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Agarwal I, Wang S, Stuart J, Strohmaier S, Schernhammer E, Rich-Edwards J, Kang JH. First-trimester occupational exposures and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy among US nurses. Occup Med (Lond) 2023; 73:419-426. [PMID: 37587907 PMCID: PMC11009503 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqad089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited and conflicting data exist regarding the impact of first-trimester nursing occupational exposures on hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). AIMS To investigate whether first-trimester night shift work, work hours and work-related activities are associated with HDP. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 6610 women within the Nurses' Health Study II. We used multiple logistic regression to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the relation of occupational exposures to HDP. RESULTS Nine per cent of respondents reported an HDP in the index pregnancy (gestational hypertension: n = 354, 5%, preeclampsia: n = 222, 3%). First-trimester fixed or rotating night shift work was not significantly associated with gestational hypertension or preeclampsia compared to day shift work only. Compared to those working 21-40 h/week, working overtime (≥41 h/week) was not associated with gestational hypertension but was associated with 43% higher odds of preeclampsia (95% CI 1.02, 2.00). For part-time work (≤20 h/week), the OR was 0.76 (95% CI 0.56, 1.02) for gestational hypertension and 0.64 (95% CI 0.43, 0.97) for preeclampsia. The odds of preeclampsia were 3% higher per additional hour worked per week (95% CI 1.01-1.04). Compared to 0-4 h spent standing or walking per day, standing or walking ≥9 h daily was associated with 32% lower odds of gestational hypertension (95% CI 0.47, 0.99) but was not significantly associated with preeclampsia. Frequency of heavy lifting was not associated with either hypertensive disorder or pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS Among nurses, working overtime was associated with higher odds of preeclampsia.
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Niffenegger RJ, Stuart J, Sorace-Agaskar C, Kharas D, Bramhavar S, Bruzewicz CD, Loh W, Maxson RT, McConnell R, Reens D, West GN, Sage JM, Chiaverini J. Publisher Correction: Integrated multi-wavelength control of an ion qubit. Nature 2021; 590:E19. [PMID: 33469223 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-03104-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Enkhmaa D, Tanz L, Ganmaa D, Enkhtur S, Oyun-Erdene B, Stuart J, Chen G, Carr A, Seely EW, Fitzmaurice G, Buyandelger Y, Sarantsetseg B, Gantsetseg G, Rich-Edwards J. Randomized trial of three doses of vitamin D to reduce deficiency in pregnant Mongolian women. EBioMedicine 2018; 39:510-519. [PMID: 30552064 PMCID: PMC6354654 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.11.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In winter in Mongolia, 80% of adults have 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations <25 nmol/l (<10 ng/ml) and 99% have <50 nmol/l (<20 ng/ml). The vitamin D dose to avert deficiency during pregnancy in this population is unknown. METHODS We conducted a randomized, controlled, double-blind trial of daily 600, 2000, or 4000 IU vitamin D3 for pregnant women in Mongolia (Clinicaltrials.gov #NCT02395081). We examined 25(OH)D concentrations at baseline (12-16 weeks' gestation), 36-40 weeks' gestation and in umbilical cord blood, using enzyme linked fluorescent assay. Sample size was determined to detect 0.4 standard deviation differences in 25(OH)D concentrations with 80% power. FINDINGS 119 pregnant women were assigned 600 IU, 121 assigned 2000 IU and 120 assigned 4000 IU from February 2015 through December 2016. Eighty-eight percent of participants took ≥80% of assigned supplements. At baseline, 25(OH)D concentrations were similar across arms; overall mean ± standard deviation concentration was 19 ± 22 nmol/l; 91% were < 50 nmol/l. At 36-40 weeks, 25(OH)D concentrations increased to 46 ± 21, 70 ± 23, and 81 ± 29 nmol/l for women assigned 600, 2000, and 4000 IU, respectively (p < 0.0001 across arms; p = 0.002 for 2000 vs. 4000 IU). Mean umbilical cord 25(OH)D concentrations differed by study arm (p < 0.0001 across arms; p < 0.0001 for 2000 vs. 4000 IU) and were proportional to maternal concentrations. There were no adverse events, including hypercalcemia, attributable to vitamin D supplementation. INTERPRETATION Daily supplementation of 4000 IU during pregnancy is safe and achieved higher maternal and neonatal 25(OH)D concentrations than 2000 IU. Daily 600 IU supplements are insufficient to prevent vitamin D deficiency in Mongolia. FUND: Anonymous foundation and Brigham and Women's Hospital.
