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Yan Y, Huang SY, Feng YJ, Zhao CY, Sheng GX, Chen J, Jiang JJ, Gao F, Mao SS. [Pediatric amyotrophic lateral sclerosis caused by FUS gene variation in 2 cases]. ZHONGHUA ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2024; 62:893-895. [PMID: 39192451 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20240315-00184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
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Su Z, Gao F, Shu R, Cai K, Fang S, Lei X, Li D, Hu K. Potential treatment of glutathione in bullfrogs with abnormal hepatic lipid metabolism revealed by hepatic lipid metabolism and serum metabolomics analysis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1426340. [PMID: 39193504 PMCID: PMC11347949 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1426340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction With the continuous growth of bullfrog supply, it has become an important aquaculture species. Due to the lack of actionable industry standards and regulation, the misuse of anti-disease drugs and abnormal liver lipid metabolism in bullfrogs have become a major obstacle to the development of bullfrog aquaculture industry. Glutathione is a natural tripeptide that can be synthesized intracellularly, and its physiological functions mainly include the treatment of liver diseases, antioxidant, detoxification, anti-tumor, enhancement of immunity, and delaying aging. Methods In this study, the therapeutic effect of glutathione on bullfrogs with abnormal liver lipid metabolism was revealed from hepatic lipid metabolism and serum metabolomics analysis. The survival rate, liver histomorphology, serum antioxidant enzyme activity, liver lipase activity and serum metabolomics, liver metabolomics were studied and analyzed by feeding the bullfrogs with abnormal lipid metabolism with glutathione for 20 days in the NC, FI and GSH groups. Results The results of the study showed that glutathione was able to repair the liver and improve the survival rate of bullfrogs with abnormal lipid metabolism; the activity of serum SOD enzymes was significantly increased; the activities of ACP and AKP were significantly decreased; the activities of HDL-C and T-CHO were significantly increased; and the activities of LDL-C, TBA, and TG were significantly decreased in the liver; the contents of metabolites, such as PC, PS, and PE were significantly up-regulated, and the levels of up-regulated Autophagy - other, Necroptosis and ErbB signaling pathway, and down-regulated Sphingolipid metabolism, D-Amino acid metabolism metabolic pathway, to some extent The metabolic pathways of Sphingolipid metabolism and D-Amino acid metabolism were down-regulated to alleviate the disorders of glycerophospholipid and amino acid metabolism to a certain extent, thus alleviating the abnormalities of liver lipid metabolism. Discussion The results showed that glutathione could effectively treat the liver lipid metabolism disorder of bullfrogs, promote the growth and development of bullfrogs, repair the liver function, reduce the inflammation, and promote the healthy and green development of bullfrog industry.
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Zhang D, Rodríguez-Kirby LAR, Lin Y, Song M, Wang L, Wang L, Kanatani S, Jimenez-Beristain T, Dang Y, Zhong M, Kukanja P, Wang S, Chen XL, Gao F, Wang D, Xu H, Lou X, Liu Y, Chen J, Sestan N, Uhlén P, Kriegstein A, Zhao H, Castelo-Branco G, Fan R. Spatial dynamics of mammalian brain development and neuroinflammation by multimodal tri-omics mapping. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4814866. [PMID: 39184075 PMCID: PMC11343178 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4814866/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
The ability to spatially map multiple layers of the omics information over different time points allows for exploring the mechanisms driving brain development, differentiation, arealization, and alterations in disease. Herein we developed and applied spatial tri-omic sequencing technologies, DBiT ARP-seq (spatial ATAC-RNA-Protein-seq) and DBiT CTRP-seq (spatial CUT&Tag-RNA-Protein-seq) together with multiplexed immunofluorescence imaging (CODEX) to map spatial dynamic remodeling in brain development and neuroinflammation. A spatiotemporal tri-omic atlas of the mouse brain was obtained at different stages from postnatal day P0 to P21, and compared to the regions of interest in the human developing brains. Specifically, in the cortical area, we discovered temporal persistence and spatial spreading of chromatin accessibility for the layer-defining transcription factors. In corpus callosum, we observed dynamic chromatin priming of myelin genes across the subregions. Together, it suggests a role for layer specific projection neurons to coordinate axonogenesis and myelination. We further mapped the brain of a lysolecithin (LPC) neuroinflammation mouse model and observed common molecular programs in development and neuroinflammation. Microglia, exhibiting both conserved and distinct programs for inflammation and resolution, are transiently activated not only at the core of the LPC lesion, but also at distal locations presumably through neuronal circuitry. Thus, this work unveiled common and differential mechanisms in brain development and neuroinflammation, resulting in a valuable data resource to investigate brain development, function and disease.
