Recall of stimulus-items arranged in a square matrix: Japanese study

A study is reported of recall by Japanese Ss of a variety of Japanese stimulus words arranged in a 5 × 5 matrix. Effects of stimulus presentation location were studied for the different materials as shown by recall accuracy.

The behavior of two captive specimens of the lowland gorilla, Gorilla gorilla gorilla (Savage & Wyman)

This report describes the behavior of two pre-adolescent lowland gorillas in the New York Zoological Park during the summer of 1948. Oka, then an eight-year-old female, and Makoko, a ten-year-old male, were observed in their regular living cages when alone and when placed together. A check-list was prepared and regular half-hour periods of observation were systematically made. Significant behavioral items were compared for the sessions when the animals were alone and when they were together. Comparisons were also made with the data collected by Carpenter from two the data collected by Carpenter from two male mountain gorillas in the San Diego Zoo. The descriptive material obtained during the period of observation should serve as a base line from which to note variations arising from the maturation of the two gorillas in the years to come.