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Mathas N, Poncet G, Laurent C, Larigot L, Le-Grand B, Gonis E, Birman S, Galardon E, Sari MA, Tiouaini M, Nioche P, Barouki R, Coumoul X, Mansuy D, Dairou J. Inhibition by pesticides of the DJ-1/Park7 protein related to Parkinson disease. Toxicology 2023; 487:153467. [PMID: 36842454 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a severe neurodegenerative disease. Several environmental contaminants such as pesticides have been suspected to favor the appearance of this pathology. The protein DJ-1 (or Park7) protects against the development of Parkinson's disease. Thus, the possible inhibitory effects of about a hundred pesticides on human DJ-1 have been studied. We identified fifteen of them as strong inhibitors of DJ-1 with IC50 values between 0.02 and 30 µM. Thiocarbamates are particularly good inhibitors, as shown by thiram that acts as an irreversible inhibitor of an esterase activity of DJ-1 with an IC50 value of 0.02 µM. Thiram was also found as a good inhibitor of the protective activity of DJ-1 against glycation. Such inhibitory effects could be one of the various biological effects of these pesticides that may explain their involvement in the development of Parkinson's disease.
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Nouri K, Pietrancosta N, Le Corre L, Dansette PM, Mansuy D, Boucher JL. Human Orphan Cytochrome P450 2U1 Catalyzes the ω-Hydroxylation of Leukotriene B 4. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314615. [PMID: 36498943 PMCID: PMC9739833 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 2U1 (CYP2U1) identified from the human genome remains poorly known since few data are presently available on its physiological function(s) and substrate(s) specificity. CYP2U1 mutations are associated with complicated forms of hereditary spastic paraplegia, alterations of mitochondrial architecture and bioenergetics. In order to better know the biological roles of CYP2U1, we used a bioinformatics approach. The analysis of the data invited us to focus on leukotriene B4 (LTB4), an important inflammatory mediator. Here, we show that CYP2U1 efficiently catalyzes the hydroxylation of LTB4 predominantly on its ω-position. We also report docking experiments of LTB4 in a 3D model of truncated CYP2U1 that are in agreement with this hydroxylation regioselectivity. The involvement of CYP2U1 in the metabolism of LTB4 could have strong physiological consequences in cerebral pathologies including ischemic stroke because CYP2U1 is predominantly expressed in the brain.
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Gómez-Piñeiro RJ, Dali M, Mansuy D, Boucher JL. Unstability of cinnabarinic acid, an endogenous metabolite of tryptophan, under situations mimicking physiological conditions. Biochimie 2022; 199:150-157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Larigot L, Mansuy D, Borowski I, Coumoul X, Dairou J. Cytochromes P450 of Caenorhabditis elegans: Implication in Biological Functions and Metabolism of Xenobiotics. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12030342. [PMID: 35327534 PMCID: PMC8945457 DOI: 10.3390/biom12030342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Caenorhabditis elegans is an important model used for many aspects of biological research. Its genome contains 76 genes coding for cytochromes P450 (P450s), and few data about the biochemical properties of those P450s have been published so far. However, an increasing number of articles have appeared on their involvement in the metabolism of xenobiotics and endobiotics such as fatty acid derivatives and steroids. Moreover, the implication of some P450s in various biological functions of C. elegans, such as survival, dauer formation, life span, fat content, or lipid metabolism, without mention of the precise reaction catalyzed by those P450s, has been reported in several articles. This review presents the state of our knowledge about C. elegans P450s.
