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Jiang Y, Meyers TJ, Emeka AA, Cooley LF, Cooper PR, Lancki N, Helenowski I, Kachuri L, Lin DW, Stanford JL, Newcomb LF, Kolb S, Finelli A, Fleshner NE, Komisarenko M, Eastham JA, Ehdaie B, Benfante N, Logothetis CJ, Gregg JR, Perez CA, Garza S, Kim J, Marks LS, Delfin M, Barsa D, Vesprini D, Klotz LH, Loblaw A, Mamedov A, Goldenberg SL, Higano CS, Spillane M, Wu E, Carter HB, Pavlovich CP, Mamawala M, Landis T, Carroll PR, Chan JM, Cooperberg MR, Cowan JE, Morgan TM, Siddiqui J, Martin R, Klein EA, Brittain K, Gotwald P, Barocas DA, Dallmer JR, Gordetsky JB, Steele P, Kundu SD, Stockdale J, Roobol MJ, Venderbos LD, Sanda MG, Arnold R, Patil D, Evans CP, Dall’Era MA, Vij A, Costello AJ, Chow K, Corcoran NM, Rais-Bahrami S, Phares C, Scherr DS, Flynn T, Karnes RJ, Koch M, Dhondt CR, Nelson JB, McBride D, Cookson MS, Stratton KL, Farriester S, Hemken E, Stadler WM, Pera T, Banionyte D, Bianco FJ, Lopez IH, Loeb S, Taneja SS, Byrne N, Amling CL, Martinez A, Boileau L, Gaylis FD, Petkewicz J, Kirwen N, Helfand BT, Xu J, Scholtens DM, Catalona WJ, Witte JS. Genetic Factors Associated with Prostate Cancer Conversion from Active Surveillance to Treatment. HGG ADVANCES 2022; 3:100070. [PMID: 34993496 PMCID: PMC8725988 DOI: 10.1016/j.xhgg.2021.100070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Men diagnosed with low-risk prostate cancer (PC) are increasingly electing active surveillance (AS) as their initial management strategy. While this may reduce the side effects of treatment for prostate cancer, many men on AS eventually convert to active treatment. PC is one of the most heritable cancers, and genetic factors that predispose to aggressive tumors may help distinguish men who are more likely to discontinue AS. To investigate this, we undertook a multi-institutional genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 5,222 PC patients and 1,139 other patients from replication cohorts, all of whom initially elected AS and were followed over time for the potential outcome of conversion from AS to active treatment. In the GWAS we detected 18 variants associated with conversion, 15 of which were not previously associated with PC risk. With a transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS), we found two genes associated with conversion (MAST3, p = 6.9×10-7 and GAB2, p = 2.0×10-6). Moreover, increasing values of a previously validated 269-variant genetic risk score (GRS) for PC was positively associated with conversion (e.g., comparing the highest to the two middle deciles gave a hazard ratio [HR] = 1.13; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]= 0.94-1.36); whereas, decreasing values of a 36-variant GRS for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels were positively associated with conversion (e.g., comparing the lowest to the two middle deciles gave a HR = 1.25; 95% CI, 1.04-1.50). These results suggest that germline genetics may help inform and individualize the decision of AS-or the intensity of monitoring on AS-versus treatment for the initial management of patients with low-risk PC.
