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Ledford SG, Moss JL, Alles S, Wang M, Kessler FC, Marks B, Soliman AS, Joshi MD, Lengerich EJ. Behaviors and Advocacy Related to COVID-19 among Cancer Patients: The Health Belief Model and Opportunities for Messaging and Education. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2023; 38:1690-1696. [PMID: 37336800 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-023-02323-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Cancer patients have an increased risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes and were recommended to be vaccinated, wear a mask, practice social distancing, and increase hand hygiene. We used the Health Belief Model (HBM) to identify constructs that were associated with the likelihood of adhering to and advocating for CDC COVID-19 prevention recommendations. We surveyed adult cancer patients who had an onsite appointment at the Penn State Cancer Institute or at the Hematology and Oncology Associates of Northeastern Pennsylvania. Survey measures included adherence to and informing others of COVID-19 recommendations as well as HBM constructs. Relationships between HBM constructs and outcomes were assessed with Spearman's correlation and multivariable ordinal logistic regression. Of the 106 participants who completed the survey for our objectives of interest, 76% always wore a mask, 29% always practiced social distancing, and 24% washed their hands at least 10 times a day. Limited advocacy behaviors were captured for the COVID-19 vaccine (30%), social distancing (36%), and wearing masks (27%). Perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and cues-to-action were positively associated with the likelihood of adherence or advocacy of COVID-19 recommendations among cancer patients, whereas perceived susceptibility and self-efficacy were negatively associated with the likelihood of adherence or advocacy of COVID-19 recommendations among cancer patients. Perceived benefits may be the strongest predictor for adherence and advocacy for specific COVID-19 guidelines. Future messaging and educational campaigns focused on improving adherence to or advocacy of specific health behaviors should be informed by the HBM and originate from multiple outlets.
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Hobbs J, Marks B, Young J. 238 The Use of MRCP in the Assessment of Choledocholithiasis in Patients Presenting with Symptomatic Gallstone Disease. Br J Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac039.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) is the investigation of choice for choledocholithiasis; however, use is varied and guidelines vague. The National Institute for Health and Care (NICE) recommend MRCP when common bile duct (CBD) dilatation ≥ 8mm or liver function tests (LFTs) are abnormal but do not quantify this further. The Sunflower Study classifies patients as “high-risk” for choledocholithiasis if alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ≥ 80 IU/L, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) ≥ 200 IU/L or CBD ≥ 8mm. We aimed to assess compliance with NICE criteria and determine what biochemical abnormalities are most associated with choledocholithiasis.
Method
A retrospective analysis of inpatient MRCPs performed at QEH between March and May 2021 was performed (n = 72). Pre-MRCP bloods and imaging were used to assess concordance with NICE guidelines. We compared LFTs between patients with and without choledocholithiasis, looking for significant differences.
Results
84.7% of MRCPs were performed in accordance with NICE guidance, of which 31.1% demonstrated choledocholithiasis. No cases of choledocholithiasis were identified if NICE criteria were not fulfilled. A significant difference between the mean values of gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT) and ALP was noted between patients with and without choledocholithiasis.
Conclusions
We identified that the majority of MRCPs were performed in accordance with guidance. Significantly, no cases of choledocholithiasis were identified if these criteria were not met. Although our sample size was small, we found the most specific biochemical markers were ALP and GGT and propose that further research with larger cohorts may help develop a risk stratification tool to aid decision making.
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Marks B, Jalini L. 114 The Use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients with A Post-Operative Diagnosis of Invasive Lobular Carcinoma, A Retrospective Analysis. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab259.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is recommended pre-operatively for some patients with invasive breast carcinomas, particularly mammographically occult cancers and when tumour size may affect surgical management. Research has shown a higher incidence of both multifocal (32.7%) and bilateral (7%) cancers in invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC), affecting the surgical management of 27% of cases. The study aim was to identify whether MRI is indicated post-operatively when the pre-operative diagnosis is invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) but post-operative diagnosis is ILC.
