2926
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Liu S, Sneddon L. Mixing in charge-density-wave conductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1987; 35:7745-7748. [PMID: 9941094 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.35.7745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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2927
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Tong MJ, Liu S, Co RL. Persistence of serum hepatitis B virus deoxyribonucleic acid in hepatitis B surface antigen-positive patients with chronic persistent hepatitis treated with prednisone. Gastroenterology 1987; 92:862-6. [PMID: 3556993 DOI: 10.1016/0016-5085(87)90958-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The effect of a short course of prednisone therapy was evaluated in 8 patients with liver biopsy-verified chronic persistent hepatitis B. In 6 of the 8 (75%) patients, an abrupt fall in serum alanine aminotransferase levels after the initiation of prednisone was noted, and in 4 patients, there was an increase in serum alanine aminotransferase values after prednisone was discontinued. However, the serum levels of hepatitis B virus deoxyribonucleic acid were consistently greater than or equal to 200 pg before, during, and after the course of treatment in 7 of the 8 (87.5%) patients. All patients were initially hepatitis B e antigen-positive and remained so during the study period. These findings indicate that, unlike some patients with chronic active hepatitis B, immunosuppression with prednisone had no effect in altering hepatitis B viral replication in patients with chronic persistent hepatitis.
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2928
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Meyer RD, Liu S. Determination of the effect of antimicrobics in combination against Listeria monocytogenes. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 1987; 6:199-206. [PMID: 3105948 DOI: 10.1016/0732-8893(87)90013-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The in vitro activity of selected penicillins, extended spectrum cephalosporins, vancomycin, gentamicin, erythromycin, tetracycline, rifampin, and trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole (alone and in combination) was determined by microtiter technique for 20 isolates of Listeria monocytogenes. The activity of selected combinations of antimicrobics was determined by the microtiter checkboard technique. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (1:20 ratio) was the most active agent in inhibitory tests and also showed bactericidal activity. The combinations of gentamicin with either ampicillin or vancomycin and that of erythromycin with tetracycline showed bactericidal effect in synergy studies. Combining ampicillin with an extended spectrum cephalosporin showed no antagonism, whereas, combining rifampin with trimethoprim or with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole led only to indifference or antagonism. These observations may have importance in selection of therapy in animal models or in selected clinical situations.
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2929
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Karolyi IJ, Liu S, Erickson RP. Susceptibility to phenytoin-induced cleft lip with or without cleft palate: many genes are involved. Genet Res (Camb) 1987; 49:43-9. [PMID: 3569906 DOI: 10.1017/s0016672300026719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
SummaryIn a search for genetic differences in susceptibility to cleft lip with or without cleft palate [CL(P)], congenic and recombinant inbred strains of mice were treated with phenytoin or control injections. Of six loci tested, five were found to affect susceptibility to phenytoin-induced and/or sporadic CL(P): (1) the major histocompatibility locus,H-2; (2) the locus controlling β2-microglobulin,B2m; (3) a locus controlling β-glucuronidase,Gus; (4) the locus controllingN-acetyl transferase,Nat; and (5) the locus for brown pigmentation,b. B2mandGusonly affected the sporadic incidence of CL(P), while theblocus only affected phenytoin-induced incidence of CL(P). Three of these loci are also known to affect glucocorticoid-induced isolated cleft palate (CP), but different alleles of the loci are involved. Phenytoin did not affect levels of adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) in palates and tongues of day 15 fetuses. A comparison of glucocorticoid receptor parameters with the incidence of phenytoin-induced CL(P) found no correlation.
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2930
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Liu S, O'Brien EM. Infant's apnea, bradycardia and tachycardia monitor based on the Z-80 microprocessor. Comput Biol Med 1987; 17:269-77. [PMID: 3665454 DOI: 10.1016/0010-4825(87)90013-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Home monitoring has been increasingly adopted by pediatricians to help in the prevention of sudden infant death syndrome. The home monitor can be made reliable, easy to operate, inexpensive, and capable of data storage. This can be done by using a microprocessor and a minimum number of integrated circuit chips. Simple real-time algorithm's and digital hardware have been developed to achieve this goal.
