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Massimi L, Cinalli G, Frassanito P, Arcangeli V, Auer C, Baro V, Bartoli A, Bianchi F, Dietvorst S, Di Rocco F, Gallo P, Giordano F, Hinojosa J, Iglesias S, Jecko V, Kahilogullari G, Knerlich-Lukoschus F, Laera R, Locatelli D, Luglietto D, Luzi M, Messing-Jünger M, Mura R, Ragazzi P, Riffaud L, Roth J, Sagarribay A, Pinheiro MS, Spazzapan P, Spennato P, Syrmos N, Talamonti G, Valentini L, Van Veelen ML, Zucchelli M, Tamburrini G. Intracranial complications of sinogenic and otogenic infections in children: an ESPN survey on their occurrence in the pre-COVID and post-COVID era. Childs Nerv Syst 2024; 40:1221-1237. [PMID: 38456922 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-024-06332-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 pandemic is thought to have changed the epidemiology of some pediatric neurosurgical disease: among them are the intracranial complications of sinusitis and otitis (ICSO). According to some studies on a limited number of cases, both streptococci-related sinusitis and ICSO would have increased immediately after the pandemic, although the reason is not clear yet (seasonal changes versus pandemic-related effects). The goal of the present survey of the European Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery (ESPN) was to collect a large number of cases from different European countries encompassing the pre-COVID (2017-2019), COVID (2020-2021), and post-COVID period (2022-June 2023) looking for possible epidemiological and/or clinical changes. MATERIAL AND METHODS An English language questionnaire was sent to ESPN members about year of the event, patient's age and gender, presence of immune-deficit or other favoring risk factors, COVID infection, signs and symptoms at onset, site of primary infection, type of intracranial complication, identified germ, type and number of surgical operations, type and duration of medical treatment, clinical and radiological outcome, duration of the follow-up. RESULTS Two hundred fifty-four cases were collected by 30 centers coming from 14 different European countries. There was a statistically significant difference between the post-COVID period (129 children, 86 cases/year, 50.7% of the whole series) and the COVID (40 children, 20 cases/year, 15.7%) or the pre-COVID period (85 children, 28.3 cases/year, 33.5%). Other significant differences concerned the presence of predisposing factors/concurrent diseases (higher in the pre-COVID period) and previous COVID infection (higher in the post-COVID period). No relevant differences occurred as far as demographic, microbiological, clinical, radiological, outcome, morbidity, and mortality data were concerned. Paranasal sinuses and middle ear/mastoid were the most involved primary site of infection (71% and 27%, respectively), while extradural or subdural empyema and brain abscess were the most common ICSO (73% and 17%, respectively). Surgery was required in 95% of cases (neurosurgical and ENT procedure in 71% and 62% of cases, respectively) while antibiotics in 99% of cases. After a 12.4-month follow-up, a full clinical and radiological recovery was obtained in 85% and 84% of cases, respectively. The mortality rate was 2.7%. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the occurrence of ICSO was significantly increased after the pandemic. Such an increase seems to be related to the indirect effects of the pandemic (e.g., immunity debt) rather than to a direct effect of COVID infection or to seasonal fluctuations. ICSO remain challenging diseases but the pandemic did not affect the management strategies nor their prognosis. The epidemiological change of sinusitis/otitis and ICSO should alert about the appropriate follow-up of children with sinusitis/otitis.
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Kaptoge S, Seshasai SRK, Sun L, Walker M, Bolton T, Spackman S, Ataklte F, Willeit P, Bell S, Burgess S, Pennells L, Altay S, Assmann G, Ben-Shlomo Y, Best LG, Björkelund C, Blazer DG, Brenner H, Brunner EJ, Dagenais GR, Cooper JA, Cooper C, Crespo CJ, Cushman M, D'Agostino RB, Daimon M, Daniels LB, Danker R, Davidson KW, de Jongh RT, Donfrancesco C, Ducimetiere P, Elders PJM, Engström G, Ford I, Gallacher I, Bakker SJL, Goldbourt U, de La Cámara G, Grimsgaard S, Gudnason V, Hansson PO, Imano H, Jukema JW, Kabrhel C, Kauhanen J, Kavousi M, Kiechl S, Knuiman MW, Kromhout D, Krumholz HM, Kuller LH, Laatikainen T, Lowler DA, Meyer HE, Mukamal K, Nietert PJ, Ninomiya T, Nitsch D, Nordestgaard BG, Palmieri L, Price JF, Ridker PM, Sun Q, Rosengren A, Roussel R, Sakurai M, Salomaa V, Schöttker B, Shaw JE, Strandberg TE, Sundström J, Tolonen H, Tverdal A, Verschuren WMM, Völzke H, Wagenknecht L, Wallace RB, Wannamethee SG, Wareham