276
|
Patafio FM, Brooks SC, Wei X, Peng Y, Biagi J, Booth CM. Research output and the public health burden of cancer: is there any relationship? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 23:75-80. [PMID: 27122971 DOI: 10.3747/co.23.2935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The relative distribution of research output across cancer sites is not well described. Here, we evaluate whether the volume of published research is proportional to the public health burden of individual cancers. We also explore whether research output is proportional to research funding. METHODS Statistics from the Canadian and American cancer societies were used to identify the top ten causes of cancer death in 2013. All journal articles and clinical trials published in 2013 by Canadian or U.S. authors for those cancers were identified. Total research funding in Canada by cancer site was obtained from the Canadian Cancer Research Alliance. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to describe the relationship between research output, cancer mortality, and research funding. RESULTS We identified 19,361 publications and 2661 clinical trials. The proportion of publications and clinical trials was substantially lower than the proportion of deaths for lung (41% deaths, 15% publications, 16% clinical trials), colorectal (14%, 7%, 6%), pancreatic (10%, 7%, 5%), and gastroesophageal (7%, 5%, 3%) cancers. Conversely, research output was substantially greater than the proportion of deaths for breast cancer (10% deaths, 29% publications, 30% clinical trials) and prostate cancer (8%, 15%, 17%). We observed a stronger correlation between research output and funding (publications r = 0.894, p < 0.001; clinical trials r = 0.923, p < 0.001) than between research output and cancer mortality (r = 0.363, p = 0.303; r = 0.340, p = 0.337). CONCLUSIONS Research output is not well correlated with the public health burden of individual cancers, but is correlated with the relative level of research funding.
Collapse
|
277
|
Wang X, Zhang Q, Zhang H, Gao L, Ran J, Li Q, Liu R, Wei S, Luo H, Wei X, Liu Z, Sun S, Xu L. EP-1474: The preliminarily results of carbon ion radiotherapy in 60 patients. Radiother Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(16)32724-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
278
|
Li L, Wang M, Wang M, Wu X, Geng L, Xue Y, Wei X, Jia Y, Wu X. A long non-coding RNA interacts with Gfra1 and maintains survival of mouse spermatogonial stem cells. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2140. [PMID: 26962690 PMCID: PMC4823932 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are unique male germline stem cells that support spermatogenesis and male fertility. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) have been identified as key regulators of stem cell fate; however, their role in SSCs has not been explored. Here, we report that a novel spermatogonia-specific lncRNA (lncRNA033862) is essential for the survival of murine SSCs. LncRNA033862 is expressed in early spermatogonia including SSC and was among 805 lncRNAs identified by global expression profiling as responsive to glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), a growth factor required for SSC self-renewal and survival. LncRNA033862 is an antisense transcript of the GDNF receptor alpha1 (Gfra1) that lacks protein coding potential and regulates Gfra1 expression levels by interacting with Gfra1 chromatin. Importantly, lncRNA033862 knockdown severely impairs SSC survival and their capacity to repopulate recipient testes in a transplantation assay. Collectively, our data provide the first evidence that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate SSC fate.
Collapse
|
279
|
Schilt Y, Berman T, Wei X, Barenholz Y, Raviv U. Using solution X-ray scattering to determine the high-resolution structure and morphology of PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin nanodrugs. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1860:108-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2015.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
280
|
Sun JC, He F, Yi W, Wan MH, Li R, Wei X, Wu R, Niu DL. High expression of HIF-2α and its anti-radiotherapy effect in lung cancer stem cells. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2015; 14:18110-20. [PMID: 26782458 DOI: 10.4238/2015.december.22.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-2 alpha (HIF-2α) has been shown to regulate cell stemness, although the expression and effects of HIF-2α in lung cancer stem cells remained unclear. This study investigated HIF-2α expression in lung cancer stem cells, as well as the relationship between HIF-2α expression and radioresistance in lung cancer cells. Stem-like cells (CD133(+)) in the non-small-cell lung cancer cell line A549 were enriched by serum-free culture conditions, and CD133(+) cells were sorted via fluorescence-activated cell sorting. A549 cells were treated with middle-infrared radiation, and the level of HIF-2α expression was determined by a quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay and western blot analysis. The level of HIF-2α expression in tissue sections from 50 cases of clinically confirmed non-small-cell lung cancer was determined via immunohistochemical analysis, and its correlation with prognosis after radiotherapy was analyzed. HIF-2α levels in CD133(+) cells were significantly higher than those in CD133(-) cells (P = 0.032). However, after radiation treatment, these levels were significantly upregulated in both CD133(+) and CD133(-) cells (P = 0.031 and P = 0.023, respectively). After irradiation, the proportions of apoptotic, dead, and autophagic CD133(+) A549 cells were considerably lower than those of CD133(-) A549 cells (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the recovery of carcinoembryonic antigen to pre-radiation levels was more rapid in lung cancer patients with high levels of HIF-2α expression, and these patients had shorter survival times (P = 0.018). HIF-2α is highly expressed in lung cancer stem cells, which may lead to radioresistance. In conclusion, HIF-2α is a potential prognostic marker for lung cancer.