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Perren F, Blanke O, Landis T. Reply to: “1.5 Dissociation” of somatoparaphrenia for the upper limb and neglect for the lower limb following a thalamic stroke presenting as flaccid hemiparesis: rehabilitation applications and neuroscience implications. Exp Brain Res 2019; 237:587. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-019-05475-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Wu Y, Yu H, Zheng SL, Na R, Mamawala M, Landis T, Wiley K, Petkewicz J, Shah S, Shi Z, Novakovic K, McGuire M, Brendler CB, Ding Q, Helfand BT, Carter HB, Cooney KA, Isaacs WB, Xu J. A comprehensive evaluation of CHEK2 germline mutations in men with prostate cancer. Prostate 2018. [PMID: 29520813 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Germline mutations in CHEK2 have been associated with prostate cancer (PCa) risk. Our objective is to examine whether germline pathogenic CHEK2 mutations can differentiate risk of lethal from indolent PCa. METHODS A case-case study of 703 lethal PCa patients and 1455 patients with low-risk localized PCa of European, African, and Chinese origin was performed. Germline DNA samples from these patients were sequenced for CHEK2. Mutation carrier rates and their association with lethal PCa were analyzed using the Fisher exact test and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. RESULTS In the entire study population, 40 (1.85%) patients were identified as carrying one of 15 different germline CHEK2 pathogenic or likely pathogenic mutations. CHEK2 mutations were detected in 16 (2.28%) of 703 lethal PCa patients compared with 24 (1.65%) of 1455 low-risk PCa patients (P = 0.31). No association was found between CHEK2 mutation status and early-diagnosis or PCa-specific survival time. However, the most common mutation in CHEK2, c.1100delC (p.T367 fs), had a significantly higher carrier rate (1.28%) in lethal PCa patients than low-risk PCa patients of European American origin (0.16%), P = 0.0038. The estimated Odds Ratio of this mutation for lethal PCa was 7.86. The carrier rate in lethal PCa was also significantly higher than that (0.46%) in 32 461 non-Finnish European subjects from the Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC) (P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS While overall CHEK2 mutations were not significantly more common in men with lethal compared to low-risk PCa, the specific CHEK2 mutation, c.1100delC, appears to contribute to an increased risk of lethal PCa in European American men.
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Schnider A, Regard M, Landis T. Anterograde and retrograde amnesia following bitemporal infarction. Behav Neurol 2014; 7:87-92. [PMID: 24487293 DOI: 10.3233/ben-1994-7207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A patient suffered very severe anterograde and retrograde amnesia following infarction of both medial temporal lobes (hippocampus and adjacent cortex) and the left inferior temporo-occipital area. The temporal stem and the amygdala were intact; these structures do not appear to be critical for new learning in humans. Extension of the left-sided infarct into the inferior temporo-occipital lobe, an area critically involved in visual processing, appears to be responsible for our patient's loss of remote memories.
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Allali G, Allet L, Beauchet O, Landis T, Assal F, Armand S. Hydrocéphalie à pression normale : étude de la marche en condition de double tâche. Neurophysiol Clin 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neucli.2011.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Perren F, Fankhauser L, Thiévent B, Pache JC, Delavelle J, Rochat T, Landis T, Chizzolini C. Late adult onset of Langerhans cell histiocytosis mimicking glioblastoma multiforme. J Neurol Sci 2011; 301:96-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2010.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2010] [Revised: 11/04/2010] [Accepted: 11/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Armand S, Allet L, Landis T, Beauchet O, Assal F, Allali G. Interest of dual-task-related gait changes in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. Eur J Neurol 2010; 18:1081-4. [PMID: 21749572 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2010.03242.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gait disorders in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) share similar characteristics found in pathologies presenting with higher-level gait disorders that have been specifically associated with gait changes during walking while simultaneously performing an attention-demanding task (i.e. dual tasking). The current study assessed the effect of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tapping on quantitative gait modification during single and dual tasking in patients with a suspicion of iNPH. METHODS Of 53 patients suspected of iNPH, 18 have been included in this study. Gait analysis during single- and dual-task condition (walking and backward counting) before and after tapping of 40 ml CSF has been performed. RESULTS Gait speed (P < 0.01) and stride length (P < 0.05) were significantly improved during dual-task conditions after CSF tapping compared to the gait performance before spinal tapping, without such improvement for gait parameters during single-tasking. CONCLUSION Dual-tasking condition better reveals gait improvement after CSF tapping than single-tasking in patients suspected of iNPH.
