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Yajima K, Kim E, Tani K, Arae H, Iwaoka K, Hosoda M, Tokonami S, Kurihara O, Aono T. External dose measurements to investigate the body-size dependence of personal dosemeter responses in areas affected by the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accident. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2023; 199:2000-2004. [PMID: 37819292 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncac274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
To formulate necessary protective measures after a large-scale nuclear accident, it is crucial to understand the levels of radiation to which persons living in radionuclide-contaminated areas are exposed. Individual monitoring using personal dosemeters (PDs) plays a role in this, although PDs were not originally intended to be used by members of the public. The present study investigated PD responses in areas highly affected by the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accident, as well as the dependence of those measurements on body size. Three types of commercially available electronic PDs, including D-shuttle, which has often been used in Fukushima, were placed on the front surfaces of three age-specific anthropometric phantoms imitating a 5-y-old, a 10-y-old and an adult male, and these phantoms were then exposed to radiation in an open field in the affected area. In the case of D-shuttle, the ratios of PD readings to the ambient dose rate for the 5-y-old phantom and the adult male phantom were 0.79 and 0.72, respectively. The ratios were somewhat higher for the other PDs; any PDs showed higher readings than the effective doses estimated by simulations based on the assumed ground deposition of 134Cs and/or 137Cs over the affected areas.
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Sakr S, Inoue K, Mohamed A, Ahmed AA, ElFeky MG, Saleh GM, Kamar MS, Arae H, Aono T, Sahoo SK. Distribution of natural radionuclides in NORM samples from North Abu Rusheid area, Egypt. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2023; 266-267:107240. [PMID: 37418811 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2023.107240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
The North Abu Rusheid area in Egypt is a well-known high background natural radiation area (HBNRA) due to the existence of naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORMs) in mylonitic rocks. In this study, 27 rock samples were selected for dose estimation studies. 238U and 232Th were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and 40K was measured using sodium iodide (thallium) gamma-ray spectroscopy. The ranges of activity concentrations (Bq/kg) of 238U, 232Th and 40K in the samples varied from 270 ± 2 to 2120 ± 29, 350 ± 2 to 1840 ± 27 and 20 ± 2 to 1390 ± 35 with mean values of 980 ± 349, 770 ± 351, and 640 ± 402 Bq/kg, respectively. The radiological hazard parameters were estimated from activity concentrations of 238U, 232Th and 40K and compared to United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) values. The present study revealed that the hazard parameters were several times higher than the worldwide averages. The U/Th concentration ratio ranged from 0.7 to 3 and could be attributed to the presence of kasolite, uranothorite, zircon, and columbite in mylonitic rocks. From the radiological protection viewpoint, it is necessary to monitor natural radionuclides in these rocks prior to their use in residential and commercial construction materials.
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Hirano Y, Shinya Y, Aono T, Hasegawa H, Kawashima M, Shin M, Takami H, Takayanagi S, Umekawa M, Ikemura M, Ushiku T, Taoka K, Tanaka S, Saito N. The Role of Stereotactic Frame-Based Biopsy for Brainstem Tumors in the Era of Molecular-Based Diagnosis and Treatment Decisions. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:4558-4565. [PMID: 35877220 PMCID: PMC9318548 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29070360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Stereotactic frame-based brain tumor biopsy (SFB) is a potent diagnostic tool considering its minimal invasiveness, though its diagnostic power and safety for brainstem lesions remain to be discussed. Here, we aimed to examine the usefulness of SFB for brainstem tumors. Twenty-two patients with brainstem tumors underwent 23 SFBs at our institution during 2002–2021. We retrospectively analyzed patient characteristics, tumor pathology, surgical procedures, and outcomes, including surgery-related complications and the diagnostic value. Seven (32%) tumors were located from the midbrain to the pons, eleven (50%) in the pons only, and four (18%) from the pons to the medulla oblongata. The target lesions were in the middle cerebellar peduncles in sixteen procedures (70%), the cerebellum in four (17%), the inferior cerebellar peduncles in two (9%), and the superior cerebellar peduncles in one (4%). A definitive diagnosis was made in 21 patients (95%) at the first SFB. The diagnoses were glioma in seventeen (77%) cases, primary central nervous system lymphoma in four (18%), and a metastatic brain tumor in one (5%). The postoperative complications (cranial nerve palsy in three [13%] cases, ataxia in one [4%]) were all transient. SFB for brainstem tumors yields a high diagnostic rate with a low risk of morbidity.