NJ, Wassertheil-Smoller S, Yamagishi K, Yeap BB, Harrison S, Inouye M, Griffin S, Butterworth AS, Wood AM, Thompson SG, Sattar N, Danesh J, Di Angelantonio E, Tipping RW, Russell S, Johansen M, Bancks MP, Mongraw-Chaffin M, Magliano D, Barr ELM, Zimmet PZ, Knuiman MW, Whincup PH, Willeit J, Willeit P, Leitner C, Lawlor DA, Ben-Shlomo Y, Elwood P, Sutherland SE, Hunt KJ, Cushman M, Selmer RM, Haheim LL, Ariansen I, Tybjaer-Hansen A, Frikkle-Schmidt R, Langsted A, Donfrancesco C, Lo Noce C, Balkau B, Bonnet F, Fumeron F, Pablos DL, Ferro CR, Morales TG, Mclachlan S, Guralnik J, Khaw KT, Brenner H, Holleczek B, Stocker H, Nissinen A, Palmieri L, Vartiainen E, Jousilahti P, Harald K, Massaro JM, Pencina M, Lyass A, Susa S, Oizumi T, Kayama T, Chetrit A, Roth J, Orenstein L, Welin L, Svärdsudd K, Lissner L, Hange D, Mehlig K, Salomaa V, Tilvis RS, Dennison E, Cooper C, Westbury L, Norman PE, Almeida OP, Hankey GJ, Hata J, Shibata M, Furuta Y, Bom MT, Rutters F, Muilwijk M, Kraft P, Lindstrom S, Turman C, Kiyama M, Kitamura A, Yamagishi K, Gerber Y, Laatikainen T, Salonen JT, van Schoor LN, van Zutphen EM, Verschuren WMM, Engström G, Melander O, Psaty BM, Blaha M, de Boer IH, Kronmal RA, Sattar N, Rosengren A, Nitsch D, Grandits G, Tverdal A, Shin HC, Albertorio JR, Gillum RF, Hu FB, Cooper JA, Humphries S, Hill- Briggs F, Vrany E, Butler M, Schwartz JE, Kiyama M, Kitamura A, Iso H, Amouyel P, Arveiler D, Ferrieres J, Gansevoort RT, de Boer R, Kieneker L, Crespo CJ, Assmann G, Trompet S, Kearney P, Cantin B, Després JP, Lamarche B, Laughlin G, McEvoy L, Aspelund T, Thorsson B, Sigurdsson G, Tilly M, Ikram MA, Dorr M, Schipf S, Völzke H, Fretts AM, Umans JG, Ali T, Shara N, Davey-Smith G, Can G, Yüksel H, Özkan U, Nakagawa H, Morikawa Y, Ishizaki M, Njølstad I, Wilsgaard T, Mathiesen E, Sundström J, Buring J, Cook N, Arndt V, Rothenbacher D, Manson J, Tinker L, Shipley M, Tabak AG, Kivimaki M, Packard C, Robertson M, Feskens E, Geleijnse M, Kromhout D. Life expectancy associated with different ages at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes in high-income countries: 23 million person-years of observation. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2023; 11:731-742. [PMID: 37708900 PMCID: PMC7615299 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(23)00223-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing rapidly, particularly among younger age groups. Estimates suggest that people with diabetes die, on average, 6 years earlier than people without diabetes. We aimed to provide reliable estimates of the associations between age at diagnosis of diabetes and all-cause mortality, cause-specific mortality, and reductions in life expectancy. METHODS For this observational study, we conducted a combined analysis of individual-participant data from 19 high-income countries using two large-scale data sources: the Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration (96 cohorts, median baseline years 1961-2007, median latest follow-up years 1980-2013) and the UK Biobank (median baseline year 2006, median latest follow-up year 2020). We calculated age-adjusted and sex-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause mortality according to age at diagnosis of diabetes using data from 1 515 718 participants, in whom deaths were recorded during 23·1 million person-years of follow-up. We estimated cumulative survival by applying age-specific HRs to age-specific death rates from 2015 for the USA and the EU. FINDINGS For participants with diabetes, we observed a linear dose-response association between earlier age at diagnosis and higher risk of all-cause mortality compared with participants without diabetes. HRs were 2·69 (95% CI 2·43-2·97) when diagnosed at 30-39 years, 2·26 (2·08-2·45) at 40-49 years, 1·84 (1·72-1·97) at 50-59 years, 1·57 (1·47-1·67) at 60-69 years, and 1·39 (1·29-1·51) at 70 years and older. HRs per decade of earlier diagnosis were similar for men and women. Using death rates from the USA, a 50-year-old individual with diabetes died on average 14 years earlier when diagnosed aged 30 years, 10 years earlier when diagnosed aged 40 years, or 6 years earlier when diagnosed aged 50 years than an individual without diabetes. Using EU death rates, the corresponding estimates were 13, 9, or 5 years earlier. INTERPRETATION Every decade of earlier diagnosis of diabetes was associated with about 3-4 years of lower life expectancy, highlighting the need to develop and implement interventions that prevent or delay the onset of diabetes and to intensify the treatment of risk factors among young adults diagnosed with diabetes. FUNDING British Heart Foundation, Medical Research Council, National Institute for Health and Care Research, and Health Data Research UK.