Method
Retrospective analysis of the medical records of patients with dual coding of IDC and ILC over a five-year period (2014-2019) was conducted. Inclusion criteria included a pre-operative diagnosis of IDC but a post-operative diagnosis of ILC. 167 patients were identified.
Results
Twenty-nine patients (17%) fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Ten (34%) had MRI scans conducted. Six (21%) were performed pre-operatively, three (10%) post-operatively and one (3%) had both a pre-operative and post-operative scan. None of the post-operative MRI scans showed further disease. One pre-operative scan identified a secondary foci, however the patient still underwent breast conserving surgery. The other nineteen patients received annual mammographic follow-up as per multidisciplinary meeting documentation, with no recurrence to date.
Conclusions
MRI at our unit is carried out as per NICE guidelines pre-operatively. Our results did not identify any further disease in patients with a post-operative diagnosis of ILC, however the sample size was small. There are currently no guidelines on the use of MRI in these patients and further, larger studies are needed to clarify its role.
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Marks B, McLean R, Brown L, O'Loughlin P. 113 Ischaemic Bowel in The North of England: Trends in Management Approach And Patient Outcomes. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab258.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
Bowel ischaemia is the third most common indication for emergency laparotomy in the UK and is associated with high rates of postoperative morbidity and mortality. This study describes changes in incidence, patient characteristics, management approach and outcomes for patients with bowel ischaemia over a fifteen-year period
Method
Data for patients admitted as an emergency, with a diagnosis of bowel ischaemia, to NHS hospitals in the North of England between 2002 and 2016 were collected. This included patient demographics and co-morbidities, operations performed and outcomes. The primary outcome of interest was in-hospital death within 30 days of admission for non-operatively managed patients and 30-day post-operative mortality for those who underwent an operative intervention.
Results
The incidence of bowel ischaemia has increased as a proportion of emergency general surgery admissions by 68% over fifteen years. More patients are undergoing computerised tomography (CT) imaging has (44.0% vs. 70.3%, p<0.001) and more operations are being performed within 48 hours of admission (p<0.001). The number of patients being managed operatively has fallen from 56.7% to 38.7%. Decreased 30-day mortality rates were observed for both operatively (37.5% to 26.7%, p<0.001) and non-operatively (45.7% to 26.8%, p<0.001) managed patients. Mean length of hospital stay has remained relatively unchanged over time.
Conclusions
Ischaemic bowel is becoming increasingly common. Increased usage of CT imaging has likely resulted in decreased rates of operative management due to its ability to accurately characterise intra-abdominal pathology. Improved mortality rates were observed for both operative and non-operative management strategies.
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Galetin T, Merres J, Schieren M, Marks B, Haffke Y, Defosse J, Wappler F, Koryllos A, Stoelben E. Most patient conditions do not a priori debilitate the sensitivity of thoracic ultrasound in thoracic surgery-a prospective comparative study. J Cardiothorac Surg 2021; 16:75. [PMID: 33849605 PMCID: PMC8045207 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-021-01454-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The few existing studies on the accuracy of lung ultrasound in the detection of a postoperative pneumothorax after thoracic surgery differ in the sonographic technique and the inclusion criteria. Several conditions are considered unfavourable in the sonographic examination of the lung. We aim to test these conditions for their impact on the diagnostic accuracy of lung ultrasound. Methods We compared lung ultrasound and chest roentgenograms for the detection of a pneumothorax after lung-resecting surgery in two prospective trials (register ID DRKS00014557 and DRKS00020216). The ultrasound examiners and radiologists were blinded towards the corresponding findings. We performed posthoc subgroup analyses to determine the influence of various patient or surgery related conditions on the sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound in the detection of pneumothorax. Results We performed 340 examinations in 208 patients. The covariates were age, gender, body mass index, smoking status, severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, previous ipsilateral operation or irradiation, thoracotomy, postoperative skin emphysema, indwelling chest tube and X-ray in supine position. In univariate analysis, an indwelling chest-tube was associated with a higher sensitivity (58%, p = 0.04), and a postoperative subcutaneous emphysema with a lower specificity (73% vs. 88%, p = 0.02). None of the other subgroups differed in sensitivity or specificity from the total population . Conclusions Most of the patient- or surgery related conditions usually considered unfavourable for lung ultrasound did not impair the sensitivity or specificity of lung ultrasound. Further studies should not excluce patients with these conditions, but test the accuracy under routine conditions. Trial registration DRKS, DRKS00014557, registered 06/09/2018, https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00014557 and DRKS00020216, registered 03/12/2019, https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00020216 Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13019-021-01454-6.
