Reference Citation Analysis: Find an Article, Find a Category, Find a Journal, Find a Scholar

Total Articles

147
(from Reference Citation Analysis)

Article PDFs (1)

Cited by > 0 (113)

Searched Name

N. Hunt

Ranked By

Results Analysis

Year Published Analysis
Article Type Analysis
Publication Title Analysis
Category Analysis

Results Analysis

Number	Citation Analysis
1	Staplin N, Haynes R, Judge PK, Wanner C, Green JB, Emberson J, Preiss D, Mayne KJ, Ng SYA, Sammons E, Zhu D, Hill M, Stevens W, Wallendszus K, Brenner S, Cheung AK, Liu ZH, Li J, Hooi LS, Liu WJ, Kadowaki T, Nangaku M, Levin A, Cherney D, Maggioni AP, Pontremoli R, Deo R, Goto S, Rossello X, Tuttle KR, Steubl D, Petrini M, Seidi S, Landray MJ, Baigent C, Herrington WG, Abat S, Abd Rahman R, Abdul Cader R, Abdul Hafidz MI, Abdul Wahab MZ, Abdullah NK, Abdul-Samad T, Abe M, Abraham N, Acheampong S, Achiri P, Acosta JA, Adeleke A, Adell V, Adewuyi-Dalton R, Adnan N, Africano A, Agharazii M, Aguilar F, Aguilera A, Ahmad M, Ahmad MK, Ahmad NA, Ahmad NH, Ahmad NI, Ahmad Miswan N, Ahmad Rosdi H, Ahmed I, Ahmed S, Ahmed S, Aiello J, Aitken A, AitSadi R, Aker S, Akimoto S, Akinfolarin A, Akram S, Alberici F, Albert C, Aldrich L, Alegata M, Alexander L, Alfaress S, Alhadj Ali M, Ali A, Ali A, Alicic R, Aliu A, Almaraz R, Almasarwah R, Almeida J, Aloisi A, Al-Rabadi L, Alscher D, Alvarez P, Al-Zeer B, Amat M, Ambrose C, Ammar H, An Y, Andriaccio L, Ansu K, Apostolidi A, Arai N, Araki H, Araki S, Arbi A, Arechiga O, Armstrong S, Arnold T, Aronoff S, Arriaga W, Arroyo J, Arteaga D, Asahara S, Asai A, Asai N, Asano S, Asawa M, Asmee MF, Aucella F, Augustin M, Avery A, Awad A, Awang IY, Awazawa M, Axler A, Ayub W, Azhari Z, Baccaro R, Badin C, Bagwell B, Bahlmann-Kroll E, Bahtar AZ, Baigent C, Bains D, Bajaj H, Baker R, Baldini E, Banas B, Banerjee D, Banno S, Bansal S, Barberi S, Barnes S, Barnini C, Barot C, Barrett K, Barrios R, Bartolomei Mecatti B, Barton I, Barton J, Basily W, Bavanandan S, Baxter A, Becker L, Beddhu S, Beige J, Beigh S, Bell S, Benck U, Beneat A, Bennett A, Bennett D, Benyon S, Berdeprado J, Bergler T, Bergner A, Berry M, Bevilacqua M, Bhairoo J, Bhandari S, Bhandary N, Bhatt A, Bhattarai M, Bhavsar M, Bian W, Bianchini F, Bianco S, Bilous R, Bilton J, Bilucaglia D, Bird C, Birudaraju D, Biscoveanu M, Blake C, Bleakley N, Bocchicchia K, Bodine S, Bodington R, Boedecker S, Bolduc M, Bolton S, Bond C, Boreky F, Boren K, Bouchi R, Bough L, Bovan D, Bowler C, Bowman L, Brar N, Braun C, Breach A, Breitenfeldt M, Brenner S, Brettschneider B, Brewer A, Brewer G, Brindle V, Brioni E, Brown C, Brown H, Brown L, Brown R, Brown S, Browne D, Bruce K, Brueckmann M, Brunskill N, Bryant M, Brzoska M, Bu Y, Buckman C, Budoff M, Bullen M, Burke A, Burnette S, Burston C, Busch M, Bushnell J, Butler S, Büttner C, Byrne C, Caamano A, Cadorna J, Cafiero C, Cagle M, Cai J, Calabrese K, Calvi C, Camilleri B, Camp S, Campbell D, Campbell R, Cao H, Capelli I, Caple M, Caplin B, Cardone A, Carle J, Carnall V, Caroppo M, Carr S, Carraro G, Carson M, Casares P, Castillo C, Castro C, Caudill B, Cejka V, Ceseri M, Cham L, Chamberlain A, Chambers J, Chan CBT, Chan JYM, Chan YC, Chang E, Chang E, Chant T, Chavagnon T, Chellamuthu P, Chen F, Chen J, Chen P, Chen TM, Chen Y, Chen Y, Cheng C, Cheng H, Cheng MC, Cherney D, Cheung AK, Ching CH, Chitalia N, Choksi R, Chukwu C, Chung K, Cianciolo G, Cipressa L, Clark S, Clarke H, Clarke R, Clarke S, Cleveland B, Cole E, Coles H, Condurache L, Connor A, Convery K, Cooper A, Cooper N, Cooper Z, Cooperman L, Cosgrove L, Coutts P, Cowley A, Craik R, Cui G, Cummins T, Dahl N, Dai H, Dajani L, D'Amelio A, Damian E, Damianik K, Danel L, Daniels C, Daniels T, Darbeau S, Darius H, Dasgupta T, Davies J, Davies L, Davis A, Davis J, Davis L, Dayanandan R, Dayi S, Dayrell R, De Nicola L, Debnath S, Deeb W, Degenhardt S, DeGoursey K, Delaney M, Deo R, DeRaad R, Derebail V, Dev D, Devaux M, Dhall P, Dhillon G, Dienes J, Dobre M, Doctolero E, Dodds V, Domingo D, Donaldson D, Donaldson P, Donhauser C, Donley V, Dorestin S, Dorey S, Doulton T, Draganova D, Draxlbauer K, Driver F, Du H, Dube F, Duck T, Dugal T, Dugas J, Dukka H, Dumann H, Durham W, Dursch M, Dykas R, Easow R, Eckrich E, Eden G, Edmerson E, Edwards H, Ee LW, Eguchi J, Ehrl Y, Eichstadt K, Eid W, Eilerman B, Ejima Y, Eldon H, Ellam T, Elliott L, Ellison R, Emberson J, Epp R, Er A, Espino-Obrero M, Estcourt S, Estienne L, Evans G, Evans J, Evans S, Fabbri G, Fajardo-Moser M, Falcone C, Fani F, Faria-Shayler P, Farnia F, Farrugia D, Fechter M, Fellowes D, Feng F, Fernandez J, Ferraro P, Field A, Fikry S, Finch J, Finn H, Fioretto P, Fish R, Fleischer A, Fleming-Brown D, Fletcher L, Flora R, Foellinger C, Foligno N, Forest S, Forghani Z, Forsyth K, Fottrell-Gould D, Fox P, Frankel A, Fraser D, Frazier R, Frederick K, Freking N, French H, Froment A, Fuchs B, Fuessl L, Fujii H, Fujimoto A, Fujita A, Fujita K, Fujita Y, Fukagawa M, Fukao Y, Fukasawa A, Fuller T, Funayama T, Fung E, Furukawa M, Furukawa Y, Furusho M, Gabel S, Gaidu J, Gaiser S, Gallo K, Galloway C, Gambaro G, Gan CC, Gangemi C, Gao M, Garcia K, Garcia M, Garofalo C, Garrity M, Garza A, Gasko S, Gavrila M, Gebeyehu B, Geddes A, Gentile G, George A, George J, Gesualdo L, Ghalli F, Ghanem A, Ghate T, Ghavampour S, Ghazi A, Gherman A, Giebeln-Hudnell U, Gill B, Gillham S, Girakossyan I, Girndt M, Giuffrida A, Glenwright M, Glider T, Gloria R, Glowski D, Goh BL, Goh CB, Gohda T, Goldenberg R, Goldfaden R, Goldsmith C, Golson B, Gonce V, Gong Q, Goodenough B, Goodwin N, Goonasekera M, Gordon A, Gordon J, Gore A, Goto H, Goto S, Goto S, Gowen D, Grace A, Graham J, Grandaliano G, Gray M, Green JB, Greene T, Greenwood G, Grewal B, Grifa R, Griffin D, Griffin S, Grimmer P, Grobovaite E, Grotjahn S, Guerini A, Guest C, Gunda S, Guo B, Guo Q, Haack S, Haase M, Haaser K, Habuki K, Hadley A, Hagan S, Hagge S, Haller H, Ham S, Hamal S, Hamamoto Y, Hamano N, Hamm M, Hanburry A, Haneda M, Hanf C, Hanif W, Hansen J, Hanson L, Hantel S, Haraguchi T, Harding E, Harding T, Hardy C, Hartner C, Harun Z, Harvill L, Hasan A, Hase H, Hasegawa F, Hasegawa T, Hashimoto A, Hashimoto C, Hashimoto M, Hashimoto S, Haskett S, Hauske SJ, Hawfield A, Hayami T, Hayashi M, Hayashi S, Haynes R, Hazara A, Healy C, Hecktman J, Heine G, Henderson H, Henschel R, Hepditch A, Herfurth K, Hernandez G, Hernandez Pena A, Hernandez-Cassis C, Herrington WG, Herzog C, Hewins S, Hewitt D, Hichkad L, Higashi S, Higuchi C, Hill C, Hill L, Hill M, Himeno T, Hing A, Hirakawa Y, Hirata K, Hirota Y, Hisatake T, Hitchcock S, Hodakowski A, Hodge W, Hogan R, Hohenstatt U, Hohenstein B, Hooi L, Hope S, Hopley M, Horikawa S, Hosein D, Hosooka T, Hou L, Hou W, Howie L, Howson A, Hozak M, Htet Z, Hu X, Hu Y, Huang J, Huda N, Hudig L, Hudson A, Hugo C, Hull R, Hume L, Hundei W, Hunt N, Hunter A, Hurley S, Hurst A, Hutchinson C, Hyo T, Ibrahim FH, Ibrahim S, Ihana N, Ikeda T, Imai A, Imamine R, Inamori A, Inazawa H, Ingell J, Inomata K, Inukai Y, Ioka M, Irtiza-Ali A, Isakova T, Isari W, Iselt M, Ishiguro A, Ishihara K, Ishikawa T, Ishimoto T, Ishizuka K, Ismail R, Itano S, Ito H, Ito K, Ito M, Ito Y, Iwagaitsu S, Iwaita Y, Iwakura T, Iwamoto M, Iwasa M, Iwasaki H, Iwasaki S, Izumi K, Izumi K, Izumi T, Jaafar SM, Jackson C, Jackson Y, Jafari G, Jahangiriesmaili M, Jain N, Jansson K, Jasim H, Jeffers L, Jenkins A, Jesky M, Jesus-Silva J, Jeyarajah D, Jiang Y, Jiao X, Jimenez G, Jin B, Jin Q, Jochims J, Johns B, Johnson C, Johnson T, Jolly S, Jones L, Jones L, Jones S, Jones T, Jones V, Joseph M, Joshi S, Judge P, Junejo N, Junus S, Kachele M, Kadowaki T, Kadoya H, Kaga H, Kai H, Kajio H, Kaluza-Schilling W, Kamaruzaman L, Kamarzarian A, Kamimura Y, Kamiya H, Kamundi C, Kan T, Kanaguchi Y, Kanazawa A, Kanda E, Kanegae S, Kaneko K, Kaneko K, Kang HY, Kano T, Karim M, Karounos D, Karsan W, Kasagi R, Kashihara N, Katagiri H, Katanosaka A, Katayama A, Katayama M, Katiman E, Kato K, Kato M, Kato N, Kato S, Kato T, Kato Y, Katsuda Y, Katsuno T, Kaufeld J, Kavak Y, Kawai I, Kawai M, Kawai M, Kawase A, Kawashima S, Kazory A, Kearney J, Keith B, Kellett J, Kelley S, Kershaw M, Ketteler M, Khai Q, Khairullah Q, Khandwala H, Khoo KKL, Khwaja A, Kidokoro K, Kielstein J, Kihara M, Kimber C, Kimura S, Kinashi H, Kingston H, Kinomura M, Kinsella-Perks E, Kitagawa M, Kitajima M, Kitamura S, Kiyosue A, Kiyota M, Klauser F, Klausmann G, Kmietschak W, Knapp K, Knight C, Knoppe A, Knott C, Kobayashi M, Kobayashi R, Kobayashi T, Koch M, Kodama S, Kodani N, Kogure E, Koizumi M, Kojima H, Kojo T, Kolhe N, Komaba H, Komiya T, Komori H, Kon SP, Kondo M, Kondo M, Kong W, Konishi M, Kono K, Koshino M, Kosugi T, Kothapalli B, Kozlowski T, Kraemer B, Kraemer-Guth A, Krappe J, Kraus D, Kriatselis C, Krieger C, Krish P, Kruger B, Ku Md Razi KR, Kuan Y, Kubota S, Kuhn S, Kumar P, Kume S, Kummer I, Kumuji R, Küpper A, Kuramae T, Kurian L, Kuribayashi C, Kurien R, Kuroda E, Kurose T, Kutschat A, Kuwabara N, Kuwata H, La Manna G, Lacey M, Lafferty K, LaFleur P, Lai V, Laity E, Lambert A, Landray MJ, Langlois M, Latif F, Latore E, Laundy E, Laurienti D, Lawson A, Lay M, Leal I, Leal I, Lee AK, Lee J, Lee KQ, Lee R, Lee SA, Lee YY, Lee-Barkey Y, Leonard N, Leoncini G, Leong CM, Lerario S, Leslie A, Levin A, Lewington A, Li J, Li N, Li X, Li Y, Liberti L, Liberti ME, Liew A, Liew YF, Lilavivat U, Lim SK, Lim YS, Limon E, Lin H, Lioudaki E, Liu H, Liu J, Liu L, Liu Q, Liu WJ, Liu X, Liu Z, Loader D, Lochhead H, Loh CL, Lorimer A, Loudermilk L, Loutan J, Low CK, Low CL, Low YM, Lozon Z, Lu Y, Lucci D, Ludwig U, Luker N, Lund D, Lustig R, Lyle S, Macdonald C, MacDougall I, Machicado R, MacLean D, Macleod P, Madera A, Madore F, Maeda K, Maegawa H, Maeno S, Mafham M, Magee J, Maggioni AP, Mah DY, Mahabadi V, Maiguma M, Makita Y, Makos G, Manco L, Mangiacapra R, Manley J, Mann P, Mano S, Marcotte G, Maris J, Mark P, Markau S, Markovic M, Marshall C, Martin M, Martinez C, Martinez S, Martins G, Maruyama K, Maruyama S, Marx K, Maselli A, Masengu A, Maskill A, Masumoto S, Masutani K, Matsumoto M, Matsunaga T, Matsuoka N, Matsushita M, Matthews M, Matthias S, Matvienko E, Maurer M, Maxwell P, Mayne KJ, Mazlan N, Mazlan SA, Mbuyisa A, McCafferty K, McCarroll F, McCarthy T, McClary-Wright C, McCray K, McDermott P, McDonald C, McDougall R, McHaffie E, McIntosh K, McKinley T, McLaughlin S, McLean N, McNeil L, Measor A, Meek J, Mehta A, Mehta R, Melandri M, Mené P, Meng T, Menne J, Merritt K, Merscher S, Meshykhi C, Messa P, Messinger L, Miftari N, Miller R, Miller Y, Miller-Hodges E, Minatoguchi M, Miners M, Minutolo R, Mita T, Miura Y, Miyaji M, Miyamoto S, Miyatsuka T, Miyazaki M, Miyazawa I, Mizumachi R, Mizuno M, Moffat S, Mohamad Nor FS, Mohamad Zaini SN, Mohamed Affandi FA, Mohandas C, Mohd R, Mohd Fauzi NA, Mohd Sharif NH, Mohd Yusoff Y, Moist L, Moncada A, Montasser M, Moon A, Moran C, Morgan N, Moriarty J, Morig G, Morinaga H, Morino K, Morisaki T, Morishita Y, Morlok S, Morris A, Morris F, Mostafa S, Mostefai Y, Motegi M, Motherwell N, Motta D, Mottl A, Moys R, Mozaffari S, Muir J, Mulhern J, Mulligan S, Munakata Y, Murakami C, Murakoshi M, Murawska A, Murphy K, Murphy L, Murray S, Murtagh H, Musa MA, Mushahar L, Mustafa R, Mustafar R, Muto M, Nadar E, Nagano R, Nagasawa T, Nagashima E, Nagasu H, Nagelberg S, Nair H, Nakagawa Y, Nakahara M, Nakamura J, Nakamura R, Nakamura T, Nakaoka M, Nakashima E, Nakata J, Nakata M, Nakatani S, Nakatsuka A, Nakayama Y, Nakhoul