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Aono T, Ono H, Tanishima T, Tamura A, Saito I. T11/T12 ossification of the yellow ligament contributing to thoracic myelopathy in patient with posterior fossa arachnoid cyst and acquired incidental Chiari I malformation/syrinx. Surg Neurol Int 2021; 12:246. [PMID: 34221577 PMCID: PMC8247752 DOI: 10.25259/sni_404_2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Thoracic ossification of the yellow ligament (OYL) may contribute to myelopathy. In the case presented, the patient additionally had a chronic posterior fossa arachnoid cyst with an acquired Chiari I malformation and cervicothoracic syrinx. Case Description: A 40-year-old female with a posterior fossa arachnoid cyst found 17 years ago, and newly acquired Chiari I malformation (tonsils down 5 mm) with a C7-T5 syrnix, presented with the new onset of lower extremity myelopathy. The MR documented marked dorsolateral cord compression due to T11/T12 OYL. Six months following a laminectomy for resection of OYL, the patient was asymptomatic. Conclusion: In patients presenting with the new onset of lower extremity myelopathy, evaluation of the complete neuraxis may be warranted. Here, the patient has an unchanged posterior fossa arachnoid cyst with an acquired Chiari I malformation/C7-T5 syrinx. However, the patient’s symptoms were fully attributed to the MR-documented T11/T12 OYL that was successfully resected.
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Kasar S, Mishra S, Sahoo SK, Kavasi N, Omori Y, Arae H, Sorimachi A, Aono T. Sorption-desorption coefficients of uranium in contaminated soils collected around Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2021; 233:106617. [PMID: 33866199 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2021.106617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Various radionuclides including fission products and heavy nuclides were released into the environment during the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (FDNPS) accident. The dissolution followed by migration of deposited radionuclides of Cs, Sr and U on soils could take place to the local environment. Therefore, it is necessary to determine sorption-desorption coefficients of U in soil-water system around the FDNPS from a migration viewpoint. The determination of sorption coefficient Kd(S) as well as desorption coefficient Kd(D) for U has been carried out in the present study using a laboratory batch method. Stable U was used for sorption from simulated ground water onto contaminated soil samples collected from Okuma Town, Fukushima. Different soil parameters were measured to understand their effects on sorption and desorption processes. The obtained Kd(S) and Kd(D) values of U were compared with values of Kd(S) and Kd(D) of Cs and Sr and Kd(S)-U in known Fukushima accident contaminated soils reported in the literature for better understanding. It was observed that Kd(S)-U varied from 160 to 5100 L/kg, whereas Kd(D)-U ranged from 200 to 11000 L/kg. Kd(D) was higher than Kd(S) for U in these soils implying irreversibility of the sorption process. Pearson's correlation of Kd(S) values suggested that U sorption is affected by various soil parameters. However, desorption is decided by the nature of U species formed in sorption process and soil parameters like pH, presence of carbonates, Ca ions, clay minerals etc. to some extent. The comparison between Kd(S) and Kd(D) values for Cs, Sr and U revealed that unsorbed Sr could migrate farther than unsorbed Cs or U under the present experimental conditions. Both sorption and desorption studies are of great importance to understand migration of metal ions from contaminated sites to local uncontaminated areas.