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Nyman E, Stein RR, Jing X, Wang W, Marks B, Zervantonakis IK, Korkut A, Gauthier NP, Sander C. Perturbation biology links temporal protein changes to drug responses in a melanoma cell line. PLoS Comput Biol 2020; 16:e1007909. [PMID: 32667922 PMCID: PMC7384681 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells have genetic alterations that often directly affect intracellular protein signaling processes allowing them to bypass control mechanisms for cell death, growth and division. Cancer drugs targeting these alterations often work initially, but resistance is common. Combinations of targeted drugs may overcome or prevent resistance, but their selection requires context-specific knowledge of signaling pathways including complex interactions such as feedback loops and crosstalk. To infer quantitative pathway models, we collected a rich dataset on a melanoma cell line: Following perturbation with 54 drug combinations, we measured 124 (phospho-)protein levels and phenotypic response (cell growth, apoptosis) in a time series from 10 minutes to 67 hours. From these data, we trained time-resolved mathematical models that capture molecular interactions and the coupling of molecular levels to cellular phenotype, which in turn reveal the main direct or indirect molecular responses to each drug. Systematic model simulations identified novel combinations of drugs predicted to reduce the survival of melanoma cells, with partial experimental verification. This particular application of perturbation biology demonstrates the potential impact of combining time-resolved data with modeling for the discovery of new combinations of cancer drugs.
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Marks B, May F. The Role of DOCK2 and ELMO1 in Oesophageal Adenocarcinoma Cell Migration. Int J Surg 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2018.05.691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Millegan J, Manschot B, Dispenzieri M, Marks B, Edwards A, Raulston V, Khatiwoda Y, Narro M. Leveraging iPads to introduce meditation and reduce distress among cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy: a promising approach. Support Care Cancer 2015; 23:3393-4. [PMID: 26260727 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-015-2891-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Van Heertum K, Murphy E, Dean L, Parent E, Marks B, Somkuti S, Nichols J, Schinfeld J, Sobel M, Barmat L. Reproductive Outcomes of Robotic Versus Open Myomectomy Performed By One Surgeon. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2014.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Van Heertum K, Murphy E, Dean L, Parent E, Marks B, Somkuti S, Nichols J, Schinfeld J, Sobel M, Barmat L. Clinical outcomes of robotic versus open myomectomy performed by one surgeon. Fertil Steril 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.07.978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Fath A, Marks B, Bingham G. Response to perturbation in constant tau-dot versus constant proportional rate models of visually guided braking. J Vis 2013. [DOI: 10.1167/13.9.747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Nowyhed H, Bertino S, Tao J, Marks B, Choi JY, Craft J. The characterization of thymus-derived natural Th17 cells and their response to inflammation. (108.9). THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2011. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.186.supp.108.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
CD4 T helper (Th) cells that secrete interleukin (IL)-17 (Th17) complement the function of Th1 and Th2 cells as a third effector lineage, with a distinct role in neutrophil recruitment necessary for extracellular pathogen clearance and the promotion of certain autoimmune conditions. We have previously demonstrated that natural Th17 (nTh17) cells develop within the thymus in a manner similar to that of natural T regulatory (nTreg) cells (Marks et al., Nat. Immunol. 2009), with activation in response to an increase of self-antigen due to tissue destruction and subsequent host protection via IL-22 secretion. In this study, we report microarray analysis of lymph node nTh17 cells, revealing specific patterns of gene expression compared to naïve, Th1, and nTreg cells. We identified 317 genes uniquely over- or under-expressed in nTh17 cells compared to controls. These results give new insights into the differences among naïve, nTreg, nTh17, and Th1 cells. We further identified two receptors -- IL-1R1 and IL-17RC -- that are expressed on nTh17 cells and play a role in their development and function. Development of nTh17 cells is hindered in the absence of IL1R1, and augmented in response to an increase of IL-1β. IL17-RC appears to be functional on nTh17 cells, in that it offers a way for the cells to regulate the levels of secreted IL-17A and IL-22.