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Aprile E, Aalbers J, Abe K, Ahmed Maouloud S, Althueser L, Andrieu B, Angelino E, Angevaare JR, Antochi VC, Antón Martin D, Arneodo F, Balata M, Baudis L, Baxter AL, Bazyk M, Bellagamba L, Biondi R, Bismark A, Brookes EJ, Brown A, Bruenner S, Bruno G, Budnik R, Bui TK, Cai C, Cardoso JMR, Cassese F, Chiarini A, Cichon D, Cimental Chavez AP, Colijn AP, Conrad J, Corrieri R, Cuenca-García JJ, Cussonneau JP, Dadoun O, D’Andrea V, Decowski MP, De Fazio B, Gangi PD, Diglio S, Disdier JM, Douillet D, Eitel K, Elykov A, Farrell S, Ferella AD, Ferrari C, Fischer H, Flierman M, Form S, Front D, Fulgione W, Fuselli C, Gaemers P, Gaior R, Rosso AG, Galloway M, Gao F, Gardner R, Garroum N, Glade-Beucke R, Grandi L, Grigat J, Guan H, Guerzoni M, Guida M, Hammann R, Higuera A, Hils C, Hoetzsch L, Hood NF, Howlett J, Huhmann C, Iacovacci M, Iaquaniello G, Iven L, Itow Y, Jakob J, Joerg F, Joy A, Kara M, Kavrigin P, Kazama S, Kobayashi M, Koltman G, Kopec A, Kuger F, Landsman H, Lang RF, Levinson L, Li I, Li S, Liang S, Lindemann S, Lindner M, Liu K, Loizeau J, Lombardi F, Long J, Lopes JAM, Ma Y, Macolino C, Mahlstedt J, Mancuso A, Manenti L, Marignetti F, Marrodán Undagoitia T, Martella P, Martens K, Masbou J, Masson D, Masson E, Mastroianni S, Mele E, Messina M, Michinelli R, Miuchi K, Molinario A, Moriyama S, Morå K, Mosbacher Y, Murra M, Müller J, Ni K, Nisi S, Oberlack U, Orlandi D, Othegraven R, Paetsch B, Palacio J, Parlati S, Paschos P, Pellegrini Q, Peres R, Peters C, Pienaar J, Pierre M, Plante G, Pollmann TR, Qi J, Qin J, García DR, Rynge M, Shi J, Singh R, Sanchez L, Santos JMFD, Sarnoff I, Sartorelli G, Schreiner J, Schulte D, Schulte P, Schulze Eißing H, Schumann M, Scotto Lavina L, Selvi M, Semeria F, Shagin P, Shi S, Shockley E, Silva M, Simgen H, Stephen J, Stern M, Stillwell BK, Takeda A, Tan PL, Tatananni D, Terliuk A, Thers D, Toschi F, Trinchero G, Tunnell C, Tönnies F, Valerius K, Volta G, Weinheimer C, Weiss M, Wenz D, Westermann J, Wittweg C, Wolf T, Wu VHS, Xing Y, Xu D, Xu Z, Yamashita M, Yang L, Ye J, Yuan L, Zavattini G, Zhong M, Zhu T. The XENONnT dark matter experiment. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. C, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 2024; 84:784. [PMID: 39130092 PMCID: PMC11306575 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-12982-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
The multi-staged XENON program at INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso aims to detect dark matter with two-phase liquid xenon time projection chambers of increasing size and sensitivity. The XENONnT experiment is the latest detector in the program, planned to be an upgrade of its predecessor XENON1T. It features an active target of 5.9 tonnes of cryogenic liquid xenon (8.5 tonnes total mass in cryostat). The experiment is expected to extend the sensitivity to WIMP dark matter by more than an order of magnitude compared to XENON1T, thanks to the larger active mass and the significantly reduced background, improved by novel systems such as a radon removal plant and a neutron veto. This article describes the XENONnT experiment and its sub-systems in detail and reports on the detector performance during the first science run.
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Dou D, He M, Liu J, Xiao S, Gao F, An W, Qi L. Occurrence, distribution characteristics and exposure assessment of perchlorate in the environment in China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 474:134805. [PMID: 38843632 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Recognizing the extent of perchlorate pollution in the environment is critical to preventing and mitigating potential perchlorate harm to human health. The presence and distribution of perchlorate in Chinese environmental matrixes (water, atmosphere, and soil) were systematically investigated and comprehensively analyzed, and cumulative perchlorate exposure at the regional level was assessed using a combined aggregate exposure pathway method. The results showed that perchlorate is ubiquitous in the environment of China with significant regional differences. The total perchlorate exposure levels in each region of China ranked as South China > Southwest China > East China > North China > Northeast China > Northwest China. Although the average exposure dose of 0.588 (95 %CI: 0.142 -1.914) μg/kg bw/day being lower than the reference dose of 0.70 μg/kg bw/day, it was observed that the intake of perchlorate in some regions exceed this reference dose. Oral ingestion was the primary route of perchlorate exposure (89.97-96.57 % of the total intake), followed by dermal contact (3.21-9.16 %) and respiratory inhalation. Food and drinking water were the main sources of total perchlorate intake, contributing 52.54 % and 31.12 % respectively, with the latter contributing significantly more in southern China than in northern China. In addition, perchlorate exposure from dust sources was also noteworthy, as its contribution was as high as 23.18 % in some regions. These findings will improve understanding of the perchlorate risk and serve as a critical reference for policymakers in crafting improved environmental management and risk mitigation strategies in China and other nations.
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Feng YJ, Yu YC, Yan Y, Xu L, Zhao CY, Sheng GX, Chen C, Yang RL, Chen TT, Gao F, Mao SS. [Nusinersen in the treatment of 4 children with presymptomatic spinal muscular atrophy]. ZHONGHUA ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2024; 62:786-788. [PMID: 39039883 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20240307-00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
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Li Z, Yang Y, Gao F. Monomeric compounds from natural products for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis: a review. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:2203-2217. [PMID: 38724690 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01485-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is the end stage of lung injury and chronic lung diseases that results in diminished lung function, respiratory failure, and ultimately mortality. Despite extensive research, the pathogenesis of this disease remains elusive, and effective therapeutic options are currently limited, posing a significant clinical challenge. In addition, research on traditional Chinese medicine and naturopathic medicine is hampered by several complications due to complex composition and lack of reference compounds. Natural product monomers, possessing diverse biological activities and excellent safety profiles, have emerged as potential candidates for preventing and treating PF. The effective anti-PF ingredients identified can be generally divided into flavonoids, saponins, polysaccharides, and alkaloids. Specifically, these monomeric compounds can attenuate inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and other physiopathological processes of the lung through many signaling pathways. They also improve pulmonary factors. Additionally, they ameliorate epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and fibroblast-myofibroblast transdifferentiation (FMT) by regulating multiple signal amplifiers in the lungs, thereby mitigating PF. This review highlights the significant role of monomer compounds derived from natural products in reducing inflammation, oxidative stress, and inhibiting EMT process. The article provides comprehensive information and serves as a solid foundation for further exploration of new strategies to harness the potential of botanicals in the treatment of PF.
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Zhang D, Rubio Rodríguez-Kirby LA, Lin Y, Song M, Wang L, Wang L, Kanatani S, Jimenez-Beristain T, Dang Y, Zhong M, Kukanja P, Wang S, Chen XL, Gao F, Wang D, Xu H, Lou X, Liu Y, Chen J, Sestan N, Uhlén P, Kriegstein A, Zhao H, Castelo-Branco G, Fan R. Spatial dynamics of mammalian brain development and neuroinflammation by multimodal tri-omics mapping. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.28.605493. [PMID: 39091821 PMCID: PMC11291146 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.28.605493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
The ability to spatially map multiple layers of the omics information over different time points allows for exploring the mechanisms driving brain development, differentiation, arealization, and alterations in disease. Herein we developed and applied spatial tri-omic sequencing technologies, DBiT ARP-seq (spatial ATAC-RNA-Protein-seq) and DBiT CTRP-seq (spatial CUT&Tag-RNA-Protein-seq) together with multiplexed immunofluorescence imaging (CODEX) to map spatial dynamic remodeling in brain development and neuroinflammation. A spatiotemporal tri-omic atlas of the mouse brain was obtained at different stages from postnatal day P0 to P21, and compared to the regions of interest in the human developing brains. Specifically, in the cortical area, we discovered temporal persistence and spatial spreading of chromatin accessibility for the layer-defining transcription factors. In corpus callosum, we observed dynamic chromatin priming of myelin genes across the subregions. Together, it suggests a role for layer specific projection neurons to coordinate axonogenesis and myelination. We further mapped the brain of a lysolecithin (LPC) neuroinflammation mouse model and observed common molecular programs in development and neuroinflammation. Microglia, exhibiting both conserved and distinct programs for inflammation and resolution, are transiently activated not only at the core of the LPC lesion, but also at distal locations presumably through neuronal circuitry. Thus, this work unveiled common and differential mechanisms in brain development and neuroinflammation, resulting in a valuable data resource to investigate brain development, function and disease.