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van Gemert Y, Blom AB, Di Ceglie I, Walgreen B, Helsen M, Sloetjes A, Vogl T, Roth J, Kruisbergen NNL, Pieterman EJ, Princen HMG, van der Kraan PM, van Lent PLEM, van den Bosch MHJ. Intensive cholesterol-lowering treatment reduces synovial inflammation during early collagenase-induced osteoarthritis, but not pathology at end-stage disease in female dyslipidemic E3L.CETP mice. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2023:S1063-4584(23)00703-3. [PMID: 36898656 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2023.01.577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and osteoarthritis (OA) development has become increasingly recognized. In this context, the exact role of cholesterol and cholesterol-lowering therapies in OA development has remained elusive. Recently, we did not observe beneficial effects of intensive cholesterol-lowering treatments on spontaneous OA development in E3L.CETP mice. We postulated that in the presence of local inflammation caused by a joint lesion, cholesterol-lowering therapies may ameliorate OA pathology. MATERIALS AND METHODS Female ApoE3∗Leiden.CETP mice were fed a cholesterol-supplemented Western type diet. After 3 weeks, half of the mice received intensive cholesterol-lowering treatment consisting of atorvastatin and the anti-PCSK9 antibody alirocumab. Three weeks after the start of the treatment, OA was induced via intra-articular injections of collagenase. Serum levels of cholesterol and triglycerides were monitored throughout the study. Knee joints were analyzed for synovial inflammation, cartilage degeneration, subchondral bone sclerosis and ectopic bone formation using histology. Inflammatory cytokines were determined in serum and synovial washouts. RESULTS Cholesterol-lowering treatment strongly reduced serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Mice receiving cholesterol-lowering treatment showed a significant reduction in synovial inflammation (P = 0.008, WTD: 95% CI: 1.4- 2.3; WTD + AA: 95% CI: 0.8- 1.5) and synovial lining thickness (WTD: 95% CI: 3.0-4.6, WTD + AA: 95% CI: 2.1-3.2) during early-stage collagenase-induced OA. Serum levels of S100A8/A9, MCP-1 and KC were significantly reduced after cholesterol-lowering treatment (P = 0.0005, 95% CI: -46.0 to -12.0; P = 2.8 × 10-10, 95% CI: -398.3 to -152.1; P = 2.1 × 10-9, -66.8 to -30.4, respectively). However, this reduction did not reduce OA pathology, determined by ectopic bone formation, subchondral bone sclerosis and cartilage damage at end-stage disease. CONCLUSION This study shows that intensive cholesterol-lowering treatment reduces joint inflammation after induction of collagenase-induced OA, but this did not reduce end stage pathology in female mice.
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Popescu C, O'Callaghan G, Storey C, McClelland A, Roth J, Jackson E, Robinson A. Process and Sensitivity Optimisation of the Multi-Trigger Resist. J PHOTOPOLYM SCI TEC 2022. [DOI: 10.2494/photopolymer.35.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
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Guardiani M, Frank P, Kostić A, Edenhofer G, Roth J, Uhlmann B, Enßlin T. Causal, Bayesian, & non-parametric modeling of the SARS-CoV-2 viral load distribution vs. patient's age. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275011. [PMID: 36197849 PMCID: PMC9534394 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The viral load of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 varies on logarithmic scales and possibly with age. Controversial claims have been made in the literature regarding whether the viral load distribution actually depends on the age of the patients. Such a dependence would have implications for the COVID-19 spreading mechanism, the age-dependent immune system reaction, and thus for policymaking. We hereby develop a method to analyze viral-load distribution data as a function of the patients' age within a flexible, non-parametric, hierarchical, Bayesian, and causal model. The causal nature of the developed reconstruction additionally allows to test for bias in the data. This could be due to, e.g., bias in patient-testing and data collection or systematic errors in the measurement of the viral load. We perform these tests by calculating the Bayesian evidence for each implied possible causal direction. The possibility of testing for bias in data collection and identifying causal directions can be very useful in other contexts as well. For this reason we make our model freely available. When applied to publicly available age and SARS-CoV-2 viral load data, we find a statistically significant increase in the viral load with age, but only for one of the two analyzed datasets. If we consider this dataset, and based on the current understanding of viral load's impact on patients' infectivity, we expect a non-negligible difference in the infectivity of different age groups. This difference is nonetheless too small to justify considering any age group as noninfectious.