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Dali MM, Dansette PM, Mansuy D, Boucher JL. Comparison of Various Aryl-Dithiolethiones and Aryl-Dithiolones As Hydrogen Sulfide Donors in the Presence of Rat Liver Microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos 2020; 48:426-431. [PMID: 32234734 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.119.090274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that microsomal metabolism of ADT (5-(p-methoxyphenyl)-3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione, anetholedithiolethione, Sulfarlem) and ADO (5-(p-methoxyphenyl)-3H-1,2-dithiole-3-one, anetholedithiolone) led to formation of H2S mainly derived from oxidations catalyzed by cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenases and that ADO was a better H2S donor than ADT under these conditions. This article compares the H2S donor abilities of 18 dithiolethione and dithiolone analogs of ADT and ADO upon incubation with rat liver microsomes. It shows that, for all the studied compounds, maximal H2S formation was obtained after incubation with microsomes and NADPH and that this formation greatly decreased in the presence of N-benzylimidazole, a known inhibitor of cytochrome P450. This indicates that H2S formation from all the studied compounds requires, as previously observed in the case of ADT and ADO, oxidations catalyzed by cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenases. Under these conditions, the studied dithiolones were almost always better H2S donors than the corresponding dithiolethiones. Interestingly, the best H2S yields (up to 75%) were observed in microsomal oxidation of ADO and its close analogs, pCl-Ph-DO and Ph-DO, in the presence of glutathione (GSH), whereas only small amounts of H2S were formed in microsomal incubations of those compounds with GSH but in the absence of NADPH. A possible mechanism for this effect of GSH is proposed on the basis of results obtained from reactions of GSH with 5-(p-methoxyphenyl)-3H-1,2-dithiole-3-one-1-sulfoxide, the ADO metabolite involved in H2S formation in microsomal oxidation of ADO. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: A series of 18 dithiolethiones and dithiolones were compared for their ability to form hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in oxidations catalyzed by microsomal monooxygenases. The studied dithiolones were better H2S donors than the corresponding dithiolethiones, and the addition of glutathione to the incubations strongly increased H2S formation. A possible mechanism for this effect of GSH is proposed on the basis of results obtained from reactions of GSH with 5-(p-methoxyphenyl)-3H-1,2-dithiole-3-one-1-sulfoxide, a metabolite of the choleretic and sialologic drug Sulfarlem.
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Dulac M, Nagarathinam C, Dansette P, Mansuy D, Boucher JL. Mechanism of H 2S Formation from the Metabolism of Anetholedithiolethione and Anetholedithiolone by Rat Liver Microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos 2019; 47:1061-1065. [PMID: 31213461 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.119.087205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The drug anetholedithiolethione (ADT) and its analogs have been extensively used as H2S donors. However, the mechanism of H2S formation from ADT under biologic conditions remains almost completely unknown. This article shows that only small amounts of H2S are formed during incubation of ADT and of its metabolite anetholedithiolone (ADO) with rat liver cytosol or with rat liver microsomes (RLM) in the absence of NADPH, indicating that H2S formation under these conditions is of hydrolytic origin only to a minor extent. By contrast, much greater amounts of H2S are formed upon incubation of ADT and ADO with RLM in the presence of NADPH and dioxygen, with a concomitant formation of H2S and para-methoxy-acetophenone (pMA). Moreover, H2S and pMA formation under those conditions are greatly inhibited in the presence of N-benzyl-imidazole indicating the involvement of cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenases. Mechanistic studies show the intermediate formation of the ADT-derived 1,2-dithiolium cation and of the ADO sulfoxide during microsomal metabolism of ADT and ADO, respectively. This article proposes the first detailed mechanisms for the formation of H2S from microsomal metabolism of ADT and ADO in agreement with those data and with previously published data on the metabolism of compounds involving a C=S bond. Finally, this article shows for the first time that ADO is a better H2S donor than ADT under those conditions. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Incubation of anetholedithiolethione (ADT) or its metabolite anetholedithiolone (ADO) in the presence of rat liver microsomes, NADPH, and O2 leads to H2S. This article shows for the first time that this H2S formation involves several steps catalyzed by microsomal monooxygenases and that ADO is a better H2S donor than ADT. We propose the first detailed mechanisms for the formation of H2S from the microsomal metabolism of ADT and ADO.