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Abratenko P, Alterkait O, Andrade Aldana D, Arellano L, Asaadi J, Ashkenazi A, Balasubramanian S, Baller B, Barr G, Barrow D, Barrow J, Basque V, Benevides Rodrigues O, Berkman S, Bhanderi A, Bhat A, Bhattacharya M, Bishai M, Blake A, Bogart B, Bolton T, Book JY, Brunetti MB, Camilleri L, Cao Y, Caratelli D, Cavanna F, Cerati G, Chappell A, Chen Y, Conrad JM, Convery M, Cooper-Troendle L, Crespo-Anadón JI, Cross R, Del Tutto M, Dennis SR, Detje P, Devitt A, Diurba R, Djurcic Z, Dorrill R, Duffy K, Dytman S, Eberly B, Englezos P, Ereditato A, Evans JJ, Fine R, Finnerud OG, Foreman W, Fleming BT, Franco D, Furmanski AP, Gao F, Garcia-Gamez D, Gardiner S, Ge G, Gollapinni S, Gramellini E, Green P, Greenlee H, Gu L, Gu W, Guenette R, Guzowski P, Hagaman L, Hen O, Hilgenberg C, Horton-Smith GA, Imani Z, Irwin B, Ismail MS, James C, Ji X, Jo JH, Johnson RA, Jwa YJ, Kalra D, Kamp N, Karagiorgi G, Ketchum W, Kirby M, Kobilarcik T, Kreslo I, Leibovitch MB, Lepetic I, Li JY, Li K, Li Y, Lin K, Littlejohn BR, Liu H, Louis WC, Luo X, Mariani C, Marsden D, Marshall J, Martinez N, Martinez Caicedo DA, Martynenko S, Mastbaum A, Mawby I, McConkey N, Meddage V, Micallef J, Miller K, Mogan A, Mohayai T, Mooney M, Moor AF, Moore CD, Mora Lepin L, Moudgalya MM, Mulleriababu S, Naples D, Navrer-Agasson A, Nayak N, Nebot-Guinot M, Nowak J, Oza N, Palamara O, Pallat N, Paolone V, Papadopoulou A, Papavassiliou V, Parkinson HB, Pate SF, Patel N, Pavlovic Z, Piasetzky E, Pophale I, Qian X, Raaf JL, Radeka V, Rafique A, Reggiani-Guzzo M, Ren L, Rochester L, Rodriguez Rondon J, Rosenberg M, Ross-Lonergan M, Rudolf von Rohr C, Safa I, Scanavini G, Schmitz DW, Schukraft A, Seligman W, Shaevitz MH, Sharankova R, Shi J, Snider EL, Soderberg M, Söldner-Rembold S, Spitz J, Stancari M, John JS, Strauss T, Szelc AM, Tang W, Taniuchi N, Terao K, Thorpe C, Torbunov D, Totani D, Toups M, Tsai YT, Tyler J, Uchida MA, Usher T, Viren B, Weber M, Wei H, White AJ, Wolbers S, Wongjirad T, Wospakrik M, Wresilo K, Wu W, Yandel E, Yang T, Yates LE, Yu HW, Zeller GP, Zennamo J, Zhang C. First Simultaneous Measurement of Differential Muon-Neutrino Charged-Current Cross Sections on Argon for Final States with and without Protons Using MicroBooNE Data. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 133:041801. [PMID: 39121397 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.133.041801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/11/2024]
Abstract
We report the first double-differential neutrino-argon cross section measurement made simultaneously for final states with and without protons for the inclusive muon neutrino charged-current interaction channel. The proton kinematics of this channel are further explored with a differential cross section measurement as a function of the leading proton's kinetic energy that extends across the detection threshold. These measurements use data collected with the MicroBooNE detector from 6.4×10^{20} protons on target from the Fermilab booster neutrino beam with a mean neutrino energy of ∼0.8 GeV. Extensive data-driven model validation utilizing the conditional constraint formalism is employed. This motivates enlarging the uncertainties with an empirical reweighting approach to minimize the possibility of extracting biased cross section results. The extracted nominal flux-averaged cross sections are compared to widely used event generator predictions revealing severe mismodeling of final states without protons for muon neutrino charged-current interactions, possibly from insufficient treatment of final state interactions. These measurements provide a wealth of new information useful for improving event generators which will enhance the sensitivity of precision measurements in neutrino experiments.
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Zhu X, Zhang X, Guo J, He L, Wang F, Qiu Z, Li A, Zhang J, Gao F, Li W. Surface Engineering Enhances Vanadium Carbide MXene-Based Nanoplatform Triggered by NIR-II for Cancer Theranostics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2401655. [PMID: 38966887 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Despite the advantages of high tissue penetration depth, selectivity, and non-invasiveness of photothermal therapy for cancer treatment, developing NIR-II photothermal agents with desirable photothermal performance and advanced theranostics ability remains a key challenge. Herein, a universal surface modification strategy is proposed to effectively improve the photothermal performance of vanadium carbide MXene nanosheets (L-V2C) with the removal of surface impurity ions and generation of mesopores. Subsequently, MnOx coating capable of T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging can be in situ formed through surface redox reaction on L-V2C, and then, stable nanoplatforms (LVM-PEG) under physiological conditions can be obtained after further PEGylation. In the tumor microenvironment irradiated by NIR-II laser, multivalent Mn ions released from LVM-PEG, as a reversible electronic station, can consume the overexpression of glutathione and catalyze a Fenton-like reaction to produce ·OH, resulting in synchronous cellular oxidative damage. Efficient synergistic therapy promotes immunogenic cell death, improving tumor-related immune microenvironment and immunomodulation, and thus, LVM-PEG can demonstrate high accuracy and excellent anticancer efficiency guided by multimodal imaging. As a result, this study provides a new approach for the customization of 2D surface strategies and the study of synergistic therapy mechanisms, highlighting the application of MXene-based materials in the biomedical field.