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2931
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Liu S, Lai GF, Wang HC. [Synthesis of new antitumor platinum (II) and (IV) complexes]. YAO XUE XUE BAO = ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA 1987; 22:56-61. [PMID: 3604694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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2932
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Ju G, Liu S, Tao J. Projections from the hypothalamus and its adjacent areas to the posterior pituitary in the rat. Neuroscience 1986; 19:803-28. [PMID: 3796817 DOI: 10.1016/0306-4522(86)90300-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Cholera toxin conjugated horseradish peroxidase was injected into the posterior pituitary and its afferents traced in 21 albino rats. The neuronal processes as well as the perikarya were elaborately displayed. The principal and retrochiasmatic supraoptic nuclei and the magnocellular paraventricular subnuclei were densely labelled. The accessory cell groups or nuclei labelled included: the medial preoptic and anterior hypothalamic areas, the anterior and posterior fornical nuclei, the lateral hypothalamic area, the nucleus circularis and nucleus of the forebrain bundle and hitherto unknown or not fully appreciated retrochiasmatic area, the dorsal accessory groups in an area between the stria medullaris and fornix, on the one hand, and the stria terminalis and internal capsule, on the other, and a well developed subependymalperiventricular zone. The medial preoptic nucleus, subfornical organ and organ vasculosum laminae terminalis were also weakly stained. Dendrites of the magnocellular paraventricular nucleus have been said by some to be largely confined to the subnuclei in which they lie. Immunohistochemical studies have proved that they extended beyond their nuclear confinement. The present study has found much wider extension of their dendritic fields. In fact, dendrites of the magnocellular neurosecretory cells in general were long and had a certain degree of directional bias. Several sites projecting to the posterior pituitary were closely related to the cerebrospinal fluid. Namely, the subependymal neuronal plexuses along the third ventricle and beneath the interventricular foramen, and the subpial dendritic plexuses of the supraoptic and retrochiasmatic supraoptic nuclei. Neurons were seen to squeeze in-between the ependymal cells, bringing themselves very close to the cerebrospinal fluid. No direct cerebrospinal fluid-contacting elements, either cell bodies or processes, however, could be ascertained. It is proposed that these plexuses may monitor changes in the cerebrospinal fluid. Besides the principal neurohypophysial tract the posterior pituitary was found in the present study to receive its afferents via two accessory fasciculi, one coursing in the medial forebrain bundle and the other running along the lateral wall of the infundibular recess subependymally.
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2933
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Hakuba A, Liu S, Nishimura S. The orbitozygomatic infratemporal approach: a new surgical technique. SURGICAL NEUROLOGY 1986; 26:271-6. [PMID: 3738722 DOI: 10.1016/0090-3019(86)90161-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Lesions in the parasellar region and the interpeduncular fossa, including medial-third sphenoid wing meningiomas, petroclival meningiomas, trigeminal neurinomas, and basilar tip aneurysms, are very difficult to approach for radical procedures. To minimize brain retraction and achieve excellent exposure in the shortest possible distance for safe manipulation within these regions, the authors have developed a new surgical technique, an orbitozygomatic infratemporal approach. Sixteen patients with parasellar tumors, nine patients with basilar tip aneurysms, and one patient with a P-1 distal aneurysm were operated on using this orbitozygomatic infratemporal approach, with excellent results. The operative technique and its results are detailed.