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Nowyhed H, Marks B, Choi JY, Craft J. Thymic self-reactivity selects for natural Th17 cells which can be distinguished by unique markers (143.49). THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2010. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.184.supp.143.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
CD4 T helper (Th) cells that secrete interleukin (IL)-17 (Th17) complement the function of Th1 and Th2 cells as a third effector lineage, with a distinct role in neutrophil recruitment necessary for extracellular pathogen clearance and the promotion of certain autoimmune conditions. We have previously demonstrated that natural Th17 (nTh17) cells develop within the thymus in a manner similar to that of natural T regulatory (nTreg) cells (Marks et al., Nat. Immunol. 2009), with activation in response to an increase of self-antigen due to tissue destruction and subsequent host protection via IL-22 secretion. In this study, we report microarray analysis of lymph node nTh17 cells, revealing specific patterns of gene expression compared to naïve, Th1, and nTreg cells. We identified 317 genes uniquely over- or under-expressed in nTh17 cells compared to controls. These results give new insights into the differences among naïve, nTreg, nTh17, and Th1 cells. We further identified two markers, IL-17RE and IL-17RC, that are expressed in nTh17 cells and not in the other subsets or in induced Th17 cells. Neither has been previously reported to be expressed in Th17 cells. IL-17RC appears to be functional in nTh17 cells, in that it offers a way for them to regulate the levels of secretion of IL-17A and IL-22. IL-17RC and IL-17RE could potentially be used as specific markers for natural Th17 cells.
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Ulrich JN, Poudyal G, Marks SJ, Vrabec TR, Marks B, Thapa ABS, Shresta MK, Ruit S, Federman JL. Ocular telemedicine between Nepal and the USA: prevalence of vitreoretinal disease in rural Nepal. Br J Ophthalmol 2009; 93:698-9. [DOI: 10.1136/bjo.2008.151357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Biderman D, Daniels‐Zide E, Reyes A, Marks B. Ego‐identity: Can it be reconstituted after a brain injury? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00207590500345963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Coenen VA, Fromm C, Kronenbürger M, Rohde I, Reinacher PC, Becker R, Marks B, Gilsbach JM, Rohde V. Electrophysiological Proof of Diffusion-Weighted Imaging-Derived Depiction of the Deep-Seated Pyramidal Tract in Human. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 67:117-22. [PMID: 16958008 DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-942117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In the living human brain the pyramidal tract (PT) can be displayed with magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). Although this imaging technique is already being used for planning and performing neurosurgical procedures in the PT vicinity, there is a lack of verification of DWI accuracy in other areas outside the directly subcortical PT parts. Before definitive electrode placement into the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in patients with Parkinson disease (PD) for chronic stimulation, the stimulation effect on PD symptoms and the side-effects, namely PT activation at the level of the internal capsule (IC), are electrophysiologically tested. To analyze DWI accuracy by matching the stereotactic coordinates of the electrophysiologically proven IC position with these of the DWI-derived IC display, DWI was added to the routine MRI work-up in the stereotactic frame prior to functional surgery in 6 patients. In all of the 10 displayed fiber tracts, concordant findings for imaging and macrostimulation were made. The authors proved for the first time that DWI correctly depicts the deep seated, principle motor pathways in the living human brain. Due to methodical limitations of this study the accuracy of the proven IC display is limited to 3 mm which has proven to be sufficient for the planning and performance of neurosurgical procedures in the vicinity of large fiber tracts.