G, Nangaku M, Naverrete G, Navivala A, Nazeer I, Negrea L, Nethaji C, Newman E, Ng SYA, Ng TJ, Ngu LLS, Nimbkar T, Nishi H, Nishi M, Nishi S, Nishida Y, Nishiyama A, Niu J, Niu P, Nobili G, Nohara N, Nojima I, Nolan J, Nosseir H, Nozawa M, Nunn M, Nunokawa S, Oda M, Oe M, Oe Y, Ogane K, Ogawa W, Ogihara T, Oguchi G, Ohsugi M, Oishi K, Okada Y, Okajyo J, Okamoto S, Okamura K, Olufuwa O, Oluyombo R, Omata A, Omori Y, Ong LM, Ong YC, Onyema J, Oomatia A, Oommen A, Oremus R, Orimo Y, Ortalda V, Osaki Y, Osawa Y, Osmond Foster J, O'Sullivan A, Otani T, Othman N, Otomo S, O'Toole J, Owen L, Ozawa T, Padiyar A, Page N, Pajak S, Paliege A, Pandey A, Pandey R, Pariani H, Park J, Parrigon M, Passauer J, Patecki M, Patel M, Patel R, Patel T, Patel Z, Paul R, Paul R, Paulsen L, Pavone L, Peixoto A, Peji J, Peng BC, Peng K, Pennino L, Pereira E, Perez E, Pergola P, Pesce F, Pessolano G, Petchey W, Petr EJ, Pfab T, Phelan P, Phillips R, Phillips T, Phipps M, Piccinni G, Pickett T, Pickworth S, Piemontese M, Pinto D, Piper J, Plummer-Morgan J, Poehler D, Polese L, Poma V, Pontremoli R, Postal A, Pötz C, Power A, Pradhan N, Pradhan R, Preiss D, Preiss E, Preston K, Prib N, Price L, Provenzano C, Pugay C, Pulido R, Putz F, Qiao Y, Quartagno R, Quashie-Akponeware M, Rabara R, Rabasa-Lhoret R, Radhakrishnan D, Radley M, Raff R, Raguwaran S, Rahbari-Oskoui F, Rahman M, Rahmat K, Ramadoss S, Ramanaidu S, Ramasamy S, Ramli R, Ramli S, Ramsey T, Rankin A, Rashidi A, Raymond L, Razali WAFA, Read K, Reiner H, Reisler A, Reith C, Renner J, Rettenmaier B, Richmond L, Rijos D, Rivera R, Rivers V, Robinson H, Rocco M, Rodriguez-Bachiller I, Rodriquez R, Roesch C, Roesch J, Rogers J, Rohnstock M, Rolfsmeier S, Roman M, Romo A, Rosati A, Rosenberg S, Ross T, Rossello X, Roura M, Roussel M, Rovner S, Roy S, Rucker S, Rump L, Ruocco M, Ruse S, Russo F, Russo M, Ryder M, Sabarai A, Saccà C, Sachson R, Sadler E, Safiee NS, Sahani M, Saillant A, Saini J, Saito C, Saito S, Sakaguchi K, Sakai M, Salim H, Salviani C, Sammons E, Sampson A, Samson F, Sandercock P, Sanguila S, Santorelli G, Santoro D, Sarabu N, Saram T, Sardell R, Sasajima H, Sasaki T, Satko S, Sato A, Sato D, Sato H, Sato H, Sato J, Sato T, Sato Y, Satoh M, Sawada K, Schanz M, Scheidemantel F, Schemmelmann M, Schettler E, Schettler V, Schlieper GR, Schmidt C, Schmidt G, Schmidt U, Schmidt-Gurtler H, Schmude M, Schneider A, Schneider I, Schneider-Danwitz C, Schomig M, Schramm T, Schreiber A, Schricker S, Schroppel B, Schulte-Kemna L, Schulz E, Schumacher B, Schuster A, Schwab A, Scolari F, Scott A, Seeger W, Seeger W, Segal M, Seifert L, Seifert M, Sekiya M, Sellars R, Seman MR, Shah S, Shah S, Shainberg L, Shanmuganathan M, Shao F, Sharma K, Sharpe C, Sheikh-Ali M, Sheldon J, Shenton C, Shepherd A, Shepperd M, Sheridan R, Sheriff Z, Shibata Y, Shigehara T, Shikata K, Shimamura K, Shimano H, Shimizu Y, Shimoda H, Shin K, Shivashankar G, Shojima N, Silva R, Sim CSB, Simmons K, Sinha S, Sitter T, Sivanandam S, Skipper M, Sloan K, Sloan L, Smith R, Smyth J, Sobande T, Sobata M, Somalanka S, Song X, Sonntag F, Sood B, Sor SY, Soufer J, Sparks H, Spatoliatore G, Spinola T, Squyres S, Srivastava A, Stanfield J, Staplin N, Staylor K, Steele A, Steen O, Steffl D, Stegbauer J, Stellbrink C, Stellbrink E, Stevens W, Stevenson A, Stewart-Ray V, Stickley J, Stoffler D, Stratmann B, Streitenberger S, Strutz F, Stubbs J, Stumpf J, Suazo N, Suchinda P, Suckling R, Sudin A, Sugamori K, Sugawara H, Sugawara K, Sugimoto D, Sugiyama H, Sugiyama H, Sugiyama T, Sullivan M, Sumi M, Suresh N, Sutton D, Suzuki H, Suzuki R, Suzuki Y, Suzuki Y, Suzuki Y, Swanson E, Swift P, Syed S, Szerlip H, Taal M, Taddeo M, Tailor C, Tajima K, Takagi M, Takahashi K, Takahashi K, Takahashi M, Takahashi T, Takahira E, Takai T, Takaoka M, Takeoka J, Takesada A, Takezawa M, Talbot M, Taliercio J, Talsania T, Tamori Y, Tamura R, Tamura Y, Tan CHH, Tan EZZ, Tanabe A, Tanabe K, Tanaka A, Tanaka A, Tanaka N, Tang S, Tang Z, Tanigaki K, Tarlac M, Tatsuzawa A, Tay JF, Tay LL, Taylor J, Taylor K, Taylor K, Te A, Tenbusch L, Teng KS, Terakawa A, Terry J, Tham ZD, Tholl S, Thomas G, Thong KM, Tietjen D, Timadjer A, Tindall H, Tipper S, Tobin K, Toda N, Tokuyama A, Tolibas M, Tomita A, Tomita T, Tomlinson J, Tonks L, Topf J, Topping S, Torp A, Torres A, Totaro F, Toth P, Toyonaga Y, Tripodi F, Trivedi K, Tropman E, Tschope D, Tse J, Tsuji K, Tsunekawa S, Tsunoda R, Tucky B, Tufail S, Tuffaha A, Turan E, Turner H, Turner J, Turner M, Tuttle KR, Tye YL, Tyler A, Tyler J, Uchi H, Uchida H, Uchida T, Uchida T, Udagawa T, Ueda S, Ueda Y, Ueki K, Ugni S, Ugwu E, Umeno R, Unekawa C, Uozumi K, Urquia K, Valleteau A, Valletta C, van Erp R, Vanhoy C, Varad V, Varma R, Varughese A, Vasquez P, Vasseur A, Veelken R, Velagapudi C, Verdel K, Vettoretti S, Vezzoli G, Vielhauer V, Viera R, Vilar E, Villaruel S, Vinall L, Vinathan J, Visnjic M, Voigt E, von-Eynatten M, Vourvou M, Wada J, Wada J, Wada T, Wada Y, Wakayama K, Wakita Y, Wallendszus K, Walters T, Wan Mohamad WH, Wang L, Wang W, Wang X, Wang X, Wang Y, Wanner C, Wanninayake S, Watada H, Watanabe K, Watanabe K, Watanabe M, Waterfall H, Watkins D, Watson S, Weaving L, Weber B, Webley Y, Webster A, Webster M, Weetman M, Wei W, Weihprecht H, Weiland L, Weinmann-Menke J, Weinreich T, Wendt R, Weng Y, Whalen M, Whalley G, Wheatley R, Wheeler A, Wheeler J, Whelton P, White K, Whitmore B, Whittaker S, Wiebel J, Wiley J, Wilkinson L, Willett M, Williams A, Williams E, Williams K, Williams T, Wilson A, Wilson P, Wincott L, Wines E, Winkelmann B, Winkler M, Winter-Goodwin B, Witczak J, Wittes J, Wittmann M, Wolf G, Wolf L, Wolfling R, Wong C, Wong E, Wong HS, Wong LW, Wong YH, Wonnacott A, Wood A, Wood L, Woodhouse H, Wooding N, Woodman A, Wren K, Wu J, Wu P, Xia S, Xiao H, Xiao X, Xie Y, Xu C, Xu Y, Xue H, Yahaya H, Yalamanchili H, Yamada A, Yamada N, Yamagata K, Yamaguchi M, Yamaji Y, Yamamoto A, Yamamoto S, Yamamoto S, Yamamoto T, Yamanaka A, Yamano T, Yamanouchi Y, Yamasaki N, Yamasaki Y, Yamasaki Y, Yamashita C, Yamauchi T, Yan Q, Yanagisawa E, Yang F, Yang L, Yano S, Yao S, Yao Y, Yarlagadda S, Yasuda Y, Yiu V, Yokoyama T, Yoshida S, Yoshidome E, Yoshikawa H, Young A, Young T, Yousif V, Yu H, Yu Y, Yuasa K, Yusof N, Zalunardo N, Zander B, Zani R, Zappulo F, Zayed M, Zemann B, Zettergren P, Zhang H, Zhang L, Zhang L, Zhang N, Zhang X, Zhao J, Zhao L, Zhao S, Zhao Z, Zhong H, Zhou N, Zhou S, Zhu D, Zhu L, Zhu S, Zietz M, Zippo M, Zirino F, Zulkipli FH. Effects of empagliflozin on progression of chronic kidney disease: a prespecified secondary analysis from the empa-kidney trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2024;12:39-50. [PMID: 38061371 PMCID: PMC7615591 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(23)00321-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Abstract BACKGROUND Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce progression of chronic kidney disease and the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in a wide range of patients. However, their effects on kidney disease progression in some patients with chronic kidney disease are unclear because few clinical kidney outcomes occurred among such patients in the completed trials. In particular, some guidelines stratify their level of recommendation about who should be treated with SGLT2 inhibitors based on diabetes status and albuminuria. We aimed to assess the effects of empagliflozin on progression of chronic kidney disease both overall and among specific types of participants in the EMPA-KIDNEY trial. METHODS EMPA-KIDNEY, a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial, was conducted at 241 centres in eight countries (Canada, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, the UK, and the USA), and included individuals aged 18 years or older with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 20 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or with an eGFR of 45 to less than 90 mL/min per 1·73 m2 with a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) of 200 mg/g or higher. We explored the effects of 10 mg oral empagliflozin once daily versus placebo on the annualised rate of change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR slope), a tertiary outcome. We studied the acute slope (from randomisation to 2 months) and chronic slope (from 2 months onwards) separately, using shared parameter models to estimate the latter. Analyses were done in all randomly assigned participants by intention to treat. EMPA-KIDNEY is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03594110. FINDINGS Between May 15, 2019, and April 16, 2021, 6609 participants were randomly assigned and then followed up for a median of 2·0 years (IQR 1·5-2·4). Prespecified subgroups of eGFR included 2282 (34·5%) participants with an eGFR of less than 30 mL/min per 1·73 m2, 2928 (44·3%) with an eGFR of 30 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, and 1399 (21·2%) with an eGFR 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2 or higher. Prespecified subgroups of uACR included 1328 (20·1%) with a uACR of less than 30 mg/g, 1864 (28·2%) with a uACR of 30 to 300 mg/g, and 3417 (51·7%) with a uACR of more than 300 mg/g. Overall, allocation to empagliflozin caused an acute 2·12 mL/min per 1·73 m2 (95% CI 1·83-2·41) reduction in eGFR, equivalent to a 6% (5-6) dip in the first 2 months. After this, it halved the chronic slope from -2·75 to -1·37 mL/min per 1·73 m2 per year (relative difference 50%, 95% CI 42-58). The absolute and relative benefits of empagliflozin on the magnitude of the chronic slope varied significantly depending on diabetes status and baseline levels of eGFR and uACR. In particular, the absolute difference in chronic slopes was lower in patients with lower baseline uACR, but because this group progressed more slowly than those with higher uACR, this translated to a larger relative difference in chronic slopes in this group (86% [36-136] reduction in the chronic slope among those with baseline uACR <30 mg/g compared with a 29% [19-38] reduction for those with baseline uACR ≥2000 mg/g; ptrend<0·0001). INTERPRETATION Empagliflozin slowed the rate of progression of chronic kidney disease among all types of participant in the EMPA-KIDNEY trial, including those with little albuminuria. Albuminuria alone should not be used to determine whether to treat with an SGLT2 inhibitor. FUNDING Boehringer Ingelheim and Eli Lilly. Collapse Key Words Collapse MESH Headings Humans Albuminuria/drug therapy Albuminuria/complications Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy Kidney Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/drug therapy Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors/adverse effects Glomerular Filtration Rate Collapse Grants MC_UU_00017/3 Medical Research Council MR/R007764/1 Medical Research Council Collapse