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2934
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Zhang G, Li QX, Ho PP, Liu S, Wu ZK, Alfano RR. Dependence of specklon size on the laser beam size via photo-induced light scattering in LiNbO3:Fe. APPLIED OPTICS 1986; 25:2955. [PMID: 18235558 DOI: 10.1364/ao.25.002955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
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2935
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Tang-Liu DDS, Liu S, Richman J, Weinkam R. HPLC Quantitation of Levobunolol and Its Metabolite, Dihydrolevobunolol in Biological Fluids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1986. [DOI: 10.1080/01483918608074145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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2936
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Tiku K, Tiku ML, Liu S, Skosey JL. Normal human neutrophils are a source of a specific interleukin 1 inhibitor. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 1986. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.136.10.3686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
In the course of our study on neutrophil production of an interleukin 1 (IL-1)-like factor, we found that the addition of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) to monocytes cultured in the presence of zymosan resulted in decreased IL 1 activity of the resultant supernatant, suggesting that PMN may contain an inhibitor of IL 1. The objective of this investigation was to study this IL 1 inhibitor which normal human PMN contain. The inhibitor is constitutively present in the PMN because 0 hr PMN lysates and unstimulated PMN supernatants also show inhibitory activity. The PMN inhibitor inhibits IL 1 (crude and partially purified) in a dose-response manner and does not affect basal [3H]thymidine incorporation in the presence or absence of PHA-P. The PMN inhibitor does not have any effect on interleukin 2 (IL 2)-induced proliferation of the IL 2-dependent CTLL cells. The inhibitor can be generated in the absence of serum and is not produced as a result of proteolytic activity from PMN enzymes. The inhibitor is heat-labile and is most stable at neutral pH. Gel filtration studies on Sephadex G-200 indicate that the inhibitor is heterogeneous in size. Two inhibitory peaks, at 45,000 to 70,000 m.w. and at greater than 160,000 m.w., were observed. When zymosan-stimulated PMN supernatant was chromatographed, there was separation of inhibitory factor from a 17,000 m.w. proliferating factor. Presence of this PMN inhibitor may be important in negative regulation of IL 1.
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2937
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Tiku K, Tiku ML, Liu S, Skosey JL. Normal human neutrophils are a source of a specific interleukin 1 inhibitor. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 1986; 136:3686-92. [PMID: 3486218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In the course of our study on neutrophil production of an interleukin 1 (IL-1)-like factor, we found that the addition of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) to monocytes cultured in the presence of zymosan resulted in decreased IL 1 activity of the resultant supernatant, suggesting that PMN may contain an inhibitor of IL 1. The objective of this investigation was to study this IL 1 inhibitor which normal human PMN contain. The inhibitor is constitutively present in the PMN because 0 hr PMN lysates and unstimulated PMN supernatants also show inhibitory activity. The PMN inhibitor inhibits IL 1 (crude and partially purified) in a dose-response manner and does not affect basal [3H]thymidine incorporation in the presence or absence of PHA-P. The PMN inhibitor does not have any effect on interleukin 2 (IL 2)-induced proliferation of the IL 2-dependent CTLL cells. The inhibitor can be generated in the absence of serum and is not produced as a result of proteolytic activity from PMN enzymes. The inhibitor is heat-labile and is most stable at neutral pH. Gel filtration studies on Sephadex G-200 indicate that the inhibitor is heterogeneous in size. Two inhibitory peaks, at 45,000 to 70,000 m.w. and at greater than 160,000 m.w., were observed. When zymosan-stimulated PMN supernatant was chromatographed, there was separation of inhibitory factor from a 17,000 m.w. proliferating factor. Presence of this PMN inhibitor may be important in negative regulation of IL 1.
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2938
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Meyer RD, Liu S. In vitro activity of aryl fluoroquinolones, Abbott 56619 and Abbott 56620, compared to ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and beta-lactams versus multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Chemotherapy 1986; 32:425-30. [PMID: 3093154 DOI: 10.1159/000238446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The new aryl fluoroquinolones, Abbott 56619 and Abbott 56620, were compared to ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and newer beta-lactam agents in standardized microtiter testing versus multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacilli. Ciprofloxacin, followed by Abbott 56620, was generally the most active quinolone and imipenem the most active beta-lactam agent.
