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Young CC, Alvarez JD, Bernlohr RW. Nutrient-dependent methylation of a membrane-associated protein of Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol 1990; 172:5147-53. [PMID: 2203742 PMCID: PMC213174 DOI: 10.1128/jb.172.9.5147-5153.1990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Starvation of a mid-log-phase culture of Escherichia coli B/r for nitrogen, phosphate, or carbon resulted in methylation of a membrane-associated protein of about 43,000 daltons (P-43) in the presence of chloramphenicol and [methyl-3H]methionine. The in vivo methylation reaction occurred with a doubling time of 2 to 5 min and was followed by a slower demethylation process. Addition of the missing nutrient to a starving culture immediately prevented further methylation of P-43. P-43 methylation is not related to the methylated chemotaxis proteins because P-43 is methylated in response to a different spectrum of nutrients and because P-43 is methylated on lysine residues. The characteristics of P-43 are similar to those of a methylated protein previously described in Bacillus subtilis and B. licheniformis (R. W. Bernlohr, A. L. Saha, C. C. Young, B. R. Toth, and K. J. Golden, J. Bacteriol. 170:4113-4118, 1988; K. J. Golden and R. W. Bernlohr, Mol. Gen. Genet. 220:1-7, 1989) and are consistent with the proposal that methylation of this protein functions in nutrient sensing.
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Young CC, Rose SE, Biden EN, Wyatt MP, Sutherland DH. The effect of surface and internal electrodes on the gait of children with cerebral palsy, spastic diplegic type. J Orthop Res 1989; 7:732-7. [PMID: 2760746 DOI: 10.1002/jor.1100070515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether surface and internal fine-wire electromyography electrodes had an effect on gait. The subjects for the experiments were 38 children with the spastic diplegic type of cerebral palsy. The children were filmed using the high-speed cinematographic technique while they walked (a) with no electrodes (unencumbered), (b) with only surface electrodes, and (c) with internal electrodes. Single stance time, step length, cadence, and walking velocity were compared with analysis of variance and Bonferroni t tests. The results included a significant decrease in cadence (-6.3% of unencumbered walking; p less than 0.05) when comparing walking with surface electrodes with walking without any electrodes. The internal electrodes caused significant decreases from normal walking in the following parameters: step length for both the measured leg (-18.6%; p less than 0.005) and the nonmeasured leg (-18.0%; p less than 0.005), cadence (-7.9%; p less than 0.02), and walking velocity (-23.5%; p less than 0.005). Internal electrodes caused significant decreases as compared with surface electrodes in the step length for both the measured leg (15.7%; p less than 0.01) and the nonmeasured leg (15.6%; p less than 0.005) and walking velocity (19.7%; p less than 0.005). Single stance phase did not change significantly in any of the comparisons. It appears that the addition of the surface electrode apparatus does change the normal gait of a subject, causing a large decrease in cadence. The measurement of gait with internal electrodes causes further change in gait, resulting in large decreases in step length and walking velocity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Bernlohr RW, Saha AL, Young CC, Toth BR, Golden KJ. Nutrient-stimulated methylation of a membrane protein in Bacillus licheniformis. J Bacteriol 1988; 170:4113-8. [PMID: 3410825 PMCID: PMC211416 DOI: 10.1128/jb.170.9.4113-4118.1988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
When nitrogen-starved vegetative cells of Bacillus licheniformis A5 were presented with a good nitrogen source in the presence of chloramphenicol and methyl-labeled methionine, a 40-kilodalton (kDa) protein was found to be reversibly methylated, with a half-life of approximately 10 to 15 min. The 40-kDa protein was strongly methylated in response to the addition of ammonia, glutamine, or sodium glutamate nitrogen sources that produce generation times of less than or equal to 90 min) but was very poorly methylated in the absence of a nitrogen source or in the presence of potassium glutamate or histidine (generation times of greater than 150 min). The methylated protein was found to be membrane associated, but the methylation reaction did not appear to be related to chemotaxis, because the spectrum of nutrients that promoted methylation was different from that which prompted a chemotactic response. In addition, the methyl residue on the 40-kDa protein was found to be alkali stable. Approximately 180 to 640 molecules of the methylated protein were found per cell. The characteristics of this methylated protein were consistent with the hypothesis that the reversible methylation of the protein functions in nutrient sensing to regulate growth, cell division, and the initiation of sporulation.
