276
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Liu YH, Chang SD, Chen FP. Increased fetal nuchal fold leading to prenatal diagnosis of ring chromosome 15. Prenat Diagn 2001; 21:1031-3. [PMID: 11746160 DOI: 10.1002/pd.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
We report on the prenatal diagnosis of ring chromosome 15 in a fetus with increased nuchal fold and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). A 27-year-old woman gravida 2, para 1 had normal maternal serum screen tests in the early second trimester of the index pregnancy. Fetal nuchal fold thickening up to 8 mm was incidentally found during the routine obstetric ultrasound scan at 20 weeks' gestation. Amniocentesis was undertaken and the fetal karyotype was found to be 46,XY,r(15) on cytogenetic study. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using a telomeric probe of chromosome 15 demonstrated a terminal deletion on the q arm of the ring-shaped chromosome 15. This is the first report of a prenatally diagnosed case of ring chromosome 15. Moreover, nuchal fold thickness in the second trimester may have a role in its prenatal diagnosis.
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277
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Liu YH, Liu YF, Guo XX. Current studies on anti-endotoxic chemical components of traditional Chinese medicine in China. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2001; 22:1071-7. [PMID: 11749802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Endotoxin (ET) was found to have wide bioactivities and ET antagonists have become the pop research topic in life science. The chemical components of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) were the substance basis of its pharmacology. This review demonstrated the study state of about 18 chemical components from TCM, eg, organic acids of Radix Isatidis, anisodamine, matrine, tetramethypyrazine, colchicine, and glycine, etc, which showed anti-endotoxin effects through different routes. But now the most of them were limited to the laboratory. In the future, the trends of development should not only enlarge the range of research, but also strengthen the clinical study.
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278
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Chao CY, Liu YH, Pan TC, Chang BN, Ho JT. Direct layer-by-layer freezing of a smectic liquid-crystal surface into the crystalline phase. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2001; 64:050703. [PMID: 11735887 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.64.050703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Electron diffraction and optical reflectivity have provided the direct confirmation of the existence of layer-by-layer surface transitions from the smectic-A immediately to the crystal-B phase in a liquid-crystal material, without going through an intermediate hexatic phase. The molecular interactions are found to be through retarded van der Waals forces. Our results suggest that a smectic-A film can transform into a crystal-B through three possible scenarios.
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279
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Abstract
Esophageal hemangioma is a rare tumor. This report describes the case of a 69-year-old woman with an esophageal tumor at the middle portion of the esophagus. The patient was successfully treated with minimal access thoracic surgery, and at the 6 month follow-up, the patient was free of any symptoms or recurrence.
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280
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Li MH, Liu YH, Yang BY. [Clinical observation on treatment of asthma in moderate degree with fluticasone inhalation combined with jinacon]. ZHONGGUO ZHONG XI YI JIE HE ZA ZHI ZHONGGUO ZHONGXIYI JIEHE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF INTEGRATED TRADITIONAL AND WESTERN MEDICINE 2001; 21:819-21. [PMID: 12575373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the efficacy of Fluticasone inhalation combined with Jinacon (JNC) orally taken in treating patients of chronic asthma (CA) of moderate degree. METHODS Seventy-two CA patients were divided into three groups randomly and treated with Fluticasone inhalation combined with JNC, Fluticasone inhalation alone and JNC alone respectively for 4 weeks. The changes of clinical symptoms, airway reactivity and pulmonary function after treatment were observed. RESULTS The clinical symptoms, pulmonary function and airway hyper-reactivity were improved in all the three groups after treatment (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), but the improvement was more significant in the group treated with the combined therapy (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Fluticasone inhalation combined with JNC orally taken is an effective therapy in treating patients of chronic asthma of moderate degree.