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Khateb A, Pegna AJ, Michel CM, Custodi MC, Landis T, Annoni JM. Semantic Category and Rhyming Processing in the Left and Right Cerebral Hemisphere. Laterality 2010; 5:35-53. [PMID: 15513129 DOI: 10.1080/713754355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the question of hemispheric abilities in processing explicit semantic and phonological information was addressed by measuring response latencies and performances in two judgement tasks. In the semantic task, word pairs were sequentially presented to the left or right visual field and subjects were asked to judge whether these words were categorically related or not. In the phonological task, the same subjects were asked to decide whether pairs of orthographically dissimilar words rhymed or not. Statistical analysis showed that reaction times (RT) were significantly shorter in both tasks when words were presented to the right visual field. Furthermore, in the semantic task, faster responses were observed in both visual fields when the words were related than when they were unrelated. This response facilitation tended to be stronger when words were presented to the left visual field. This result is in accordance with other results obtained by lexical decision studies showing that priming in the right hemisphere is due to controlled processing. By contrast, RT differences between rhyming and non-rhyming word pairs in the phonological task did not reach significance. This supports previous findings showing that phonological facilitation cannot occur when orthographic and phonological indices are in conflict.
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Armand S, Landis T, Beauchet O, Assal F, Allali G. 057 EFFECT OF SPINAL TAP ON DUAL TASK RELATED GAIT CHANGES IN PATIENTS WITH SUSPICION OF NORMAL PRESSURE HYDROCEPHALUS. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1353-8020(10)70058-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Burkhard PR, Frackowiak RS, Landis T, Vingerhoets FJG. [Neuroimmunology and neurovirology]. REVUE MEDICALE SUISSE 2009; 5:931-932. [PMID: 19476054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
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Sperli F, Rentsch D, Despland PA, Foletti G, Jallon P, Picard F, Landis T, Seeck M. Psychiatric comorbidity in patients evaluated for chronic epilepsy: a differential role of the right hemisphere? Eur Neurol 2009; 61:350-7. [PMID: 19365127 DOI: 10.1159/000210547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2008] [Accepted: 12/08/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Psychiatric disorders are known to occur frequently in chronic epilepsy. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of psychiatric comorbidity and its relationship to regional cerebral dysfunction in patients admitted to a tertiary epilepsy center for epilepsy surgery. METHODS 217 patients were investigated. A presurgical workup was performed and allowed precise localization of the epileptogenic focus in 156 patients. Sixty-one patients had multifocal or generalized discharges. After 1-3 psychiatric interviews, a psychiatric diagnosis was made (DSM-IV classification). RESULTS Psychiatric comorbidity was found in 85 patients (39%), more often in those with right or bilateral hemispheric dysfunction (74%, p = 0.04) with no difference between temporal or extratemporal foci location frequency. Additionally, patients with psychiatric disorders were less likely to undergo epilepsy surgery compared to 'epilepsy-only' patients (p = 0.003), despite similar good outcome in patients with and without psychiatric comorbidity. CONCLUSIONS Right-sided or bilateral foci seem to represent a risk factor for psychiatric comorbidity in epilepsy, although we did not find any particular association between a psychiatric syndrome and focus localization. Recognition and treatment of psychiatric comorbidity is of major importance since its presence may interfere with patient's decision making for epilepsy surgery treatment.
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Mégevand P, Pilly B, Delavelle J, Tajouri N, Safran AB, Landis T, Lüscher C. Sixth cranial nerve palsy and contralateral hemiparesis (Raymond's syndrome) sparing the face. J Neurol 2009; 256:1017-8. [PMID: 19252793 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-009-5041-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2008] [Revised: 01/06/2009] [Accepted: 01/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Emond H, Landis T, Perren F. From amaurosis fugax to asymptomatic bithalamic infarct. J Neurol 2009; 256:1007-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00415-009-5030-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2008] [Revised: 10/29/2008] [Accepted: 11/19/2008] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Zhao C, Lu S, Truffert A, Tajouri N, Zhao K, Mateo Montoya A, Dosso A, Landis T, Safran AB. Corneal nerves alterations in various types of systemic polyneuropathy, identified by in vivo confocal microscopy. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2008; 225:413-7. [PMID: 18454383 DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1027259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) is a newly developed application to assess corneal nerve morphology. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the role of IVCM in the assessment of various types of polyneuropathy, and to define alterations of corneal nerves in such conditions. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eighteen patients with various types of polyneuropathy were characterized by clinical neurological and ophthalmic examinations, as well as by electroneuromyography (ENMG). Full thickness IVCM of corneal nerves was carried out on all patients and 15 age-matched eyes using Heidelberg Retina Tomograph II (HRT II). The subbasal nerve plexus were statistically analysed regarding long nerve fiber density, nerve branch density, nerve thickness, nerve bead number and nerve tortuosity. RESULTS In subbasal nerve plexus, the following three parameters were significantly reduced in patients with polyneuropathy compared to controls: long nerve fibre density (p < 0.01), nerve branch density (p < 0.001), and nerve bead number (p = 0.001). In addition, the average grade of nerve tortuosity was 2.87 +/- 0.97 in the polyneuropathic group and 1.17 +/- 0.68 in the control group (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS IVCM allows a non-invasive, in vivo study of corneal nerves with high resolution. It therefore appears invaluable in clinical investigations. IVCM appears to be valuable in a large variety of polyneuropathic conditions.