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Klem DE, Atwood WB, Barish BC, Bonneaud GR, Courau A, Donaldson GJ, Dubois R, Duro MM, Elsen EE, Gao SG, Huang YZ, Irwin GM, Johnson RP, Kichimi H, Kirkby J, Koop DE, Ludwig J, Mills GB, Ogawa A, Pal T, Pitthan R, Pollard DL, Prescott CY, Rochester LS, Ruckstuhl W, Sakuda M, Sherman SS, Stroynowski R, Wang SQ, Wojcicki SG, Yamamoto H, Yan WG, Young CC. Measurement of the average lifetime of hadrons containing bottom quarks. PHYSICAL REVIEW. D, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 1988; 37:41-51. [PMID: 9958517 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.37.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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280
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Ruckstuhl W, Stroynowski R, Atwood WB, Barish BC, Bonneaud GR, Courau A, Donaldson GJ, Dubois R, Duro MM, Elsen EE, Gao SG, Huang YZ, Irwin GM, Johnson RP, Kichimi H, Kirkby J, Klem DE, Koop DE, Ludwig J, Mills GB, Ogawa A, Pal T, Pitthan R, Pollard DL, Prescott CY, Rochester LS, Sakuda M, Sherman SS, Wang SQ, Wojcicki SG, Yamamoto H, Yan WG, Young CC. Study of three-prong tau decays and determination of the A1 parameters. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1986; 56:2132-2135. [PMID: 10032899 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.56.2132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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281
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Pal T, Atwood WB, Barish BC, Bonneaud GR, Courau A, Donaldson GJ, Dubois R, Duro MM, Elsen EE, Gao SG, Huang YZ, Irwin GM, Johnson RP, Kichimi H, Kirkby J, Klem DE, Koop DE, Ludwig J, Mills GB, Ogawa A, Pitthan R, Pollard DL, Prescott CY, Rochester LS, Ruckstuhl W, Sakuda M, Sherman SS, Stroynowski R, Wang SQ, Wojcicki SG, Yamamoto H, Yan WG, Young CC. Prompt electron production from the DELCO detector at the SLAC storage ring PEP. PHYSICAL REVIEW. D, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 1986; 33:2708-2710. [PMID: 9956958 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.33.2708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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282
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Yamamoto H, Atwood WB, Baillon PH, Barish BC, Bonneaud GR, Courau A, Donaldson GJ, Dubois R, Duro MM, Elsen EE, Gao SG, Huang YZ, Irwin GM, Johnson R, Kichimi H, Kirkby J, Klem DE, Koop DE, Ludwig J, Mills GB, Ogawa A, Pal T, Perret-Gallix D, Pitthan R, Pollard DL, Prescott CY, Rivkin LZ, Rochester LS, Ruckstuhl W, Sakuda M, Sherman S, Siskind EJ, Stroynowski R, Wang SQ, Wojcicki SG, Yan WG, Young CC. Measurement of D0 lifetime in e+e- annihilation at high energy. PHYSICAL REVIEW. D, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 1985; 32:2901-2910. [PMID: 9956072 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.32.2901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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283
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Karlin K, Young CC, Arend LW. Congenital retinal arteriovenous communication associated with an ipsilateral cranial dermatofibrosarcoma. ANNALS OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 1985; 17:363-5. [PMID: 4014931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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284
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Mills GB, Pal T, Atwood WB, Baillon PH, Barish BC, Bonneaud GR, Courau A, Donaldson GJ, Dubois R, Duro MM, Elsen EE, Gao SG, Huang YZ, Irwin GM, Johnson RP, Kichimi H, Kirkby J, Klem DE, Koop DE, Ludwig J, Ogawa A, Perret-Gallix D, Pitthan R, Pollard DL, Prescott CY, Rivkin LZ, Rochester LS, Ruckstuhl W, Sakuda M, Sherman SS, Siskind EJ, Stroynowski R, Wang SQ, Wojcicki SG, Yamamoto H, Yan WG, Young CC. Upper bound on the tau -neutrino mass from the previously unobserved decay mode tau -->KK pi nu tau. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1985; 54:624-627. [PMID: 10031573 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.54.624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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285
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Yamamoto H, Atwood WB, Baillon PH, Barish BC, Bonneaud GR, Courau A, Donaldson GJ, Dubois R, Duro MM, Elsen EE, Gao SG, Huang YZ, Irwin GM, Johnson R, Kichimi H, Kirkby J, Klem DE, Koop DE, Ludwig J, Mills GB, Ogawa A, Pal T, Perret-Gallix D, Pitthan R, Pollard DL, Prescott CY, Rivkin LZ, Rochester LS, Ruckstuhl W, Sakuda M, Sherman S, Siskind EJ, Stroynowski R, Wang SQ, Wojcicki SG, Yan WG, Young CC. Charged D production in e+e- annihilation at 29 GeV and a limit on D0-D-bar 0 mixing. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1985; 54:522-525. [PMID: 10031540 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.54.522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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286
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Coleman RL, Young CC. In Reply: The Apparent Suppression of Na/K Data Obtained with Ion-Selective Electrodes Is Due to Junction Potential and Activity Coefficient Effects, Not Bicarbonate Binding. Clin Chem 1982. [DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/28.7.1705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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287