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Mancusi G, Marks B, Czerny C, Thalhammer F, Thurnher D, Riedl M, Dekan G, Knerer B. Tuberkulöse Osteomyelitis des Klivus mit Beteiligung des Nasopharynx. HNO 2005; 53:1081-4. [PMID: 15915344 DOI: 10.1007/s00106-005-1279-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Involvement of the skull base is rare in tuberculosis. We report here the case of a 28-year-old female patient with an osteolytic process of the clivus with compression of the brain stem and involvement of the nasopharynx. She reported suffering from headaches for the last 6 months, and diplopia had occurred 1 week before her diagnosis as a result of paresis of the VIth cranial nerve on the right side. A biopsy was obtained endoscopically via a transnasal approach, revealing a granulomatous inflammation with acid-fast rods and thus confirming the diagnosis of a tuberculoma. When the biopsy was taken there was no evidence of any further tuberculomas in this patient. The clinical picture, diagnosis, and treatment of tuberculosis of the skull base and nasopharynx are discussed and the literature on this rare clinical entity is reviewed with reference to this patient's case report.
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Short A, Gill HS, Marks B, Waite JC, Kellett CF, Price AJ, O'Connor JJ, Murray DW. A novel method for in vivo knee prosthesis wear measurement. J Biomech 2005; 38:315-22. [PMID: 15598459 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2004.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Wear remains an important cause of failure in knee replacement. Of the current methods of early performance assessment or prediction, simulators have been un-physiological, single X-ray film analyses remain limited by accuracy and retrieval and survival methods have a prohibitive time scale. An accurate method is needed to allow a timely assessment of polyethylene component wear in vivo, when a new design is introduced, in order to predict likely outcome. We present a new method for measuring wear in vivo that we believe will allow this prediction of long-term wear. X-ray film pairs were taken of implanted prosthetic metal components. When the X-ray system was calibrated, projections of the appropriate Computer Aided Design (CAD) model could be matched to the shapes on the scanned X-ray films to find component positions. Interpenetration of the metal femoral component into the polyethylene component could then be established and represents our estimate of "wear". This method was used to measure in vivo prosthesis wear to an accuracy of 0.11 mm.
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Gedlicka C, Formanek M, Selzer E, Burian M, Kornfehl J, Fiebiger W, Cartellieri M, Marks B, Kornek GV. Phase II study with docetaxel and cisplatin in the treatment of recurrent and/or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Oncology 2002; 63:145-50. [PMID: 12239449 DOI: 10.1159/000063809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Since the combination of cisplatin and docetaxel have demonstrated activity in squamous cell carcinomas of the lung and oesophagus before, promising results in recurrent metastatic head and neck cancer were expected. PATIENTS AND METHODS Between September 1998 and October 2000, 40 patients entered this trial, 38 of whom were evaluable. Six patients were previously untreated, 24 had surgery and/or radiotherapy and 13 had received chemoradiation and/or surgery. Therapy consisted of 75 mg/m(2) docetaxel (1-hour infusion) and 75 mg/m(2) cisplatin (90-min infusion) on day 