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Burkhard PR, Vingerhoets FJG, Landis T, Du Pasquier RA. [Neuropsychiatry]. REVUE MEDICALE SUISSE 2008; 4:1131-1132. [PMID: 18630166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
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Regard M, Schiess R, Landis T. Höhere Hirnfunktionen und Epilepsie - mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Leistungen vor und nach Amygdalohippokampektomie. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1060213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Pot C, Burkhard PR, Villard J, Perrin L, Kaiser L, Landis T, Lalive PH. HUMAN HERPESVIRUS-6 VARIANT A ENCEPHALOMYELITIS. Neurology 2008; 70:974-6. [DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000297197.79009.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Blanke O, Brooks A, Mercier M, Spinelli L, Adriani M, Lavanchy L, Safran AB, Landis T. Distinct mechanisms of form-from-motion perception in human extrastriate cortex. Neuropsychologia 2007; 45:644-53. [PMID: 17049953 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2005] [Revised: 07/13/2006] [Accepted: 07/23/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The exquisite sensitivity of the human visual system to form-from-motion (FfM) cues is well documented. However, identifying the neural correlates of this sensitivity has proven difficult, particularly determining the respective contributions of different motion areas in extrastriate visual cortex. Here we measured visual FfM perception and more elementary visual motion (VM) perception in a group of 32 patients suffering from acute posterior brain damage, and performed MRI-based lesion analysis. Our results suggest that severe FfM perception deficits without an associated deficit of VM perception are due to damage to ventral occipito-temporal cortex (VOT), whereas associated deficits of FfM and VM perception are due to damage either in proximity to area MT+/V5 or an area including lateral occipital complex (LOC) and VOT. These data suggest the existence of at least three functionally and anatomically distinct regions in human visual cortex that process FfM signals.
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Vulliemoz S, Lurati-Ruiz F, Borruat FX, Delavelle J, Koralnik IJ, Kuntzer T, Bogousslavsky J, Picard F, Landis T, Du Pasquier RA. Favourable outcome of progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy in two patients with dermatomyositis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2006; 77:1079-82. [PMID: 16914758 PMCID: PMC2077730 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2006.092353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy (PML), a demyelinating disease caused by the JC virus (JCV), occurs in immunosuppressed patients and carries a poor prognosis. A favourable outcome is reported in two patients with PML and dermatomyositis. Immunosuppressive drugs were stopped in patient 1 but could only be partially tapered in patient 2. The JCV-specific CD8+ T cell response was strong in patient 1 and weak in patient 2. Both were treated with cytosine-arabinoside, and patient 2 was also treated with mirtazapine, a 5HT2A receptor antagonist. Combination of these drugs might be helpful to treat HIV-negative patients with PML.
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Perren F, Loulidi J, Graves R, Yilmaz H, Rüfenacht D, Landis T, Sztajzel R. Combined IV-intra-arterial thrombolysis: A color-coded duplex pilot study. Neurology 2006; 67:324-6. [PMID: 16864830 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000224884.05596.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The authors compared the transcranial color-coded duplex pattern of the middle cerebral arteries (MCAs) before and after IV and combined IV-intra-arterial (IV-IA) thrombolysis in consecutive first-ever stroke patients. Patients receiving combined IV-IA thrombolysis showed greater improvement in flow signal and higher incidence of complete MCA recanalization vs those receiving IV thrombolysis, especially when the MCA was occluded or had only minimal flow.