2	Judge PK, Staplin N, Mayne KJ, Wanner C, Green JB, Hauske SJ, Emberson JR, Preiss D, Ng SYA, Roddick AJ, Sammons E, Zhu D, Hill M, Stevens W, Wallendszus K, Brenner S, Cheung AK, Liu ZH, Li J, Hooi LS, Liu WJ, Kadowaki T, Nangaku M, Levin A, Cherney D, Maggioni AP, Pontremoli R, Deo R, Goto S, Rossello X, Tuttle KR, Steubl D, Massey D, Landray MJ, Baigent C, Haynes R, Herrington WG, Abat S, Abd Rahman R, Abdul Cader R, Abdul Hafidz MI, Abdul Wahab MZ, Abdullah NK, Abdul-Samad T, Abe M, Abraham N, Acheampong S, Achiri P, Acosta JA, Adeleke A, Adell V, Adewuyi-Dalton R, Adnan N, Africano A, Agharazii M, Aguilar F, Aguilera A, Ahmad M, Ahmad MK, Ahmad NA, Ahmad NH, Ahmad NI, Ahmad Miswan N, Ahmad Rosdi H, Ahmed I, Ahmed S, Ahmed S, Aiello J, Aitken A, AitSadi R, Aker S, Akimoto S, Akinfolarin A, Akram S, Alberici F, Albert C, Aldrich L, Alegata M, Alexander L, Alfaress S, Alhadj Ali M, Ali A, Ali A, Alicic R, Aliu A, Almaraz R, Almasarwah R, Almeida J, Aloisi A, Al-Rabadi L, Alscher D, Alvarez P, Al-Zeer B, Amat M, Ambrose C, Ammar H, An Y, Andriaccio L, Ansu K, Apostolidi A, Arai N, Araki H, Araki S, Arbi A, Arechiga O, Armstrong S, Arnold T, Aronoff S, Arriaga W, Arroyo J, Arteaga D, Asahara S, Asai A, Asai N, Asano S, Asawa M, Asmee MF, Aucella F, Augustin M, Avery A, Awad A, Awang IY, Awazawa M, Axler A, Ayub W, Azhari Z, Baccaro R, Badin C, Bagwell B, Bahlmann-Kroll E, Bahtar AZ, Baigent C, Bains D, Bajaj H, Baker R, Baldini E, Banas B, Banerjee D, Banno S, Bansal S, Barberi S, Barnes S, Barnini C, Barot C, Barrett K, Barrios R, Bartolomei Mecatti B, Barton I, Barton J, Basily W, Bavanandan S, Baxter A, Becker L, Beddhu S, Beige J, Beigh S, Bell S, Benck U, Beneat A, Bennett A, Bennett D, Benyon S, Berdeprado J, Bergler T, Bergner A, Berry M, Bevilacqua M, Bhairoo J, Bhandari S, Bhandary N, Bhatt A, Bhattarai M, Bhavsar M, Bian W, Bianchini F, Bianco S, Bilous R, Bilton J, Bilucaglia D, Bird C, Birudaraju D, Biscoveanu M, Blake C, Bleakley N, Bocchicchia K, Bodine S, Bodington R, Boedecker S, Bolduc M, Bolton S, Bond C, Boreky F, Boren K, Bouchi R, Bough L, Bovan D, Bowler C, Bowman L, Brar N, Braun C, Breach A, Breitenfeldt M, Brenner S, Brettschneider B, Brewer A, Brewer G, Brindle V, Brioni E, Brown C, Brown H, Brown L, Brown R, Brown S, Browne D, Bruce K, Brueckmann M, Brunskill N, Bryant M, Brzoska M, Bu Y, Buckman C, Budoff M, Bullen M, Burke A, Burnette S, Burston C, Busch M, Bushnell J, Butler S, Büttner C, Byrne C, Caamano A, Cadorna J, Cafiero C, Cagle M, Cai J, Calabrese K, Calvi C, Camilleri B, Camp S, Campbell D, Campbell R, Cao H, Capelli I, Caple M, Caplin B, Cardone A, Carle J, Carnall V, Caroppo M, Carr S, Carraro G, Carson M, Casares P, Castillo C, Castro C, Caudill B, Cejka V, Ceseri M, Cham L, Chamberlain A, Chambers J, Chan CBT, Chan JYM, Chan YC, Chang E, Chang E, Chant T, Chavagnon T, Chellamuthu P, Chen F, Chen J, Chen P, Chen TM, Chen Y, Chen Y, Cheng C, Cheng H, Cheng MC, Cherney D, Cheung AK, Ching CH, Chitalia N, Choksi R, Chukwu C, Chung K, Cianciolo G, Cipressa L, Clark S, Clarke H, Clarke R, Clarke S, Cleveland B, Cole E, Coles H, Condurache L, Connor A, Convery K, Cooper A, Cooper N, Cooper Z, Cooperman L, Cosgrove L, Coutts P, Cowley A, Craik R, Cui G, Cummins T, Dahl N, Dai H, Dajani L, D'Amelio A, Damian E, Damianik K, Danel L, Daniels C, Daniels T, Darbeau S, Darius H, Dasgupta T, Davies J, Davies L, Davis A, Davis J, Davis L, Dayanandan R, Dayi S, Dayrell R, De Nicola L, Debnath S, Deeb W, Degenhardt S, DeGoursey K, Delaney M, Deo R, DeRaad R, Derebail V, Dev D, Devaux M, Dhall P, Dhillon G, Dienes J, Dobre M, Doctolero E, Dodds V, Domingo D, Donaldson D, Donaldson P, Donhauser C, Donley V, Dorestin S, Dorey S, Doulton T, Draganova D, Draxlbauer K, Driver F, Du H, Dube F, Duck T, Dugal T, Dugas J, Dukka H, Dumann H, Durham W, Dursch M, Dykas R, Easow R, Eckrich E, Eden G, Edmerson E, Edwards H, Ee LW, Eguchi J, Ehrl Y, Eichstadt K, Eid W, Eilerman B, Ejima Y, Eldon H, Ellam T, Elliott L, Ellison R, Emberson J, Epp R, Er A, Espino-Obrero M, Estcourt S, Estienne L, Evans G, Evans J, Evans S, Fabbri G, Fajardo-Moser M, Falcone C, Fani F, Faria-Shayler P, Farnia F, Farrugia D, Fechter M, Fellowes D, Feng F, Fernandez J, Ferraro P, Field A, Fikry S, Finch J, Finn H, Fioretto P, Fish R, Fleischer A, Fleming-Brown D, Fletcher L, Flora R, Foellinger C, Foligno N, Forest S, Forghani Z, Forsyth K, Fottrell-Gould D, Fox P, Frankel A, Fraser D, Frazier R, Frederick K, Freking N, French H, Froment A, Fuchs B, Fuessl L, Fujii H, Fujimoto A, Fujita A, Fujita K, Fujita Y, Fukagawa M, Fukao Y, Fukasawa A, Fuller T, Funayama T, Fung E, Furukawa M, Furukawa Y, Furusho M, Gabel S, Gaidu J, Gaiser S, Gallo K, Galloway C, Gambaro G, Gan CC, Gangemi C, Gao M, Garcia K, Garcia M, Garofalo C, Garrity M, Garza A, Gasko S, Gavrila M, Gebeyehu B, Geddes A, Gentile G, George A, George J, Gesualdo L, Ghalli F, Ghanem A, Ghate T, Ghavampour S, Ghazi A, Gherman A, Giebeln-Hudnell U, Gill B, Gillham S, Girakossyan I, Girndt M, Giuffrida A, Glenwright M, Glider T, Gloria R, Glowski D, Goh BL, Goh CB, Gohda T, Goldenberg R, Goldfaden R, Goldsmith C, Golson B, Gonce V, Gong Q, Goodenough B, Goodwin N, Goonasekera M, Gordon A, Gordon J, Gore A, Goto H, Goto S, Goto S, Gowen D, Grace A, Graham J, Grandaliano G, Gray M, Green JB, Greene T, Greenwood G, Grewal B, Grifa R, Griffin D, Griffin S, Grimmer P, Grobovaite E, Grotjahn S, Guerini A, Guest C, Gunda S, Guo B, Guo Q, Haack S, Haase M, Haaser K, Habuki K, Hadley A, Hagan S, Hagge S, Haller H, Ham S, Hamal S, Hamamoto Y, Hamano N, Hamm M, Hanburry A, Haneda M, Hanf C, Hanif W, Hansen J, Hanson L, Hantel S, Haraguchi T, Harding E, Harding T, Hardy C, Hartner C, Harun Z, Harvill L, Hasan A, Hase H, Hasegawa F, Hasegawa T, Hashimoto A, Hashimoto C, Hashimoto M, Hashimoto S, Haskett S, Hauske SJ, Hawfield A, Hayami T, Hayashi M, Hayashi S, Haynes R, Hazara A, Healy C, Hecktman J, Heine G, Henderson H, Henschel R, Hepditch A, Herfurth K, Hernandez G, Hernandez Pena A, Hernandez-Cassis C, Herrington WG, Herzog C, Hewins S, Hewitt D, Hichkad L, Higashi S, Higuchi C, Hill C, Hill L, Hill M, Himeno T, Hing A, Hirakawa Y, Hirata K, Hirota Y, Hisatake T, Hitchcock S, Hodakowski A, Hodge W, Hogan R, Hohenstatt U, Hohenstein B, Hooi L, Hope S, Hopley M, Horikawa S, Hosein D, Hosooka T, Hou L, Hou W, Howie L, Howson A, Hozak M, Htet Z, Hu X, Hu Y, Huang J, Huda N, Hudig L, Hudson A, Hugo C, Hull R, Hume L, Hundei W, Hunt N, Hunter A, Hurley S, Hurst A, Hutchinson C, Hyo T, Ibrahim FH, Ibrahim S, Ihana N, Ikeda T, Imai A, Imamine R, Inamori A, Inazawa H, Ingell J, Inomata K, Inukai Y, Ioka M, Irtiza-Ali A, Isakova T, Isari W, Iselt M, Ishiguro A, Ishihara K, Ishikawa T, Ishimoto T, Ishizuka K, Ismail R, Itano S, Ito H, Ito K, Ito M, Ito Y, Iwagaitsu S, Iwaita Y, Iwakura T, Iwamoto M, Iwasa M, Iwasaki H, Iwasaki S, Izumi K, Izumi K, Izumi T, Jaafar SM, Jackson C, Jackson Y, Jafari G, Jahangiriesmaili M, Jain N, Jansson K, Jasim H, Jeffers L, Jenkins A, Jesky M, Jesus-Silva J, Jeyarajah D, Jiang Y, Jiao X, Jimenez G, Jin B, Jin Q, Jochims J, Johns B, Johnson C, Johnson T, Jolly S, Jones L, Jones L, Jones S, Jones T, Jones V, Joseph M, Joshi S, Judge P, Junejo N, Junus S, Kachele M, Kadowaki T, Kadoya H, Kaga H, Kai H, Kajio H, Kaluza-Schilling W, Kamaruzaman L, Kamarzarian A, Kamimura Y, Kamiya H, Kamundi C, Kan T, Kanaguchi Y, Kanazawa A, Kanda E, Kanegae S, Kaneko K, Kaneko K, Kang HY, Kano T, Karim M, Karounos D, Karsan W, Kasagi R, Kashihara N, Katagiri H, Katanosaka A, Katayama A, Katayama M, Katiman E, Kato K, Kato M, Kato N, Kato S, Kato T, Kato Y, Katsuda Y, Katsuno T, Kaufeld J, Kavak Y, Kawai I, Kawai M, Kawai M, Kawase A, Kawashima S, Kazory A, Kearney J, Keith B, Kellett J, Kelley S, Kershaw M, Ketteler M, Khai Q, Khairullah Q, Khandwala H, Khoo KKL, Khwaja A, Kidokoro K, Kielstein J, Kihara M, Kimber C, Kimura S, Kinashi H, Kingston H, Kinomura M, Kinsella-Perks E, Kitagawa M, Kitajima M, Kitamura S, Kiyosue A, Kiyota M, Klauser F, Klausmann G, Kmietschak W, Knapp K, Knight C, Knoppe A, Knott C, Kobayashi M, Kobayashi R, Kobayashi T, Koch M, Kodama S, Kodani N, Kogure E, Koizumi M, Kojima H, Kojo T, Kolhe N, Komaba H, Komiya T, Komori H, Kon SP, Kondo M, Kondo M, Kong W, Konishi M, Kono K, Koshino M, Kosugi T, Kothapalli B, Kozlowski T, Kraemer B, Kraemer-Guth A, Krappe J, Kraus D, Kriatselis C, Krieger C, Krish P, Kruger B, Ku Md Razi KR, Kuan Y, Kubota S, Kuhn S, Kumar P, Kume S, Kummer I, Kumuji R, Küpper A, Kuramae T, Kurian L, Kuribayashi C, Kurien R, Kuroda E, Kurose T, Kutschat A, Kuwabara N, Kuwata H, La Manna G, Lacey M, Lafferty K, LaFleur P, Lai V, Laity E, Lambert A, Landray MJ, Langlois M, Latif F, Latore E, Laundy E, Laurienti D, Lawson A, Lay M, Leal I, Leal I, Lee AK, Lee J, Lee KQ, Lee R, Lee SA, Lee YY, Lee-Barkey Y, Leonard N, Leoncini G, Leong CM, Lerario S, Leslie A, Levin A, Lewington A, Li J, Li N, Li X, Li Y, Liberti L, Liberti ME, Liew A, Liew YF, Lilavivat U, Lim SK, Lim YS, Limon E, Lin H, Lioudaki E, Liu H, Liu J, Liu L, Liu Q, Liu WJ, Liu X, Liu Z, Loader D, Lochhead H, Loh CL, Lorimer A, Loudermilk L, Loutan J, Low CK, Low CL, Low YM, Lozon Z, Lu Y, Lucci D, Ludwig U, Luker N, Lund D, Lustig R, Lyle S, Macdonald C, MacDougall I, Machicado R, MacLean D, Macleod P, Madera A, Madore F, Maeda K, Maegawa H, Maeno S, Mafham M, Magee J, Maggioni AP, Mah DY, Mahabadi V, Maiguma M, Makita Y, Makos G, Manco L, Mangiacapra R, Manley J, Mann P, Mano S, Marcotte G, Maris J, Mark P, Markau S, Markovic M, Marshall C, Martin M, Martinez C, Martinez S, Martins G, Maruyama K, Maruyama S, Marx K, Maselli A, Masengu A, Maskill A, Masumoto S, Masutani K, Matsumoto M, Matsunaga T, Matsuoka N, Matsushita M, Matthews M, Matthias S, Matvienko E, Maurer M, Maxwell P, Mayne KJ, Mazlan N, Mazlan SA, Mbuyisa A, McCafferty K, McCarroll F, McCarthy T, McClary-Wright C, McCray K, McDermott P, McDonald C, McDougall R, McHaffie E, McIntosh K, McKinley T, McLaughlin S, McLean N, McNeil L, Measor A, Meek J, Mehta A, Mehta R, Melandri M, Mené P, Meng T, Menne J, Merritt K, Merscher S, Meshykhi C, Messa P, Messinger L, Miftari N, Miller R, Miller Y, Miller-Hodges E, Minatoguchi M, Miners M, Minutolo R, Mita T, Miura Y, Miyaji M, Miyamoto S, Miyatsuka T, Miyazaki M, Miyazawa I, Mizumachi R, Mizuno M, Moffat S, Mohamad Nor FS, Mohamad Zaini SN, Mohamed Affandi FA, Mohandas C, Mohd R, Mohd Fauzi NA, Mohd Sharif NH, Mohd Yusoff Y, Moist L, Moncada A, Montasser M, Moon A, Moran C, Morgan N, Moriarty J, Morig G, Morinaga H, Morino K, Morisaki T, Morishita Y, Morlok S, Morris A, Morris F, Mostafa S, Mostefai Y, Motegi M, Motherwell N, Motta D, Mottl A, Moys R, Mozaffari S, Muir J, Mulhern J, Mulligan S, Munakata Y, Murakami C, Murakoshi M, Murawska A, Murphy K, Murphy L, Murray S, Murtagh H, Musa MA, Mushahar L, Mustafa R, Mustafar R, Muto M, Nadar E, Nagano R, Nagasawa T, Nagashima E, Nagasu H, Nagelberg S, Nair H, Nakagawa Y, Nakahara M, Nakamura J, Nakamura R, Nakamura T, Nakaoka M, Nakashima E, Nakata J, Nakata M, Nakatani S, Nakatsuka A, Nakayama Y, Nakhoul G, Nangaku M, Naverrete G, Navivala A, Nazeer I, Negrea L, Nethaji C, Newman E, Ng SYA, Ng TJ, Ngu LLS, Nimbkar T, Nishi H, Nishi M, Nishi S, Nishida Y, Nishiyama A, Niu J, Niu P, Nobili G, Nohara N, Nojima I, Nolan J, Nosseir H, Nozawa M, Nunn M, Nunokawa S, Oda M, Oe M, Oe Y, Ogane K, Ogawa W, Ogihara T, Oguchi G, Ohsugi M, Oishi K, Okada Y, Okajyo J, Okamoto S, Okamura K, Olufuwa O, Oluyombo R, Omata A, Omori Y, Ong LM, Ong YC, Onyema J, Oomatia A, Oommen A, Oremus R, Orimo Y, Ortalda V, Osaki Y, Osawa Y, Osmond Foster J, O'Sullivan A, Otani T, Othman N, Otomo S, O'Toole J, Owen L, Ozawa T, Padiyar A, Page N, Pajak S, Paliege A, Pandey A, Pandey R, Pariani H, Park J, Parrigon M, Passauer J, Patecki M, Patel M, Patel R, Patel T, Patel Z, Paul R, Paul R, Paulsen L, Pavone L, Peixoto A, Peji J, Peng BC, Peng K, Pennino L, Pereira E, Perez E, Pergola P, Pesce F, Pessolano G, Petchey W, Petr EJ, Pfab T, Phelan P, Phillips R, Phillips T, Phipps