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2939
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Birch CJ, Heath RL, Marshall JA, Liu S, Gust ID. Isolation of feline rotaviruses and their relationship to human and simian isolates by electropherotype and serotype. J Gen Virol 1985; 66 ( Pt 12):2731-5. [PMID: 2999316 DOI: 10.1099/0022-1317-66-12-2731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Rotaviruses were detected by electron microscopy in the faecal specimens of six clinically well cats and virus was subsequently isolated from four of them. Analysis of the RNA of the isolates showed the existence of three electrophoretic types characteristic of the 'long' RNA electrophoretic pattern exhibited by rotaviruses. All feline isolates were neutralized only by antiserum to SA11 rotavirus, indicating that these isolates were serotype 3 rotaviruses. Antiserum prepared against a feline strain neutralized all the feline isolates as well as SA11 but showed no neutralizing activity against human isolates of serotype 1, 2 or 4.
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2940
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Tiku ML, Liu S, Weaver CW, Teodorescu M, Skosey JL. Class II histocompatibility antigen-mediated immunologic function of normal articular chondrocytes. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 1985; 135:2923-8. [PMID: 2931476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Using monoclonal antibodies, we examined the display of rabbit Ia by articular chondrocytes. We found that 29 to 46% of chondrocytes displayed Ia antigen compared with 46 to 60% of spleen cells. Ia antigen expression was not likely to be the result of enzyme treatment. To investigate antigen presenting activity of enzyme dissociated normal articular chondrocytes, adult rabbits were immunized in the front foot pads with ovalbumin (OVA) in complete Freund's adjuvant. Four to six weeks later, draining popliteal lymph node cells (LNC) were obtained. Articular chondrocytes were obtained by overnight collagenase, DNase, and hyaluronidase digestion of cartilage from both ends of femurs and proximal end of tibias. Antigen-presenting cells from spleen were used as positive controls. LNC and nylon wool-purified T cells were cultured with OVA pulsed and mitomycin C-treated chondrocytes or spleen cells, and lymphocyte proliferation was measured by 3H-TdR uptake. Both chondrocytes and spleen cells showed antigen presenting activity, and stimulation of lymphocyte proliferation was inhibited by murine monoclonal anti-rabbit Ia antibody (2C4), whereas control plasmacytoma cell supernatants had no effect. When T cells were purified first by Sephadex G-10 and later by nylon wool columns, these cells were dependent on antigen-presenting cells for immunogen (OVA)-induced lymphocyte proliferation. Again, chondrocytes under these strict experimental conditions presented antigen to T cells. Chondrocytes also stimulated autologous and allogeneic normal lymphocytes. Thus, normal chondrocytes have Ia antigens on their surface and can function as antigen-presenting cells. These results are significant for the understanding of local cellular interaction in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis.
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2941
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Tiku ML, Liu S, Weaver CW, Teodorescu M, Skosey JL. Class II histocompatibility antigen-mediated immunologic function of normal articular chondrocytes. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 1985. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.135.5.2923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Using monoclonal antibodies, we examined the display of rabbit Ia by articular chondrocytes. We found that 29 to 46% of chondrocytes displayed Ia antigen compared with 46 to 60% of spleen cells. Ia antigen expression was not likely to be the result of enzyme treatment. To investigate antigen presenting activity of enzyme dissociated normal articular chondrocytes, adult rabbits were immunized in the front foot pads with ovalbumin (OVA) in complete Freund's adjuvant. Four to six weeks later, draining popliteal lymph node cells (LNC) were obtained. Articular chondrocytes were obtained by overnight collagenase, DNase, and hyaluronidase digestion of cartilage from both ends of femurs and proximal end of tibias. Antigen-presenting cells from spleen were used as positive controls. LNC and nylon wool-purified T cells were cultured with OVA pulsed and mitomycin C-treated chondrocytes or spleen cells, and lymphocyte proliferation was measured by 3H-TdR uptake. Both chondrocytes and spleen cells showed antigen presenting activity, and stimulation of lymphocyte proliferation was inhibited by murine monoclonal anti-rabbit Ia antibody (2C4), whereas control plasmacytoma cell supernatants had no effect. When T cells were purified first by Sephadex G-10 and later by nylon wool columns, these cells were dependent on antigen-presenting cells for immunogen (OVA)-induced lymphocyte proliferation. Again, chondrocytes under these strict experimental conditions presented antigen to T cells. Chondrocytes also stimulated autologous and allogeneic normal lymphocytes. Thus, normal chondrocytes have Ia antigens on their surface and can function as antigen-presenting cells. These results are significant for the understanding of local cellular interaction in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis.