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Ortigue S, Mégevand P, Perren F, Landis T, Blanke O. Double dissociation between representational personal and extrapersonal neglect. Neurology 2006; 66:1414-7. [PMID: 16682676 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000210440.49932.e7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although perceptual and representational neglect are frequently associated, the demonstration of a double dissociation between both neglect forms suggests that both rely on different central mechanisms. In addition, perceptual neglect can be selectively observed within personal space or extrapersonal space. However, it is not known whether the latter dissociation also exists in representational neglect. METHODS The authors investigated this question in two brain-damaged patients with anatomically different lesions sites, using neuropsychological tests specifically designed to assess perceptual and representational neglect in both personal and extrapersonal space. RESULTS Patients presented a double dissociation with respect to personal and extrapersonal space in representational neglect. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that the cerebral networks that process mental space representation use similar principles of space compartmentalization as those used by cerebral networks processing perceived space.
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Rossetti AO, Perrig S, Landis T, Despland PA, Seeck M. [Status epilepticus and neuronal degeneration: of circuitries and vicious circles]. REVUE MEDICALE SUISSE 2006; 2:1185-6, 1189-91. [PMID: 16734191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between status epilepticus (SE) and neuronal degeneration is quite complex and difficult to investigate. Animal studies suggest that SE induces a progressive neuronal death; however, clinical observations on humans are less uniform: generalized SE may precede the development of hippocampal sclerosis, but other forms (such as simple-partial or complex-partial) seem less ominous. On the other side, SE can be encountered in many patients with neurodegenerative disorders, particularly those with severe forms. It is thus likely that SE represents a sign, rather than an aetiology, of clinical gravity. Therefore, while it is ancillary to treat rapidly any SE form, the therapeutic approach, especially the use of aggressive treatments, should be tailored according to the underlying medical conditions.
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Landis BN, Leuchter I, San Millán Ruíz D, Lacroix JS, Landis T. Transient hemiageusia in cerebrovascular lateral pontine lesions. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2006; 77:680-3. [PMID: 16614035 PMCID: PMC2117445 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2005.086801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge of human central taste pathways is largely based on textbook (anatomical dissections) and animal (electrophysiology in vivo) data. It is only recently that further functional insight into human central gustatory pathways has been achieved. Magnetic resonance imaging studies, especially selective imaging of vascular, tumoral, or inflammatory lesions in humans has made this possible. However, some questions remain, particularly regarding the exact crossing site of human gustatory afferences. We present a patient with a pontine stroke after a vertebral artery thrombosis. The patient had infarctions in areas supplied by the anterior inferior cerebellar artery and showed vertical diplopia, right sided deafness, right facial palsy, and transient hemiageusia. A review of the sparse literature of central taste disorders and food preference changes after strokes with a focus on hemiageusia cases is provided. This case offers new evidence suggesting that the central gustatory pathway in humans runs ipsilaterally within the pons and crosses at a higher, probably midbrain level. In patients with central lesions, little attention has been given to taste disorders. They may often go unnoticed by the physician and/or the patient. Central lesions involving taste pathways seem to generate perceptions of quantitative taste disorders (hemiageusia or hypogeusia), in contrast to peripheral gustatory lesions that are hardly recognised as quantitative but sometimes as qualitative (dysgeusia) taste disorders by patients.
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Brodbeck V, Amedi A, Pascual-Leone A, Landis T, Michel C, Thut G. Visual evoked potentials (VEP) without Visual Input: EEG Correlates of Phosphene Perception after single pulse TMS. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-939113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Seeck M, Pegna AJ, Ortigue S, Spinelli L, Dessibourg CA, Delavelle J, Blanke O, Michel CM, Landis T, Villemure JG. Speech arrest with stimulation may not reliably predict language deficit after epilepsy surgery. Neurology 2006; 66:592-4. [PMID: 16505321 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000199254.67398.a7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The authors present a patient in whom electrical cortical stimulation of the posterior temporal cortex induced speech arrest, comprehension deficits, and other language-related impairments. This area was ultimately resected because of persistence of a severe seizure disorder. No postoperative aphasia was observed despite the cortical stimulation results, and the patient is since seizure free. These findings question the well-established principle that corticography directly reflects local cortical functions in all patients.
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