M, Piccinni G, Pickett T, Pickworth S, Piemontese M, Pinto D, Piper J, Plummer-Morgan J, Poehler D, Polese L, Poma V, Pontremoli R, Postal A, Pötz C, Power A, Pradhan N, Pradhan R, Preiss D, Preiss E, Preston K, Prib N, Price L, Provenzano C, Pugay C, Pulido R, Putz F, Qiao Y, Quartagno R, Quashie-Akponeware M, Rabara R, Rabasa-Lhoret R, Radhakrishnan D, Radley M, Raff R, Raguwaran S, Rahbari-Oskoui F, Rahman M, Rahmat K, Ramadoss S, Ramanaidu S, Ramasamy S, Ramli R, Ramli S, Ramsey T, Rankin A, Rashidi A, Raymond L, Razali WAFA, Read K, Reiner H, Reisler A, Reith C, Renner J, Rettenmaier B, Richmond L, Rijos D, Rivera R, Rivers V, Robinson H, Rocco M, Rodriguez-Bachiller I, Rodriquez R, Roesch C, Roesch J, Rogers J, Rohnstock M, Rolfsmeier S, Roman M, Romo A, Rosati A, Rosenberg S, Ross T, Rossello X, Roura M, Roussel M, Rovner S, Roy S, Rucker S, Rump L, Ruocco M, Ruse S, Russo F, Russo M, Ryder M, Sabarai A, Saccà C, Sachson R, Sadler E, Safiee NS, Sahani M, Saillant A, Saini J, Saito C, Saito S, Sakaguchi K, Sakai M, Salim H, Salviani C, Sammons E, Sampson A, Samson F, Sandercock P, Sanguila S, Santorelli G, Santoro D, Sarabu N, Saram T, Sardell R, Sasajima H, Sasaki T, Satko S, Sato A, Sato D, Sato H, Sato H, Sato J, Sato T, Sato Y, Satoh M, Sawada K, Schanz M, Scheidemantel F, Schemmelmann M, Schettler E, Schettler V, Schlieper GR, Schmidt C, Schmidt G, Schmidt U, Schmidt-Gurtler H, Schmude M, Schneider A, Schneider I, Schneider-Danwitz C, Schomig M, Schramm T, Schreiber A, Schricker S, Schroppel B, Schulte-Kemna L, Schulz E, Schumacher B, Schuster A, Schwab A, Scolari F, Scott A, Seeger W, Seeger W, Segal M, Seifert L, Seifert M, Sekiya M, Sellars R, Seman MR, Shah S, Shah S, Shainberg L, Shanmuganathan M, Shao F, Sharma K, Sharpe C, Sheikh-Ali M, Sheldon J, Shenton C, Shepherd A, Shepperd M, Sheridan R, Sheriff Z, Shibata Y, Shigehara T, Shikata K, Shimamura K, Shimano H, Shimizu Y, Shimoda H, Shin K, Shivashankar G, Shojima N, Silva R, Sim CSB, Simmons K, Sinha S, Sitter T, Sivanandam S, Skipper M, Sloan K, Sloan L, Smith R, Smyth J, Sobande T, Sobata M, Somalanka S, Song X, Sonntag F, Sood B, Sor SY, Soufer J, Sparks H, Spatoliatore G, Spinola T, Squyres S, Srivastava A, Stanfield J, Staplin N, Staylor K, Steele A, Steen O, Steffl D, Stegbauer J, Stellbrink C, Stellbrink E, Stevens W, Stevenson A, Stewart-Ray V, Stickley J, Stoffler D, Stratmann B, Streitenberger S, Strutz F, Stubbs J, Stumpf J, Suazo N, Suchinda P, Suckling R, Sudin A, Sugamori K, Sugawara H, Sugawara K, Sugimoto D, Sugiyama H, Sugiyama H, Sugiyama T, Sullivan M, Sumi M, Suresh N, Sutton D, Suzuki H, Suzuki R, Suzuki Y, Suzuki Y, Suzuki Y, Swanson E, Swift P, Syed S, Szerlip H, Taal M, Taddeo M, Tailor C, Tajima K, Takagi M, Takahashi K, Takahashi K, Takahashi M, Takahashi T, Takahira E, Takai T, Takaoka M, Takeoka J, Takesada A, Takezawa M, Talbot M, Taliercio J, Talsania T, Tamori Y, Tamura R, Tamura Y, Tan CHH, Tan EZZ, Tanabe A, Tanabe K, Tanaka A, Tanaka A, Tanaka N, Tang S, Tang Z, Tanigaki K, Tarlac M, Tatsuzawa A, Tay JF, Tay LL, Taylor J, Taylor K, Taylor K, Te A, Tenbusch L, Teng KS, Terakawa A, Terry J, Tham ZD, Tholl S, Thomas G, Thong KM, Tietjen D, Timadjer A, Tindall H, Tipper S, Tobin K, Toda N, Tokuyama A, Tolibas M, Tomita A, Tomita T, Tomlinson J, Tonks L, Topf J, Topping S, Torp A, Torres A, Totaro F, Toth P, Toyonaga Y, Tripodi F, Trivedi K, Tropman E, Tschope D, Tse J, Tsuji K, Tsunekawa S, Tsunoda R, Tucky B, Tufail S, Tuffaha A, Turan E, Turner H, Turner J, Turner M, Tuttle KR, Tye YL, Tyler A, Tyler J, Uchi H, Uchida H, Uchida T, Uchida T, Udagawa T, Ueda S, Ueda Y, Ueki K, Ugni S, Ugwu E, Umeno R, Unekawa C, Uozumi K, Urquia K, Valleteau A, Valletta C, van Erp R, Vanhoy C, Varad V, Varma R, Varughese A, Vasquez P, Vasseur A, Veelken R, Velagapudi C, Verdel K, Vettoretti S, Vezzoli G, Vielhauer V, Viera R, Vilar E, Villaruel S, Vinall L, Vinathan J, Visnjic M, Voigt E, von-Eynatten M, Vourvou M, Wada J, Wada J, Wada T, Wada Y, Wakayama K, Wakita Y, Wallendszus K, Walters T, Wan Mohamad WH, Wang L, Wang W, Wang X, Wang X, Wang Y, Wanner C, Wanninayake S, Watada H, Watanabe K, Watanabe K, Watanabe M, Waterfall H, Watkins D, Watson S, Weaving L, Weber B, Webley Y, Webster A, Webster M, Weetman M, Wei W, Weihprecht H, Weiland L, Weinmann-Menke J, Weinreich T, Wendt R, Weng Y, Whalen M, Whalley G, Wheatley R, Wheeler A, Wheeler J, Whelton P, White K, Whitmore B, Whittaker S, Wiebel J, Wiley J, Wilkinson L, Willett M, Williams A, Williams E, Williams K, Williams T, Wilson A, Wilson P, Wincott L, Wines E, Winkelmann B, Winkler M, Winter-Goodwin B, Witczak J, Wittes J, Wittmann M, Wolf G, Wolf L, Wolfling R, Wong C, Wong E, Wong HS, Wong LW, Wong YH, Wonnacott A, Wood A, Wood L, Woodhouse H, Wooding N, Woodman A, Wren K, Wu J, Wu P, Xia S, Xiao H, Xiao X, Xie Y, Xu C, Xu Y, Xue H, Yahaya H, Yalamanchili H, Yamada A, Yamada N, Yamagata K, Yamaguchi M, Yamaji Y, Yamamoto A, Yamamoto S, Yamamoto S, Yamamoto T, Yamanaka A, Yamano T, Yamanouchi Y, Yamasaki N, Yamasaki Y, Yamasaki Y, Yamashita C, Yamauchi T, Yan Q, Yanagisawa E, Yang F, Yang L, Yano S, Yao S, Yao Y, Yarlagadda S, Yasuda Y, Yiu V, Yokoyama T, Yoshida S, Yoshidome E, Yoshikawa H, Young A, Young T, Yousif V, Yu H, Yu Y, Yuasa K, Yusof N, Zalunardo N, Zander B, Zani R, Zappulo F, Zayed M, Zemann B, Zettergren P, Zhang H, Zhang L, Zhang L, Zhang N, Zhang X, Zhao J, Zhao L, Zhao S, Zhao Z, Zhong H, Zhou N, Zhou S, Zhu D, Zhu L, Zhu S, Zietz M, Zippo M, Zirino F, Zulkipli FH. Impact of primary kidney disease on the effects of empagliflozin in patients with chronic kidney disease: secondary analyses of the EMPA-KIDNEY trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2024;12:51-60. [PMID: 38061372 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(23)00322-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Abstract BACKGROUND The EMPA-KIDNEY trial showed that empagliflozin reduced the risk of the primary composite outcome of kidney disease progression or cardiovascular death in patients with chronic kidney disease mainly through slowing progression. We aimed to assess how effects of empagliflozin might differ by primary kidney disease across its broad population. METHODS EMPA-KIDNEY, a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial, was conducted at 241 centres in eight countries (Canada, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, the UK, and the USA). Patients were eligible if their estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 20 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or 45 to less than 90 mL/min per 1·73 m2 with a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) of 200 mg/g or higher at screening. They were randomly assigned (1:1) to 10 mg oral empagliflozin once daily or matching placebo. Effects on kidney disease progression (defined as a sustained ≥40% eGFR decline from randomisation, end-stage kidney disease, a sustained eGFR below 10 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or death from kidney failure) were assessed using prespecified Cox models, and eGFR slope analyses used shared parameter models. Subgroup comparisons were performed by including relevant interaction terms in models. EMPA-KIDNEY is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03594110. FINDINGS Between May 15, 2019, and April 16, 2021, 6609 participants were randomly assigned and followed up for a median of 2·0 years (IQR 1·5-2·4). Prespecified subgroupings by primary kidney disease included 2057 (31·1%) participants with diabetic kidney disease, 1669 (25·3%) with glomerular disease, 1445 (21·9%) with hypertensive or renovascular disease, and 1438 (21·8%) with other or unknown causes. Kidney disease progression occurred in 384 (11·6%) of 3304 patients in the empagliflozin group and 504 (15·2%) of 3305 patients in the placebo group (hazard ratio 0·71 [95% CI 0·62-0·81]), with no evidence that the relative effect size varied significantly by primary kidney disease (pheterogeneity=0·62). The between-group difference in chronic eGFR slopes (ie, from 2 months to final follow-up) was 1·37 mL/min per 1·73 m2 per year (95% CI 1·16-1·59), representing a 50% (42-58) reduction in the rate of chronic eGFR decline. This relative effect of empagliflozin on chronic eGFR slope was similar in analyses by different primary kidney diseases, including in explorations by type of glomerular disease and diabetes (p values for heterogeneity all >0·1). INTERPRETATION In a broad range of patients with chronic kidney disease at risk of progression, including a wide range of non-diabetic causes of chronic kidney disease, empagliflozin reduced risk of kidney disease progression. Relative effect sizes were broadly similar irrespective of the cause of primary kidney disease, suggesting that SGLT2 inhibitors should be part of a standard of care to minimise risk of kidney failure in chronic kidney disease. FUNDING Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, and UK Medical Research Council. Collapse Key Words Collapse MESH Headings Humans Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy Kidney Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/drug therapy Benzhydryl Compounds/therapeutic use Benzhydryl Compounds/pharmacology Renal Insufficiency/complications Glomerular Filtration Rate Hypertension/drug therapy Disease Progression Collapse Grants Collapse
3	Gibb I, Delaney R, Murphy D, Hunt N. Post-mortem computed tomography in the investigation of conflict and terrorist related deaths: UK military experience of developing a multidisciplinary service. Clin Radiol 2023;78:804-811. [PMID: 36031431 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Abstract This paper discusses the introduction, development and utility of post-mortem imaging relating specifically to conflict-related and terrorist-related deaths and considers the use of computed tomography (CT) in the investigations. We demonstrate how a multi-disciplinary approach involving direct communication between forensic pathologist and radiologist can maximise evidential yield, reduce the need for unnecessary dissection and further our understanding of such injuries. This summarises our shared experience of hundreds of cases, each having been individually discussed and reviewed, and has helped shape our understanding of conflict injury as well as contributing to the development of mitigation strategies and adaptations to protective equipment. A series of clinical cases are presented to demonstrate some of the strengths and weaknesses of the process. Collapse Key Words Computed tomography Military Pathology Post-mortem Radiology Collapse MESH Headings Collapse Grants Collapse
4	Hunt N, Allcock R, Myers M. Faecal immunochemical testing (FIT) for colorectal cancer in symptomatic primary care patients. Clin Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.03.322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Abstract Collapse Key Words Collapse MESH Headings Collapse Grants Collapse