Collapse
|
281
|
Sun TY, Yan W, Yang CM, Zhang LF, Tang HL, Chen Y, Hu HX, Wei X. Clinical research on dendritic cell vaccines to prevent postoperative recurrence and metastasis of liver cancer. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2015; 14:16222-32. [PMID: 26662415 DOI: 10.4238/2015.december.8.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate dendritic cell (DC) tumor vaccines for preventing liver cancer recurrence and metastasis. DCs were induced from mononuclear cells in the peripheral blood with recombinant human granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) and recombinant human interleukin 4 (rhIL-4), followed by sensitization with lysis of autologous liver cancer cells. One hundred and sixty patients with hepatocellular carcinoma were randomly divided into two groups of 80. One group was treated postoperatively with six cycles of the DC tumor vaccine. The other group was treated postoperatively with six cycles of FOLFOX 6, beginning 1 week after surgery. After treatment with DC tumor vaccines, the levels of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+, the ratio of CD4+ to CD8+ DC, and the serum levels of IL-12 and IFN-γ were significantly increased both in comparison to the pre-treatment levels (P < 0.001) and to the chemotherapy group (P < 0.001). After a postoperative follow-up of 18 months, the metastatic recurrence rate in the DC tumor vaccine group was significantly lower than that in the chemotherapy group (17.50 vs 48.75%, P < 0.005), and the survival rate of the patients in the DC tumor vaccine group was higher than that of the chemotherapy treatment group (86.25 vs 52.50%, P < 0.005). Treatment with DC tumor vaccines was safe and feasible. It can enhance the immunity of the patients, reduce the rates of metastasis and recurrence, and improve survival rates. This is a promising treatment for the prevention of postoperative recurrence in patients with liver cancer.
Collapse
|
282
|
Brogan P, Hofer M, Kuemmerle-Deschner J, Lauwerys B, Speziale A, Abrams K, Leon K, Wei X, Laxer R. Efficacy, safety, and post-vaccination antibody titer data in children with CAPS treated with Canakinumab. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2015. [PMCID: PMC4597178 DOI: 10.1186/1546-0096-13-s1-p1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|
283
|
|
284
|
Jo HS, Girod FX, Avakian H, Burkert VD, Garçon M, Guidal M, Kubarovsky V, Niccolai S, Stoler P, Adhikari KP, Adikaram D, Amaryan MJ, Anderson MD, Anefalos Pereira S, Ball J, Baltzell NA, Battaglieri M, Batourine V, Bedlinskiy I, Biselli AS, Boiarinov S, Briscoe WJ, Brooks WK, Carman DS, Celentano A, Chandavar S, Charles G, Colaneri L, Cole PL, Compton N, Contalbrigo M, Crede V, D'Angelo A, Dashyan N, De Vita R, De Sanctis E, Deur A, Djalali C, Dupre R, Alaoui AE, Fassi LE, Elouadrhiri L, Fedotov G, Fegan S, Filippi A, Fleming JA, Garillon B, Gevorgyan N, Ghandilyan Y, Gilfoyle GP, Giovanetti KL, Goetz JT, Golovatch E, Gothe RW, Griffioen KA, Guegan B, Guler N, Guo L, Hafidi K, Hakobyan H, Harrison N, Hattawy M, Hicks K, Hirlinger Saylor N, Ho D, Holtrop M, Hughes SM, Ilieva Y, Ireland DG, Ishkhanov BS, Jenkins D, Joo K, Joosten S, Keller D, Khachatryan G, Khandaker M, Kim A, Kim W, Klein A, Klein FJ, Kuhn SE, Kuleshov SV, Lenisa P, Livingston K, Lu HY, MacGregor IJD, McKinnon B, Meziani ZE, Mirazita M, Mokeev V, Montgomery RA, Moutarde H, Movsisyan A, Munevar E, Munoz Camacho C, Nadel-Turonski P, Net LA, Niculescu G, Osipenko M, Ostrovidov AI, Paolone M, Park K, Pasyuk E, Phillips JJ, Pisano S, Pogorelko O, Price JW, Procureur S, Prok Y, Puckett AJR, Raue BA, Ripani M, Rizzo A, Rosner G, Rossi P, Roy P, Sabatié F, Salgado C, Schott D, Schumacher RA, Seder E, Simonyan A, Skorodumina I, Smith GD, Sokhan D, Sparveris N, Stepanyan S, Strakovsky II, Strauch S, Sytnik V, Tian Y, Tkachenko S, Ungaro M, Voskanyan H, Voutier E, Walford NK, Watts DP, Wei X, Weinstein LB, Wood MH, Zachariou N, Zana L, Zhang J, Zhao ZW, Zonta I. Cross Sections for the Exclusive Photon Electroproduction on the Proton and Generalized Parton Distributions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 115:212003. [PMID: 26636848 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.212003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Unpolarized and beam-polarized