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Ya'ish F, Cooper JP, Craigen MA. "Mood rings": a new method of objective clinical assessment of peripheral nerve injuries. HAND SURGERY : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL DEVOTED TO HAND AND UPPER LIMB SURGERY AND RELATED RESEARCH : JOURNAL OF THE ASIA-PACIFIC FEDERATION OF SOCIETIES FOR SURGERY OF THE HAND 2010; 15:173-176. [PMID: 21089191 DOI: 10.1142/s0218810410004795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2010] [Revised: 06/11/2010] [Accepted: 06/14/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The clinical assessment of patients with peripheral nerve injury is primarily dependent on subjective clinical examination. We aimed to assess whether a thermotropic liquid crystal ring (TLC-ring) could provide the basis for an objective assessment of peripheral nerve injury by detecting temperature changes in the digits innervated by the damaged nerve. A group of patients with known median, ulnar or both digital nerve injuries were compared against a control group. TLC-rings, marketed to the general public as "mood rings", were applied to the affected and unaffected digits and the colour change recorded. Areas with nerve damage showed a statistically significant difference in colour response to those without damage. This study establishes the ability of TLCs to detect cutaneous temperature changes associated with peripheral nerve injuries. Further studies and improvements are needed to refine TLC as an acute assessment tool for peripheral nerve injuries.
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Deakin DE, Cooper JP. Use of a cork-screw femoral head extractor for removal of a stuck intramedullary nail. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2008; 90:163. [PMID: 18333295 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2008.90.2.163a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Ya'ish FMM, Cooper JP, Craigen MAC. Thermometric diagnosis of peripheral nerve injuries. Assessment of the diagnostic accuracy of a new practical technique. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 89:933-9. [PMID: 17673589 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.89b7.18968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The diagnosis of nerve injury using thermotropic liquid crystal temperature strips was compared blindly and prospectively against operative findings in 36 patients requiring surgical exploration for unilateral upper limb lacerations with suspected nerve injury. Thermotropic liquid crystal strips were applied to affected and non-affected segments in both hands in all subjects. A pilot study showed that a simple unilateral laceration without nerve injury results in a cutaneous temperature difference between limbs, but not within each limb. Thus, for detection of a nerve injury, comparison was made against the unaffected nerve distribution in the same hand. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that an absolute temperature difference > or = 1.0 degrees C was diagnostic of a nerve injury (area under the curve = 0.985, sensitivity = 100%, specificity = 93.8%). Thermotropic liquid crystal strip assessment is a new, reliable and objective method for the diagnosis of traumatic peripheral nerve injuries. If implemented in the acute setting, it could improve the reliability of clinical assessment and reduce the number of negative surgical explorations.
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Qureshi A, McGee A, Cooper JP, Porter KM. Reduction of the posterior pelvic ring by non-invasive stabilisation: a report of two cases. Emerg Med J 2006; 22:885-6. [PMID: 16299202 PMCID: PMC1726653 DOI: 10.1136/emj.2004.015891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate radiological evidence that an external pelvic splint is effective at reducing open book pelvic fractures. Its use in the pre-hospital and emergency department settings should be encouraged in the initial management and resuscitation of patients with pelvic fractures.
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Bansal R, Luscombe J, Cooper JP. Post-operative mortality related to waiting time for hip fracture surgery. Injury 2005; 36:984. [PMID: 16002069 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2004.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2004] [Accepted: 11/11/2004] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Cooper JP. Buspirone for anxiety and agitation in dementia. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2003; 28:469. [PMID: 14631458 PMCID: PMC257799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
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Cooper JP. Zenker's diverticulum and psychosis in the elderly. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY. REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE 2003; 48:125. [PMID: 12655911 DOI: 10.1177/070674370304800210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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8
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Ferreira MG, Cooper JP. The fission yeast Taz1 protein protects chromosomes from Ku-dependent end-to-end fusions. Mol Cell 2001; 7:55-63. [PMID: 11172711 DOI: 10.1016/s1097-2765(01)00154-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A paramount role of telomeres is to prevent chromosome fusions. The fission yeast Taz1 protein regulates diverse telomere functions but is not essential for growth under stress-free conditions. Strikingly, however, taz1(-) cells exhibit lethal telomere fusions when subjected to nitrogen starvation, a treatment that induces an uncommitted G1 state. These fusions are formed by Ku-dependent nonhomologous end joining. Fusions also occur during normal growth in taz1(-) cells that lack rad22(+), a gene involved in homologous recombination. Our data suggest a model whereby taz1(-) telomeres are exposed to the prevailing mode of DNA repair, which is dictated by the cell cycle. Thus, Taz1 caps chromosome ends and provides the telomerespecific interaction that prevents Ku from treating telomeres as double-strand breaks.