5	Triolo TM, Fouts A, Pyle L, Yu L, Gottlieb PA, Steck AK, Greenbaum CJ, Atkinson M, Baidal D, Battaglia M, Becker D, Bingley P, Bosi E, Buckner J, Clements M, Colman P, DiMeglio L, Gitelman S, Goland R, Gottlieb P, Herold K, Knip M, Krischer J, Lernmark A, Moore W, Moran A, Muir A, Palmer J, Peakman M, Philipson L, Raskin P, Redondo M, Rodriguez H, Russell W, Spain L, Schatz D, Sosenko J, Wentworth J, Wherrett D, Wilson D, Winter W, Ziegler A, Anderson M, Antinozzi P, Benoist C, Blum J, Bourcier K, Chase P, Clare-Salzler M, Clynes R, Eisenbarth G, Fathman C, Grave G, Hering B, Insel R, Kaufman F, Kay T, Leschek E, Mahon J, Marks J, Nanto-Salonen K, Nepom G, Orban T, Parkman R, Pescovitz M, Peyman J, Pugliese A, Roep B, Roncarolo M, Savage P, Simell O, Sherwin R, Siegelman M, Skyler J, Steck A, Thomas J, Trucco M, Wagner J, Krischer JP, Leschek E, Rafkin L, Bourcier K, Cowie C, Foulkes M, Insel R, Krause-Steinrauf H, Lachin JM, Malozowski S, Peyman J, Ridge J, Savage P, Skyler JS, Zafonte SJ, Rafkin L, Sosenko JM, Kenyon NS, Santiago I, Krischer JP, Bundy B, Abbondondolo M, Dixit S, Pasha M, King K, Adcock H, Atterberry L, Fox K, Englert N, Mauras J, Permuy K, Sikes T, Adams T, Berhe B, Guendling L, McLennan L, Paganessi C, Murphy M, Draznin M, Kamboj S, Sheppard V, Lewis L, Coates W, Amado D, Moore G, Babar J, Bedard D, Brenson-Hughes J, Cernich M, Clements R, Duprau S, Goodman L, Hester L, Huerta-Saenz A, Asif I, Karmazin T, Letjen S, Raman D, Morin W, Bestermann E, Morawski J, White A, Brockmyer R, Bays S, Campbell A, Boonstra M, Stapleton N, Stone A, Donoho H, Everett H, Hensley M, Johnson C, Marshall N, Skirvin P, Taylor R, Williams L, Burroughs C, Ray C, Wolverton D, Nickels C, Dothard P, Speiser M, Pellizzari L, Bokor K, Izuora S, Abdelnour P, Cummings S, Cuthbertson D, Paynor M, Leahy M, Riedl S, Shockley R, Saad T, Briones S, Casella C, Herz K, Walsh J, Greening F, Deemer M, Hay S, Hunt N, Sikotra L, Simons D, Karounos R, Oremus L, Dye L, Myers D, Ballard W, Miers R, Eberhard C, Sparks K, Thraikill K, Edwards J, Fowlkes S, Kemp A, Morales L, Holland L, Johnson P, Paul A, Ghatak K, Fiske S, Phelen H, Leyland T, Henderson D, Brenner E, Oppenheimer I, Mamkin C, Moniz C, Clarson M, Lovell A, Peters V, Ford J, Ruelas D, Borut D, Burt M, Jordan S, Castilla P, Flores M, Ruiz L, Hanson J, Green-Blair R, Sheridan K, Garmeson J, Wintergerst G, Pierce A, Omoruyi M, Foster S, Kingery A, Lunsford I, Cervantes T, Parker P, Price J, Urben I, Guillette H, Doughty H, Haydock V, Parker P, Bergman S, Duncum C, Rodda A, Perelman R, Calendo C, Barrera E, Arce-Nunez Y, Geyer S, Martinez M, De la Portilla I, Cardenas L, Garrido M, Villar R, Lorini E, Calandra G, D’Annuzio K, Perri N, Minuto C, Hays B, Rebora R, Callegari O, Ali J, Kramer B, Auble S, Cabrera P, Donohoue R, Fiallo-Scharer M, Hessner P, Wolfgram A, Henderson C, Kansra N, Bettin R, McCuller A, Miller S, Accacha J, Corrigan E, Fiore R, Levine T, Mahoney C, Polychronakos V, Henry M, Gagne H, Starkman M, Fox D, Chin F, Melchionne L, Silverman I, Marshall L, Cerracchio J, Cruz A, Viswanathan J, Heyman K, Wilson S, Chalew S, Valley S, Layburn A, Lala P, Clesi M, Genet G, Uwaifo A, Charron T, Allerton W, Hsiao B, Cefalu L, Melendez-Ramirez R, Richards C, Alleyn E, Gustafson M, Lizanna J, Wahlen S, Aleiwe M, Hansen H, Wahlen C, Karges C, Levy A, Bonaccorso R, Rapaport Y, Tomer D, Chia M, Goldis L, Iazzetti M, Klein C, Levister L, Waldman E, Keaton N, Wallach M, Regelmann Z, Antal M, Aranda C, Reynholds A, Vinik P, Barlow M, Bourcier M, Nevoret J, Couper S, Kinderman A, Beresford N, Thalagne H, Roper J, Gibbons J, Hill S, Balleaut C, Brennan J, Ellis-Gage L, Fear T, Gray L, Law P, Jones C, McNerney L, Pointer N, Price K, Few D, Tomlinson N, Leech D, Wake C, Owens M, Burns J, Leinbach A, Wotherspoon A, Murray K, Short G, Curry S, Kelsey J, Lawson J, Porter S, Stevens E, Thomson S, Winship L, Liu S, Wynn E, Wiltshire J, Krebs P, Cresswell H, Faherty C, Ross L, Denvir J, Drew T, Randell P, Mansell S, Lloyd J, Bell S, Butler Y, Hooton H, Navarra A, Roper G, Babington L, Crate H, Cripps A, Ledlie C, Moulds R, Malloy J, Norton B, Petrova O, Silkstone C, Smith K, Ghai M, Murray V, Viswanathan M, Henegan O, Kawadry J, Olson L, Maddox K, Patterson T, Ahmad B, Flores D, Domek S, Domek K, Copeland M, George J, Less T, Davis M, Short A, Martin J, Dwarakanathan P, O’Donnell B, Boerner L, Larson M, Phillips M, Rendell K, Larson C, Smith K, Zebrowski L, Kuechenmeister M, Miller J, Thevarayapillai M, Daniels H, Speer N, Forghani R, Quintana C, Reh A, Bhangoo P, Desrosiers L, Ireland T, Misla C, Milliot E, Torres S, Wells J, Villar M, Yu D, Berry D, Cook J, Soder A, Powell M, Ng M, Morrison Z, Moore M, Haslam M, Lawson B, Bradley J, Courtney C, Richardson C, Watson E, Keely D, DeCurtis M, Vaccarcello-Cruz Z, Torres K, Muller S, Sandberg H, Hsiang B, Joy D, McCormick A, Powell H, Jones J, Bell S, Hargadon S, Hudson M, Kummer S, Nguyen T, Sauder E, Sutton K, Gensel R, Aguirre-Castaneda V, Benavides, Lopez D, Hemp S, Allen J, Stear E, Davis T, O’Donnell R, Jones A, Roberts J, Dart N, Paramalingam L, Levitt Katz N, Chaudhary K, Murphy S, Willi B, Schwartzman C, Kapadia D, Roberts A, Larson D, McClellan G, Shaibai L, Kelley G, Villa C, Kelley R, Diamond M, Kabbani T, Dajani F, Hoekstra M, Sadler K, Magorno J, Holst V, Chauhan N, Wilson P, Bononi M, Sperl A, Millward M, Eaton L, Dean J, Olshan H, Stavros T, Renna C, Milliard, Brodksy L, Bacon J, Quintos L, Topor S, Bialo B, Bancroft A, Soto W, Lagarde H, Tamura R, Lockemer T, Vanderploeg M, Ibrahim M, Huie V, Sanchez R, Edelen R, Marchiando J, Palmer T, Repas M, Wasson P, Wood K, Auker J, Culbertson T, Kieffer D, Voorhees T, Borgwardt L, DeRaad K, Eckert E, Isaacson H, Kuhn A, Carroll M, Xu P, Schubert G, Francis S, Hagan T, Le M, Penn E, Wickham C, Leyva K, Rivera J, Padilla I, Rodriguez N, Young K, Jospe J, Czyzyk B, Johnson U, Nadgir N, Marlen G, Prakasam C, Rieger N, Glaser E, Heiser B, Harris C, Alies P, Foster H, Slater K, Wheeler D, Donaldson M, Murray D, Hale R, Tragus D, Word J, Lynch L, Pankratz W, Badias F, Rogers R, Newfield S, Holland M, Hashiguchi M, Gottschalk A, Philis-Tsimikas R, Rosal S, Franklin S, Guardado N, Bohannon M, Baker A, Garcia T, Aguinaldo J, Phan V, Barraza D, Cohen J, Pinsker U, Khan J, Wiley L, Jovanovic P, Misra M, Bassi M, Wright D, Cohen K, Huang M, Skiles S, Maxcy C, Pihoker K, Cochrane J, Fosse S, Kearns M, Klingsheim N, Beam C, Wright L, Viles H, Smith S, Heller M, Cunningham A, Daniels L, Zeiden J, Field R, Walker K, Griffin L, Boulware D, Bartholow C, Erickson J, Howard B, Krabbenhoft C, Sandman A, Vanveldhuizen J, Wurlger A, Zimmerman K, Hanisch L, Davis-Keppen A, Bounmananh L, Cotterill J, Kirby M, Harris A, Schmidt C, Kishiyama C, Flores J, Milton W, Martin C, Whysham A, Yerka T, Bream S, Freels J, Hassing J, Webster R, Green P, Carter J, Galloway D, Hoelzer S, Roberts S, Said P, Sullivan H, Freeman D, Allen E, Reiter E, Feinberg C, Johnson L, Newhook D, Hagerty N, White L, Levandoski J, Kyllo M, Johnson C, Gough J, Benoit P, Iyer F, Diamond H, Hosono S, Jackman L, Barette P, Jones I, Sills S, Bzdick J, Bulger R, Ginem J, Weinstock I, Douek R, Andrews G, Modgill G, Gyorffy L, Robin N, Vaidya S, Crouch K, O’Brien C, Thompson N, Granger M, Thorne J, Blumer J, Kalic L, Klepek J, Paulett B, Rosolowski J, Horner M, Watkins J, Casey K, Carpenter C, Michelle Kieffer MH, Burns J, Horton C, Pritchard D, Soetaert A, Wynne C, Chin O, Molina C, Patel R, Senguttuvan M, Wheeler O, Lane P, Furet C, Steuhm D, Jelley S, Goudeau L, Chalmers D, Greer C, Panagiotopoulos D, Metzger D, Nguyen M, Horowitz M, Linton C, Christiansen E, Glades C, Morimoto M, Macarewich R, Norman K, Patin C, Vargas A, Barbanica A, Yu P, Vaidyanathan W, Nallamshetty L, Osborne R, Mehra S, Kaster S, Neace J, Horner G, Reeves C, Cordrey L, Marrs T, Miller S, Dowshen D, Oduah V, Doyle S, Walker D, Catte H, Dean M, Drury-Brown B, Hackman M, Lee S, Malkani K, Cullen K, Johnson P, Parrimon Y, Hampton M, McCarrell C, Curtis E, Paul, Zambrano Y, Paulus K, Pilger J, Ramiro J, Luvon Ritzie AQ, Sharma A, Shor A, Song X, Terry A, Weinberger J, Wootten M, Lachin JM, Foulkes M, Harding P, Krause-Steinrauf H, McDonough S, McGee PF, Owens Hess K, Phoebus D, Quinlan S, Raiden E, Batts E, Buddy C, Kirpatrick K, Ramey M, Shultz A, Webb C, Romesco M, Fradkin J, Leschek E, Spain L, Savage P, Aas S, Blumberg E, Beck G, Brillon D, Gubitosi-Klug R, Laffel L, Vigersky R, Wallace D, Braun J, Lernmark A, Lo B, Mitchell H, Naji A, Nerup J, Orchard T, Steffes M, Tsiatis A, Veatch R, Zinman B, Loechelt B, Baden L, Green M, Weinberg A, Marcovina S, Palmer JP, Weinberg A, Yu L, Babu S, Winter W, Eisenbarth GS, Bingley P, Clynes R, DiMeglio L, Eisenbarth G, Hays B, Leschek E, Marks J, Matheson D, Rafkin L, Rodriguez H, Spain L, Wilson D, Redondo M, Gomez D, McDonald A, Pena S, Pietropaolo M, Shippy K, Batts E, Brown T, Buckner J, Dove A, Hammond M, Hefty D, Klein J, Kuhns K, Letlau M, Lord S, McCulloch-Olson M, Miller L, Nepom G, Odegard J, Ramey M, Sachter E, St. Marie M, Stickney K, VanBuecken D, Vellek B, Webber C, Allen L, Bollyk J, Hilderman N, Ismail H, Lamola S, Sanda S, Vendettuoli H, Tridgell D, Monzavi R, Bock M, Fisher L, Halvorson M, Jeandron D, Kim M, Wood J, Geffner M, Kaufman F, Parkman R, Salazar C, Goland R, Clynes R, Cook S, Freeby M, Pat Gallagher M, Gandica R, Greenberg E, Kurland A, Pollak S, Wolk A, Chan M, Koplimae L, Levine E, Smith K, Trast J, DiMeglio L, Blum J, Evans-Molina C, Hufferd R, Jagielo B, Kruse C, Patrick V, Rigby M, Spall M, Swinney K, Terrell J, Christner L, Ford L, Lynch S, Menendez M, Merrill P, Pescovitz M, Rodriguez H, Alleyn C, Baidal D, Fay S, Gaglia J, Resnick B, Szubowicz S, Weir G, Benjamin R, Conboy D, deManbey A, Jackson R, Jalahej H, Orban T, Ricker A, Wolfsdorf J, Zhang HH, Wilson D, Aye T, Baker B, Barahona K, Buckingham B, Esrey K, Esrey T, Fathman G, Snyder R, Aneja B, Chatav M, Espinoza O, Frank E, Liu J, Perry J, Pyle R, Rigby A, Riley K, Soto A, Gitelman S, Adi S, Anderson M, Berhel A, Breen K, Fraser K, Gerard-Gonzalez A, Jossan P, Lustig R, Moassesfar S, Mugg A, Ng D, Prahalod P, Rangel-Lugo M, Sanda S, Tarkoff J, Torok C, Wesch R, Aslan I, Buchanan J, Cordier J, Hamilton C, Hawkins L, Ho T, Jain A, Ko K, Lee T, Phelps S, Rosenthal S, Sahakitrungruang T, Stehl L, Taylor L, Wertz M, Wong J, Philipson L, Briars R, Devine N, Littlejohn E, Grant T, Gottlieb P, Klingensmith G, Steck A, Alkanani A, Bautista K, Bedoy R, Blau A, Burke B, Cory L, Dang M, Fitzgerald-Miller L, Fouts A, Gage V, Garg S, Gesauldo P, Gutin R, Hayes C, Hoffman M, Ketchum K, Logsden-Sackett N, Maahs D, Messer L, Meyers L, Michels A, Peacock S, Rewers M, Rodriguez P, Sepulbeda F, Sippl R, Steck A, Taki I, Tran BK, Tran T, Wadwa RP, Zeitler P, Barker J, Barry S, Birks L, Bomsburger L, Bookert T, Briggs L, Burdick P, Cabrera R, Chase P, Cobry E, Conley A, Cook G, Daniels J, DiDomenico D, Eckert J, Ehler A, Eisenbarth G, Fain P, Fiallo-Scharer R, Frank N, Goettle H, Haarhues M, Harris S, Horton L, Hutton J, Jeffrrey J, Jenison R, Jones K, Kastelic W, King MA, Lehr D, Lungaro J, Mason K, Maurer H, Nguyen L, Proto A, Realsen J, Schmitt K, Schwartz M, Skovgaard S, Smith J, Vanderwel B, Voelmle M, Wagner R, Wallace A, Walravens P, Weiner L, Westerhoff B, Westfall E, Widmer K, Wright H, Schatz D, Abraham A, Atkinson M, Cintron M, Clare-Salzler M, Ferguson J, Haller M, Hosford J, Mancini D, Rohrs H, Silverstein J, Thomas J, Winter W, Cole G, Cook R, Coy R, Hicks E, Lewis N, Marks J, Pugliese A, Blaschke C, Matheson D, Pugliese A, Sanders-Branca N, Ray Arce LA, Cisneros M, Sabbag S, Moran A, Gibson C, Fife B, Hering B, Kwong C, Leschyshyn J, Nathan B, Pappenfus B, Street A, Boes MA, Peterson Eck S, Finney L, Albright Fischer T, Martin A, Jacqueline Muzamhindo C, Rhodes M, Smith J, Wagner J, Wood B, Becker D, Delallo K, Diaz