (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials [CENTRAL]), gray literature resources and key journals from 2000 to July 2023. Research-related articles will be collected and after removing duplicate articles, will be included in the study. In the screening step, titles and abstracts of articles will be reviewed and after deleting irrelevant articles, the full text of related articles will be evaluated independently by two researchers and data will be extracted from final articles and the findings will be categorized in an extraction table. Risk of bias will be assessed by using the Cochrane collaboration's tool. If possible, the data will be analyzed using random effect models and the statistical analysis will be performed using STATA software (version 14.2) developed by StataCorp. Discussion Comparative effectiveness of SMI is currently unknown. We will analyze outcome measures used to assess effectiveness of self-management education in improving QoL, depression, self-efficacy, pain, and fatigue. These findings will help identify the most promising components of SMIs, guiding targeted interventions for specific subpopulations, and facilitating the design of better interventions.
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Yaghoobzadeh A, Asgari P, Nasrabadi AN, Mirlashari J, Navab E. Explaining the process of formation of ageism among the iranian older adults. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:123. [PMID: 37072875 PMCID: PMC10111329 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01153-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ageism is considered as one of the consequences of the industrialization of societies, which appears in various forms in different cultures. This study aimed to explain the process of formation of ageism among the older adults people. METHODS The research was conducted using grounded theory method. Data were collected from 28 participants using in-depth semi-structured interviews and field notes. Data were analyzed using open, axial, and selective coding. RESULTS Fear of loneliness and rejection striving to tackle ageism "was identified as the core category of the study. Concepts such as "family context" and "cultural context" were relevant. After identifying the strategies used by the older adults in response to the context ("maintaining integrity", "socio-cultural care" and "proper health care", "striving to tackle ageism") was the most important process in ageism by the Iranian older adults. CONCLUSION Findings of this study indicated that individual, family and social factors play an important role in the process of ageism among the older adults. These factors sometimes exacerbate or moderate the process of ageism. By recognizing these factors, various social institutions and organizations (including the health care system and the national media (radio and television)) can help the older adults achieve successful aging by emphasizing the issues related to the social aspect.
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Fadaei Z, Mirlashari J, Nikbakht Nasrabadi A, Ghorbani F. Silent Mourning: Infant Death and Caring for Iranian Parents Under the Influence of Religious and Socio-cultural Factors. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2023; 62:859-878. [PMID: 36282348 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-022-01684-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Despite all the advances in healthcare technology and all the care services in the field of neonates, many infants die in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). This qualitative study investigated socio-cultural factors influencing the care for bereaved parents in three main NICUs of northwest Iran between March 2018 and April 2019. The purposeful sampling method with the maximum variation was used, and data collection was continued until obtaining rich data to answer the research question. Twenty-eight interviews were conducted with 26 healthcare providers. The thematic analysis method was applied to analyze the data, and two main themes, including "Religious context as a restriction on the parental involvement in the infant's end-of-life care" and the "Socio-cultural challenges of the grieving process among parents", were generated accordingly. The religious and socio-cultural contexts in the NICUs of Iran are a restriction to the presence of parents at their infants' end-of-life phase, and health care providers are less inclined to have parents in the NICU at the time of infant death.
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Ghorbani A, Mohammadi N, Rooddehghan Z, Bakhshi F, Nasrabadi AN. Transformational leadership in development of transformative education in nursing: a qualitative study. BMC Nurs 2023; 22:17. [PMID: 36639639 PMCID: PMC9837966 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-022-01154-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regarding the dynamic and increasing needs of communities, changes in the education system are essential to train competent healthcare professionals. The study aimed to explore the experience of educational directors, teachers, and students to gain insight into the implementation of educational transformative programs. METHOD A qualitative approach with the grounded theory method was applied in this study. Twenty-four participants were selected by using a purposive and theoretical sampling method. The data were collected from April 2019 to May 2020 in nursing schools of Tehran, through in-depth semi-structured individual face-to-face interviews and field notes. Collected data were analyzed by Corbin and Strauss's (2015) approach. RESULTS In this study, transformational leadership was extracted as the core concept. The core concept emerged from four sub-concepts including transformative management; educational policy requirements; providing a platform and community-centered education. CONCLUSIONS Nurse educational directors need to achieve some competencies and capabilities for implementing transformative education in nursing schools. Also, achieving a transformative perspective by educational directors is essential.