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Bolin DR, Swain AL, Sarabu R, Berthel SJ, Gillespie P, Huby NJ, Makofske R, Orzechowski L, Perrotta A, Toth K, Cooper JP, Jiang N, Falcioni F, Campbell R, Cox D, Gaizband D, Belunis CJ, Vidovic D, Ito K, Crowther R, Kammlott U, Zhang X, Palermo R, Weber D, Guenot J, Nagy Z, Olson GL. Peptide and peptide mimetic inhibitors of antigen presentation by HLA-DR class II MHC molecules. Design, structure-activity relationships, and X-ray crystal structures. J Med Chem 2000; 43:2135-48. [PMID: 10841792 DOI: 10.1021/jm000034h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Molecular features of ligand binding to MHC class II HLA-DR molecules have been elucidated through a combination of peptide structure-activity studies and structure-based drug design, resulting in analogues with nanomolar affinity in binding assays. Stabilization of lead compounds against cathepsin B cleavage by N-methylation of noncritical backbone NH groups or by dipeptide mimetic substitutions has generated analogues that compete effectively against protein antigens in cellular assays, resulting in inhibition of T-cell proliferation. Crystal structures of four ternary complexes of different peptide mimetics with the rheumatoid arthritis-linked MHC DRB10401 and the bacterial superantigen SEB have been obtained. Peptide-sugar hybrids have also been identified using a structure-based design approach in which the sugar residue replaces a dipeptide. These studies illustrate the complementary roles played by phage display library methods, peptide analogue SAR, peptide mimetics substitutions, and structure-based drug design in the discovery of inhibitors of antigen presentation by MHC class II HLA-DR molecules.
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Abstract
Telomere functions vary as the cell cycle progresses. Recent results highlight fluctuating associations between telomeres and DNA polymerases, DNA-damage repair proteins, and centrosome components. These associations reflect diverse roles of telomeres in chromosome maintenance and in the orchestration of chromosome movements during meiosis.
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Oberfield JL, Collins JL, Holmes CP, Goreham DM, Cooper JP, Cobb JE, Lenhard JM, Hull-Ryde EA, Mohr CP, Blanchard SG, Parks DJ, Moore LB, Lehmann JM, Plunket K, Miller AB, Milburn MV, Kliewer SA, Willson TM. A peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligand inhibits adipocyte differentiation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1999; 96:6102-6. [PMID: 10339548 PMCID: PMC26842 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.96.11.6102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/1999] [Accepted: 04/05/1999] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear hormone receptors that regulate glucose and lipid homeostasis. The PPARgamma subtype plays a central role in the regulation of adipogenesis and is the molecular target for the 2, 4-thiazolidinedione class of antidiabetic drugs. Structural studies have revealed that agonist ligands activate the PPARs through direct interactions with the C-terminal region of the ligand-binding domain, which includes the activation function 2 helix. GW0072 was identified as a high-affinity PPARgamma ligand that was a weak partial agonist of PPARgamma transactivation. X-ray crystallography revealed that GW0072 occupied the ligand-binding pocket by using different epitopes than the known PPAR agonists and did not interact with the activation function 2 helix. In cell culture, GW0072 was a potent antagonist of adipocyte differentiation. These results establish an approach to the design of PPAR ligands with modified biological activities.