A, Elnyczky B, Libman I, Pasek B, Riley K, Trucco M, Copemen B, Gwynn D, Toledo F, Rodriguez H, Bollepalli S, Diamond F, Eyth E, Henson D, Lenz A, Shulman D, Raskin P, Adhikari S, Dickson B, Dunnigan E, Lingvay I, Pruneda L, Ramos-Roman M, Raskin P, Rhee C, Richard J, Siegelman M, Sturges D, Sumpter K, White P, Alford M, Arthur J, Aviles-Santa ML, Cordova E, Davis R, Fernandez S, Fordan S, Hardin T, Jacobs A, Kaloyanova P, Lukacova-Zib I, Mirfakhraee S, Mohan A, Noto H, Smith O, Torres N, Wherrett D, Balmer D, Eisel L, Kovalakovska R, Mehan M, Sultan F, Ahenkorah B, Cevallos J, Razack N, Jo Ricci M, Rhode A, Srikandarajah M, Steger R, Russell WE, Black M, Brendle F, Brown A, Moore D, Pittel E, Robertson A, Shannon A, Thomas JW, Herold K, Feldman L, Sherwin R, Tamborlane W, Weinzimer S, Toppari J, Kallio T, Kärkkäinen M, Mäntymäki E, Niininen T, Nurmi B, Rajala P, Romo M, Suomenrinne S, Näntö-Salonen K, Simell O, Simell T, Bosi E, Battaglia M, Bianconi E, Bonfanti R, Grogan P, Laurenzi A, Martinenghi S, Meschi F, Pastore M, Falqui L, Teresa Muscato M, Viscardi M, Bingley P, Castleden H, Farthing N, Loud S, Matthews C, McGhee J, Morgan A, Pollitt J, Elliot-Jones R, Wheaton C, Knip M, Siljander H, Suomalainen H, Colman P, Healy F, Mesfin S, Redl L, Wentworth J, Willis J, Farley M, Harrison L, Perry C, Williams F, Mayo A, Paxton J, Thompson V, Volin L, Fenton C, Carr L, Lemon E, Swank M, Luidens M, Salgam M, Sharma V, Schade D, King C, Carano R, Heiden J, Means N, Holman L, Thomas I, Madrigal D, Muth T, Martin C, Plunkett C, Ramm C, Auchus R, Lane W, Avots E, Buford M, Hale C, Hoyle J, Lane B, Muir A, Shuler S, Raviele N, Ivie E, Jenkins M, Lindsley K, Hansen I, Fadoju D, Felner E, Bode B, Hosey R, Sax J, Jefferies C, Mannering S, Prentis R, She J, Stachura M, Hopkins D, Williams J, Steed L, Asatapova E, Nunez S, Knight S, Dixon P, Ching J, Donner T, Longnecker S, Abel K, Arcara K, Blackman S, Clark L, Cooke D, Plotnick L, Levin P, Bromberger L, Klein K, Sadurska K, Allen C, Michaud D, Snodgrass H, Burghen G, Chatha S, Clark C, Silverberg J, Wittmer C, Gardner J, LeBoeuf C, Bell P, McGlore O, Tennet H, Alba N, Carroll M, Baert L, Beaton H, Cordell E, Haynes A, Reed C, Lichter K, McCarthy P, McCarthy S, Monchamp T, Roach J, Manies S, Gunville F, Marosok L, Nelson T, Ackerman K, Rudolph J, Stewart M, McCormick K, May S, Falls T, Barrett T, Dale K, Makusha L, McTernana C, Penny-Thomas K, Sullivan K, Narendran P, Robbie J, Smith D, Christensen R, Koehler B, Royal C, Arthur T, Houser H, Renaldi J, Watsen S, Wu P, Lyons L, House B, Yu J, Holt H, Nation M, Vickers C, Watling R, Heptulla R, Trast J, Agarwal C, Newell D, Katikaneni R, Gardner C, Del A, Rio A, Logan H, Collier C, Rishton G, Whalley A, Ali S, Ramtoola T, Quattrin L, Mastrandea A, House M, Ecker C, Huang C, Gougeon J, Ho D, Pacuad D, Dunger J, May C, O’Brien C, Acerini B, Salgin A, Thankamony R, Williams J, Buse G, Fuller M, Duclos J, Tricome H, Brown D, Pittard D, Bowlby A, Blue T, Headley S, Bendre K, Lewis K, Sutphin C, Soloranzo J, Puskaric H, Madison M, Rincon M, Carlucci R, Shridharani B, Rusk E, Tessman D, Huffman H, Abrams B, Biederman M, Jones V, Leathers W, Brickman P, Petrie D, Zimmerman J, Howard L, Miller R, Alemzadeh D, Mihailescu R, Melgozza-Walker N, Abdulla C, Boucher-Berry D, Ize-Ludlow R, Levy C, Swenson, Brousell N, Crimmins D, Edler T, Weis C, Schultz D, Rogers D, Latham C, Mawhorter C, Switzer W, Spencer P, Konstantnopoulus S, Broder J, Klein L, Knight L, Szadek G, Welnick B, Thompson R, Hoffman A, Revell J, Cherko K, Carter E, Gilson J, Haines G, Arthur B, Bowen W, Zipf P, Graves R, Lozano D, Seiple K, Spicer A, Chang J, Fregosi J, Harbinson C, Paulson S, Stalters P, Wright D, Zlock A, Freeth J, Victory H, Maheshwari A, Maheshwari T, Holmstrom J, Bueno R, Arguello J, Ahern L, Noreika V, Watson S, Hourse P, Breyer C, Kissel Y, Nicholson M, Pfeifer S, Almazan J, Bajaj M, Quinn K, Funk J, McCance E, Moreno R, Veintimilla A, Wells J, Cook S, Trunnel J, Henske S, Desai K, Frizelis F, Khan R, Sjoberg K, Allen P, Manning G, Hendry B, Taylor S, Jones W, Strader M, Bencomo T, Bailey L, Bedolla C, Roldan C, Moudiotis B, Vaidya C, Anning S, Bunce S, Estcourt E, Folland E, Gordon C, Harrill J, Ireland J, Piper L, Scaife K, Sutton S, Wilkins M, Costelloe J, Palmer L, Casas C, Miller M, Burgard C, Erickson J, Hallanger-Johnson P, Clark W, Taylor A, Lafferty S, Gillett C, Nolan M, Pathak L, Sondrol T, Hjelle S, Hafner J, Kotrba R, Hendrickson A, Cemeroglu T, Symington M, Daniel Y, Appiagyei-Dankah D, Postellon M, Racine L, Kleis K, Barnes S, Godwin H, McCullough K, Shaheen G, Buck L, Noel M, Warren S, Weber S, Parker I, Gillespie B, Nelson C, Frost J, Amrhein E, Moreland A, Hayes J, Peggram J, Aisenberg M, Riordan J, Zasa E, Cummings K, Scott T, Pinto A, Mokashi K, McAssey E, Helden P, Hammond L, Dinning S, Rahman S, Ray C, Dimicri S, Guppy H, Nielsen C, Vogel C, Ariza L, Morales Y, Chang R, Gabbay L, Ambrocio L, Manley R, Nemery W, Charlton P, Smith L, Kerr B, Steindel-Kopp M, Alamaguer D, Liljenquist G, Browning T, Coughenour M, Sulk E, Tsalikan M, Tansey J, Cabbage N. Identical and Nonidentical Twins: Risk and Factors Involved in Development of Islet Autoimmunity and Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2019;42:192-199. [PMID: 30061316 PMCID: PMC6341285 DOI: 10.2337/dc18-0288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Abstract OBJECTIVE There are variable reports of risk of concordance for progression to islet autoantibodies and type 1 diabetes in identical twins after one twin is diagnosed. We examined development of positive autoantibodies and type 1 diabetes and the effects of genetic factors and common environment on autoantibody positivity in identical twins, nonidentical twins, and full siblings. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Subjects from the TrialNet Pathway to Prevention Study (N = 48,026) were screened from 2004 to 2015 for islet autoantibodies (GAD antibody [GADA], insulinoma-associated antigen 2 [IA-2A], and autoantibodies against insulin [IAA]). Of these subjects, 17,226 (157 identical twins, 283 nonidentical twins, and 16,786 full siblings) were followed for autoantibody positivity or type 1 diabetes for a median of 2.1 years. RESULTS At screening, identical twins were more likely to have positive GADA, IA-2A, and IAA than nonidentical twins or full siblings (all P < 0.0001). Younger age, male sex, and genetic factors were significant factors for expression of IA-2A, IAA, one or more positive autoantibodies, and two or more positive autoantibodies (all P ≤ 0.03). Initially autoantibody-positive identical twins had a 69% risk of diabetes by 3 years compared with 1.5% for initially autoantibody-negative identical twins. In nonidentical twins, type 1 diabetes risk by 3 years was 72% for initially multiple autoantibody-positive, 13% for single autoantibody-positive, and 0% for initially autoantibody-negative nonidentical twins. Full siblings had a 3-year type 1 diabetes risk of 47% for multiple autoantibody-positive, 12% for single autoantibody-positive, and 0.5% for initially autoantibody-negative subjects. CONCLUSIONS Risk of type 1 diabetes at 3 years is high for initially multiple and single autoantibody-positive identical twins and multiple autoantibody-positive nonidentical twins. Genetic predisposition, age, and male sex are significant risk factors for development of positive autoantibodies in twins. Collapse Key Words Collapse MESH Headings Adolescent Adult Autoantibodies/analysis Autoantibodies/blood Autoimmunity/genetics Autoimmunity/physiology Child Child, Preschool Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/diagnosis Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/epidemiology Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/genetics Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/prevention & control Disease Progression Diseases in Twins/diagnosis Diseases in Twins/epidemiology Diseases in Twins/genetics Diseases in Twins/immunology Environment Female Genetic Predisposition to Disease Glutamate Decarboxylase/immunology Humans Insulin/metabolism Islets of Langerhans/immunology Male Mass Screening/methods Risk Factors Seroepidemiologic Studies Siblings Twins/genetics Twins, Dizygotic/genetics Twins, Dizygotic/statistics & numerical data Twins, Monozygotic/genetics Twins, Monozygotic/statistics & numerical data Young Adult Collapse Grants U01 DK085476 NIDDK NIH HHS T32 DK063687 NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK061010 NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK085499 NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK085463 NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK103266 NIDDK NIH HHS T32 DK065522 NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK045735 NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK061042 NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK085509 NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK017047 NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK085466 NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK103153 NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK061058 NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK085505 NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK085453 NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK061034 NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK085461 NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK103180 NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK085465 NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK085504 NIDDK NIH HHS National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases American Diabetes Association National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development JDRF International Collapse
6	Hunt N, Cunningham S, Lloyd T, Shute J. Orthodontics: Making false promises. Br Dent J 2018;224:758-759. [PMID: 29795489 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2018.402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Abstract Collapse Key Words Collapse MESH Headings Collapse Grants Collapse