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Nikbakht Nasrabadi A, Abbasi S, Mardani A, Maleki M, Vlaisavljevic Z. Experiences of intensive care unit nurses working with COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative studies. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1034624. [PMID: 36466502 PMCID: PMC9710282 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1034624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Intensive Care Unit (ICU) nurses are at the forefront of fighting and treating the Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and are often directly exposed to this virus and at risk of disease, due to their direct care for infected patients. This study aims to synthesize the experiences of ICU nurses working with COVID-19 patients. Methods A systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative studies were undertaken. A systematic literature search in four databases, including Web of Sciences, Scopus, Embase, and PubMed (including Medline), was performed. Original qualitative studies and the qualitative section of mixed method studies, written in English, which focused on the experiences of only ICU nurses working with COVID-19 patients, were included. Results Seventeen qualitative studies and two mixed-method studies were included in the review. As a result of the inductive content analysis, six main categories were identified, as follows: "distance from holistic nursing," "psychosocial experiences," "efforts for self-protection and wellbeing," "organizational inefficiency," "job burnout," and "emerging new experiences in the workplace." Conclusions The findings from this study suggest that healthcare authorities and policymakers can facilitate the provision of high-quality patient care during the COVID-19 pandemic through appropriate planning to provide adequate support and training, prevent shortages of nursing staff and equipment, and provide adequate attention to the psychological needs and job satisfaction of ICU nurses. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=256070, identifier: CRD42021256070.
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Mirlashari J, Nikbakht Nasrabadi A, Holsti L, Ghorbani F, Hosseini MB, Fadaei Z. Caring for the Bereaved Parents in the NICU: Fathers-The Missing Piece of the Puzzle. J Perinat Neonatal Nurs 2022; 36:E31-E39. [PMID: 36288448 DOI: 10.1097/jpn.0000000000000641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Grief after infant death is a common experience of bereaved parents often seen in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The NICU staff tend to focus more on the mother's support, and fathers are often not treated equally as mothers. This study aimed to investigate the circumstance of caring for parents facing infant death in NICUs. METHODS Twenty-eight face-to-face in-depth interviews were conducted between March 2018 and April 2019 in the northwest of Iran. Participants were selected via purposive sampling. An inductive thematic approach was used for data analysis. RESULTS Three main themes and 7 subthemes were extracted. The main themes were: "the father-the missing piece of the puzzle in the mourning process," "restricted presence of fathers due to religious and traditional beliefs," and "the father-the patience stone." CONCLUSION Due to cultural-religious backgrounds, traditional beliefs, structural problems, and organizational restrictions, fathers in NICUs do not receive adequate support, particularly when faced with their infant's death. Bereaved fathers need to receive more support and attention from healthcare providers. Therefore, there is a need for changing the care providers' attitudes regarding the role of fathers and the quality of support that fathers should receive in the Muslim populations.
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Ghorbani A, Mohammadi N, Rooddehghan Z, Bakhshi F, Nasrabadi AN. Effective factors and challenges of forming transformational education in the nursing education system: a qualitative study. Int J Nurs Educ Scholarsh 2022; 19:ijnes-2021-0113. [PMID: 35266653 DOI: 10.1515/ijnes-2021-0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In the nursing education system, evolution is required to train qualified and professionally competent nurses who can face workplace challenges and evolving needs of societies. This study aimed to explore effective factors and challenges of the formation of transformational education in the nursing education system. METHODS This was a qualitative study with a grounded theory approach. Twenty-four individuals participated through purposive and theoretical sampling. The authors collected data using semi-structured interviews and analyzed them by Corbin, J., & Strauss, A. (2015). Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory (4th ed.). Los Angeles: Sage Publication grounded-theory method. RESULTS Findings showed the process of formation of transformational education which encompasses four concepts including, "transformational leadership", "effective learning", "necessity of foresight in education", and "inhibitors of educational transformation". Transformational education is a complex and multidimensional education. CONCLUSIONS Implementation of this education requires preparing transformational leaders, planning to empower faculty members and students, and preparing for the challenges facing the education system.