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Lacika S, Cooper JP. Pulmonary embolus possibly associated with clozapine treatment. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY. REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE 1999; 44:396-7. [PMID: 10332587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Cobb JE, Blanchard SG, Boswell EG, Brown KK, Charifson PS, Cooper JP, Collins JL, Dezube M, Henke BR, Hull-Ryde EA, Lake DH, Lenhard JM, Oliver W, Oplinger J, Pentti M, Parks DJ, Plunket KD, Tong WQ. N-(2-Benzoylphenyl)-L-tyrosine PPARgamma agonists. 3. Structure-activity relationship and optimization of the N-aryl substituent. J Med Chem 1998; 41:5055-69. [PMID: 9836622 DOI: 10.1021/jm980414r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
3-¿4-[2-(Benzoxazol-2-ylmethylamino)ethoxy]phenyl¿-(2S)-((2- benzoylph enyl)amino)propionic acid (1) and (2S)-((2-benzoylphenyl)amino)-3-¿4-[2-(5-methyl-2-phenyloxazol-4-y l)e thoxy]phenyl¿propionic acid (2) are peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) agonists and have antidiabetic activity in rodent models of type 2 diabetes. As part of an effort to develop the SAR of the N-2-benzoylphenyl moiety of 1 and 2, a series of novel carboxylic acid analogues, 23-66, modified only in the N-2-benzoylphenyl moiety were synthesized from L-tyrosine and evaluated as PPARgamma agonists. In general, only modest changes in the N-2-benzoylphenyl moiety of 1 and 2 are tolerated. More specifically, the best changes involve bioisosteric replacement of one of the two phenyl rings of this moiety. Addition of substituents to this moiety generally produced compounds that are less active in the cell-based functional assays of PPARgamma activity although binding affinity to PPARgamma may be maintained. A particularly promising set of analogues is the anthranilic acid esters 63-66 in which the phenyl ring in the 2-benzoyl group of 1 and 2 has been replaced by an alkoxy group. In particular, (S)-2-(1-carboxy-2-¿4-[2-(5-methyl-2-phenyloxazol-4-yl)ethoxy]phen yl¿ ethylamino)benzoic acid methyl ester (63) has a pKi of 8.43 in the binding assay using human PPARgamma ligand binding domain and a pEC50 of 9.21 in the in vitro murine lipogenesis functional assay of PPARgamma activity. Finally, 63 was found to normalize glycemia when dosed at 3 mg/kg bid po in the Zucker diabetic fatty rat model of type 2 diabetes.
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Abstract
Deletion of the telomerase catalytic subunit gene trt1+ in Schizosaccharomyces pombe results in death for the majority of cells, but a subpopulation survives. Here it is shown that most survivors have circularized all of their chromosomes, whereas a smaller number maintain their telomeres presumably through recombination. When the telomeric DNA-binding gene taz1+ is also deleted, trt1- taz1- survivors use the recombinational mode more frequently. Moreover, the massive elongation of telomeres in taz1- cells is absent in the double mutant. Thus, Taz1p appears to regulate telomeric recombination as well as telomerase activity in fission yeast.
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Sarabu R, Cooper JP, Cook CM, Gillespie P, Perrotta AV, Olson GL. Design and synthesis of small molecule interleukin-1 receptor antagonists based on a benzene template. DRUG DESIGN AND DISCOVERY 1998; 15:191-8. [PMID: 9689501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The interleukin-1 proteins (IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta) are key mediators of inflammatory and immunological responses, and several in vitro and in vivo studies with protein-based antagonists have demonstrated the potential usefulness of IL-1 receptor antagonists to treat various inflammation related diseases. Based on the X-ray crystal structures of IL-1 ligands and site-directed mutagenesis data, a noncontiguous binding epitope encompassing Arg4, Phe46, Ile56, Lys93, Lys103, and Glu105 for IL-1 beta was proposed. In this paper we describe the synthesis and binding assay results of small molecule IL-1 receptor antagonists designed on the basis of the three-dimensional structure of the binding epitope. Among these, the compound 45 was found to inhibit IL-alpha binding to the Type I receptor with an IC50 value of 3 microM. A hypothesis generated using BioCad CATALYST program is also presented to rationalize these observations.