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Aulin C, Larsson S, Vogl T, Roth J, Åkesson A, Swärd P, Heinbäck R, Erlandsson Harris H, Struglics A. The alarmins high mobility group box protein 1 and S100A8/A9 display different inflammatory profiles after acute knee injury. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2022; 30:1198-1209. [PMID: 35809846 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2022.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the concentrations of high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) and S100A8/A9 in synovial fluid between patients with knee injuries and osteoarthritis (OA), and knee healthy subjects. To investigate associations of alarmin levels with different joint injuries and with biomarkers of inflammation, Wnt signaling, complement system, bone and cartilage degradation. METHODS HMGB1 and S100A8/A9 were measured in synovial fluid by immunoassays in patients with knee injuries, with OA and from knee healthy subjects, and were related to time from injury and with biomarkers obtained from previous studies. Hierarchical cluster and enrichment analyses of biomarkers associated to HMGB1 and S100A8/A9 were performed. RESULTS The synovial fluid HMGB1 and S100A8/A9 concentrations were increased early after knee injury; S100A8/A9 levels were negatively associated to time after injury and was lower in the old compared to recent injury group, while HMGB1 was not associated to time after injury. The S100A8/A9 levels were also increased in OA. The initial inflammatory response was similar between the alarmins, and HMGB1 and S100A8/A9 shared 9 out of 20 enriched pathways. The alarmins displayed distinct response profiles, HMGB1 being associated to cartilage biomarkers while S100A8/A9 was associated to proinflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSIONS HMGB1 and S100A8/A9 are increased as an immediate response to knee trauma. While they share many features in inflammatory and immunoregulatory mechanisms, S100A8/A9 and HMGB1 are associated to different downstream responses, which may have impact on the OA progression after acute knee injuries.
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Collado P, Lanni S, De Lucia O, Balint P, Guillaume S, Hernandez-Diaz C, Sande NMK, Magni-Manzoni S, Malattia C, Martire V, Rossi-Semerano L, Roth J, Ting T, Vega Fernandez P, Windschall D, D’agostino MA, Naredo E. POS1385 INTERNATIONAL CONSENSUS FOR ULTRASOUND DEFINITIONS OF TENOSYNOVITIS IN JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS: RESULTS OF A DELPHI PROCESS. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.1419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundMusculoskeletal Ultrasonography (US) is a suitable tool for the clinical assessment in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Recently US definitions for normal components of pediatric joints and synovitis have been developed by the OMERACT US working group. Currently this group is working on development and validation of US definition for tenosynovitis as it is also an essential prerequisite for the reliable use of this technology in the pediatric age group.ObjectivesTo produce consensus-based definitions for US tenosynovitis in JIA through a Delphi process.MethodsWe undertook a Delphi process on US-defined tenosynovitis in children that consisted of two steps. As a prior systematic literature review showed that US anatomy of the tendons is similar to adults, a Delphi questionnaire was written based on the consensual definitions developed for and used in adults with rheumatoid arthritis [1, 2]. The Delphi questionnaire was sent to rheumatologists and pediatricians who perform pediatric US examination, asking them to rate their level of agreement with each statement of US-defined tenosynovitis. Group agreement was considered if ≥80% of responders scored an item as either 4 or 5.In the second step, the definitions were validated on 88 standardized US images displaying various degrees of tenosynovitis obtained from JIA patients at various ages. Tendons often involved in JIA were selected (foot and ankle tendons, hand and wrist tendons, bicep tendon.). US images of both normal and tenosynovitis elementary lesions were collected by the 18 experts participating in the OMERACT US task force on pediatric tenosynovitis. An agreement ≥70% was considered mandatory for accepting the definition as applicable in the rated image.ResultsThe response rate was 75% (28 out of 37) from the first Delphi questionnaire. Strong group agreement (≥86%) was obtained for the US definitions tested. The response rate was 88.9% (16 out of 18) from the Web-exercise after four rounds. The final definitions were validated on still images for all tendons, except for the biceps tenosynovitis in the age group 2-4 years (the definitions of elementary lesions and the global definition of tenosynovitis) as no image was available for this location and age group. Despite not reaching group agreement after the second and the third round for the US-defined normal finger pulley in children aged 8 years and younger (roughly 68% and 69% respectively), it reached a score of 99.8% after the fourth round.ConclusionUS definitions of tenosynovitis and its elementary components covering a wide pediatric age range were successfully developed through a Delphi questionnaire and validated in a web-based still images exercise. These results provide the basis for the standardized US assessment of tenosynovitis in clinical practice.References[1]Ultrasound in the assessment of tenosynovitis in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: systematic literature review. Collado P on behalf of the OMERACT Ultrasound Task Force. DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-eular.3493[2]Reliability of a consensus-based ultrasound score for tenosynovitis in rheumatoid arthritis. Naredo E on behalf of the OMERACT Ultrasound Task Force. Ann Rheum Dis 2013;72:1328AcknowledgementsAG Bruyn, L Terslev, S Jousse-Joulin, A Rodriguez, M Steiner, E Inarejos, P Bøyesen, K Misaki, A Iagnocco, B Marston, T Cazenave, P Mandl, A Bruns.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