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Murugan R, Kavasi N, Sahoo SK, Omori Y, Sorimachi A, Takahashi H, Aono T. Measurement of uranium isotope ratios in Fukushima-accident contaminated soil samples using multi collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2021; 232:106568. [PMID: 33740532 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2021.106568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, 137Cs and 238U activity concentrations, 234U/238U activity ratio, and 235U/238U isotope ratio were measured in fifteen soil samples collected from the exclusion zone around the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (FDNPS). The 137Cs activity concentrations of Fukushima-accident contaminated soil samples ranged from 29.9 to 4780 kBq kg-1 with a mean of 2007 kBq kg-1. On the other hand, the 238U activity concentrations of these soil samples ranged from 5.2 to 22.4 Bq kg-1 with a mean of 13.2 Bq kg-1. The activity ratios of 234U/238U ranged from 0.973 to 1.023. The 235U/238U isotope ratios of these exclusion zone soil samples varied from 0.007246 to 0.007260, and they were similar to the natural terrestrial ratio confirming the natural origin. Using isotope dilution technique, the 235U/137Cs activity ratio was theoretically estimated for highly 137Cs contaminated soil samples from Fukushima exclusion zone ranged from 5.01 × 10-8 - 6.16 × 10-7 with a mean value of 2.51 × 10-7.
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Aono T, Shinya Y, Miyawaki S, Sugiyama T, Kumagai I, Takenobu A, Shin M, Saito N, Teraoka A. Changes in the Risk of Stroke in Dialysis Patients: A Retrospective Analysis over the Last 40 Years. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:350. [PMID: 34068165 PMCID: PMC8170903 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13050350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The stroke incidence in hemodialysis (HD) patients is high, but the associated factors remain largely unknown. This study aimed to analyze stroke incidence in HD patients and changes in risk factors. Data of 291 patients were retrospectively analyzed. The cumulative stroke incidences were 21.6% at 10 years and 31.5% at 20. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) significantly increased overall stroke (hazard ratio (HR), 2.24; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.21-4.12; p = 0.001) and ischemic stroke (HR, 2.16; 95% CI, 1.00-4.64; p = 0.049). Patients treated with online HDF were less likely to have overall stroke (HR, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.03-0.56; p = 0.006) and ischemic stroke (HR, 0.08; 95% CI, 0.01-0.60; p = 0.014). DN (HR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.08-2.27; p = 0.019) and age >80 years at HD initiation (20-49 years old; HR 0.13, 95% CI, 0.05-0.35, p < 0.001 and age 50-79 years; HR 0.42, 95% CI, 0.26-0.66, p < 0.001 (reference: age >80 years)) were significantly associated with stroke and/or death events. Over time, stroke risk increased in HD patients, due to the increasing number of DN. Although dialysis technology has advanced over time, these advances could not overcome other risk factors for stroke. Further increase in stroke and mortality due to aging remains a concern.
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Aono T, Ono H, Inoue T, Tanishima T, Tamura A, Saito I. Impact of Extracranial-Intracranial Bypass on Cognitive Function in a Patient with Chronic Cerebral Ischemia. Asian J Neurosurg 2021; 16:212-216. [PMID: 34211898 PMCID: PMC8202360 DOI: 10.4103/ajns.ajns_485_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracranial–intracranial (EC-IC) arterial bypass surgery was developed to prevent subsequent stroke by improving hemodynamics distal to the occluded intracranial artery, but its utilization has been decreasing due to the development in medical treatment. However, EC-IC bypass surgery may be effective for arresting or reversing cognitive decline in patients with cerebral ischemia. A 69-year-old man with the left internal carotid artery occlusion that manifested as scattered cerebral infarction of the left hemisphere presented with dysarthria and transient right hemiparesis. Hemodynamic condition was impaired in the left side, and therefore, EC-IC bypass surgery was performed to prevent recurrence of cerebral infarction. Neuropsychological examination at 6 months after the surgery showed marked improvement as compared to the preoperative examination and there was no recurrence of stroke in the patient. EC-IC bypass may contribute to the improvement of cognitive function as well as the prevention of recurrence of cerebral infarction in patients with hemodynamic insufficiency, but there might be a threshold of hemodynamic impairment with respect to the reversibility of cognitive performance. Investigation of the target and timing can identify cases in which the cognitive function is improved by surgery.
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Aono T, Watanabe T, Toshima T, Takahashi T, Otaki Y, Wanezaki M, Kutsuzawa D, Kato S, Tamura H, Nishiyama S, Takahashi H, Arimoto T, Shishido T, Watanabe M. Elevated serum carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen predicts clinical outcome in patients with acute coronary syndrome who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.1605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Serum carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (I-CTP) is a collagen degradation product of type I collagen in the extracellular matrix of the heart, blood vessels, and bone. The serum levels of I-CTP were reportedly a predictive marker for cardiac remodeling after acute myocardial infarction. However, it remains unclear whether I-CTP can predict poor clinical outcome in patient with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).