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Gao F, Gong SS. [Vertigo and dizziness in child: a clinical analysis in 120 cases]. ZHONGHUA NEI KE ZA ZHI 2024; 63:680-685. [PMID: 38951092 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20240318-00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the disease composition, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment characteristics of vertigo in children. Methods: A total of 120 children with vertigo diagnosed and treated in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics in Beijing from February 2018 to February 2022 were retrospectively analyzed to explore the clinical characteristics of common peripheral vertigo in children and to summarize the experience of diagnosis and treatment. Results: The etiological composition of 120 cases of vertigo in children are as follows: 63 (52.5%) cases of vestibular migraine of childhood (VMC), 19 (15.8%) of recurrent vertigo of childhood (RVC), 11 (9.2%) of probable vestibular migraine of childhood (PVMC), 10 (8.3%) of secretory otitis media (SOM), 6 (5.0%) of persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD), 4 (3.3%) of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), 2 (1.7%) of vestibular neuritis (VN), 2 (1.7%) of Meniere's disease (MD), 2 (1.7%) of inner ear malformation (IEM), and 1 (0.8%) of vestibular paroxysmal syndrome (VP).The major cause of vertigo in children of different ages was different. SOM was the most important cause in preschool children, followed by RVC and VMC; VMC was the most important cause in school-age children, followed by RVC; and MD and BPPV were exclusive found in adolescents. The incidence rate of PPPD was higher in adolescents than in preschool and school-age children. Children with vertigo had good prognosis in general. Conclusions: VMC, RVC and SOM are the most common causes in vertigo in children, and their proportion was different in different aged children. Transforming abstract feelings into specific information is the skill required for collecting medical history of children with vertigo. Considering the age and cooperation of children, appropriate hearing and vestibular examination techniques are recommended. We should pay more attention to the mental health of children with vertigo and their parents.
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Abratenko P, Alterkait O, Andrade Aldana D, Arellano L, Asaadi J, Ashkenazi A, Balasubramanian S, Baller B, Barr G, Barrow D, Barrow J, Basque V, Benevides Rodrigues O, Berkman S, Bhanderi A, Bhat A, Bhattacharya M, Bishai M, Blake A, Bogart B, Bolton T, Book JY, Brunetti MB, Camilleri L, Cao Y, Caratelli D, Cavanna F, Cerati G, Chappell A, Chen Y, Conrad JM, Convery M, Cooper-Troendle L, Crespo-Anadón JI, Cross R, Del Tutto M, Dennis SR, Detje P, Devitt A, Diurba R, Djurcic Z, Dorrill R, Duffy K, Dytman S, Eberly B, Englezos P, Ereditato A, Evans JJ, Fine R, Finnerud OG, Foreman W, Fleming BT, Franco D, Furmanski AP, Gao F, Garcia-Gamez D, Gardiner S, Ge G, Gollapinni S, Gramellini E, Green P, Greenlee H, Gu L, Gu W, Guenette R, Guzowski P, Hagaman L, Hen O, Hilgenberg C, Horton-Smith GA, Imani Z, Irwin B, Ismail MS, James C, Ji X, Jo JH, Johnson RA, Jwa YJ, Kalra D, Kamp N, Karagiorgi G, Ketchum W, Kirby M, Kobilarcik T, Kreslo I, Leibovitch MB, Lepetic I, Li JY, Li K, Li Y, Lin K, Littlejohn BR, Liu H, Louis WC, Luo X, Mariani C, Marsden D, Marshall J, Martinez N, Martinez Caicedo DA, Martynenko S, Mastbaum A, Mawby I, McConkey N, Meddage V, Micallef J, Miller K, Mogan A, Mohayai T, Mooney M, Moor AF, Moore CD, Mora Lepin L, Moudgalya MM, Mulleriababu S, Naples D, Navrer-Agasson A, Nayak N, Nebot-Guinot M, Nowak J, Oza N, Palamara O, Pallat N, Paolone V, Papadopoulou A, Papavassiliou V, Parkinson HB, Pate SF, Patel N, Pavlovic Z, Piasetzky E, Pophale I, Qian X, Raaf JL, Radeka V, Rafique A, Reggiani-Guzzo M, Ren L, Rochester L, Rodriguez Rondon J, Rosenberg M, Ross-Lonergan M, Rudolf von Rohr C, Safa I, Scanavini G, Schmitz DW, Schukraft A, Seligman W, Shaevitz MH, Sharankova R, Shi J, Snider EL, Soderberg M, Söldner-Rembold S, Spitz J, Stancari M, John JS, Strauss T, Szelc AM, Tang W, Taniuchi N, Terao K, Thorpe C, Torbunov D, Totani D, Toups M, Tsai YT, Tyler J, Uchida MA, Usher T, Viren B, Weber M, Wei H, White AJ, Wolbers S, Wongjirad T, Wospakrik M, Wresilo K, Wu W, Yandel E, Yang T, Yates LE, Yu HW, Zeller GP, Zennamo J, Zhang C. First Search for Dark-Trident Processes Using the MicroBooNE Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:241801. [PMID: 38949335 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.241801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
We present a first search for dark-trident scattering in a neutrino beam using a dataset corresponding to 7.2×10^{20} protons on target taken with the MicroBooNE detector at Fermilab. Proton interactions in the neutrino target at the main injector produce π^{0} and η mesons, which could decay into dark-matter (DM) particles mediated via a dark photon A^{'}. A convolutional neural network is trained to identify interactions of the DM particles in the liquid-argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) exploiting its imagelike reconstruction capability. In the absence of a DM signal, we provide limits at the 90% confidence level on the squared kinematic mixing parameter ϵ^{2} as a function of the dark-photon mass in the range 10≤M_{A^{'}}≤400 MeV. The limits cover previously unconstrained parameter space for the production of fermion or scalar DM particles χ for two benchmark models with mass ratios M_{χ}/M_{A^{'}}=0.6 and 2 and for dark fine-structure constants 0.1≤α_{D}≤1.