fourfold cross sections (d^{4}σ/dQ^{2}dx_{B}dtdϕ) for the ep→e^{'}p^{'}γ reaction were measured using the CLAS detector and the 5.75-GeV polarized electron beam of the Jefferson Lab accelerator, for 110 (Q^{2},x_{B},t) bins over the widest phase space ever explored in the valence-quark region. Several models of generalized parton distributions (GPDs) describe the data well at most of our kinematics. This increases our confidence that we understand the GPD H, expected to be the dominant contributor to these observables. Through a leading-twist extraction of Compton form factors, these results support the model predictions of a larger nucleon size at lower quark-momentum fraction x_{B}.
Collapse
|
285
|
Farooqi A, Holliday E, Allen P, Wei X, Komaki R. Factors Influencing Brain Recurrence and Survival Among Patients With Limited-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer After Complete Response to Treatment. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.07.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
286
|
Wei X, Allen P, Erasmus J, Blumenschein G, Godoy M, Lee J, O'Reilly M, Welsh J, Cox J, Hong W, Komaki R. PET Metabolic Tumor Response by PERCIST Reliably Predicts Local Regional Control in Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer After Concurrent Chemoradiation Therapy With Erlotinib. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.07.1574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
287
|
Wei X, Komaki R, Choi N, O'Reilly M, Fossella F, Chang J, Gomez D, Nguyen Q, Pisters K, Tsao A, Massarelli E, Zhuang Y, Xu T, Hernandez M, Mohan R, Liao Z. Radiation Dose-Escalation to the Gross Tumor Volume Using Simultaneous Integrated Boost Intensity Modulated Photon or Proton Therapy With Concurrent Chemotherapy for Stage II-III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Preliminary Report of a Phase 1 Protocol. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.07.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
288
|
Komaki R, Wei X, Allen P, Holliday E, Farooqi A, Lin S, Balter P, Mohan R, Liao Z, Cox J. Factors Associated With Severe Pneumonitis for Limited Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.07.1658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
289
|
Booth CM, Nanji S, Wei X, Biagi JJ, Krzyzanowska MK, Mackillop WJ. Surgical resection and peri-operative chemotherapy for colorectal cancer liver metastases: A population-based study. Eur J Surg Oncol 2015; 42:281-7. [PMID: 26558526 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2015.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most literature describing surgery for colorectal cancer (CRC) liver metastases (LM) comes from high volume centres. Here, we report management and outcomes achieved in routine clinical practice. METHODS All cases of CRC in Ontario who underwent resection of LM in 1994-2009 were identified using the population-based Ontario Cancer Registry. Electronic treatment records identified chemotherapy delivery. Temporal trends are described for 3 periods: 1994-1999, 2000-2004, 2005-2009. We describe volume of resected CRCLM as a ratio of incident cases per CRCLM resection. Overall (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) are measured from time of LM resection. RESULTS 2717 patients underwent resection of CRCLM. Between 1994 and 2009 there was a 78% increase in case volume; from one resection for every 48 incident cases to one resection for every 27 incident cases, p < 0.001. Use of peri-operative chemotherapy increased over study periods from 44% (306/700), to 52% (429/830), to 65% (777/1187, p < 0.001). Chemotherapy utilization rates varied across geographic regions (range 43%-69%, p < 0.001). Post-operative mortality rates at 30 and 90 days were 2.5% and 4.3% respectively. Five year OS during the study periods was 36% (95% CI 32-39%), 40% (95% CI 36-43%), and 46% (95% CI 43-49%) (p < 0.001); CSS was 38% (95% CI 35-42%), 42% (95% CI 38-45%), 49% (95% CI 44-53%) (p < 0.001). The temporal improvement in OS/CSS persisted on adjusted analyses. CONCLUSIONS Outcomes of patients with resected CRCLM in routine practice is comparable to those reported from high volume centres. Survival improved over the study period despite a greater proportion of patients with CRC undergoing liver resection.