Purpose
The aim of this study was to investigate the association between serum levels of I-CTP and clinical outcome in patients with ACS.
Methods
Serum levels of I-CTP were measured in 200 patients with ACS who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). All patients were prospectively followed during the median follow-up period of 1312 days with the end point of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). We divided the patients into tertiles according to serum I-CTP level: low I-CTP group (≤4.4 ng/ml, n=72), middle I-CTP group (4.4–6.4 ng/ml, n=65), and high I-CTP group (≥6.5 ng/ml, n=63).
Results
There were 44 MACE, including 24 all-cause death and 9 rehospitalization due to heart failure. I-CTP was significantly higher in patients with MACE than those without (4.90 [interquartile range (IQR): 3.80–6.38] ng/ml vs. 6.65 [IQR: 5.00–10.08] ng/ml, p<0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that patients in the highest tertile of I-CTP had the greatest risk of MACE. In a univariate analysis, age, Albumin, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and I-CTP were significant predictors of MACE. A multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis showed that the high I-CTP group had a higher risk for MACE (Hazard ratio [HR] 2.6, p=0.049) compared with the low I-CTP group after adjusting for confounding factors.
Conclusions
I-CTP was significantly associated with MACE, suggesting that I-CTP could be a reliable marker for clinical outcome in patients with ACS who underwent PCI.
Figure 1
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Matsuda K, Okayama H, Kazatani T, Okabe H, Kido S, Aono T, Tanaka Y, Kosaki T, Kawamura G, Shigematsu T, Kawata Y, Hiasa G, Yamada T, Kazatani Y. Clinical usefulness of relative apical sparing pattern for predicting functional recovery after transcatheter aortic valve implantation in patients with severe aortic stenosis. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.0132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Relative apical sparing pattern (RASP) is thought to be associated with prognosis in patients with cardiac amyloidosis or left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Although almost all patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) have LVH, little is known about the effect of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) in patients with severe AS exhibiting a RASP.
Purpose
This study aimed to elucidate the effect of TAVI on left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LS; LVGLS) in patients with severe AS exhibiting a RASP.
Methods
Eighty-four patients who underwent transfemoral or subclavian TAVI were evaluated. They were divided into the RASP and non-RASP groups. The average apical LS divided by the sum of the average mid and basal LS values of >1.0 was defined as the RASP. We analyzed the difference between pre- and post-TAVI LVGLS (ΔGLS = post-TAVI LVGLS − pre-TAVI LVGLS).
Results
Of the 84 patients (mean age, 84.5±3.9 years; 24 men), 15 (17.9%) exhibited a RASP. No significant difference in mean pre-TAVI LVGLS was found between the RASP and non-RASP groups (−16.6% ± 3.8% vs. −15.8% ± 3.9%). The ΔGLS in the RASP group was significantly higher than that in the non-RASP group (−0.97% ± 2.5% vs. −2.6% ± 3.0%; P<0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that relative apical longitudinal strain was an independent predictor of ΔGLS (β = 0.35, p=0.002).
Conclusion
Relative apical longitudinal strain was associated with LVGLS recovery. The effect of TAVI on LVGLS in patients with a RASP is inferior to that in patients without a RASP.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Hirano Y, Ono H, Inoue T, Aono T, Tanishima T, Tamura A, Saito I. Superficial temporal artery-superior cerebellar artery bypass and proximal occlusion through anterior petrosal approach for subarachnoid hemorrhage due to basilar artery dissection. Surg Neurol Int 2020; 11:256. [PMID: 33024594 PMCID: PMC7533090 DOI: 10.25259/sni_402_2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) due to rupture of basilar artery dissection (BAD) is extremely rare and often has a poor prognosis. Since ruptured BAD has high rate of rebleeding and mortality, treatment to prevent rerupture is mandatory in the acute phase. However, to date, no optimal treatment has been established which satisfies secure prevention of rerupture and ischemia simultaneously. Herein, we report a case of SAH due to BAD treated with proximal occlusion of basilar artery with superficial temporal artery (STA)-superior cerebellar artery (SCA) bypass, preventing rebleeding securely and ensuring adequate blood flow in the upper basilar region. Case Description: A 48-year-old male presenting with headache and altered mental status was found to have SAH and BAD. To prevent rerupture, proximal occlusion of basilar artery with STA-SCA bypass using anterior transpetrosal approach was performed. The postoperative course was relatively good and there is no evidence of recurrent arterial dissection. Conclusion: Proximal occlusion of the basilar artery combined with STA-SCA bypass was successful in preventing rerupture of BAD and ensuring blood flow in the upper basilar region. Although there is controversy regarding acute treatment for ruptured BAD, direct proximal occlusion with sufficient revascularization using bypass skull base technique may be one of the optimal treatments even in this era of endovascular treatment.