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Hufschmidt P, Schmidt S, Haag D, Beisser F, Eberle F, Roth J, Fuhg C, Behrens R, Hupe O, Zutz H, Ballabriga R, Campbell M, Llopart X, Tlustos L, Wong W, Michel T. DOSIMETRY IN HIGH DOSE RATE PHOTON FIELDS USING THE DOSEPIX DETECTOR. Phys Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1120-1797(22)01615-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Haag D, Schmidt S, Hufschmidt P, Beisser F, Eberle F, Roth J, Fuhg C, Behrens R, Hupe O, Zutz H, Ballabriga R, Campbell M, Llopart X, Tlustos L, Wong W, Michel T. DOSIMETRY IN PULSED PHOTON FIELDS WITH DOSEPIX. Phys Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1120-1797(22)01614-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Roth J, Lehner F, Hupe O, Bergmann B. CHARACTERIZING MEASUREMENTS IN PULSED X-RAY FIELDS FOR RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY WITH TIMEPIX3. Phys Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1120-1797(22)01622-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Federico L, McGrail DJ, Bentebibel SE, Haymaker C, Ravelli A, Forget MA, Karpinets T, Jiang P, Reuben A, Negrao MV, Li J, Khairullah R, Zhang J, Weissferdt A, Vaporciyan AA, Antonoff MB, Walsh G, Lin SY, Futreal A, Wistuba I, Roth J, Byers LA, Gaudreau PO, Uraoka N, Cruz AF, Dejima H, Lazcano RN, Solis LM, Parra ER, Lee JJ, Swisher S, Cascone T, Heymach JV, Zhang J, Sepesi B, Gibbons DL, Bernatchez C. Distinct tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte landscapes are associated with clinical outcomes in localized non-small-cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol 2022; 33:42-56. [PMID: 34653632 PMCID: PMC10019222 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the importance of tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes (TILs) in cancer biology, the relationship between TIL phenotypes and their prognostic relevance for localized non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been well established. PATIENTS AND METHODS Fresh tumor and normal adjacent tissue was prospectively collected from 150 patients with localized NSCLC. Tissue was comprehensively characterized by high-dimensional flow cytometry of TILs integrated with immunogenomic data from multiplex immunofluorescence, T-cell receptor sequencing, exome sequencing, RNA sequencing, targeted proteomics, and clinicopathologic features. RESULTS While neither the magnitude of TIL infiltration nor specific TIL subsets were significantly prognostic alone, the integration of high-dimensional flow cytometry data identified two major immunotypes (IM1 and IM2) that were predictive of recurrence-free survival independent of clinical characteristics. IM2 was associated with poor prognosis and characterized by the presence of proliferating TILs expressing cluster of differentiation 103, programmed cell death protein 1, T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing protein 3, and inducible T-cell costimulator. Conversely, IM1 was associated with good prognosis and differentiated by an abundance of CD8+ T cells expressing cytolytic enzymes, CD4+ T cells lacking the expression of inhibitory receptors, and increased levels of B-cell infiltrates and tertiary lymphoid structures. While increased B-cell infiltration was associated with good prognosis, the best prognosis was observed in patients with tumors exhibiting high levels of both B cells and T cells. These findings were validated in patient tumors from The Cancer Genome Atlas. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that although the number of infiltrating T cells is not associated with patient survival, the nature of the infiltrating T cells, resolved in distinct TIL immunotypes, is prognostically relevant in NSCLC and may inform therapeutic approaches to clinical care.
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Kruisbergen NNL, van Gemert Y, Walgreen B, Helsen MMA, Slöetjes AW, Koenders MI, van de Loo FAJ, Roth J, Vogl T, van der Kraan PM, Blom AB, van den Bosch MHJ, van Lent PLEM. A single dose of anti-IL-1β antibodies prevents Western diet-induced immune activation during early stage collagenase-induced osteoarthritis, but does not ameliorate end-stage pathology. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2021; 29:1462-1473. [PMID: 34298196 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2021.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Metabolic dysfunction can cause IL-1β mediated activation of the innate immune system, which could have important implications for the therapeutic efficacy of IL-1β neutralizing drugs as treatment for OA in the context of metabolic syndrome (MetS). In the present study, we investigated whether early treatment with a single dose of IL-1β blocking antibodies could prevent Western diet (WD) induced changes to systemic monocyte populations and their cytokine secretion profile and herewith modulate collagenase induced osteoarthritis (CiOA) pathology. METHODS CiOA was induced in female C57Bl/6 mice fed either a standard diet (SD) or WD and treated with a single dose of either polyclonal anti-IL-1β antibodies or control. Monocyte subsets and granulocytes in bone marrow and blood were analyzed with flow cytometry, and cytokine expression by bone marrow cells was analyzed using qPCR. Synovial cellularity, cartilage damage and osteophyte formation were assessed on histology. RESULTS WD feeding of C57Bl/6 mice led to increased serum levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and innate immune activation in the form of an increased number of Ly6Chigh cells in bone marrow and blood and increased cytokine expression of IL-6 and TNF-α by bone marrow cells. The increase in monocyte number and activity was ameliorated by anti-IL-1β treatment. However, anti-IL-1β treatment did not significantly affect synovial lining thickness, cartilage damage and ectopic bone formation during WD feeding. CONCLUSIONS Single-dose systemic anti-IL-1β treatment prevented WD-induced innate immune activation during early stage CiOA in C57Bl/6 mice, but did not ameliorate joint pathology.