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Dulac M, Sassi A, Nagarathinan C, Christen MO, Dansette PM, Mansuy D, Boucher JL. Metabolism of Anethole Dithiolethione by Rat and Human Liver Microsomes: Formation of Various Products Deriving from Its O-Demethylation and S-Oxidation. Involvement of Cytochromes P450 and Flavin Monooxygenases in These Pathways. Drug Metab Dispos 2018; 46:1390-1395. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.118.082545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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Lafite P, André F, Graves JP, Zeldin DC, Dansette PM, Mansuy D. Role of Arginine 117 in Substrate Recognition by Human Cytochrome P450 2J2. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19072066. [PMID: 30012976 PMCID: PMC6073854 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19072066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The influence of Arginine 117 of human cytochrome P450 2J2 in the recognition of ebastine and a series of terfenadone derivatives was studied by site-directed mutagenesis. R117K, R117E, and R117L mutants were produced, and the behavior of these mutants in the hydroxylation of ebastine and terfenadone derivatives was compared to that of wild-type CYP2J2. The data clearly showed the importance of the formation of a hydrogen bond between R117 and the keto group of these substrates. The data were interpreted on the basis of 3D homology models of the mutants and of dynamic docking of the substrates in their active site. These modeling studies also suggested the existence of a R117-E222 salt bridge between helices B’ and F that would be important for maintaining the overall folding of CYP2J2.
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Wang Y, Dansette PM, Pigeon P, Top S, McGlinchey MJ, Mansuy D, Jaouen G. A new generation of ferrociphenols leads to a great diversity of reactive metabolites, and exhibits remarkable antiproliferative properties. Chem Sci 2017; 9:70-78. [PMID: 29629075 PMCID: PMC5870192 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc04213b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Two chemotypes of quinone methide pathways from a single substrate are reported, which may be linked to its remarkable antiproliferative activity.
Organometallic compounds bearing the redox motif [ferrocenyl-ene-phenol] have very promising antiproliferative properties which have been further improved by incorporating pertinent substituents able to engender new mechanisms. Here we show that novel ferrociphenols bearing a hydroxypropyl chain exhibit strong antiproliferative effects, in most cases much better than those of cisplatin, tamoxifen, or of previously described ferrociphenols devoid of this terminal OH. This is illustrated, in the case of one of these compounds, by its IC50 values of 110 nM for MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells and of 300 nM for cisplatin-resistant A2780cisR human ovarian cancer cells, and by its GI50 values lower than 100 nM towards a series of melanoma and renal cancer cell lines of the NCI-60 panel. Interestingly, oxidative metabolism of these hydroxypropyl-ferrociphenols yields two kinds of quinone methides (QMs) that readily react with various nucleophiles, such as glutathione, to give 1,6- and 1,8-adducts. Protonation of these quinone methides generates numerous reactive metabolites leading eventually to many rearrangement and cleavage products. This unprecedented and fully characterized metabolic profile involving a wide range of electrophilic metabolites that should react with cell macromolecules may be linked to the remarkable profile of antiproliferative activities of this new series. Indeed, the great diversity of unexpected reactive metabolites found upon oxidation will allow them to adapt to various situations present in the cancer cell. These data initiate a novel strategy for the rational design of anticancer molecules, thus opening the way to new organometallic potent anticancer drug candidates for the treatment of chemoresistant cancers.