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Aono T, Watanabe T, Kato S, Tamura H, Nishiyama S, Takahashi H, Arimoto T, Shishido T, Watanabe M. 5950Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio could predict adverse clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz746.0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is increasing with aging of the population, whereas the mechanisms of HFpEF remain poorly understood. It was reported that systemic inflammation is associated with pathophysiology of HFpEF. Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) is a marker of systemic inflammation, which predicts clinical outcomes in various cancers. However, the prognostic value of LMR has not yet been elucidated in patients with HFpEF.
Purpose
The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of LMR on clinical outcomes in patients with HFpEF.
Methods and results
We prospectively analyzed 414 consecutive patients with HFpEF. Preserved EF was defined as an EF ≥50%. During a median follow-up period of 740 days, there were 111 major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). When patients were divided into tertiles according to LMR, Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that the low LMR was associated with the greatest risk for MACE. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed that the low LMR was significantly associated with MACE after adjustment for confounding factors.
Conclusions
Low LMR could predict poor clinical outcomes in patients with HFpEF. LMR is a feasible marker for predicting MACE in patients with HFpEF.
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Watanabe K, Narumi T, Watanabe T, Aono T, Goto J, Sugai T, Toshima T, Kato S, Tamura H, Nishiyama S, Takahashi H, Arimoto T, Shishido T, Watanabe M. P1626MicroRNA-21 deteriorates left ventricular reverse remodeling by promoting cardiac fibrosis in non-ischemic cardiomyopathy. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Left ventricular reverse remodeling (LVRR) contributes to better outcomes in patients with non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM). It is reported that LVRR is associated with progression of cardiac fibrosis. MicroRNAs (miRs) have emerged as powerful regulators of post-transcriptional gene expression. We focused on miR-21, which plays a key role in pathogenesis of fibrosis in multiple organs. The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of miR-21 on cardiac fibrosis and LVRR in patients with NICM.
Methods
We measured plasma miR-21 levels in 16 patients with NICM. LVRR was defined as increased LVEF by ≥10% and decreased LV end-diastolic diameter index by ≥10% from baseline data after optimal medication treatment at 1-year of follow-up. Further, we examined miR-21 expression and its potential role in cardiac fibrosis induced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) in mice and angiotensin II (Ang II) stimulation in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs).
Results
There were 12 patients without LVRR and 4 patients with LVRR. Plasma miR-21 levels were significantly higher in patients without LVRR compared with those with LVRR. In TAC mice heart, miR-21 levels were significantly increased and programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4), a main target of miR-21, was decreased. In vitro, miR-21 levels were significantly increased and its upstream transcriptional factor, activator protein 1 (AP-1), was activated by Ang II stimulation in NRCMs. After transfection of miR-21 specific inhibitor, PDCD4 levels were upregulated. Furthermore, AP-1 activity, expression of collagen type I, and α-smooth muscle actin levels were significantly decreased after miR-21 inhibition.
Conclusions
These findings suggested that miR-21/PDCD4/AP-1 feedback loop pathway was involved in LVRR in patients with NICM by promoting cardiac fibrosis. MiR-21 can be the therapeutic target in NICM.