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2942
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Liu S. [Preliminary inquiry into the difference in sex ratio at birth in China]. REN KOU YAN JIU = RENKOU YANJIU 1985:49-50. [PMID: 12341120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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2943
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Ji XQ, Zhang HL, Liu S, Zou G. [Selectivity of [D-Ala2-O-benzyl-Ser5]-enkephalin on mu and delta opiate receptor subtypes]. ZHONGGUO YAO LI XUE BAO = ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA 1985; 6:3-5. [PMID: 2986407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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2944
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Abstract
The presence of a retrograde amnesia, when caused by medications given prior to a medical procedure, can pose the medicolegal question of informed consent. This study investigated the retrograde amnesic effects of intravenous diazepam administered prior to gastrointestinal endoscopy. No significant retrograde amnesia was found in case subjects when compared with controls.
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2945
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Liu S, Birch C, Coulepis A, Gust I. Radioimmunofocus assay for detection and quantitation of human rotavirus. J Clin Microbiol 1984; 20:347-50. [PMID: 6092422 PMCID: PMC271327 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.20.3.347-350.1984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A radioimmunofocus assay suitable for quantitation of cell culture-adapted human rotavirus was developed. The method was reproducible, more sensitive than plaque assay, and useful to detect and quantify strains of rotavirus which do not produce plaques. Preliminary results also suggested that the technique will be a useful means of serotyping cell culture-adapted strains of the virus.
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2946
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Tao JY, Ruan YP, Mei QB, Liu S, Tian QL, Chen YZ, Zhang HD, Duan ZX. [Studies on the antiasthmatic action of ligustilide of dang-gui, Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels]. YAO XUE XUE BAO = ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA 1984; 19:561-5. [PMID: 6536161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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2947
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Liu S, Chen JX. [Anti-arrhythmic effect of total saponins of Panax notoginseng]. ZHONGGUO YAO LI XUE BAO = ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA 1984; 5:100-3. [PMID: 6087608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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2948
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Tappe JP, Weitzman I, Liu S, Dolensek EP, Karp D. Systemic Mycobacterium marinum infection in a European hedgehog. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1983; 183:1280-1. [PMID: 6643246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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2949
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Liu S, Patnaik AK, Burk RL. Thymic branchial cysts in the dog and cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1983; 182:1095-8. [PMID: 6683271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Branchial cysts of the thymus were diagnosed in 15 dogs and 2 cats. The main clinical sign was dyspnea. Pleural effusion varied in degree from minimal to severe. In all animals, an encapsulated mass in the cranial mediastinal region was found to consist of multiple epithelial cysts embedded in a stroma of fibrous connective tissue, adipose tissue, and vessels. Surgical resection of the cysts was performed in 7 dogs; 3 dogs survived and were clinically normal for 18 to 36 months.
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2950
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Liu S, Dolensek EP, Tappe JP. Osteosarcoma with multiple metastases in a Panama boat-billed heron. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1982; 181:1396-8. [PMID: 6959989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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