1, repeated every three weeks for a maximum of 6 courses. All patients received corticosteroids routinely, 5-HT3-antagonists, and hydration. RESULTS The overall response rate was 52.5% (95% confidence interval, 36.1 to 68.5%) including 7 complete (17.5% complete response; CR) and 14 partial remissions (35% partial response; PR). The overall response rate in patients who had no prior treatment (n = 6) was 100%, including 3 CR and 3 PR. In patients who had prior surgery and/or radiotherapy (n = 21) an overall response rate of 42.8% was observed, including 2 CR and 7 PR; 8 patients (38.1%) had stable disease, while disease progressed in 3 (14.3%). Six of 13 patients (46.2%) who had prior chemoradiation +/- surgery responded, including 2 CR (15.4%) and 4 PR (30.8%), no change was seen in 4 patients (30.8%) and tumour progressed in 2 (15.4%). The median response duration for all patients was 10 months (range, 3-20), the median overall survival was 11 months (range, 1-30). Myelosuppression was commonly observed; WHO grade 3 or 4 neutropenia occurred in 12 patients (30%) each, and was complicated by septicaemia in 5 cases. WHO grade 3 anaemia was observed in only 3 patients (7.5%). Severe non-hematologic toxicity except for alopecia was rarely observed, and included diarrhea in 2 (5%), nausea/vomiting in 2 patients (5%) and stomatitis in 1 patient (2.5%). CONCLUSION Our data suggest that docetaxel and cisplatin in combination is an effective and fairly well tolerated regimen for the treatment of head and neck cancer with an excellent response rate in previously untreated patients.
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Kalache KD, Chaoui R, Marks B, Wauer R, Bollmann R. Does fetal tracheal fluid flow during fetal breathing movements change before the onset of labour? BJOG 2002; 109:514-9. [PMID: 12066940 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2002.01265.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine changes in intra-tracheal fluid flow parameters during fetal breathing movements throughout the second half of pregnancy in the normally developing human fetus. DESIGN Prospective cross-sectional study. SETTING Fetal medicine unit at the Charité University Hospital in Berlin. METHODS Assessment of tracheal fluid flow was attempted in 340 healthy fetuses (GA 20-40 weeks) in which fetal breathing movements were seen by B-mode scan. Colour Doppler was applied to visualise the tracheal fluid flow, followed by spectral Doppler to record the velocity waveforms. The records of 53 fetuses divided into five gestational age groups (20-23, 24-27, 28-31, 32-35 and 36-40 weeks of gestation) containing 40 or more continuous breathing cycles (inspiration and expiration) were considered for analysis. Only regular breathing phases were examined and the volume obtained by integration of the tracheal fluid flow displaced during fetal breathing movements was calculated. RESULTS The intra-tracheal flow volume moved during inspiration (Vi) and expiration (Ve) increased until 36 weeks of gestation after which there was a flattening until term. This suggests either a reduction of lung liquid production or a diminished lung liquid volume. The median difference between Vi and Ve was positive in the first four age groups and negative in the last one suggesting that, in mature fetuses, the effect of fetal breathing movements no longer results in an influx. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate a modification in fetal behaviour that manifests itself during the last four weeks before birth and has the potential to reduce lung liquid volume.