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Durand CM, Dhers L, Tesson C, Tessa A, Fouillen L, Jacqueré S, Raymond L, Coupry I, Benard G, Darios F, El- Hachimi KH, Astrea G, Rivier F, Banneau G, Pujol C, Lacombe D, Durr A, Babin PJ, Santorelli FM, Pietrancosta N, Boucher JL, Mansuy D, Stevanin G, Goizet C. CYP2U1 activity is altered by missense mutations in hereditary spastic paraplegia 56. Hum Mutat 2017; 39:140-151. [DOI: 10.1002/humu.23359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Ruimy-Ifrah P, Jore D, Christen MO, Dansette P, Mansuy D, Ferradini C. Étude radiolytique de réactions radicalaires du sulfarlem. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1051/jcp/1991880907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Dhers L, Ducassou L, Boucher JL, Mansuy D. Cytochrome P450 2U1, a very peculiar member of the human P450s family. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:1859-1869. [PMID: 28083596 PMCID: PMC11107762 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2443-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 2U1 (CYP2U1) exhibits several distinctive characteristics among the 57 human CYPs, such as its presence in almost all living organisms with a highly conserved sequence, its particular gene organization with only five exons, its major location in thymus and brain, and its protein sequence involving an unusually long N-terminal region containing 8 proline residues and an insert of about 20 amino acids containing 5 arginine residues after the transmembrane helix. Few substrates, including fatty acids, N-arachidonoylserotonin (AS), and some drugs, have been reported so far. However, its biological roles remain largely unknown, even though CYP2U1 mutations have been involved in some pathological situations, such as complicated forms of hereditary spastic paraplegia. These data together with its ability to hydroxylate some fatty acids and AS suggest its possible role in lipid metabolism.
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Dhers L, Pietrancosta N, Ducassou L, Ramassamy B, Dairou J, Jaouen M, André F, Mansuy D, Boucher JL. Spectral and 3D model studies of the interaction of orphan human cytochrome P450 2U1 with substrates and ligands. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2017; 1861:3144-3153. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Wang Y, Richard MA, Top S, Dansette PM, Pigeon P, Vessières A, Mansuy D, Jaouen G. Innenrücktitelbild: Ferrocenyl Quinone Methide-Thiol Adducts as New Antiproliferative Agents: Synthesis, Metabolic Formation from Ferrociphenols, and Oxidative Transformation (Angew. Chem. 35/2016). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201605536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Wang Y, Richard MA, Top S, Dansette PM, Pigeon P, Vessières A, Mansuy D, Jaouen G. Inside Back Cover: Ferrocenyl Quinone Methide-Thiol Adducts as New Antiproliferative Agents: Synthesis, Metabolic Formation from Ferrociphenols, and Oxidative Transformation (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 35/2016). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201605536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Wang Y, Richard MA, Top S, Dansette PM, Pigeon P, Vessières A, Mansuy D, Jaouen G. Ferrocenyl Quinone Methide-Thiol Adducts as New Antiproliferative Agents: Synthesis, Metabolic Formation from Ferrociphenols, and Oxidative Transformation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201603931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Wang Y, Richard MA, Top S, Dansette PM, Pigeon P, Vessières A, Mansuy D, Jaouen G. Ferrocenyl Quinone Methide-Thiol Adducts as New Antiproliferative Agents: Synthesis, Metabolic Formation from Ferrociphenols, and Oxidative Transformation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:10431-4. [PMID: 27276169 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201603931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Ferrociphenols (FCs) and their oxidized, electrophilic quinone methide metabolites (FC-QMs) are organometallic compounds related to tamoxifen that exhibit strong antiproliferative properties. To evaluate the reactivity of FC-QMs toward cellular nucleophiles, we studied their reaction with selected thiols. A series of new compounds resulting from the addition of these nucleophiles, the FC-SR adducts, were thus synthesized and completely characterized. Such conjugates are formed upon metabolism of FCs by liver microsomes in the presence of NADPH and thiols. Some of the FC-SR adducts exhibit antiproliferative properties comparable to those of their FC precursors. Under oxidizing conditions they either revert to their FC-QM precursors or transform into new quinone methides (QMs) containing the SR moiety, FC-SR-QM. These results provide interesting data about the reactivity and mechanism of antiproliferative effects of FCs, and also open the way to a new series of organometallic antitumor compounds.