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Kawamura G, Okayama H, Kido S, Aono T, Matsuda K, Tanaka Y, Iseki Y, Hosokawa S, Kosaki T, Shigematsu T, Kawada Y, Hiasa G, Yamada T, Kazatani Y. P6005Incidence and clinical characteristics of coronary artery spasm in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz746.0725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Substantial cases of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) due to acute coronary syndrome have been recognized thus far, but there have been few reports about the aetiology of patients with OHCA without the organic heart disease. Especially, coronary artery spasm would be one of the causes of OHCA.
Purpose
This study aimed to investigate causes of OHCA without the organic heart disease and to investigate the characteristics and angiographic findings of OHCA patients with vasospastic angina (VSA).
Methods
Between January 2010 and April 2018, 920 patients with OHCA caused by probable or definite cardiovascular disease were transferred to our hospital. Return of spontaneous contraction was successfully achieved in 151 patients, among whom diagnosis was made in 130 patients. First, we analysed the causes of OHCA in these patients. Second, we compared clinical and angiographic characteristics between the VSA group with OHCA (OHCA-VSA) and the VSA group without OHCA (stable VSA; n=72) from our database.
Results
Among the 130 patients, 95 (73%) had the organic heart disease; 72, acute coronary syndrome; 19, myocardial disease; 2, valvular heart disease; and 1, congenital heart disease. There were 35 patients (27%) without the organic heart disease. Nineteen patients had primary (i.e., Brugada syndrome, QT prolongation) or secondary arrhythmia (i.e. drug adverse effect). Electrocardiogram, coronary angiogram, and LV structure and function were normal in 35 patients. However, there were 16 patients (11%) with VSA defined by Japanese guideline. The OHCA-VSA group was significantly younger (50±14) than the stable VSA group (64±11, P=0.003). The incidence of diffuse-type spasm in the OHCA-VSA group (100%) was significantly higher than that in the stable VSA group (100% vs. 69%, P<0.05). In addition, the incidence of triple-vessel coronary spasm in the OHCA-VSA group was significantly higher than that in the stable VSA group (86% vs. 25%, P=0.003).
Conclusion
OHCA patients without the organic heart disease had considerable cases of VSA, in addition to primary or secondary arrhythmia. Furthermore, the severity of spasm in the OHCA-VSA group was more serious and extensive than in comparison with the stable VSA group.
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Katoh S, Watanabe T, Arimoto T, Narumi T, Aono T, Goto J, Sugai T, Takahashi T, Tamura H, Nishiyama S, Takahashi H, Shishido T, Watanabe M. P3355Stress-induced left ventricular dyssynchrony predicts future cardiac events in patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.0231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Prognostic value of stress induced left ventricular (LV) dyssynchrony has not been fully understood.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible impact between cardiovascular events and stress induced worsening LV dyssynchrony.
Methods and results
One hundred and eighty consecutive subjects with known or suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) (142 men, mean age 68±12 years) underwent both gated myocardial single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with 99mTc-sestamibi or tetrofosmin according to a standard same day stress-rest protocol and coronary angiography or coronary computed tomography. The summed difference score (SDS) was calculated in every subjects. LV ejection fraction (EF) and phase Entropy at after stress and rest were determined by cardioREPO software. We determined %ΔEntropy = (stress Entropy - rest Entropy)/rest Entropy x100, as an indicator of stress-induced LV dyssynchrony. In the study population, the mean SDS was 2.7±3.9 and LVEF was 58±16%, stress and rest Entropy were 0.62±0.15 and 0.57±0.13, respectively.
%ΔEntropy was higher in patients with CAD than in those without CAD (3.3±11.5 vs. 10.2±15.0, respectively). Moreover, there was a strict correlation between the presence of CAD and %ΔEntropy, indicator of stress induced LV dyssynchrony (non-CAD vs. CAD and/or 1 vessel disease vs. multivessel disease: 4.3±12.5 vs. 8.8±15.6 vs. 12.7±14.3, respectively. p<0.05)
We examined all study subjects and they were divided into 2 groups by cut off value of the %ΔEntropy constructed with receiver operating characteristic curve (=15.4). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that future cardiovascular event rate was significantly higher in %ΔEntropy >15.4 group (20/57) than in %ΔEntropy <15.4 group (24/123) (Log-rank p<0.01). On the other hand, summed stress score and SDS were no significant differences between 2 groups.