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Tang CS, Young CC. Collection and Identification of Allelopathic Compounds from the Undisturbed Root System of Bigalta Limpograss (Hemarthria altissima). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 1982; 69:155-60. [PMID: 16662150 PMCID: PMC426166 DOI: 10.1104/pp.69.1.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Collection of allelopathic chemicals from the undisturbed plant root system is difficult because of their low concentrations and the high level of contaminants in growth media such as soil. A new approach for the continuous trapping of quantities of extracellular chemicals from donor plants is described. Bigalta limpograss (Hemarthria altissima), a tropical forage with allelopathic activities, was established in sand culture. Nutrient solution was circulated continuously through the root system and a column containing XAD-4 resin. Extracellular hydrophobic metabolites were selectively adsorbed by the resin, while inorganic nutrients were recycled to sustain plant growth. Columns were eluted with methanol and the eluate separated into neutral, acidic, and basic fractions. Bioassays of trapped root exudates using lettuce seed combined with paper and thin layer chromatography showed that the inhibitors were mainly phenolic compounds. The active neutral fraction was methylated and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Twelve compounds were identified, with two additional compounds tentatively identified. 3-Hydroxyhydrocinnamic, benzoic, phenylacetic, and hydrocinnamic acids were the major rhizospheric compounds with known growth regulatory activities.Inasmuch as the root system was undisturbed and the recovery of exudates was highly efficient compared to conventional solvent extraction methods, this trapping system should be useful for a wide range of studies that relate to the chemistry of the rhizosphere.
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Coleman RL, Young CC. Evidence for formation of bicarbonate complexes with Na+ and K+ under physiological conditions. Clin Chem 1981. [DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/27.11.1938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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289
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Coleman RL, Young CC. Evidence for formation of bicarbonate complexes with Na+ and K+ under physiological conditions. Clin Chem 1981; 27:1938-9. [PMID: 7296848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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290
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Coleman RL, Young CC, Sidoni L. In Reply: More on Direct Potentiometry—the Ion-Selective Electrode vs Flame Photometry. Clin Chem 1980. [DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/26.13.1922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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291
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Shyr C, Young CC. Effect of sample protein concentration on results of analyses for sodium and potassium in serum. Clin Chem 1980; 26:1517. [PMID: 7408188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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292
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Shyr C, Young CC. Effect of sample protein concentration on results of analyses for sodium and potassium in serum. Clin Chem 1980. [DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/26.10.1517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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293
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Ribaud P, Kelsen DP, Alcock N, Garcia-Giralt E, Dubouch P, Young CC, Muggia FM, Burchenal JH, Mathé G. Preclinical and phase I studies of malonatoplatinum. Recent Results Cancer Res 1980; 74:156-62. [PMID: 7444137 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-81488-4_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
After preclinical toxicologic study in baboons, we are conducting a phase I trial of malonatoplatinum, starting with 3 mg/kg and now reaching 1 mg/kg. Toxicity, mainly hematologic, was mild and our study was mainly limited by poor solubility. Regressions, which have been rare in the advanced-tumor patients, have been observed in three patients considered as clinically resistant to cisdichlorodiammino-platinum (DDP). Malonatoplatinum pharmacokinetics appeared similar to those of DDP as far as total platinum is concerned.
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Young CC, Bunney WE, Crooks M, Cummings GD, Forsbeck FC. Diphtheria Studies: I-The Significance of the Schick Test in the Adult. Am J Public Health Nations Health 1934; 24:835-49. [PMID: 18014032 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.24.8.835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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295
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Young CC, Park WH. LABORATORY: DELETERIOUS EFFECTS FROM SERUM INJECTIONS. Am J Public Health Nations Health 1928; 18:354-9. [PMID: 18012429 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.18.3.354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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297
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Young CC, Coles HW, Levine M. LABORATORY: INFLUENCE OF BILE AND BRILLIANT GREEN ON RATE OF GROWTH OF COLON BACILLI. Am J Public Health (N Y) 1927; 17:1274-7. [PMID: 18012356 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.17.12.1274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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298
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Young CC, Long ER. LABORATORY: THE PREPARATION AND STANDARDIZATION OF TUBERCULIN. Am J Public Health (N Y) 1926; 16:1046-8. [PMID: 18011981 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.16.10.1046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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