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Nikbakht Nasrabadi A, Pahlevan Sharif S, Allen KA, Naghavi N, Sharif Nia H, Salisu WJ, Yaghoobzadeh A. The role of socioeconomic status in the relationship between social support and burden among cancer caregivers. Eur J Cancer Prev 2022; 31:198-203. [PMID: 33899748 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
While much research has focused on the direct impact of socioeconomic status on cancer patients, what is not clear is the impact of socioeconomic status on social support and the burden of care for caregivers. In this study, a cross-sectional method, using a convenience sampling approach, was adopted to collect the data of 191 caregivers of cancer patients who were referred to the oncology clinic and cancer institute of hospitals affiliated with Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran. The participants completed a questionnaire on basic demographics, the short version of the Burden Scale for Family Caregivers, and Zimet Multidimensional Perceived Social Support. A maximum likelihood exploratory factor analysis with oblique rotation to assess the factor structure of the constructs and the measurement model was conducted. The two-factor model consisting of 22 items explained 65.116% of the variance. There was a significant negative relationship between social support and burden (b = -0.771, P < 0.001) and also between economic status and burden (b = -0.308, P < 0.01). Moreover, there was a significant positive association between the interaction of social support and economic status and burden (b = 0.138, P < 0.05). More specifically, the negative relationship between social support and burden was statistically stronger for participants with weak economic status (b = -0.663, P < 0.001) than those with good economic status (b = -0.356, P < 0.01). Social support and an individual's economic status are essential determinants of caregiver burden. Further studies are recommended to better inform the precise support needed by caregivers to enhance their quality of life, and ultimately, that of the patients under their care.
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Esmat Hosseini S, Ilkhani M, Rohani C, Nikbakht Nasrabadi A, Ghanei Gheshlagh R, Moini A. Prevalence of sexual dysfunction in women with cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Reprod Biomed 2022; 20:1-12. [PMID: 35308323 PMCID: PMC8902793 DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v20i1.10403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cancer is one of the most common diseases and it has many physical and psychological consequences. Women with cancer are more likely to suffer from sexual dysfunction (SD) than healthy women.
Objective: To estimate the overall prevalence of SD in women with cancer.
Materials and Methods: The international databases Google Scholar, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched for related articles without any time limitation. The keywords “Neoplasia”, “Tumor”, “Cancer”, “Malignancy”, “Female Sexual Function Index”, “FSFI”, and “female sexual dysfunction” along with their combinations were used in the search. Inconsistencies in the data were examined using the I2 test. The data were analyzed using the meta-analysis method and the randomeffects model in the Stata software.
Results: The analysis of 24 articles with a sample size of 5483 women showed that the prevalence of SD in women with cancer was 66% (95% CI: 59-74%). The highest and lowest prevalence were in Africa and Europe, respectively (75%; 95% CI: 66-83% vs. 43%; 95% CI: 26-60%, respectively). There was no relationship between the prevalence of SD and the mean age of the women, sample size, yr of publication, or quality of articles.
Conclusion: SD is highly prevalent in women with cancer. African and American women with cancer have a higher average SD prevalence than Asian and European ones.
Key words: Sexual dysfunction, Prevalence, Meta-analysis, Women, Sex.
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Nikbakht Nasrabadi A, Mardanian Dehkordi L. Diabetes Experiences of Transition from Childhood to Adulthood Care. Florence Nightingale Hemsire Derg 2022; 30:3-8. [PMID: 35635341 PMCID: PMC8958232 DOI: 10.5152/fnjn.2022.20197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Nikbakht Nasrabadi A, Mardanian Dehkordi L, Taleghani F. Nurses’ Experiences of Transitional Care in Multiple Chronic Conditions. HOME HEALTH CARE MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/10848223211002166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Transitional care is a designed plan to ensure the continuity of care received by patients as they transfer between different locations or levels of care. The aim of this paper is to explore nurses’ experiences of transitional care in multiple chronic conditions. A qualitative method with a conventional content analysis approach was utilized. The study was conducted at university hospitals in 2 big cities (Isfahan and Tehran) of Iran. This study is performed from November 2018 to December 2019 using deep, semi-structured, and face-to-face interviews which are focused on nurses’ experiences of transitional care. Data collection continued until saturation was reached. Finally, 15 nurses take part in this study. Data collection and data analysis were conducted concurrently. Data were analyzed using Graneheim and Lundman’s techniques. Two main themes providing a descriptive summary of the major elements of transitional care identified: “threat to patient safety” and “Care breakdown”. Findings showed an exclusive image of unsafe transitional care which was done unplanned without appropriate delegating care to family and threat patient safety. There is still a gap in the transition from hospital to home. Nursing managers can address this issue by creating a culture of teamwork, training competent nurses by continuum education, and more supervision of nursing care. Policymakers can ensure continuity of care by developing policies and programs about transitional care.