7	Hunt N, Strachan RK, Nicolaides AN, Delis KT. Incidence, Natural History and Risk Factors of Deep Vein Thrombosis in Elective Knee Arthroscopy. Thromb Haemost 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1616137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Abstract Summary Aims: to determine the incidence, anatomical distribution and extent of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in limbs undergoing elective unilateral knee arthroscopy without active prophylaxis, to evaluate its effect on venous function following early diagnosis, and to quantify the impact of risk factors on its incidence. Methods: 102 consecutive patients undergoing unilateral knee arthroscopy without prophylaxis were studied. A history was obtained with emphasis on the risk factors for thromboembolism, and physical examination and colour duplex were performed prior to and within a week after surgery. Patients who developed calf DVT were given aspirin (150 mg) and compression stockings; those with proximal DVT were admitted for anticoagulation (heparin followed by warfarin). Follow-up (mean 118 [range 84-168] days) entailed weekly physical and duplex examinations during the first month and monthly thereafter. Results: 8 patients developed calf DVT in the operated leg (incidence 7.84% [95% Cl: 2.7%-13.2%]); thrombosis was asymptomatic in 4 of those (50%), caused calf tenderness in 4 (50%) and a positive Homan’s sign in one (12.5%). DVT occurred in the following veins: peroneal 4 subjects (50%), soleal 4 (50%), gastrocnemial 2 (25%) and tibial 2 (25%). Propagation of a calf DVT to the popliteal vein was identified in 1 patient (12.5%). After a median period of 118 days, total clot lysis was found in 50% of DVTs, with partial thrombus resorption in the rest; reflux in the thrombosed veins was present in 75% of limbs with DVT. 43% of patients had 1 risk factor for DVT and 20% had ≥2. The incidence of DVT was higher amongst those with two or more risk factors for thromboembolism (p <.05) or those with previous thrombosis alone (p <.005). Symptoms or signs of pulmonary embolism were not documented. Conclusions: Elective unilateral knee arthroscopy performed without prophylaxis is complicated by ipsilateral calf DVT in 7.8% (95% CI: 2.7%-13.2%) of cases. The risk is higher in the presence of previous thrombosis (relative risk: 8.2) and two or more risk factors for DVT (relative risk: 2.94). Thrombosis may propagate to the proximal veins, despite early diagnosis. 50% of calf clots totally lyse in 4 months, yet reflux develops in at least 75% of limbs with DVT. Further studies to determine optimal prophylaxis are warranted. Collapse Key Words Collapse MESH Headings Collapse Grants Collapse
8	Barigye R, Davis S, Hunt R, Hunt N, Walsh S, Elliott N, Dyrting K, Weir R, Melville LF. Post-viraemic detection of bovine ephemeral fever virus by use of autogenous lymphoid tissue-derived bovine primary cell cultures. Aust Vet J 2017;95:49-52. [PMID: 28124418 DOI: 10.1111/avj.12551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Abstract BACKGROUND The potential tissue replication sites and specific cell types that support in vivo virus survival beyond the acute phase of bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) infection have not been fully defined in cattle. To clarify the knowledge gap, tissue specimens were tested after collection from an adult steer necropsied 1 week after acute BEF. CASE REPORT Significant necropsy findings included fibrinoproliferative synovitis in the stifle joints and fibrin clot-laden fluid in serous body cavities. Moderate numbers of infiltrating neutrophils were demonstrated in sections of the prefemoral lymph nodes and haemal node, and lymphoid hyperplasia in the spleen, haemal node and prefemoral lymph nodes. Viral RNA was detected by qRT-PCR in fresh spleen, haemal node, prefemoral lymph node, synovial fluid and in several spleen-derived cell cultures. BEFV was isolated from autogenously derived splenic primary cell cultures 6 days after cessation of viraemia, and characteristic bullet-shaped virions were confirmed by electron microscopy of an ultrathin haemal node section. In sections of the spleen, haemal node and other tissues, immunohistochemistry demonstrated BEFV antigens that were intracellularly associated with probable histiocytic cells. CONCLUSION BEFV has preferential tropism for bovine lymphoid tissues and the spleen and haemal node may be potential sites for post-viraemic virus replication. Collapse Key Words bovine ephemeral fever virus cattle haemal node lymphoid tissue spleen tropism Collapse MESH Headings Collapse Grants Collapse
9	Malhotra P, Murphy P, Dawson C, Hunt N, Hendry J. P81 Straight to CT delivers earlier first definitive treatment in lung cancer– effect of a simple intervention. Thorax 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2016-209333.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Abstract Collapse Key Words Collapse MESH Headings Collapse Grants Collapse
10	Barigye R, Davis S, Hunt R, Hunt N, Walsh S, Elliott N, Burnup C, Aumann S, Day C, Dyrting K, Weir R, Melville LF. Viral neurotropism, peripheral neuropathy and other morphological abnormalities in bovine ephemeral fever virus-infected downer cattle. Aust Vet J 2016;94:362-70. [PMID: 27671080 DOI: 10.1111/avj.12482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Abstract OBJECTIVE This study assessed the neurotropism of bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) virus (BEFV) and described histomorphological abnormalities of the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves that may causally contribute to paresis or paralysis in BEF. METHODS Four paralysed and six asymptomatic but virus-infected cattle were monitored, and blood and serum samples screened by qRT-PCR, virus isolation and neutralisation tests. Fresh brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerve and other tissues were qRT-PCR-tested for viral RNA, while formalin-fixed specimens were processed routinely and immunohistochemically evaluated for histomorphological abnormalities and viral antigen distribution, respectively. RESULTS The neurotropism of BEFV was immunohistochemically confirmed in the brain and peripheral nerves and peripheral neuropathy was demonstrated in three paralysed but not the six aneurological but virus-infected animals. Wallerian degeneration (WD) was present in the ventral funicular white matter of the lumbar spinal cord of a paralysed steer and in cervical and thoracic spinal cord segments of three paralysed animals. Although no spinal cord lesions were seen in the steer euthanased within 7 days of illness, peripheral neuropathy was present and more severe in nerves of the brachial plexuses than in the gluteal or fibular nerves. The only steer with WD in the lumbar spinal cord also showed intrahistiocytic cell viral antigen that was spatially distributed within areas of moderate brain stem encephalitis. CONCLUSION The data confirmed neurotropism of BEFV in cattle and documented histomorphological abnormalities in peripheral nerves and brain which, together with spinal cord lesions, may contribute to chronic paralysis in BEFV-infected downer cattle. Collapse Key Words Wallerian degeneration bovine ephemeral fever virus downer cows encephalitis neurotropism peripheral neuropathy Collapse MESH Headings Collapse Grants Collapse
11	Goodwin GM, Haddad PM, Ferrier IN, Aronson JK, Barnes T, Cipriani A, Coghill DR, Fazel S, Geddes JR, Grunze H, Holmes EA, Howes O, Hudson S, Hunt N, Jones I, Macmillan IC, McAllister-Williams H, Miklowitz DR, Morriss R, Munafò M, Paton C, Saharkian BJ, Saunders K, Sinclair J, Taylor D, Vieta E, Young AH. Evidence-based guidelines for treating bipolar disorder: Revised third edition recommendations from the British Association for Psychopharmacology. J Psychopharmacol 2016;30:495-553. [PMID: 26979387 PMCID: PMC4922419 DOI: 10.1177/0269881116636545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 443] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Abstract The British Association for Psychopharmacology guidelines specify the scope and targets of treatment for bipolar disorder. The third version is based explicitly on the available evidence and presented, like previous Clinical Practice Guidelines, as recommendations to aid clinical decision making for practitioners: it may also serve as a source of information for patients and carers, and assist audit. The recommendations are presented together with a more detailed review of the corresponding evidence. A consensus meeting, involving experts in bipolar disorder and its treatment, reviewed key areas and considered the strength of evidence and clinical implications. The guidelines were drawn up after extensive feedback from these participants. The best evidence from randomized controlled trials and, where available, observational studies employing quasi-experimental designs was used to evaluate treatment options. The strength of recommendations has been described using the GRADE approach. The guidelines cover the diagnosis of bipolar disorder, clinical management, and strategies for the use of medicines in short-term treatment of episodes, relapse prevention and stopping treatment. The use of medication is integrated with a coherent approach to psychoeducation and behaviour change. Collapse Key Words Bipolar disorder antidepressants antipsychotics cognitive behaviour therapy evidence-based guidelines lithium mood stabilizers psychoeducation treatment Collapse MESH Headings Antidepressive Agents/therapeutic use Bipolar Disorder/diagnosis Bipolar Disorder/therapy Combined Modality Therapy Consensus Diagnosis, Differential Evidence-Based Medicine Humans Medication Adherence Patient Education as Topic Practice Guidelines as Topic Psychopharmacology Secondary Prevention Collapse Grants MR/L010305/1 Medical Research Council MC_UP_0901/1 Medical Research Council MC_U120097115 Medical Research Council 095806 Wellcome Trust G0700995 Medical Research Council Collapse
12	Smith TO, Chester R, Hunt N, Cross JL, Clark A, Donell ST. The Norwich Patellar Instability Score: Validity, internal consistency and responsiveness for people conservatively-managed following first-time patellar dislocation. Knee 2016;23:256-60. [PMID: 26794922 DOI: 10.1016/j.knee.2015.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Abstract BACKGROUND This paper assessed the validity, internal consistency, responsiveness and floor-ceiling effects of the Norwich Patellar Instability (NPI) Score for a cohort of conservatively managed people following first-time patellar dislocation (FTPD). METHODS Fifty patients were recruited, providing 130 completed datasets over 12 months. The NPI Score, Lysholm Knee Score, Tegner Level of Activity Score and isometric knee extension strength were assessed at baseline, six weeks, six and 12 months post-injury. RESULTS There was high convergent validity with a statistically significant correlation between the NPI Score and the Lysholm Knee Score (p<0.001), Tegner Level of Activity Score (p<0.001) and isometric knee extension strength (p<0.002). Principal component analysis revealed that the NPI Score demonstrated good concurrent validity with four components account for 70.4% of the variability. Whilst the NPI Score demonstrated a flooring-effect for 13 of the 19 items, no ceiling effect was reported. There was high internal consistency with a Cronbach Alpha value of 0.93 (95% CI: 0.91 to 0.93). The NPI Score was responsive to change over the 12 months period with an effect size of 1.04 from baseline to 12 months post-injury. CONCLUSIONS The NPI Score is a valid tool to assess patellar instability symptoms in people conservatively managed following FTPD. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level II. Collapse Key Words Instability Instrument Outcome measure Patellar dislocation Physiotherapy Reliability Validity Collapse MESH Headings Collapse Grants Collapse