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Suraev A, Lintzeris N, Stuart J, Kevin RC, Blackburn R, Richards E, Arnold JC, Ireland C, Todd L, Allsop DJ, McGregor IS. Composition and Use of Cannabis Extracts for Childhood Epilepsy in the Australian Community. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10154. [PMID: 29977078 PMCID: PMC6033872 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28127-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent surveys suggest that many parents are using illicit cannabis extracts in the hope of managing seizures in their children with epilepsy. In the current Australian study we conducted semi-structured interviews with families of children with diverse forms of epilepsy to explore their attitudes towards and experiences with using cannabis extracts. This included current or previous users of cannabis extracts to treat their child's seizures (n = 41 families), and families who had never used (n = 24 families). For those using cannabis, extracts were analysed for cannabinoid content, with specific comparison of samples rated by families as "effective" versus those rated "ineffective". Results showed that children given cannabis extracts tended to have more severe epilepsy historically and had trialled more anticonvulsants than those who had never received cannabis extracts. There was high variability in the cannabinoid content and profile of cannabis extracts rated as "effective", with no clear differences between extracts perceived as "effective" and "ineffective". Contrary to family's expectations, most samples contained low concentrations of cannabidiol, while Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol was present in nearly every sample. These findings highlight profound variation in the illicit cannabis extracts being currently used in Australia and warrant further investigations into the therapeutic value of cannabinoids in epilepsy.
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Stone P, Chalder S, Stuart J. Action of piracetam on cation flux and deformability of sickle cells. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2018. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-1988-8524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Bilto Y, Player M, Stuart J. Action of cetiedil citrate on the cation content, deformability, and osmotic fragility of human erythrocytes. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2018. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-1988-8511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Johnson C, Sowter M, Stone P, Keidan A, Stuart J. Action of cetiedil citrate and oxpentifylline on deformability of sickle cells dehydrated by hyperosmolar stress. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2018. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-1988-8510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Kamour A, Yardley R, Longshaw M, Stuart J. The Experience of a District General Hospital with a Large Outdoor Music Festival in England. Acute Med 2017; 16:65-68. [PMID: 28787035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the impact of the Parklife annual music festival on the local hospital, North Manchester General. METHODS Data was obtained retrospectively by analysis of emergency department records during the weekend of Parklife 2015. RESULTS 32 patients were identified, 56% reported taking drugs. 34% were admitted for overnight observation. 4 patients presented with methaemoglobinaemia following oral ingestion of amyl nitrate. One patient had a methaemoglobin fraction of 90.6%, which is amongst the most extreme recorded in literature. CONCLUSION Music festivals can impose a burden on local health services. Organisers should operate an efficient surveillance system in order to prevent the sale and use of recreational drugs, providing adequate on-site health services and working in collaboration with local emergency services.
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Stäubli M, Stone P, Straub P, Stuart J. Evaluation of methods for measuring erythrocyte deformability. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2016. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-1986-6611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Bilto Y, Stuart J. Ultrasonic cleaning of polycarbonate membranes for measurement of erythrocyte filterability. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2016. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-1985-5507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Stäubli M, Rufi H, Straub P, Stuart J. Measurement of erythrocyte deformability by radial spreading rheometry. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2016. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-1986-6610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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De Ceulaer K, Serjeant G, Nagel R, Billett H, Christakis J, Loukopoulos D, Bellingham A, Lucas G, Stuart J. Intravenous oxpentifylline and the painful crisis of sickle cell disease. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2016. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-1990-10104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Bull B, Chien S, Dormandy J, Kiesewetter H, Lewis S, Lowe G, Meiselman H, Shohet S, Stoltz J, Stuart J, Teitel P. Guidelines for measurement of blood viscosity and erythrocyte deformability. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2016. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-1986-6510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Baar S, Bareford D, Keidan A, Stone P, Stuart J. Elimination of leucocyte artefacts from erythrocyte filtration tests. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2016. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-1986-6207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Bilto Y, Green M, Player M, Stuart J, Anstee D, Lambla M, Trijasson P. Preparation of standards for quality control of the measurement of erythrocyte deformability (filterability). Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2016. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-1988-8606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Stuart J, Stone P, Bareford D, Caldwell N, Davies J, Baar S. Evaluation of Leucocyte Removal Methods for Studies of Erythrocyte Deformability. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2016. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-1985-5204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Bareford D, Stone P, Caldwell N, Stuart J. Erythrocyte morphology as a determinant of abnormal erythrocyte deformability in liver disease. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2016. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-1985-5510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Bareford D, Stone P, Stuart J. Erythrocyte elongation in the ektacytometer corrected for cell volume. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2016. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-1985-5506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Stuart J, Ellory J. Effects of cation and water flux on erythrocyte rheology in clinical disorders. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2016. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-1987-7612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Stuart J, Stone P, Nash G, Ellory J. Effect of piracetam on Ca2+-induced K+ efflux from sickle cells. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2016. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-1990-10510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Bareford D, Lucas G, Stone P, Caldwell N, McGonigle R, Stuart J. Erythrocyte deformability in chronic renal failure. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2016. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-1986-6602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Bilto Y, Ellory J, Player M, Stuart J. Binding of oxpentifylline to the erythrocyte membrane and effects on cell ATP, cation content, and membrane area. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2016. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-1988-8611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Kenny M, Meakin M, Stuart J. Methods for removal of leucocytes and platelets prior to study of erythrocyte deformability. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2016. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-1983-3214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Stuart J, Stone P, Bareford D, Bilto Y. Effect of pore diameter and cell volume on erythrocyte filterability. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2016. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-1985-5508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Bilto Y, Player M, Stuart J. Rheological action of oxpentifylline and structurally related xanthine derivatives on human erythrocytes. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2016. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-1988-8210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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