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Bakhshi F, Mitchell R, Nikbakht Nasrabadi A, Javadi M, Varaei S. Clinician attitude towards safety in medication management: a participatory action research study in an emergency department. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e047089. [PMID: 34548346 PMCID: PMC8458336 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Edication management is a process in which medications are selected, procured, delivered, prescribed, reviewed, administered and monitored to assure high-quality patient care and safety. This paper explores clinicians' attitudes towards medication management which is both open to influence and strongly linked to successful changes in mediation behaviour. We aimed to investigate effects of engaging in participatory action research to improve emergency medicine clinicians' attitudes to safety in medication management. SETTING Emergency department of one university affiliated hospital. PARTICIPANTS A total of 85 clinicians including nurses and physicians partook as participants. Eight managers and clinicians participated as representatives. DESIGN Data are drawn from two-cycle participatory action research. Initially, a situation analysis on the current medication management and clinician views regarding medication management was conducted using three focus groups. Evaluation and reflection data were obtained through qualitative interviews. All qualitative data were analysed using content analysis. RESULTS Clinicians initially expressed negative attitudes towards existing and new plans for medication management, in that they were critical of current medication-related policy and procedures, as well as wary of the potential relevance and utility of potential changes to medication management. Through the action research, improvement actions were implemented including interprofessional courses, pharmacist-led interventions and the development of new guidelines regarding medication management. Participants and their representatives were engaged in all participatory action research stages with different levels of involvement. Extracted results from evaluation and reflection stages revealed that by engaging in the action research and practice new interventions, clinicians' attitude towards medication management was improved. CONCLUSIONS The results support the impact of participatory action research on enhancing clinicians' positive attitudes through their involvement in planning and implementing safety enhancing aspects of medication management.
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Nikbakht Nasrabadi A, Wibisono AH, Allen KA, Yaghoobzadeh A, Bit-Lian Y. Exploring the experiences of nurses' moral distress in long-term care of older adults: a phenomenological study. BMC Nurs 2021; 20:156. [PMID: 34465316 PMCID: PMC8406037 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-021-00675-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Moral distress is a poorly defined and frequently misunderstood phenomenon, and little is known about its triggering factors during ICU end-of-life decisions for nurses in Iran. This study aimed to explore the experiences of nurses’ moral distress in the long-term care of older adults via a phenomenological study. Methods A qualitative, phenomenological study was conducted with 9 participants using in-depth semi-structured interviews. The purpose was to gain insight into the lived experiences and perceptions of moral distress among ICU nurses in hospitals affiliated with Tehran University of Medical Sciences during their long-term care of older adults. Results Five major themes are identified from the interviews: advocating, defense mechanisms, burden of care, relationships, and organizational issues. In addition, several subthemes emerged including respectful end of life care, symptom management, coping, spirituality, futile care, emotional work, powerlessness, relationships between patients and families, relationships with healthcare teams, relationships with institutions, inadequate staffing, inadequate training, preparedness, education/mentoring, workload, and support. Conclusions This qualitative study contributes to the limited knowledge and understanding of the challenges nurses face in the ICU. It also offers possible implications for implementing supportive interventions.
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Ghorbani A, Shali M, Matourypour P, Salehi Morkani E, Salehpoor Emran M, Nikbakht Nasrabadi A. Explaining nurses' experience of stresses and coping mechanisms in coronavirus pandemic. Nurs Forum 2021; 57:18-25. [PMID: 34453318 DOI: 10.1111/nuf.12644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nurses face several stresses during a pandemic. Therefore, it seems necessary to use appropriate adaptation and coping methods to reduce the destructive effects of physical and psychological stresses. This study aimed to explain nurses' experience of stresses and coping methods used for care of patients with Covid-19. METHOD A qualitative approach with descriptive phenomenological method was applied in this study. Sixteen nurses working in hospitals were selected by purposeful sampling. Through in-depth, individual and semi-structured interviews, the nurses shared their experiences in caring for Covid patients. The transcripts of recorded interviews were typed verbatim and then analyzed based on Colaizzi's method. RESULTS Four main categories and 12 subcategories, which were named conceptually based on their nature were shaped. The main categories included; self-support in the midst of crisis, sheltered by family from distance, hospital influence in the environment, and social support on both sides of infinity. CONCLUSION Although healthcare workers have accepted the exposure to Covid-19 as part of their profession, provision of quality care in crisis situations is not possible without supporting the healthcare workers and paying attention to their mental health. It is recommended to take a precise approach to predict, recognize and manage psychological harms of healthcare workers.