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Li YD, Gao MY, Wang M, Gao F, Liu YQ, Du KP, Li S, Zhang HJ, Yao YF, Zhou ZG. [Analysis of the safety, accuracy, and factors influencing bleeding complications in CT-guided puncture biopsy of brain occupying lesions]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2024; 104:1403-1409. [PMID: 38644291 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20231025-00891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the safety and accuracy of CT-guided intracranial puncture biopsy and the possible influencing factors of postoperative bleeding complications. Methods: A case series study. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 101 patients who underwent CT-guided intracranial puncture biopsy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2017 to December 2021. The basic data of patients and the safety and accuracy of CT-guided intracranial puncture biopsy were analyzed statistically. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to screen the influencing factors of bleeding complications in CT-guided intracranial puncture biopsy, and the bleeding complications in glioma subgroup were analyzed. Results: Among the 101 patients, 53 were males and 48 were females, aged (53.7±17.2) years. The average diameter of intracranial lesions was (3.5±1.4) cm, while the vertical distance from the lesion to the meninges was (2.4±1.7) cm. The needle's intracranial depth reached (3.2±1.8) cm, with adjustments averaging (3±1) occurrences and an average procedural duration of (40.2±12.9) minutes. Pathological diagnoses included glioma (36 cases), gliosis (3 cases), lymphoma (32 cases), metastatic tumors (7 cases), inflammatory lesions (13 cases), and 10 indeterminate cases. The positive rate of puncture pathology was 90.1% (91/101), and the diagnostic coincidence rate was 94.0% (78/83). The incidence of bleeding complications in CT-guided intracranial puncture biopsy was 26.7% (27/101), of which 23 cases had small intratoma or needle path bleeding, 4 cases had massive bleeding, and 2 cases died. The patients were divided into bleeding group (n=27) and no bleeding group (n=74), according to the presence or absence of bleeding. The results of univariate logistic regression analysis showed that thrombin time≥15 s and the number of needle adjustment were the factors affecting the occurrence of bleeding complications (both P<0.05), and the results of multivariate logistic regression showed that thrombin time≥15 s was the related factor for bleeding. Patients with thrombin time≥15 s had a 3.045 times higher risk of bleeding than those with thrombin time<15 s (OR=3.045,95%CI:1.189-7.799,P=0.020). Among the 101 patients, 36 cases of midbrain glioma were divided into low-grade glioma group (n=11) and high-grade glioma group (n=25) according to the pathological grade. Subgroup analysis showed that the risk of bleeding for high-grade gliomas was 9.231 times higher than that for low-grade gliomas (OR=9.231,95%CI:1.023-83.331,P=0.031). Conclusions: CT-guided intracranial puncture biopsy is safe and feasible with high accuracy. Complication rates are associated with thrombin time≥15 s, especially high-grade glioma, which increases the risk of postoperative bleeding.
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Tang BC, Sun JL, Gao F, Wang LP, Zheng YM, Li ZJ. [Epidemiological characteristics and genotype trends of rotavirus diarrhea in China from 2009 to 2020]. ZHONGHUA LIU XING BING XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LIUXINGBINGXUE ZAZHI 2024; 45:506-512. [PMID: 38678345 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20231123-00312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and genotype trends of rotavirus infection among the population with diarrhea in China, from 2009 to 2020 and provide evidence for strategic surveillance and prevention. Methods: Surveillance data on diarrhea syndrome from 252 sentinel hospitals across 28 provinces (municipalities, autonomous regions) were obtained from the information management system of the Infectious Disease Surveillance Technology Platform of the National Science and Technology Major Project. Descriptive epidemiological methods were employed to analyze the distribution of rotavirus diarrhea cases in different climatic zones, populations, and times from 2009 to 2020, as well as the genotyping characteristics and changing trends of group A rotavirus diarrhea cases. Results: From 2009 to 2020, a total of 114 606 diarrhea cases were tested for rotavirus, and the positive rate was 19.1% (21 872/114 606); group A rotavirus was dominant (98.2%, 21 471/21 872). The positive rate of rotavirus was the highest in 2009 (36.9%, 2 436/6 604) and 2010 (30.6%, 5 130/16 790), fluctuated between 14.0% to 18.0% from 2011 to 2017, raised slightly in 2018 (20.3%, 2 211/10 900), and declined continuously in the following two years (15.5%, 2 262/14 611 and 9.5%, 470/4 963). The positive rate of males (20.2%, 13 660/67 471) was significantly higher than that of females (17.4%, 8 212/47 135). Children under five had the highest positive rate (28.4%, 18 261/64 300), more than four times that of adults. The positive rate peaked from December to February in the mediate temperate zone, warm temperate zone, and subtropical zone, while there were two peaks from November to January and May to June in the frigid zone of the plateau. The dominant genotype of group A rotavirus gradually changed from G3P[8] and G1P[8] to G9P[8] during 2009-2020. Conclusions: The overall rotavirus infection rate in China was on a downward trend. Meanwhile, significant variations of positive rates were observed in seasonal epidemics and different age groups from 2009 to 2020. Rotavirus diarrhea in children was still a prominent concern. Vaccination of rotavirus vaccine should be promoted, and the epidemiological characteristics and genotypes of rotavirus diarrhea should be continuously monitored.
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Abuter R, Allouche F, Amorim A, Bailet C, Berdeu A, Berger JP, Berio P, Bigioli A, Boebion O, Bolzer ML, Bonnet H, Bourdarot G, Bourget P, Brandner W, Cao Y, Conzelmann R, Comin M, Clénet Y, Courtney-Barrer B, Davies R, Defrère D, Delboulbé A, Delplancke-Ströbele F, Dembet R, Dexter J, de Zeeuw PT, Drescher A, Eckart A, Édouard C, Eisenhauer F, Fabricius M, Feuchtgruber H, Finger G, Förster Schreiber NM, Garcia P, Garcia Lopez R, Gao F, Gendron E, Genzel R, Gil JP, Gillessen S, Gomes T, Gonté F, Gouvret C, Guajardo P, Guieu S, Hackenberg W, Haddad N, Hartl M, Haubois X, Haußmann F, Heißel G, Henning T, Hippler S, Hönig SF, Horrobin M, Hubin N, Jacqmart E, Jocou L, Kaufer A, Kervella P, Kolb J, Korhonen H, Lacour S, Lagarde S, Lai O, Lapeyrère V, Laugier R, Le Bouquin JB, Leftley J, Léna P, Lewis S, Liu D, Lopez B, Lutz D, Magnard Y, Mang F, Marcotto A, Maurel D, Mérand A, Millour F, More N, Netzer H, Nowacki H, Nowak M, Oberti S, Ott T, Pallanca L, Paumard T, Perraut K, Perrin G, Petrov R, Pfuhl O, Pourré N, Rabien S, Rau C, Riquelme M, Robbe-Dubois S, Rochat S, Salman M, Sanchez-Bermudez J, Santos DJD, Scheithauer S, Schöller M, Schubert J, Schuhler N, Shangguan J, Shchekaturov P, Shimizu TT, Sevin A, Soulez F, Spang A, Stadler E, Sternberg A, Straubmeier C, Sturm E, Sykes C, Tacconi LJ, Tristram KRW, Vincent F, von Fellenberg S, Uysal S, Widmann F, Wieprecht E, Wiezorrek E, Woillez J, Zins G. A dynamical measure of the black hole mass in a quasar 11 billion years ago. Nature 2024; 627:281-285. [PMID: 38286342 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07053-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Tight relationships exist in the local Universe between the central stellar properties of galaxies and the mass of their supermassive black hole (SMBH)1-3. These suggest that galaxies and black holes co-evolve, with the main regulation mechanism being energetic feedback from accretion onto the black hole during its quasar phase4-6. A crucial question is how the relationship between black holes and galaxies evolves with time; a key epoch to examine this relationship is at the peaks of star formation and black hole growth 8-12 billion years ago (redshifts 1-3)7. Here we report a dynamical measurement of the mass of the black hole in a luminous quasar at a redshift of 2, with a look back in time of 11 billion years, by spatially resolving the broad-line region (BLR). We detect a 40-μas (0.31-pc) spatial offset between the red and blue photocentres of the Hα line that traces the velocity gradient of a rotating BLR. The flux and differential phase spectra are well reproduced by a thick, moderately inclined disk of gas clouds within the sphere of influence of a central black hole with a mass of 3.2 × 108 solar masses. Molecular gas data reveal a dynamical mass for the host galaxy of 6 × 1011 solar masses, which indicates an undermassive black hole accreting at a super-Eddington rate. This suggests a host galaxy that grew faster than the SMBH, indicating a delay between galaxy and black hole formation for some systems.