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Ducassou L, Jonasson G, Dhers L, Pietrancosta N, Ramassamy B, Xu-Li Y, Loriot MA, Beaune P, Bertho G, Lombard M, Mansuy D, André F, Boucher JL. Expression in yeast, new substrates, and construction of a first 3D model of human orphan cytochrome P450 2U1: Interpretation of substrate hydroxylation regioselectivity from docking studies. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2015; 1850:1426-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2015.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Richard MA, Hamels D, Pigeon P, Top S, Dansette PM, Lee HZS, Vessières A, Mansuy D, Jaouen G. Cover Picture: Oxidative Metabolism of Ferrocene Analogues of Tamoxifen: Characterization and Antiproliferative Activities of the Metabolites (ChemMedChem 6/2015). ChemMedChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201590015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Dansette PM, Levent D, Hessani A, Mansuy D. Bioactivation of clopidogrel and prasugrel: factors determining the stereochemistry of the thiol metabolite double bond. Chem Res Toxicol 2015; 28:1338-45. [PMID: 25970225 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5b00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The antithrombotics of the tetrahydrothienopyridine series, clopidogrel and prasugrel, are prodrugs that must be metabolized in two steps to become pharmacologically active. The first step is the formation of a thiolactone metabolite. The second step is a further oxidation with the formation of a thiolactone sulfoxide whose hydrolytic opening leads to a sulfenic acid that is eventually reduced into the corresponding active cis thiol. Very few data were available on the formation of the isomer of the active cis thiol having a trans configuration of the double bond, the most striking result in that regard being that both cis and trans thiols were formed upon the metabolism of clopidogrel by human liver microsomes in the presence of glutathione (GSH), whereas only the cis thiol was detected in the sera of patients treated with this drug. This article shows that trans thiols are also formed upon the microsomal metabolism of prasugrel or its thiolactone metabolite in the presence of GSH and that metabolites having the trans configuration of the double bond are only formed when microsomal incubations are done in the presence of thiols, such as GSH, N-acetyl-cysteine, and mercaptoethanol. Intermediate formation of thioesters resulting from the reaction of GSH with the thiolactone sulfoxide metabolite appears to be responsible for trans thiol formation. Addition of human liver cytosol to the microsomal incubations led to a dramatic decrease of the formation of the trans thiol metabolites. These data suggest that cytosolic esterases would accelerate the hydrolytic opening of thiolactone sulfoxide intermediates and disfavor the formation of thioesters resulting from the reaction of these intermediates with GSH that is responsible for trans isomer formation. This would explain why trans thiols have not been detected in the sera of patients treated with clopidogrel.
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Richard MA, Hamels D, Pigeon P, Top S, Dansette PM, Lee HZS, Vessières A, Mansuy D, Jaouen G. Oxidative metabolism of ferrocene analogues of tamoxifen: characterization and antiproliferative activities of the metabolites. ChemMedChem 2015; 10:981-90. [PMID: 25882581 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201500075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Ferrociphenols have been found to have high antiproliferative activity against estrogen-independent breast cancer cells. The rat and human liver microsome-mediated metabolism of three compounds of the ferrocifen (FC) family, 1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-ferrocenyl-but-1-ene (FC1), 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(phenyl)-2-ferrocenyl-but-1-ene (FC2), and 1-[4-(3-dimethylaminopropoxy)phenyl]-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-ferrocenyl-but-1-ene (FC3), was studied. Three main metabolite classes were identified: quinone methides (QMs) deriving from two-electron oxidation of FCs, cyclic indene products (CPs) deriving from acid-catalyzed cyclization of QMs, and allylic alcohols (AAs) deriving from hydroxylation of FCs. These metabolites are generated by cytochromes P450 (P450s), as shown by experiments with either N-benzylimidazole as a P450 inhibitor or recombinant human P450s. Such P450-dependent oxidation of the phenol function and hydroxylation of the allylic CH2 group of FCs leads to the formation of QM and AA metabolites, respectively. Some of the new ferrociphenols obtained in this study were found to exhibit remarkable antiproliferative effects toward MDA-MB-231 hormone-independent breast cancer cells.