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Seeliger K, Roth J, Schmid T, Hebart M. Synthesizing preferred stimuli for individual voxels in the human visual system. J Vis 2021. [DOI: 10.1167/jov.21.9.2311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Popescu C, O'Callaghan G, McClelland A, Roth J, Lada T, Kudo T, Dammel R, Moinpour M, Cao Y, Robinson A. Investigating High Opacity and Increased Activation Energy in the Multi-Trigger Resist. J PHOTOPOLYM SCI TEC 2021. [DOI: 10.2494/photopolymer.34.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Dietz J, Spengler U, Müllhaupt B, Schulze Zur Wiesch J, Piecha F, Mauss S, Seegers B, Hinrichsen H, Antoni C, Wietzke-Braun P, Peiffer KH, Berger A, Matschenz K, Buggisch P, Backhus J, Zizer E, Boettler T, Neumann-Haefelin C, Semela D, Stauber R, Berg T, Berg C, Zeuzem S, Vermehren J, Sarrazin C, Giostra E, Berning M, Hampe J, De Gottardi A, Rauch A, Semmo N, Discher T, Trauth J, Fischer J, Gress M, Günther R, Heinzow H, Schmidt J, Herrmann A, Stallmach A, Hilgard G, Deterding K, Lange C, Ciesek S, Wedemeyer H, Hoffmann D, Klinker H, Schulze P, Kocheise F, Müller-Schilling M, Kodal A, Kremer A, Ganslmayer M, Siebler J, Lammert F, Rissland J, Löbermann M, Götze T, Canbay A, Lohse A, von Felden J, Jordan S, Maieron A, Moradpour D, Chave JP, Moreno C, Müller T, Muche M, Epple HJ, Port K, von Hahn T, Cornberg M, Manns M, Reinhardt L, Ellenrieder V, Rockstroh J, Schattenberg J, Sprinzl M, Galle P, Roeb E, Steckstor M, Schmiegel W, Brockmeyer N, Seufferlein T, Stremmel W, Strey B, Thimme R, Teufel A, Vogelmann R, Ebert M, Tomasiewicz K, Trautwein C, Tacke F, Koenen T, Weber T, Zachoval R, Mayerle J, Raziorrouh B, Angeli W, Beckebaum S, Doberauer C, Durmashkina E, Hackelsberger A, Erhardt A, Garrido-Lüneburg A, Gattringer H, Genné D, Gschwantler M, Gundling F, Hametner S, Schöfl R, Hartmann C, Heyer T, Hirschi C, Jussios A, Kanzler S, Kordecki N, Kraus M, Kullig U, Wollschläger S, Magenta L, Beretta-Piccoli BT, Menges M, Mohr L, Muehlenberg K, Niederau C, Paulweber B, Petrides A, Pinkernell M, Piso R, Rambach W, Reiser M, Riecken B, Rieke A, Roth J, Schelling M, Schlee P, Schneider A, Scholz D, Schott E, Schuchmann M, Schulten-Baumer U, Seelhoff A, Stich A, Stickel F, Ungemach J, Walter E, Weber A, Winzer T, Abels W, Adler M, Audebert F, Baermann C, Bästlein E, Barth R, Barthel K, Becker W, Behrends J, Benninger J, Berger F, Berzow D, Beyer T, Bierbaum M, Blaukat O, Bodtländer A, Böhm G, Börner N, Bohr U, Bokemeyer B, Bruch H, Bucholz D, Burkhard O, Busch N, Chirca C, Delker R, Diedrich J, Frank M, Diehl M, Dienethal A, Dietel P, Dikopoulos N, Dreck M, Dreher F, Drude L, Ende K, Ehrle U, Baumgartl K, Emke F, Glosemeyer R, Felten G, Hüppe D, Fischer J, Fischer U, Frederking D, Frick B, Friese G, Gantke B, Geyer P, Schwind H, Glas M, Glaunsinger T, Goebel F, Göbel U, Görlitz B, Graf R, Gruber H, Härter G, Herder M, Heuchel T, Heuer S, Höffl KH, Hörster H, Sonne JU, Hofmann W, Holst F, Hunstiger M, Hurst A, Jägel-Guedes E, John C, Jung M, Kallinowski B, Kapzan B, Kerzel W, Khaykin P, Klarhof M, Klüppelberg U, Klugewitz K, Knapp B, Knevels U, Kochsiek T, Körfer A, Köster A, Kuhn M, Langekamp A, Künzig B, Link R, Littman M, Löhr H, Lutz T, Knecht G, Lutz U, Mainz D, Mahle I, Maurer P, Mayer C, Meister V, Möller H, Heyne R, Moritzen D, Mroß M, Mundlos M, Naumann U, Nehls O, Ningel K, Oelmann A, Olejnik H, Gadow K, Pascher E, Petersen J, Philipp A, Pichler M, Polzien F, Raddant R, Riedel M, Rietzler S, Rössle M, Rufle W, Rump A, Schewe C, Hoffmann C, Schleehauf D, Schmidt K, Schmidt W, Schmidt-Heinevetter G, Schmidtler-von Fabris J, Schnaitmann E, Schneider L, Schober A, Niehaus-Hahn S, Schwenzer J, Seidel T, Seitel G, Sick C, Simon K, Stähler D, Stenschke F, Steffens H, Stein K, Steinmüller M, Sternfeld T, Strey B, Svensson K, Tacke W, Teuber G, Teubner K, Thieringer J, Tomesch A, Trappe U, Ullrich J, Urban G, Usadel S, von Lucadou A, Weinberger F, Werheid-Dobers M, Werner P, Winter T, Zehnter E, Zipf A. Efficacy of Retreatment After Failed Direct-acting Antiviral Therapy in Patients With HCV Genotype 1-3 Infections. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 19:195-198.e2. [PMID: 31706062 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2019.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus infection is causing chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. By combining direct-acting antivirals (DAAs), high sustained virologic response rates (SVRs) can be achieved. Resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) are commonly observed after DAA failure, and especially nonstructural protein 5A (NS5A) RASs may impact retreatment options.1-3 Data on retreatment of DAA failure patients using first-generation DAAs are limited.4-7 Recently, a second-generation protease- and NS5A-inhibitor plus sofosbuvir (voxilaprevir/velpatasvir/sofosbuvir [VOX/VEL/SOF]) was approved for retreatment after DAA failure.8 However, this and other second-generation regimens are not available in many resource-limited countries or are not reimbursed by regular insurance, and recommendations regarding the selection of retreatment regimens using first-generation DAAs are very important. This study aimed to analyze patients who were re-treated with first-generation DAAs after failure of a DAA combination therapy.
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Thomale UW, Auer C, Spennato P, Schaumann A, Behrens P, Gorelyshev S, Bogoslovskaia E, Shulaev A, Kabanian A, Seliverstov A, Alexeev A, Ozgural O, Kahilogullari G, Schuhmann M, Jimenez-Guerra R, Wittayanakorn N, Sukharev A, Marquez-Rivas J, Linsler S, Damaty AE, Vacek P, Lovha M, Guzman R, Stricker S, Beez T, Wiegand C, Azab M, Buis D, Sáez M, Fleck S, Dziugan C, Ferreira A, Radovnicky T, Bührer C, Lam S, Sgouros S, Roth J, Constantini S, Cavalheiro S, Cinalli G, Kulkarni AV, Bock HC. TROPHY registry - status report. Childs Nerv Syst 2021; 37:3549-3554. [PMID: 34184098 PMCID: PMC8578079 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-021-05258-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The TROPHY registry has been established to conduct an international multicenter prospective data collection on the surgical management of neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH)-related hydrocephalus to possibly contribute to future guidelines. The registry allows comparing the techniques established to treat hydrocephalus, such as external ventricular drainage (EVD), ventricular access device (VAD), ventricular subgaleal shunt (VSGS), and neuroendoscopic lavage (NEL). This first status report of the registry presents the results of the standard of care survey of participating centers assessed upon online registration. METHODS On the standard of treatment forms, each center indicated the institutional protocol of interventions performed for neonatal post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus (nPHH) for a time period of 2 years (Y1 and Y2) before starting the active participation in the registry. In addition, the amount of patients enrolled so far and allocated to a treatment approach are reported. RESULTS According to the standard of treatment forms completed by 56 registered centers, fewer EVDs (Y1 55% Y2 46%) were used while more centers have implemented NEL (Y1 39%; Y2 52%) to treat nPHH. VAD (Y1 66%; Y2 66%) and VSGS (Y1 42%; Y2 41%) were used at a consistent rate during the 2 years. The majority of the centers used at least two different techniques to treat nPHH (43%), while 27% used only one technique, 21% used three, and 7% used even four different techniques. Patient data of 110 infants treated surgically between 9/2018 and 2/2021 (13% EVD, 15% VAD, 30% VSGS, and 43% NEL) were contributed by 29 centers. CONCLUSIONS Our results emphasize the varying strategies used for the treatment of nPHH. The international TROPHY registry has entered into a phase of growing patient recruitment. Further evaluation will be performed and published according to the registry protocol.