However, SDS was higher in patients with future cardiovascular event than in those without cardiovascular event (4.4±5.4 vs. 2.2±3.2, respectively. p=0.001).
Conclusion
In patients with known or suspected CAD, stress-induced worsening LV dyssynchrony may predict the presence of CAD and future cardiac events.
Acknowledgement/Funding
None
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Aono T, Watanabe T, Takahashi T, Kato S, Tamura H, Nishiyama S, Takahashi H, Arimoto T, Shishido T, Watanabe M. 5945Single nucleotide polymorphisms of PAR2 gene is associated with subclinical myocardial damage in the general population. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz746.0095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
The protease activated receptor (PAR) 2 is a G protein-coupled receptor and expressed in cardiomyocytes, vascular cells, and leukocytes. Experimental studies demonstrated that PAR2 signaling is associated with adverse cardiac remodeling, heart failure, vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. Recently, we and others demonstrated that subclinical myocardial damage is associated with cardiovascular mortality in general population. However, the impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of PAR2 gene on subclinical myocardial damage in general population is unclear.
Purpose
The aim of this study was to investigate whether SNPs of PAR2 gene is associated with subclinical myocardial damage in general population.
Methods
The present study included 2,926 apparently healthy subjects (aged ≥40) who participated in a community-based health checkup. We investigated 639 SNPs and measured serum heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) as markers of subclinical myocardial damage.
Results
We found the association of SNPs rs616235 within a PAR2 gene with subclinical myocardial damage. The homozygous A-allele (AA), heterozygous (AG), and homozygous G-allele (GG) carriers of rs616235 were identified in 2084 (71%), 791 (27%), and 51 (2%) subjects, respectively. The prevalence rates of subclinical myocardial damage were 29% in AA carriers, 23% in AG carriers, and 18% in GG carriers. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that the homozygous (AA) of rs616235 was independently associated with subclinical myocardial damage (odds ratio: 1.330, 95% confidence interval: 1.077–1.641, P=0.0080) after adjustment for conventional cardiovascular risk factors.
Conclusions
Genetic variant of PAR2 gene was independently associated with subclinical myocardial damage in the general population.
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Kasar S, Sahoo SK, Arae H, Mishra S, Tokonami S, Aono T. URANIUM, THORIUM AND RARE EARTH ELEMENTS DISTRIBUTION IN FUKUSHIMA SOIL SAMPLES. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2019; 184:363-367. [PMID: 31330003 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncz075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Uranium, thorium and rare earth elements (REEs) in soil samples contaminated by Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident was determined using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). This information provides knowledge about concentration levels of REEs in soil samples as a background data after FDNPP accident. Chondrite-normalised REEs pattern does not show enrichment in concentrations of REEs, which could be related to FDNPP accident. The high concentration of these elements at few sampling points may be due to soil formation process from granitic rocks.
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Goto J, Otaki Y, Watanabe T, Aono T, Watanabe K, Toshima T, Kato S, Tamura H, Nishiyama S, Arimoto T, Takahashi H, Shishido T, Kubota I, Watanabe M. P1615HECT-Type Ubiquitin E3 Ligase ITCH attenuates cardiac hypertrophy by suppressing Wnt signaling pathway. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The homologous to the E6-AP carboxyl terminus (HECT)–type ubiquitin E3 ligase ITCH is an enzyme that plays an important role in ubiquitin proteasomal protein degradation. Dishevelled proteins (Dvl1, Dvl2 and Dvl3), which are involved in canonical Wnt/β catenin signaling pathway, play a role in cardiac hypertrophy.
Purpose
The aim of this study was to examine whether ITCH interacts with Dvls and prevents cardiac hypertrophy induced by pressure overload.
Methods and results
We confirmed the protein interaction between ITCH and Dvls in cardiomyocytes. Overexpression of ITCH decreased protein expression levels of Dvls, phospho-GSK3β and β-catenin. Conversely, knockdown of ITCH using small interfering RNA augmented canonical Wnt/β catenin signaling pathway. Thoracic transverse aortic constriction (TAC) was performed in transgenic mice with cardiac-specific overexpression of ITCH (ITCH-Tg) and wild-type (WT) mice. The canonical Wnt/β catenin signaling pathway was inhibited and cardiac hypertrophy was attenuated in ITCH-Tg mice compared with WT mice after TAC.