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Decroos C, Boucher JL, Mansuy D, Xu-Li Y. Reactions of Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins with Oxidized Metabolites of Tris(p-carboxyltetrathiaaryl)methyl Radical EPR Probes. Chem Res Toxicol 2014; 27:627-36. [DOI: 10.1021/tx400467p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Bézière N, Hardy M, Poulhès F, Karoui H, Tordo P, Ouari O, Frapart YM, Rockenbauer A, Boucher JL, Mansuy D, Peyrot F. Metabolic stability of superoxide adducts derived from newly developed cyclic nitrone spin traps. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 67:150-8. [PMID: 24161442 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.10.812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2013] [Revised: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species are by-products of aerobic metabolism involved in the onset and evolution of various pathological conditions. Among them, the superoxide radical is of special interest as the origin of several damaging species such as H2O2, hydroxyl radical, or peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)). Spin trapping coupled with ESR is a method of choice to characterize these species in chemical and biological systems and the metabolic stability of the spin adducts derived from reaction of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals with nitrones is the main limit to the in vivo application of the method. Recently, new cyclic nitrones bearing a triphenylphosphonium or permethylated β-cyclodextrin moiety have been synthesized and their spin adducts demonstrated increased stability in buffer. In this article, we studied the stability of the superoxide adducts of four new cyclic nitrones in the presence of liver subcellular fractions and biologically relevant reductants using an original setup combining a stopped-flow device and an ESR spectrometer. The kinetics of disappearance of the spin adducts were analyzed using an appropriate simulation program. Our results highlight the interest of the new spin trapping agents CD-DEPMPO and CD-DIPPMPO for specific detection of superoxide with high stability of the superoxide adducts in the presence of liver microsomes.
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Decroos C, Balland V, Boucher JL, Bertho G, Xu-Li Y, Mansuy D. Toward stable electron paramagnetic resonance oximetry probes: synthesis, characterization, and metabolic evaluation of new ester derivatives of a tris-(para-carboxyltetrathiaaryl)methyl (TAM) radical. Chem Res Toxicol 2013; 26:1561-9. [PMID: 24010758 DOI: 10.1021/tx400250a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Tris(p-carboxyltetrathiaaryl)methyl (TAM) radicals, such as 1a ("Finland" radical), are useful EPR probes for oximetry. However, they are rapidly metabolized by liver microsomes in the presence of NADPH, with the formation of diamagnetic quinone-methide metabolites resulting from an oxidative decarboxylation of one of their carboxylate substituents. In an effort to obtain TAM derivatives potentially more metabolically stable in vivo, we have synthesized four new TAM radicals in which the carboxylate substituents of 1a have been replaced with esters groups bearing various alkyl chains designed to render them water-soluble. The new compounds were completely characterized by UV-vis and EPR spectroscopies, high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), and electrochemistry. Two of them were water-soluble enough to undergo detailed microsomal metabolic studies in comparison with 1a. They were found to be stable in the presence of the esterases present in rat liver microsomes and cytosol, and, contrary to 1a, stable to oxidation in the presence of NADPH-supplemented microsomes. A careful study of their possible microsomal reduction under anaerobic or aerobic conditions showed that they were more easily reduced than 1a, in agreement with their higher reduction potentials. They were reduced into the corresponding anions not only under anaerobic conditions but also in the presence of dioxygen. These anions were much more stable than that of 1a and could be characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, MS, and at the level of their protonated product. However, they were oxidized by O₂, giving back to the starting ester radicals and catalyzing a futile cycle of O₂ reduction. Such reactions should be considered in the design of future stable EPR probes for oximetry in vivo.
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Mansuy D. [Metabolism of xenobiotics: beneficial and adverse effects]. Biol Aujourdhui 2013; 207:33-37. [PMID: 23694723 DOI: 10.1051/jbio/2013003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The systems developed by living organisms for the metabolism of xenobiotics play a key role in the adaptation of living species to their chemical environment. Recent data about mammalian cytochrome P450 structures have led to a better understanding of the molecular basis for the adaptability of these enzymes to xenobiotics exhibiting highly variable structures. The action of these enzymes on xenobiotics leads to other beneficial effects such as the bioactivation of some drugs, but also to adverse effects with the formation of aggressive metabolites for the cell that are responsible for the appearance of many toxicities.
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