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Stübner UP, Toth J, Marks B, Berger UE, Burtin B, Horak F. Efficacy and safety of an oral formulation of cetirizine and prolonged-release pseudoephedrine versus xylometazoline nasal spray in nasal congestion. ARZNEIMITTEL-FORSCHUNG 2001; 51:904-10. [PMID: 11765592 DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1300135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the decongestant properties and tolerability of the sympathomimetic xylometazoline hydrochloride 0.1% (CAS 1218-35-5, XMZ) and an oral formulation of cetirizine hydrochloride 5 mg and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride 120 mg (CAS 83881-51-0 and 90-82-4, CTZ/PSE; Cirrus). Thirty-six asymptomatic patients suffering from perennial allergic rhinitis from house dust mite were randomized to this open two-period crossover study. Patients received the study medications for four days each. In each period, treatments were taken twice a day. On day 1 in each period, immediately after the first dose of medication, patients were challenged with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus extract 1 in the Vienna Challenge Chamber for 5 h. Primary efficacy parameters were nasal congestion evaluated by digital analysis of nasal cavity photographs and nasal airflow. Furthermore amounts of nasal secretions, nasal and ocular symptoms were recorded. In addition, 5 independent Ear-Nose-Throat specialists also assessed nasal cavity photographs. Statistical analyses were conducted at the 5% level of significance. Digital analysis of the nasal cavity photographs as well as nasal airflow measurements did not differentiate XMZ from CTZ/PSE. Ratings of the photographs of the nasal cavity emphasized the rapid onset of XMZ. No clinically relevant adverse events were recorded. This rapid onset of action but short-lived effect of topical xylometazoline 0.1% should be balanced against the consistent and prolonged effect of systemic cetirizine/pseudoephedrine combination in the treatment of perennial allergic rhinitis as no significant differences between these 2 medications were noted regarding their decongestant properties. With the exception of nasal obstruction, all subjective symptoms as well as the global condition were significantly better under CTZ/PSE. Amounts of nasal secretions during these sessions were significantly lower with CTZ/PSE.
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Marks B, Stowell MH, Vallis Y, Mills IG, Gibson A, Hopkins CR, McMahon HT. GTPase activity of dynamin and resulting conformation change are essential for endocytosis. Nature 2001; 410:231-5. [PMID: 11242086 DOI: 10.1038/35065645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 349] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Dynamin is a large GTPase with a relative molecular mass of 96,000 (Mr 96K) that is involved in clathrin-mediated endocytosis and other vesicular trafficking processes. Although its function is apparently essential for scission of newly formed vesicles from the plasma membrane, the nature of dynamin's role in the scission process is still unclear. It has been proposed that dynamin is a regulator (similar to classical G proteins) of downstream effectors. Here we report the analysis of several point mutants of dynamin's GTPase effector (GED) and GTPase domains. We show that oligomerization and GTP binding alone, by dynamin, are not sufficient for endocytosis in vivo. Rather, efficient GTP hydrolysis and an associated conformational change are also required. These data argue that dynamin has a mechanochemical function in vesicle scission.
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Temmel AF, Herbst T, Popovic R, Toth J, Marks B, Horak F, Kautzky M, Steurer M. Upper airway findings in patients with nocturnal breathing disorders. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2000; 112:767-71. [PMID: 11042906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
This prospective open study was performed to examine the relation between pathologic findings of the upper respiratory tract and the types of noncentral sleep disorders (rhonchopathy, obstructive sleep apnea). 312 men and 274 women aged between 35-75 years attended our outpatient department for relief of their nocturnal breathing disorder. About 1/3 of the patients suffered only of habitual rhonchopathy and 2/3 were obstructive. No findings of the head and neck examination could predict the degree of oxygen desaturation, although pathologies of the nose (73.68%), the soft palate (94.1%) and narrowing of the oro- and hypopharynx (74.19%) were very common in patients with sleep disorder. At least one pathology could be found in every patients. The more pathologies were found the higher was the risk of obstructive sleep apnoea with desaturation below 70%. Unrelated tonsillectomy (51.36%) did not prevent nocturnal breathing disorders.
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Marks B, Cross G. The wall and the ladder. THE PRACTISING MIDWIFE 2000; 3:26-7. [PMID: 11040752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
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Schamp S, Pokieser P, Danzer M, Marks B, Denk D. Radiological findings in acute adult epiglottitis. Eur Radiol 1999; 9:1629-31. [PMID: 10525879 DOI: 10.1007/s003300050898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Acute epiglottitis is a rare but life-threatening disease that commonly occurs in children, and also rarely in adults. The symptoms may be mild and non-specific before a rapid onset of airway obstruction occurs. Early diagnosis is essential, as delayed treatment is associated with a high rate of complications including death. We present the clinical and radiological findings of this unusual condition in an adult.
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