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Yin JZ, Li ZQ, Zhang XD, Wan ZJ, Qin HR, Yao LH, Li BL, Gao F, Yang YY. Bufotalin attenuates pulmonary fibrosis via inhibiting Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 964:176293. [PMID: 38158113 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic interstitial lung disease with no cure. Bufotalin (BT), an active component extracted from Venenum Bufonis, has been prescribed as a treatment for chronic inflammatory diseases. However, whether BT has antifibrotic properties has never been investigated. In this study, we report on the potential therapeutic effect and mechanism of BT on IPF. BT was shown to attenuate lung injury, inflammation, and fibrosis as well as preserve pulmonary function in bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis model. We next confirmed BT's ability to inhibit TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and myofibroblast activation (including differentiation, proliferation, migration, and extracellular matrix production) in vitro. Furthermore, transcriptional profile analysis indicated the Wnt signaling pathway as a potential target of BT. Mechanistically, BT effectively prevented β-catenin from translocating into the nucleus to activate transcription of profibrotic genes. This was achieved by blunting TGF-β1-induced increases in phosphorylated Akt Ser437 (p-Akt S437) and phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β Ser9 (p-GSK-3β S9), thereby reactivating GSK-3β. Additionally, the antifibrotic effects of BT were further validated in another in vivo model of radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Collectively, these data demonstrated the potent antifibrotic actions of BT through inhibition of Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin axis downstream of TGF-β1. Thus, BT could be a potential option to be further explored in IPF treatment.
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Wang J, Zhao Q, Gao F, Wang Z, Li M, Li H, Wang Y. Ecological Risk Assessment of Organochlorine Pesticides and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Coastal Sediments in China. TOXICS 2024; 12:114. [PMID: 38393209 PMCID: PMC10892974 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12020114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Although the ecological risk of emerging contaminants is currently a research hotspot in China and abroad, few studies have investigated the ecological risk of pesticide pollutants in Chinese coastal sediments. In this study, nine pesticide pollutants included in the "List of New Key Pollutants for Control (2023 Edition)" issued by the Chinese government were used as the research objects, and the environmental exposure of pesticide pollutants in China's coastal sediments was analyzed. The baseline sediment quality criteria were deduced using the balanced distribution method, and a multi-level ecological risk assessment of pesticides in sediment was performed. The results showed that the nine pesticide pollutants were widespread in Chinese coastal sediments, with concentrations ranging from 0.01 ng·g-1 to 330 ng·g-1. The risk quotient assessment showed that endosulfan and DDT posed medium environmental risks to the Chinese coastal sediment environment, and PCBs posed medium risks in some bays of the East China Sea. The semi-probabilistic, optimized semi-probability evaluation and joint probability curve (JPC) assessments all show that endosulfan and DDT pose a certain degree of risk to the environment.
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Abratenko P, Alterkait O, Andrade Aldana D, Arellano L, Asaadi J, Ashkenazi A, Balasubramanian S, Baller B, Barr G, Barrow D, Barrow J, Basque V, Benevides Rodrigues O, Berkman S, Bhanderi A, Bhat A, Bhattacharya M, Bishai M, Blake A, Bogart B, Bolton T, Book JY, Brunetti MB, Camilleri L, Cao Y, Caratelli D, Cavanna F, Cerati G, Chappell A, Chen Y, Conrad JM, Convery M, Cooper-Troendle L, Crespo-Anadón JI, Cross R, Del Tutto M, Dennis SR, Detje P, Devitt A, Diurba R, Djurcic Z, Dorrill R, Duffy K, Dytman S, Eberly B, Englezos P, Ereditato A, Evans JJ, Fine R, Finnerud OG, Foreman W, Fleming BT, Franco D, Furmanski AP, Gao F, Garcia-Gamez D, Gardiner S, Ge G, Gollapinni S, Gramellini E, Green P, Greenlee H, Gu L, Gu W, Guenette R, Guzowski P, Hagaman L, Hen O, Hilgenberg C, Horton-Smith GA, Imani Z, Irwin B, Ismail M, James C, Ji X, Jo JH, Johnson RA, Jwa YJ, Kalra D, Kamp N, Karagiorgi G, Ketchum W, Kirby M, Kobilarcik T, Kreslo I, Leibovitch MB, Lepetic I, Li JY, Li K, Li Y, Lin K, Littlejohn BR, Liu H, Louis WC, Luo X, Mariani C, Marsden D, Marshall J, Martinez N, Martinez Caicedo DA, Martynenko S, Mastbaum A, Mawby I, McConkey N, Meddage V, Micallef J, Miller K, Mogan A, Mohayai T, Mooney M, Moor AF, Moore CD, Mora Lepin L, Moudgalya MM, Mulleriababu S, Naples D, Navrer-Agasson A, Nayak N, Nebot-Guinot M, Nowak J, Oza N, Palamara O, Pallat N, Paolone V, Papadopoulou A, Papavassiliou V, Parkinson HB, Pate SF, Patel N, Pavlovic Z, Piasetzky E, Pophale I, Qian X, Raaf JL, Radeka V, Rafique A, Reggiani-Guzzo M, Ren L, Rochester L, Rodriguez Rondon J, Rosenberg M, Ross-Lonergan M, Rudolf von Rohr C, Safa I, Scanavini G, Schmitz DW, Schukraft A, Seligman W, Shaevitz MH, Sharankova R, Shi J, Snider EL, Soderberg M, Söldner-Rembold S, Spitz J, Stancari M, St John J, Strauss T, Szelc AM, Tang W, Taniuchi N, Terao K, Thorpe C, Torbunov D, Totani D, Toups M, Tsai YT, Tyler J, Uchida MA, Usher T, Viren B, Weber M, Wei H, White AJ, Wolbers S, Wongjirad T, Wospakrik M, Wresilo K, Wu W, Yandel E, Yang T, Yates LE, Yu HW, Zeller GP, Zennamo J, Zhang C. Search for Heavy Neutral Leptons in Electron-Positron and Neutral-Pion Final States with the MicroBooNE Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:041801. [PMID: 38335355 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.041801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