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Rafii F, Nasrabadi AN, Tehrani FJ. How Nurses Apply Patterns of Knowing in Clinical Practice: A Grounded Theory Study. Ethiop J Health Sci 2021; 31:139-146. [PMID: 34158761 PMCID: PMC8188100 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v31i1.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nurses require a great deal of knowledge to provide a comprehensive and effective nursing care. A number of patterns have been put into place to help nurses acquire this knowledge. The aim of this study was to describe the core variable in the process of using patterns of knowing by nurses in clinical practice. Methods The study was conducted in qualitative and grounded theory approach, between April 2018 and January 2020. Semi-structured interviews were used for data collection. All the interviews were transcribed verbatim. Nineteen clinical nurses were interviewed, and eight observation sessions were conducted in different hospital departments. Participants were first selected through purposeful and then theoretical sampling. Data were analyzed and interpreted using constant comparison analysis approach. Results The findings of the study indicated that nurses apply the patterns of knowing in three ways in their clinical practice: “cohesion of patterns of knowing”, “domination of some patterns of knowing” and “elimination of some patterns of knowing”. The core variable of this process is cohesion of patterns of knowing in the domain of flexibility. Conclusion The findings of the present study indicate that application of patterns of knowing is practiced in a range of nurse flexibility in clinical settings.
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Nasrabadi AN, Mohammadi N, Rooddehghan Z, Shabani EA, Bakhshi F, Ghorbani A. The stakeholders' perceptions of the requirements of implementing innovative educational approaches in nursing: a qualitative content analysis study. BMC Nurs 2021; 20:131. [PMID: 34284757 PMCID: PMC8290587 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-021-00647-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improving the competencies of nurses requires improving educational methods through the use of novel methods in teaching and learning. We aim to explore the perceptions of stakeholders (including nursing education directors, faculty members and nursing students) of the requirements of implementing innovative educational approaches in nursing. METHODS In this qualitative descriptive study, 19 participants, including educational directors, faculty members, and undergraduate and graduate nursing students, were selected through the purposeful sampling method. Achieving the theoretical saturation in extracted categories was considered as a criterion for determining the sample size and the completion of sampling. The data were collected from December 2019 to May 2020 in nursing schools of Tehran, Iran, through in-depth semi-structured individual face-to-face interviews and were then analyzed based on the Graneheim and Lundman method. RESULTS Using qualitative content analysis, eight sub-themes and three themes were extracted. The extracted themes were 'novel educational policymaking', 'Innovative education-oriented platform', and 'managing barriers of innovative educational approaches'. CONCLUSIONS Developing and implementing innovative educational approaches entail providing appropriate context, structure, and required facilities by the policymaking system and educational authorities. In addition, developing capacity and related competencies of faculty members and students as the major stakeholders in employing these approaches is crucial.
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Rafii F, Nikbakht Nasrabadi A, Javaheri Tehrani F. Factors Involved in Praxis in Nursing Practice: A Qualitative Study. J Caring Sci 2021; 11:83-93. [PMID: 35919278 PMCID: PMC9339127 DOI: 10.34172/jcs.2021.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Praxis is a process of applying knowledge in nursing practice to advance emancipatory goals in society and in the world and to eliminate any injustice and discrimination in care. Praxis requires the coherent application of patterns of knowing in nursing practice; however, understanding nursing knowledge is complex and using experiential knowledge alone cannot help us achieve it. The aim of this study was to determine the factors involved in praxis in nursing practice. Methods: The method adopted was qualitative. The researcher interviewed 19 nurses and attended eight observation sessions in different hospital departments. The findings were analyzed using conventional content analysis. Results: Findings from analyzing interviews and observations indicated that desirable and humanistic attributes and effective nurse-patient communication are facilitators of praxis. In contrast, prejudice, occupational barriers, negative thoughts, and discriminatory beliefs are barriers of praxis in nursing practice. Conclusion: If we consider praxis as the simultaneous application of all patterns of knowing alongside efforts to create social justice, factors that drive nurse performance toward social justice, facilitate praxis, and factors that contribute to varied degrees of discrimination and injustice, inhibit praxis. By identifying these factors, nurses may identify and eliminate social justice barriers to care.
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