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Cooper JP, Watanabe Y, Nurse P. Fission yeast Taz1 protein is required for meiotic telomere clustering and recombination. Nature 1998; 392:828-31. [PMID: 9572143 DOI: 10.1038/33947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The alignment of homologous chromosomes during meiosis is essential for their recombination and segregation. Telomeres form and protect the ends of eukaryotic linear chromosomes, and are composed of tandem repeats of a simple DNA sequence and the proteins that bind to these repeats. A role for telomeres in meiosis was suspected from observations of telomere clustering in meiotic cells, and has now been supported experimentally by the dramatic rearrangement of telomere locations during premeiotic stages in fission yeast. Here we show that the fission yeast telomere protein, Taz1, is required for stable association between telomeres and spindle pole bodies during meiotic prophase. In the absence of Taz1, telomere clustering at the spindle pole bodies is disrupted, meiotic recombination is reduced, and both spore viability and the ability of zygotes to re-enter mitosis are impaired to a level that would be expected if chromosome segregation were occurring randomly. Such telomeric association mediated by telomere-specific proteins may also be important for proper chromosome alignment and recombination during meiosis in humans.
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Pentousis D, Cooper JP, Cobbe SM. Prolonged asystole induced by head up tilt test. Report of four cases and brief review of the prognostic significance and medical management. Heart 1997; 77:273-5. [PMID: 9093049 PMCID: PMC484697 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.77.3.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Head up tilt is an established test for assessing patients with vasovagal syncope. Prolonged asystole during the test has previously been reported in patients suffering from the malignant form of this syndrome. Little is known about the prognostic significance of this response and there is no consensus about the optimum treatment. Four such patients are reported who were treated pharmacologically. During follow up they remained free from major events and their symptoms were well controlled. Conservative management is the initial method of choice and only if this fails should implantation of a dual chamber permanent pacemaker be considered.
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Cooper JP, Nimmo ER, Allshire RC, Cech TR. Regulation of telomere length and function by a Myb-domain protein in fission yeast. Nature 1997; 385:744-7. [PMID: 9034194 DOI: 10.1038/385744a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 416] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Telomeres, the specialized nucleoprotein structures that comprise the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes, are essential for complete replication, and regulation of their length has been a focus of research on tumorigenesis. In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the protein Rap1p binds to telomeric DNA and functions in the regulation of telomere length. A human telomere protein, hTRF (human TTAGGG repeat factor) binds the telomere sequence in vitro and localizes to telomeres cytologically, but its functions are not yet known. Here we use a genetic screen to identify a telomere protein in fission yeast, Taz1p (telomere-associated in Schizosaccharomyces pombe), that shares homology to the Myb proto-oncogene DNA-binding domain with hTRF. Disruption or deletion of the taz1+ gene causes a massive increase in telomere length. Taz1p is required for the repression of telomere-adjacent gene expression and for normal meiosis or sporulation. It may be a negative regulator of the telomere-replicating enzyme, telomerase, or may protect against activation of telomerase-independent pathways of telomere elongation.
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Pentousis D, Cooper JP, Rae AP. Bacterial endocarditis involving a subaortic membrane. HEART (BRITISH CARDIAC SOCIETY) 1996; 76:370-1. [PMID: 8983688 PMCID: PMC484553 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.76.4.370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A subaortic membrane predisposes to bacterial endocarditis usually affecting the aortic valve and left ventricular outflow tract. Endocarditis involving the subaortic membrane itself has been described twice only; once at operation and once at postmortem. The case of a man with vegetations involving a subaortic membrane that were detected preoperatively and the echocardiographic appearances of these findings are reported.
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Salinas G, Sinha K, Cooper JP, Whitworth JA, Taylor DW. Human isotype antibody responses to an Onchocerca volvulus glutathione S-transferase. Parasite Immunol 1996; 18:377-86. [PMID: 9229391 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-3024.1996.d01-124.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Human isotype specific antibody responses to a recombinant pi-class glutathione S-transferase (Ov24) from Onchocerca volvulus were assessed by ELISA, using a large and well-characterized bank sera (n = 238) from an hyper-endemic area of moderate intensity from Sierra Leone. IgG1, IgG4 and IgA responses, but neither IgG2 nor IgE response, to Ov24 were detected in infected subjects. The relationships between Ov24 antibody levels and skin microfilarial density, number of nodules, age, sex, eosinophil counts and clinical sign of reactive and chronic pathology were analysed using Pearson's correlation coefficient. Significant correlations between both IgA and IgG3 antibody levels and age were found (P < 0.01). Although no firm conclusions could be drawn from this study sample regarding the relationships between antibody levels and parasite load or clinical status, a negative correlation (P = 0.06) between Ov24 IgG3 antibody levels and microfilarodermia was found.