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Kopal A, Dusek P, Brichova M, Roth J, Ulmanova O, Klempir J, Preiningerova JL. Structural and functional parameters of retina in patients with Huntington's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2020.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Hassel J, Wiecken M, Hülsmeyer I, Roth J, Eurich R, Machiraju D. 1126P Prediction of clinical outcome by soluble immune checkpoints and T cell subsets in patients treated with immune checkpoint blockers for metastasized melanoma. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.1249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Spinoit AF, Roth J, Waterschoot M, Hoebeke P, Monstrey S, Buncamper M, Verla W, Waterloos M, Sinatti C, Lumen N. Metoidioplasty followed by secondary phalloplasty: The way to fewer complications? EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)34258-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Hommers L, Scherf-Clavel M, Strempel R, Roth J, Hohner M, Pfuhlmann B, Mattheisen M, Deckert J, Gawlik M, Unterecker S. Antipsychotics in routine treatment are minor contributors to QTc prolongation compared to genetics and age. PHARMACOPSYCHIATRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-3403007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Dankner R, Roth J. More recent, better designed studies have weakened links between antidiabetes medications and cancer risk. Diabet Med 2020; 37:194-202. [PMID: 31769894 DOI: 10.1111/dme.14179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An increasing number of studies have investigated associations of antidiabetes medications with cancer risk. Antidiabetes medications are classified by their mechanisms of action on tissues and organs. They potentially act as both causative and confounding factors in the temporal association of diabetes and cancer. AIM To present the current evidence regarding both the carcinogenic and anti-carcinogenic effects of antidiabetes medications on cancer in humans. METHODS A review of the scientific literature. RESULTS The most conclusive evidence shown of an association of antidiabetes medication with a specific cancer was for that of the thiazolidinedione pioglitazone with bladder cancer. Currently, there is inconclusive evidence regarding a possible association of incretin therapies, drugs of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor class, with the risk of pancreatic cancer. Insulin, sulfonylureas, metformin and sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors appear not to be associated with increased risk of any cancer. Sparse evidence suggests possible protective effects against cancer incidence of metformin, sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, incretin-based drugs and sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors. CONCLUSION The conflicting evidence regarding associations of antidiabetes medications with cancer risk is apparently attributable to both methodological issues and to the complexity of the subject. More recent and better-designed studies have weakened the evidence for links between antidiabetes medications and cancer risk.
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Gay C, Diao L, Stewart C, Xi Y, Cardnell R, Swisher S, Roth J, Glisson B, Wang J, Heymach J, Byers L. OA03.06 ASCL1, NEUROD1, and POU2F3 Drive Distinct Subtypes of Small Cell Lung Cancer with Unique Therapeutic Vulnerabilities. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Shi Q, Williams L, El Ferjani B, Hirschmann M, Ponce D, Dibaj S, Chandwani S, Roarty E, Rinsurongkawong W, Lewis J, Burke T, Cleeland C, Lee J, Roth J, Swisher S, Heymach J, Zhang J, Simon G. P1.16-31 Body Mass Index Relating to Patient-Reported Symptoms in First-Line Treatment of Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.1257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Negrao M, Skoulidis F, Montesion M, Schulze K, Bara I, Shen V, Hu S, Elamin Y, Le X, Goldberg M, Wu C, Zhang J, Barreto D, Rinsurongkawong W, Simon G, Roth J, Swisher S, Lee J, Tsao A, Papadimitrakopoulou V, Gibbons D, Glisson B, Miller V, Alexander B, Frampton G, Albacker L, Shames D, Zhang J, Heymach J. MA03.05 BRAF Mutations Are Associated with Increased Benefit from PD1/PDL1 Blockade Compared with Other Oncogenic Drivers in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Sepesi B, Cascone T, William W, Lin H, Leung C, Weissferdt A, Walsh G, Rice D, Roth J, Mehran R, Hofstetter W, Antonoff M, Fossella F, Mott F, Le X, Skoulidis F, Zhang J, Byers L, Lam V, Glisson B, Kurie J, Blumenschein G, Tsao A, Lu C, Altan M, Elamin Y, Gibbons D, Papadimitrakopoulou V, Lee J, Heymach J, Vaporciyan A, Swisher S. OA13.06 Surgical Outcomes Following Neoadjuvant Nivolumab or Nivolumab Plus Ipilimumab in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer - NEOSTAR Study. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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