Collapse
|
290
|
Huang JS, Wu Y, Huang Q, Li SJ, Ye JM, Wei X, Liu QD, Liu Y, Ma MG. Expression level and distribution of HMGB1 in Sombati's cell model and kainic acid-induced epilepsy model. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2015; 19:2928-2933. [PMID: 26241550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Observe the expression and distribution of HMGB1 in Sombati's cell model and kainic acid-induced epileptic rats' model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Dissociated hippocampal neurons from neonatal SD rats and cultured those for 9 days, then changed medium to Mg2+-free medium for 3 hours to induce Sombati's cell model. The expression level of HMGB1 in the neurons was detected at 24h and 72h by Western Blotting. Appropriate kainic acid was injected into the lateral ventricles to induced epileptic rats' model in vivo trial, the expression level and distribution of HMGB1 at 24h and 72h were established by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The expression level of HMGB1 showed significantly different between model group and control group both in vitro and in vivo trials. At 24h, the expression level of HMGB1 in the model group was lower than the control group (p < 0.05), and became higher than the control group at 72h (p < 0.05). From the in vivotrial, a nucleus-to-cytoplasm translocation was also discovered. CONCLUSIONS This investigation indicates that HMGB1 plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of epilepsy, by altering its quantity and distribution.
Collapse
|
291
|
Hou L, Li W, Wei X, Zhou Y, Zhuo Y, Wu H, Shen B. Immune memory responses to HBV vaccine 13-18 years after primary vaccination. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2015; 14:8466-72. [PMID: 26345774 DOI: 10.4238/2015.july.28.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the immune memory response 13-18 years after an hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine by performing a specific in vitro stimulation experiment. Thirty healthy volunteers who had been inoculated 13-18 years ago with the HBV vaccine were collected from the physical examination center. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stimulated with 50 ng/mL recombinant HBsAg. An ELISA kit was used for the detection of antibodies that were produced by these cells in vitro. It was found that even 13-18 years after inoculation with the HBV vaccine, an anamnestic antibody response still existed, and was not correlated with the serum antibody levels (r = -0.177, P = 0.377). In conclusion, our data showed that the individuals after inoculation, including those with anti-HBs <10 IU/L as well as those individuals in whom the antibody was not detected, retained immune memory, which may be the main role of memory B cells.
Collapse
|
292
|
Wang H, Ji J, Yu Y, Wei X, Chai S, Liu D, Huang D, Li Q, Dong Z, Xiao X. Neonatal Overfeeding in Female Mice Predisposes the Development of Obesity in their Male Offspring via Altered Central Leptin Signalling. J Neuroendocrinol 2015; 27:600-8. [PMID: 25855235 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2014] [Revised: 03/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity among child-bearing women has increased significantly. The adverse consequences of maternal obesity on the descendants have been well accepted, although few studies have examined the underlying mechanisms. We investigated whether neonatal overfeeding in female mice alters metabolic phenotypes in the offspring and whether hypothalamic leptin signalling is involved. Neonatal overfeeding was induced by reducing the litter size to three pups per litter, in contrast to normal litter size of 10 pups per litter. Normal and neonatally overfed female mice were bred with normal male mice, and offspring of overfeeding mothers (OOM) and control mothers (OCM) were generated. We examined body weight, daily food intake, leptin responsiveness and the number of positive neurones for phosphorylated-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (pSTAT3) along with neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARH) and NPY in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) of the brain stem. The body weight and daily food intake of OOM were significantly higher than those of OCM. Leptin significantly reduced food intake and increased the number of pSTAT3 positive neurones in the ARH of OCM mice, whereas no significant changes in food intake and pSTAT3 neurones were found in leptin-treated OOM mice. The number of NPY neurones in the ARH and NTS of the OOM mice was significantly higher than that of OCM mice. The results of the present study indicate that the obese phenotype from mothers can be passed onto the subsequent generation, which is possibly associated with hypothalamic leptin resistance.