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Bewley AP, Cooper JP, Levell NJ, Walker JM, Dowd PM. Systemic sclerosis associated with right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Br J Dermatol 1996; 134:1141-3. [PMID: 8763443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis is an uncommon multisystem disorder of unknown aetiology which predominantly affects the skin. Cardiac involvement, which is far more common than was originally realized, may affect any part of the heart but most frequently affects the left ventricular myocardium. Right ventricular dysfunction is usually associated with pulmonary vascular disease. We report a case of systemic sclerosis associated with right ventricular cardiomyopathy in whom pulmonary artery pressures were normal.
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Lewis NP, Banning AP, Cooper JP, Sundar AS, Facey PE, Evans WD, Henderson AH. Impaired matching of perfusion and ventilation in heart failure detected by 133xenon. Basic Res Cardiol 1996; 91 Suppl 1:45-9. [PMID: 8896743 DOI: 10.1007/bf00810523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
In severe chronic heart failure (CHF) the ventilatory cost of CO2 elimination during exercise (VE/VCO2) is increased, suggesting ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) mismatch. The relationship of exercise VE/VCO2 regression slope m to deadspace ventilation was studied in 15 patients with CHF who underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing and arterial blood gas monitoring. Regional lung ventilation and perfusion was studied, using 133xenon, at rest and peak exercise in a further group of 10 CHF patients and in five normal subjects. VE/VCO2 slope m correlated well with deadspace ventilation at peak exercise in the 15 patients with CHF. We therefore used exercise VE/VCO2 slope m to categorize CHF patients undergoing 133xenon imaging into groups with increased (slope m > 36) or normal (slope m < 36) exercise deadspace ventilation. In normals, resting V/Q determined by 133xenon showed a gravitational gradient, which improved on exercise as a result of relative increases and of relative reductions in regional perfusion; no significant changes in regional ventilation distribution were detected. In patients with CHF who had normal slope m (n = 5), rest and exercise V/Q were similar to the normal subjects. In CHF patients with increased slope m (n = 5) however, the resting gravitational gradient of V/Q was lost, and there were no significant changes in relative perfusion distribution on exercise. These findings suggest that the increased ventilatory cost of CO2 elimination found in certain patients with CHF is related to inability to coordinate and optimise the relative distribution of lung perfusion with respect to ventilation during exercise.
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Lingner J, Cooper JP, Cech TR. Telomerase and DNA end replication: no longer a lagging strand problem? Science 1995; 269:1533-4. [PMID: 7545310 DOI: 10.1126/science.7545310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 289] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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24
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Cooper JP, Oliver RM, Currie P, Walker JM, Swanton RH. How do the clinical findings in patients with pericardial effusions influence the success of aspiration? Heart 1995; 73:351-4. [PMID: 7756068 PMCID: PMC483828 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.73.4.351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify features associated with success or failure of aspiration of pericardial effusion. METHOD A retrospective analysis of 36 drainage procedures in 30 patients with pericardial effusion was performed using patient records and echocardiograms. RESULTS Unsuccessful aspiration was associated with pericardial loculation but not with the seniority of the operator or the size and position of the effusion. Pericardiocentesis relieved symptoms of breathlessness in 21 of 26 patients who had a pericardial effusion suspected of causing dyspnoea. These 21 patients had few clinical or echocardiographic signs of classic tamponade. CONCLUSION The paucity of abnormal physical or echocardiographic signs of tamponade in breathless patients with pericardial effusion does not exclude symptomatic benefit being derived from pericardiocentesis. Pericardial aspiration is safe in appropriate hands, although aspiration of loculated effusions may not be as successful as aspiration of non-loculated effusions.
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Cooper JP, Swanton RH. Complications of transvenous temporary pacemaker insertion. Br J Hosp Med (Lond) 1995; 53:155-61. [PMID: 7735664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The indications for temporary pacemaker insertion are more widely documented than the complications. Awareness of the potential complications allows quicker diagnosis and may therefore be lifesaving. This article provides a practical guide to overcoming the complications of pacemaker insertion.
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