13	Barigye R, Melville LF, Davis S, Walsh S, Hunt N, Hunt R. Kinetics of selected plasma cytokines during innate-adaptive immune response transition in adult cattle infected with the bovine ephemeral fever virus. Vet Microbiol 2016;186:111-6. [PMID: 27016765 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2016.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Abstract While virus neutralizing antibodies are known to be variably protective against bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) virus (BEFV) infections, the cytokine events that mediate the nascent adaptive immune response have not been defined in cattle. This study determined the plasma kinetics of IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-10 during the period of innate-immune response transition and evaluated the relationship between the virus neutralizing antibody response and viraemia in BEFV-infected cattle. Plasma from four virus-infected and uninfected negative control animals was tested by cytokine-specific immunoenzymatic assays, viraemia monitored by qRT-PCR, and virus neutralizing antibody titres determined using a standard protocol. Unlike the negative controls, plasma IL-6 and IL-10 were increased in all the virus-infected animals starting several days prior to initiation of viraemia. In one animal, plasma IL-2 and IFN-γ were consistently higher than in the other three virus-infected animals and the negative control mean. The animal with the strongest IL-2 and IFN-γ responses had the shortest viraemia while the heifer with the lowest IL-2/IFN-γ indices demonstrated the longest viraemia. Evidently, increase in plasma IL-6 and IL-10 precedes seroconversion during BEFV infections in cattle suggesting the two cytokines may influence immunological events that pave way to B-cell activation and seroconversion. While there is remarkable variability in IL-2 and IFN-γ expression amongst BEFV-infected animals, increased plasma levels of the two cytokines appear to be associated with a shorter viraemia. Ongoing studies will help define the precise role of T cells in anti-BEFV adaptive immune responses. Collapse Key Words Adaptive immunity Bovine ephemeral fever Cytokines Innate immunity Collapse MESH Headings Collapse Grants Collapse
14	Darzi A, Hunt N, Super P, Carey D, Guillou P, Monson J. Laparoscopic appendicectomy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/0961625x.1994.11665547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Abstract Collapse Key Words Collapse MESH Headings Collapse Grants Collapse
15	Keene DD, Penn-Barwell JG, Wood PR, Hunt N, Delaney R, Clasper J, Russell RJ, Mahoney PF. Died of wounds: a mortality review. J ROY ARMY MED CORPS 2015;162:355-360. [PMID: 26468431 DOI: 10.1136/jramc-2015-000490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Abstract OBJECTIVES Combat casualty care is a complex system involving multiple clinicians, medical interventions and casualty transfers. Improving the performance of this system requires examination of potential weaknesses. This study reviewed the cause and timing of death of casualties deemed to have died from their injuries after arriving at a medical treatment facility during the recent conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan, in order to identify potential areas for improving outcomes. METHODS This was a retrospective review of all casualties who reached medical treatment facilities alive, but subsequently died from injuries sustained during combat operations in Afghanistan and Iraq. It included all deaths from start to completion of combat operations. The UK military joint theatre trauma registry was used to identify cases, and further data were collected from clinical notes, postmortem records and coroner's reports. RESULTS There were 71 combat-related fatalities who survived to a medical treatment facility; 17 (24%) in Iraq and 54 (76%) in Afghanistan. Thirty eight (54%) died within the first 24 h. Thirty-three (47%) casualties died from isolated head injuries, a further 13 (18%) had unsurvivable head injuries but not in isolation. Haemorrhage following severe lower limb trauma, often in conjunction with abdominal and pelvic injuries, was the cause of a further 15 (21%) deaths. CONCLUSIONS Severe head injury was the most common cause of death. Irrespective of available medical treatment, none of this group had salvageable injuries. Future emphasis should be placed in preventative strategies to protect the head against battlefield trauma. Collapse Key Words Afghan Campaign 2001 Cause of Death Iraq War 2003-2011 United Kingdom military Collapse MESH Headings Collapse Grants Collapse
16	Barigye R, Melville LF, Davis S, Walsh S, Hunt N, Hunt R, Elliot N. Kinetics of pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-10, and virus neutralising antibodies during acute ephemeral fever virus infections in Brahman cattle. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2015;168:159-63. [PMID: 26386675 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Abstract While fever and inflammation are hallmark features of bovine ephemeral fever (BEF), the cytokine networks that underlie the acute phase of the disease have not been empirically defined in cattle. This study characterised the plasma kinetics of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) and IL-10 during acute BEF and elucidated on the relationship between the onset of the virus neutralizing antibody response and resolution of viraemia in natural BEF virus (BEFV) infections in cattle. Plasma from three BEFV-infected and three uninfected cattle was tested for the study cytokines by a cELISA, viraemia monitored by qRT-PCR, and virus neutralizing antibody titres determined using a standard protocol. Unlike the negative controls, plasma concentrations of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 were consistently increased in the three virus-infected animals. Two of the infected heifers were recumbent and pyrexic on the first day of monitoring and increased cytokine production was already in progress by the time viraemia was detected in all the three infected animals. In all the virus-infected heifers, IL-1β was the most strongly expressed cytokine, IL-6 and IL-10 manifested intermediate plasma concentrations while TNF-α was the least expressed and demonstrated bi-phasic peaks three and five days after the onset of pyrexia. In two of the BEFV-infected heifers, viraemia resolved on the day of seroconversion while in the other infected animal, viral RNA was detectable up to three days after seroconversion. The present data document variable increase in plasma IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10 during natural BEFV infections and the fact that upregulation of all but TNF-α precedes seroconversion. In addition to virus neutralising antibodies, it is likely that cytokine-mediated cellular mechanisms may be required for resolution of viraemia in BEF. Considering the anti-inflammatory properties of IL-10, its upregulation may potentially antagonise the fever response in BEFV-infected cattle. Collapse Key Words Bovine ephemeral fever Cytokines Fever Humoral immunity Innate immunity Collapse MESH Headings Collapse Grants Collapse
17	Smith TO, Chester R, Hunt N, Cross JL, Clark A, Donell ST. The Norwich Patellar Instability score: Validity, internal consistency and responsiveness. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERAPY AND REHABILITATION 2015. [DOI: 10.12968/ijtr.2015.22.sup8.s4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Abstract Collapse Key Words Collapse MESH Headings Collapse Grants Collapse
18	Ghosh KM, Hunt N, Blain A, Athwal KK, Longstaff L, Amis AA, Rushton S, Deehan DJ. Isolated popliteus tendon injury does not lead to abnormal laxity in posterior-stabilised total knee arthroplasty. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2015;23:1763-9. [PMID: 25552404 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-014-3488-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Abstract PURPOSE The popliteus tendon is crucial to postero-lateral stability and prone to iatrogenic injury intra-operatively. Its role in the stability of the replaced knee remains contentious. The aim of this study was to use computer navigation to quantify the effect of popliteus sectioning on the 'envelope of laxity' (EoL) offered by a posterior-stabilised (PS) total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and compare with that of the native knee. METHODS Loaded cadaveric legs were mounted on a purpose built rig. EoL was measured in 3 degrees of freedom using computer navigation. Knees were subjectively stressed in varus/valgus, internal/external rotation and anterior draw. This was performed preoperatively, during TKA and after sectioning of the popliteus tendon. Real-time data were recorded at 0°, 30°, 60° and 90° of flexion as the operating surgeon stressed the knee in 3 degrees of freedom to its subjective endpoint. Mixed-effect modelling was used to quantify the effects of intervention on degree of laxity. RESULTS In all conditions, there was an increase in laxity with knee flexion. Insertion of a PS TKA resulted in increased constraint, particularly in rotation. Sectioning of the popliteus did not result in a significant increase in knee laxity to 90º of knee flexion. However, at deeper flexion angles, tendon sectioning overcame the constraints of the implant resulting in a significant increase in rotatory and varus/valgus laxity towards the native condition. CONCLUSION These findings support the view that certain current designs of PS knee replacement can constrain the knee in flexion in the absence of postero-lateral deficiency. For this implant, isolated sectioning of the popliteus tendon did not substantially generate abnormal knee laxity. Collapse Key Words Collapse MESH Headings Collapse Grants Collapse
19	Frost F, Jones G, Lloyd E, Hunt N, Greenwood J, Ledson M, Walshaw M. 277 Can imprisonment be good for patients with CF? J Cyst Fibros 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(14)60412-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Abstract Collapse Key Words Collapse MESH Headings Collapse Grants Collapse
20	Hunt N, Jones G, Phitidis E, Murthy M, Greenwood J, Ledson M, Walshaw M. 295 CF patients diagnosed in adulthood: spectrum of referral source. J Cyst Fibros 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(14)60430-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Abstract Collapse Key Words Collapse MESH Headings Collapse Grants Collapse
21	Phitidis M, Murthy M, Hunt N, Jones G, Fox J, Ledson M, Greenwood J, Walshaw M. 168 Cystic fibrosis: an ageing condition. J Cyst Fibros 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(14)60304-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Abstract Collapse Key Words Collapse MESH Headings Collapse Grants Collapse
22	Hunt N, Phitidis E, Murthy M, Jones G, Greenwood J, Ledson M, Walshaw M. 296 Adult CF diagnosis – missed childhood opportunities or forme fruste disease? J Cyst Fibros 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(14)60431-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Abstract Collapse Key Words Collapse MESH Headings Collapse Grants Collapse
23	Russell R, Hunt N, Delaney R. The Mortality Peer Review Panel: a report on the deaths on operations of UK Service personnel 2002–2013. J ROY ARMY MED CORPS 2014;160:150-4. [DOI: 10.1136/jramc-2013-000215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Abstract Collapse Key Words Collapse MESH Headings Collapse Grants Collapse
24	Hunt N. Diversity is not perversity. Redox Rep 2013. [DOI: 10.1179/135100099101534981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open Abstract Collapse Key Words Collapse MESH Headings Collapse Grants Collapse
25	Breeze J, Leason J, Gibb I, Allanson-Bailey L, Hunt N, Hepper A, Spencer P, Clasper J. Characterisation of explosive fragments injuring the neck. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2013;51:e263-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2013.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Abstract Collapse Key Words Collapse MESH Headings Collapse Grants Collapse