Collapse
|
293
|
Yuan L, Wei X, Xu C, Jin Y, Wang G, Li Y, Tian H, Chen S. Use of multisequence 3.0-T MRI to detect severe traumatic brain injury and predict the outcome. Br J Radiol 2015; 88:20150129. [PMID: 26067919 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20150129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate multisequence 3.0-T MRI in the detection of severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) and in predicting the outcome. METHODS 32 patients with sTBI were prospectively enrolled, and multisequence 3.0-T MRI was performed 4-8 weeks post injury. Quantitative data were recorded on each sequence. The ability to display the parenchymal lesions was compared with that of 64-slice spiral CT. The clinical and radiological results were correlated with the Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended scores 6 months after injury. RESULTS 3.0-T MRI could display more lesions than CT, especially when the lesion was deeply located. The lesion volumes and diffuse axonal injury (DAI) scores were different between good and poor outcome groups on fluid attenuated inversion recovery (p < 0.05). The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of the splenium of the corpus callosum and brain stem were also different (p < 0.05). Patients with unfavourable outcome showed a significantly higher volume of haemorrhage on susceptibility-weighted imaging than those with favourable outcomes and had haemorrhages generally located more deeply. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the location of haemorrhage and the ADC values of the splenium of the corpus callosum were independent risk factors for poor outcome, with an overall predictive accuracy of 91.4%. CONCLUSION The joint use of conventional and advanced sequences of 3.0-T MRI can comprehensively detect the pathological changes occurring after sTBI. Haemorrhagic and non-haemorrhagic DAIs in deep structures strongly suggest poor outcome. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE This article improves the understanding of advanced MRI sequences in the detection of patients with sTBI and prediction of prognosis.
Collapse
|
294
|
Wei X, Yin H. Covalent modification of DNA by α, β-unsaturated aldehydes derived from lipid peroxidation: Recent progress and challenges. Free Radic Res 2015; 49:905-17. [PMID: 25968945 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2015.1040009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress-induced lipid peroxidation (LPO) has been associated with human physiology and pathophysiology. LPO generates an array of oxidation products and among them reactive lipid aldehydes have received intensive research attentions due to their roles in modulating functions of biomolecules through covalent modification. Thus, covalent modification of DNA by these reactive lipid electrophiles has been postulated to be partially responsible for the biological roles of LPO. In this review, we summarized recent progress and challenges in studying the roles of covalent modification of DNA including nuclear and mitochondrial DNA by reactive lipid metabolites from LPO. We focused on the novel mechanistic insights into generation of lipid aldehydes from cellular membranes especially mitochondria through LPO. Recent advances in the technological front using mass spectrometry have also been highlighted in the settings of studying DNA damage caused by LPO and its biological relevance.