We present the first search for heavy neutral leptons (HNLs) decaying into νe^{+}e^{-} or νπ^{0} final states in a liquid-argon time projection chamber using data collected with the MicroBooNE detector. The data were recorded synchronously with the NuMI neutrino beam from Fermilab's main injector corresponding to a total exposure of 7.01×10^{20} protons on target. We set upper limits at the 90% confidence level on the mixing parameter |U_{μ4}|^{2} in the mass ranges 10≤m_{HNL}≤150 MeV for the νe^{+}e^{-} channel and 150≤m_{HNL}≤245 MeV for the νπ^{0} channel, assuming |U_{e4}|^{2}=|U_{τ4}|^{2}=0. These limits represent the most stringent constraints in the mass range 35
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Wang M, Zhou ZG, Lu TY, Du KP, Li S, Gao F, Li YD, Gao MY. [Efficacy analysis of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy combined with targeted and immune therapy followed by 125I seeds implantation in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vain tumor thrombus]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2024; 104:290-296. [PMID: 38246774 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20230830-00329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the safety and efficacy of Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy(HAIC) combined with targeted and immune therapy followed by 125I seeds implantation in portal vain tumor thrombus (PVTT) in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) with PVTT. Methods: A retrospective study was performed on the clinical data of 21 patients [ (11 men, 10 women) aged 34-73 (52.6±13.7) years] with HCC with PVTT in The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from October 2020 to October 2022, all of them were treated with HAIC plus targeted and immune therapy,and 125I seeds implanted into PVTT. The patients were followed up to January 2023, the efficacy was evaluated according to the modified version of the solid tumor efficacy evaluation criteria (mRECIST). The progression-free survival (PFS) rate, overall survival(OS) rate and portal tumor thrombus control rate at 3, 6, 12 and 18 months after treatment were recorded, and PFS and OS time were followed up. The changes of liver function, AFP, coagulation function and adverse events were observed. Results: Each patient received 2 to 7 (mean: 3.3±1.2) cycles of HAIC. 10-37 seeds (mean:16.6±6.7) were implanted per patients. The median follow-up time was 15 (range from 5 to 25) months.During the follow-up time, 15 patients showed progression and 6 patients died, and the PFS rates at 3, 6, 12, and 18 months after treatment were 90.5%, 71.4%, 42.9%, and 23.8%, respectively, and at 3, 6, 12, and 18-month OS rates were 100%, 100%, 81.0%, and 61.9%, respectively.The PVTT control rates at 3, 6, and 12 months were 90.5%, 90.5%, and 62.5%, respectively. Overall efficacy evaluation of CR rate 0, PR rate 47.6% (10/21), SD rate 38.1% (8/21), and PD rate 14.3% (3/21). The total incidence of treatment-related adverse events was 100%.Grade 3 treatment related adverse events were observed for 4 cases, the rest wereⅠtoⅡadverse events. Right upper abdominal pain, fever and hemorrhage in liver capsule related to the procedures were observed in 11(52.4%), 5(23.8%) and 3(14.3) patients, respectively. Conclusion: HAIC combined with targeted and immune therapy followed by 125I seeds implantation in PVTT is a safe and efficacy therapy for HCC with PVTT.
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Li SY, Xie XY, Liu D, Cheng GR, Hu FF, Zeng DY, Chen XC, Jia LF, Wang YJ, Bu XL, Qiu C, Gao F, Gu JG, Liu MF, Li Y, Zhou YL, Chang HJ, Ou YM, Xu L, Wu ZX, Zhang JJ, Wang JY, Huang LY, Cui YY, Zhou J, Liu XC, Liu J, Nie QQ, Song D, Cai C, Han GB, Yang X, Tan W, Yu JT, Zeng Y. China Initiative for Multi-Domain Intervention (CHINA-IN-MUDI) to Prevent Cognitive Decline: Study Design and Progress. J Prev Alzheimers Dis 2024; 11:589-600. [PMID: 38706275 DOI: 10.14283/jpad.2024.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common type of irreversible dementia, is predicted to affect 152 million people by 2050. Evidence from large-scale preventive randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on modifiable risk variables in Europe has shown that multi-domain lifestyle treatments for older persons at high risk of dementia may be practical and effective. Given the substantial differences between the Chinese and European populations in terms of demographics and living conditions, direct adoption of the European program in China remains unfeasible. Although a RCT has been conducted in China previously, its participants were mainly from rural areas in northern China and, thus, are not representative of the entire nation.There is an urgent need to establish cohorts that represent different economic, cultural, and geographical situations in order to explore implementation strategies and evaluate the effects of early multi-domain interventions more comprehensively and accurately. MEDTODS We developed an integrated intervention procedure implemented in urban neighborhood settings, namely China Initiative for Multi-Domain Intervention (CHINA-IN-MUDI). CHINA-IN-MUDI is a 2-year multicenter open-label cluster-randomised controlled trial centered around a Chinese-style multi-domain intervention to prevent cognitive decline. Participants aged 60-80 years were recruited from a nationally representative study, i.e. China Healthy Aging and Dementia Study cohort. An external harmonization process was carried out to preserve the original FINGER design. Subsequently, we standardized a series of Chinese-style intervention programs to align with cultural and socioeconomic status. Additionally, we expanded the secondary outcome list to include genomic and proteomic analyses. To enhance adherence and facilitate implementation, we leveraged an e-health application. RESULTS Screening commenced in July 2022. Currently, 1,965 participants have been randomized into lifestyle intervention (n = 772) and control groups (n = 1,193). Both the intervention and control groups exhibited similar baseline characteristics. Several lifestyle and vascular risk factors were present, indicating a potential window of opportunity for intervention. The intervention will be completed by 2025. CONCLUSIONS This project will contribute to the evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of intervention strategies in controlling AD risk and reducing clinical events, providing a basis for public health decision-making in China.