Overexpression of ITCH in cardiomyocytes
Conclusion
We demonstrated that ITCH targets Dvls for ubiquitin-proteasome degradation in cardiomyocytes and ameliorates cardiac hypertrophy by suppressing canonical Wnt/β catenin signaling pathway.
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Kawamura G, Okayama H, Kawaguchi N, Kido S, Matsuda K, Aono T, Kosaki T, Hosokawa S, Tanaka Y, Shigematsu T, Kawada Y, Hiasa G, Yamada T, Matsuoka H, Kazatani Y. P1712Diagnostic performance of coronary flow reserve ratio for the detection of coronary artery disease on 13N-ammonia positron emission tomography. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.p1712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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20
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Bu W, Zheng J, Aono T, Wu J, Tagami K, Uchida S, Guo Q, Yamada M. Pu Distribution in Seawater in the Near Coastal Area off Fukushima after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.14494/jnrs.15.1_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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21
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Kavasi N, Sahoo SK, Sorimachi A, Tokonami S, Aono T, Yoshida S. Measurement of 90Sr in soil samples affected by the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-014-3649-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Takata H, Aono T, Tagami K, Uchida S. Concentration ratios of stable elements for selected biota in Japanese estuarine areas. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2010; 49:591-601. [PMID: 20711600 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-010-0317-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2009] [Accepted: 07/29/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
For the estimation of radiation doses to organisms, concentration ratios (C ( R )s) of radionuclides are required. In the present study, C(R)s of various elements were obtained as analogues of radionuclides for algae, molluscs, and crustaceans, in eight estuarine areas around Japan. The elements measured were Na, Mg, K, Ca, V, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Rb, Sr, Y, Mo, Cd, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Pb, and U. The geometric mean (GM) values of C(R)s (GM-C(R)s) for alkali and alkaline earth elements, Mo, and U for all biota, as well as V for crustaceans, were less than 100 L/kg, while GM-C(R)s for the other elements were higher. When the obtained GM-C(R)s were compared with the C(R)s recommended in IAEA Technical Report Series 422 for marine organisms, no big differences between them were found; however, several elements (i.e. Cd and U for algae, Mn for molluscs, and Pb for crustaceans) were lower than the recommended C(R)s. In the present study, conversion factors (the ratio of C(R) for the whole body to that for muscle) for molluscs and crustaceans were also calculated, since data on edible parts of these organisms are generally available in the literature. For crustaceans, GM conversion factors of all the elements were more than one. For molluscs, GM conversion factors of rare earth elements and U were slightly higher than those for crustaceans, while GM conversion factors of the other elements were almost the same and less than 10. These results indicate that some elements tend to be concentrated in the internal organs of biota collected in the estuarine areas. For environmental radiological assessment, conversion factors from tissue to whole-body C(R) values are useful parameters.
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Nakanishi T, Kusakabe M, Aono T, Yamada M. Simultaneous measurements of cosmogenic radionuclides 32P, 33P and 7Be in dissolved and particulate forms in the upper ocean. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-008-7374-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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24
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Zheng J, Yamada M, Aono T, Kusakabe M. Vertical distribution of uranium concentrations and 235U/238U atom ratios in the coastal water off Aomori, Japan: A survey prior to the operation of a nuclear fuel reprocessing facility. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-006-0446-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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25
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Golub A, Aono T, Meir Y. Suppression of shot noise in quantum point contacts in the "0.7 regime". PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2006; 97:186801. [PMID: 17155566 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.186801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Experimental investigations of current shot noise in quantum point contacts show a reduction of the noise near the 0.7 anomaly. It is demonstrated that such a reduction naturally arises in a model proposed recently to explain the characteristics of the 0.7 anomaly in quantum point contacts in terms of a quasibound state, due to the emergence of two conducting channels. We calculate the shot noise as a function of temperature, applied voltage, and magnetic field, and demonstrate an excellent agreement with experiments. It is predicted that, with decreasing temperature, voltage, and magnetic field, the dip in the shot noise is suppressed due to the Kondo effect.
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