Collapse
|
295
|
Uziel Y, Brogan P, Hofer M, Kuemmerle-Deschner J, Lauwerys B, Speziale A, Abrams K, Leon K, Wei X, Laxer R, Lachmann H. THU0536 Efficacy and Post-Vaccination Antibody Titer Data in Children with Caps Aged 28 Days to 4 Years Treated with Canakinumab. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.4434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
296
|
John Zhang XC, Zhang GH, Wei X, Guan YH. Evaluation of cesium-137 conversion models and parameter sensitivity for erosion estimation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2015; 44:789-802. [PMID: 26024259 DOI: 10.2134/jeq2014.09.0371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The Cs technique has been widely used to provide soil redistribution estimates since the 1970s. However, most Cs-conversion models remain theoretical and largely unvalidated. Our objectives were to validate the four widely used conversion models, examine model parameter sensitivity, and evaluate the potential of using kriging to improve soil redistribution estimation. Soil loss was measured from a 1.6-ha plot since 1978. Winter wheat ( L.) was grown primarily under conventional tillage. Soil samples in a 10-m grid were taken from the plot to estimate the Cs inventory. Soil redistribution rates were estimated using four models and were further interpolated using ordinary kriging. The parameter sensitivity analyses at the 95% confidence limits showed that reference inventory had the most impact on estimated water erosion, followed by particle size correction for erosion and tillage depth, with minimal impacts from mass depth, bulk density, and particle size correction for deposition. Compared with the measured water erosion, the relative errors of the mean net water erosion estimates across the entire plot without and with kriging were 28 and -17% for the proportional model (PM), 141 and 106% for the simplified mass balance model, 133 and 100% for the improved mass balance model (MBM2), and 109% for the extended MBM2 with tillage erosion (MBM3). Results indicated that the PM performed better than the mass balance models under the study conditions and that kriging improved mean soil redistribution estimates. However, the full potential of the MBM2 and MBM3 needs to be further evaluated under conditions where loss of newly deposited Cs exists.
Collapse
|
297
|
Wei X, Jang G, Roper DK. Spectrophotometric determination of tin(II) by redox reaction using 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine dihydrochloride and N-bromosuccinimide. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934815050159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
298
|
Boros-Majewska J, Turczyk Ł, Wei X, Milewski S, Williams DW. A novel in vitro assay for assessing efficacy and toxicity of antifungals using human leukaemic cells infected with Candida albicans. J Appl Microbiol 2015; 119:177-87. [PMID: 25845720 DOI: 10.1111/jam.12817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study describes a novel in vitro assay that simultaneously determines antifungal efficiency and host cell toxicity using suspensions of human leukaemic cells (HL-60) infected with Candida albicans. METHODS AND RESULTS The effect of Candida infection on host cell viability was evaluated by the microscopy of trypan blue-stained cells and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity. The in vitro 'drug potency assay' utilized the Cell Counting Kit-8 and measured post-antifungal treatment viability of Candida-infected HL-60 cells and the ability of the antifungal treatment to prevent infection. LDH activity showed that 42% ± 4·0 and 85·3% ± 7·40 of HL-60 cells were killed following Candida infection at the multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 1 : 1 and 1 : 5, respectively. The antifungal nystatin (0·78-25 μmol l(-1) ) was found to inhibit C. albicans infection as seen by the significantly increased viability of HL-60 cells. Cytotoxicity of nystatin towards infected HL-60 cells was evident at higher concentrations and this was also confirmed by propidium iodide staining. CONCLUSIONS An assay using undisturbed cell suspension conditions was successfully developed for assessing the selectivity of the antifungal therapy in the host-Candida environment. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The assay employing Candida infection of host cell suspensions represents a promising method for testing interactions of antifungal compounds with both fungal and host cells.
Collapse
|
299
|
Al-Hussaini A, Xu R, Jones A, Owens D, Wei X. P7 Investigating the role of the novel cytokine IL-35 in the regulation of anti-tumour immunity against head and neck cancer. Oral Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2015.02.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
300
|
Liang C, Huo Y, Qi G, Wei X, Wang Q, Chen S. Enhancement of L-valine production in Bacillus licheniformis by blocking three branched pathways. Biotechnol Lett 2015; 37:1243-8. [PMID: 25700818 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-015-1783-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bacillus licheniformis WX-02 is used for the production of many valuable chemicals. Here, we have sought to improve L-valine production by blocking the metabolic pathways related to branched-chain amino acids. RESULTS The synthesis genes of L-leucine (leuA) and L-isoleucine (ilvA) were deleted to obtain mutant strains. L-Valine yields of WX-02ΔleuA and WX-02ΔilvA reached 33.2 and 21.1 mmol/l, respectively, which are 22 and 14 times higher than the wild-type WX-02 (1.53 mmol/l). After further deletion of L-lactate dehydrogenase gene (ldh) from WX-02ΔleuA, the productivity reached 0.47 mmol/l h, an increase of 19 %. CONCLUSION We provide a possibility to over-produce L-valine using genetically-modified B. licheniformis using remodeling of the biosynthetic pathway to L-valine.
Collapse
|