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Zhu B, He J, Ye X, Pei X, Bai Y, Gao F, Guo L, Yong H, Zhao W. Role of Cisplatin in Inducing Acute Kidney Injury and Pyroptosis in Mice via the Exosome miR-122/ELAVL1 Regulatory Axis. Physiol Res 2023; 72:753-765. [PMID: 38215062 PMCID: PMC10805259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Although cisplatin is an effective chemotherapy drug for the treatment of various cancers, its clinical use is limited due to its side effects, especially nephrotoxicity. Unfortunately, acute kidney injury (AKI) caused by cisplatin remains one of the main challenges in effective cancer treatment. Evidence increasingly suggests that renal inflammation and pyroptotic inflammatory cell death of renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) mainly determine the progression and outcome of cisplatin-induced AKI. However, it is not clear how cisplatin regulates the pyroptosis of RTECs cells in AKI. The current study aimed to determine the regulation mechanism of AKI induced by cisplatin. We used cisplatin to induce AKI in vivo. We performed H&E staining of mouse kidney tissue sections and evaluated serological indicators of kidney injury (including blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)). We used immunohistochemistry and western blot to detect the important substrate protein gasdermin D (GSDMD) and key target caspase-1 of pyroptosis, respectively. Cisplatin induced mouse AKI and RTECs pyroptosis. HK2 cell-derived exosomes treated with cisplatin influenced pyroptosis of the surrounding HK2 cells. Cisplatin-treated HK2 cells exosome-derived miR-122 regulated pyroptosis in the surrounding cells. Exosome-derived miR-122 affected cisplatin-induced AKI and HK2 cells pyroptosis by regulating the expression of embryonic lethal abnormal vision (ELAVL1). These results suggest that exosome miR-122 inhibited pyroptosis and AKI by targeting ELAVL1 under cisplatin treatment, and this offers a potential target for the treatment of AKI.
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Shi Y, Yao JJ, Yao YH, Liu ZB, Gao F, Li XY, Feng SQ. [A case of recurrent acute promyelocytic leukemia with p.R394G resistance]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2023; 44:1049-1050. [PMID: 38503533 PMCID: PMC10834878 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2023.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
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Zhao S, Yu N, Wang H, Wan Z, Diao C, Chen Y, Liu T, Yang Y, Gao F, Bai C, Cao K, Cai J. Long non-coding RNA PANDAR promoted radiation and cisplatin-induced DNA damage repair through ATR/CHK1 in NSCLC. J Gene Med 2023; 25:e3565. [PMID: 37460393 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA-damaging agents, including radiation and platinum-based chemotherapy, are indispensable treatments for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. However, cancer cells tend to be resistant to both radiation and chemotherapy, thus resulting in treatment failure or recurrence. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect and mechanism of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) PANDAR (promoter of CDKN1A antisense DNA damage-activated RNA) on NSCLC sensitivity to radiation and chemotherapy. METHODS Cell counting kit (CCK-8), colony formation and flow cytometry were respectively performed to determine the cell cycle and apoptosis of NSCLC cells treated with γ-ray radiation and cisplatin. The extent of DNA damage was evaluated using a comet assay and immunofluorescence staining against γH2AX. In addition, we explored the role of PANDAR in DNA damage response pathways through western blot analysis. Finally, a nude mouse subcutaneous xenograft model was established to assess the sensitivity to radiation and chemotherapy in vivo. RESULTS In cell experiments, PANDAR knockdown can increase the sensitivity of NSCLC cells to radiation and cisplatin. The CCK-8 results showed that cell viability was significantly increased in the overexpression group after radiation and cisplatin treatments. The overexpression group also showed more colonies, less apoptosis and DNA damage, and G2/M phase arrest was aggravated to provide the time necessary for DNA repair. Contrary to PANDAR overexpression, the trends were reversed in the PANDAR knockdown group. Furthermore, PANDAR knockdown inhibited radiation and cisplatin-activated phosphorylation levels of ATR and CHK1 in NSCLC cells. Finally, our in vivo model showed that targeting PANDAR significantly sensitized NSCLC to radiation and cisplatin. CONCLUSION Our study showed that PANDAR knockdown promoted sensitivity to radiation and cisplatin in NSCLC by regulating the ATR/CHK1 pathway, thus providing a novel understanding as well as a therapeutic target for NSCLC treatment. In NSCLC cells, lncRNA PANDAR negatively regulates sensitivity to radiation and cisplatin. PANDAR can promote the repair of radiation and cisplatin-induced DNA damage and activation of the G2/M checkpoint through the ATR/CHK1 pathway. PANDAR knockdown results in defects in DNA damage repair accompanied by more cell apoptosis.
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Zhang X, Yao L, Meng Y, Li B, Yang Y, Gao F. Migrasome: a new functional extracellular vesicle. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:381. [PMID: 37852963 PMCID: PMC10584828 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01673-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Migrasome is a novel cellular organelle produced during cell migration, and its biogenesis depends on the migration process. It is generated in a variety of cells such as immune cells, metastatic tumor cells, other special functional cells like podocytes and cells in developing organisms. It plays important roles in various fields especially in the information exchange between cells. The discovery of migrasome, as an important supplement to the extracellular vesicle system, provides new mechanisms and targets for comprehending various biological or pathological processes. In this article, we will review the discovery, structure, distribution, detection, biogenesis, and removal of migrasomes and mainly focus on summarizing its biological functions in cell-to-cell communication, homeostatic maintenance, embryonic development and multiple diseases. This review also creates prospects for the possible research directions and clinical applications of migrasomes in the future.
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Liu Y, DiStasio M, Su G, Asashima H, Enninful A, Qin X, Deng Y, Nam J, Gao F, Bordignon P, Cassano M, Tomayko M, Xu M, Halene S, Craft JE, Hafler D, Fan R. High-plex protein and whole transcriptome co-mapping at cellular resolution with spatial CITE-seq. Nat Biotechnol 2023; 41:1405-1409. [PMID: 36823353 PMCID: PMC10567548 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-023-01676-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we extended co-indexing of transcriptomes and epitopes (CITE) to the spatial dimension and demonstrated high-plex protein and whole transcriptome co-mapping. We profiled 189 proteins and whole transcriptome in multiple mouse tissue types with spatial CITE sequencing and then further applied the method to measure 273 proteins and transcriptome in human tissues, revealing spatially distinct germinal center reactions in tonsil and early immune activation in skin at the Coronavirus Disease 2019 mRNA vaccine injection site.
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