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281
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Vellekamp G, Porter FW, Sutjipto S, Cutler C, Bondoc L, Liu YH, Wylie D, Cannon-Carlson S, Tang JT, Frei A, Voloch M, Zhuang S. Empty capsids in column-purified recombinant adenovirus preparations. Hum Gene Ther 2001; 12:1923-36. [PMID: 11589834 DOI: 10.1089/104303401753153974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Empty capsids from adenovirus, that is, virus particles lacking DNA, are well documented in the published literature. They can be separated from complete virus by CsCl density gradient centrifugation. Here we characterize the presence of empty capsids in recombinant adenovirus preparations purified by column chromatography. The initial purified recombinant adenovirus containing the p53 tumor suppressor gene was produced from 293 cells grown on microcarriers and purified by passage through DEAE-Fractogel and gel-filtration chromatography. Further sequential purification of the column-purified virus by CsCl and glycerol density gradient centrifugations yielded isolated complete virus and empty capsids. The empty capsids were essentially noninfectious and free of DNA. Analysis of empty capsids by SDS-PAGE or RP-HPLC showed the presence of only three major components: hexon, IIIa, and a 31K band. This last protein was identified as the precursor to protein VIII (pVIII) by mass spectrometric analysis. No pVIII was detected from the purified complete virus. Analysis by electron microscopy of the empty capsids showed particles with small defects. The amount of pVIII was used to determine the level of empty capsid contamination. First, the purified empty capsids were used to quantify the relation of pVIII to empty capsid particle concentration (as estimated by either light scattering or hexon content). They were then used as a standard to establish the empty capsid concentration of various recombinant adenovirus preparations. Preliminary research showed changes in empty capsid concentration with variations in the infection conditions. While virus purification on anion-exchange or gel-filtration chromatography has little effect on empty capsid contamination, other chromatographic steps can substantially reduce the final concentration of empty capsids in column-purified adenovirus preparations.
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282
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Wu YJ, Wu TT, Liu YH, Ho HH, Luo SF. Correlation of acoustic velocity of synovial fluid with markers of inflammation in arthritic patients. J Formos Med Assoc 2001; 100:631-4. [PMID: 11695281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Analysis of synovial fluid is important in the evaluation and treatment of arthritic conditions. This study measured the acoustic velocity of synovial fluids in patients with degenerative joint diseases, crystal arthropathy, and other inflammatory arthropathies using the ultrasonic pulse-echo method. The measured acoustic velocities of these bio-fluids were then correlated with clinical parameters including the synovial white blood cell count (WBC), clarity, viscosity, string test, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and serum C-reactive protein (CRP). Results showed that the acoustic velocities were correlated with ESR (p = 0.0016) and CRP (p = 0.0001). The mean acoustic velocity of inflammatory synovial fluids, defined as synovial fluids with WBCs of more than 2000/mm3, was greater than that of synovial fluids with WBCs of less than 2000/mm3 (1550 +/- 4.5 m/s vs 1544 +/- 1.5 m/s, p = 0.007). This study demonstrated that the acoustic velocity of synovial fluid correlates well with severity of inflammation. These findings suggest that measurement of acoustic velocity may be useful in the clinical evaluation and management of arthritic conditions.
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283
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Lin YL, Wang WY, Kuo YH, Liu YH. Homocyclotirucallane and two dihydrophenanthrenes from Spiranthes sinensis. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2001; 49:1098-101. [PMID: 11558594 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.49.1098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A novel homocyclotirucallane, sinetirucallol (1), and two additional new dihydrophenanthrenes, sinensols G (2) and H (3), were isolated from the aerial parts of Spiranthes sinensis (Pers.) Ames. Their structures were determined by various spectral analyses, including MS and two-dimentional nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. The structure of compound 1 was further confirmed by single-crystal X-ray analysis. The absolute configuration of 1 was determined by modified Mosher's method.
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284
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Wylie DC, Voloch M, Lee S, Liu YH, Cannon-Carlson S, Cutler C, Pramanik B. Carboxyalkylated histidine is a pH-dependent product of pegylation with SC-PEG. Pharm Res 2001; 18:1354-60. [PMID: 11683252 DOI: 10.1023/a:1013006515587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pegylation of therapeutic protein usually results in a mixture of monopegylated proteins with differing sites of modification. With rh-interferon-alpha2A pegylation, we have found that this heterogeneity includes two classes of pegylation site chemistry, the relative proportions of which can be adjusted by reaction pH. METHODS The effect of pegylation reaction pH on the relative proportion of three peaks produced was investigated. Products were purified and characterized by peptide mapping, chemical stability to neutral hydroxylamine, and biologic activity. RESULTS Reactions at basic pH levels produced a mixture of products pegylated at lysine residues as has been observed elsewhere. However, the dominant product of reactions at mildly acidic levels of pH showed distinct chemistry and higher cytopathic effect activity. The primary site of modification at this pH was His34. We developed a quantitative assay using sensitivity to neutral hydroxylamine to measure the proportion of urethane bonds involving carboxyalkylated histidines. This assay showed that histidine was pegylated preferentially at low pH levels with another protein, rh-Interleukin-10. CONCLUSIONS Reaction pH can be used to select the preferred pegylation site chemistry.
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285
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Liu YH, Chung YC, Xiong Y. Purification and characterization of a dimethoate-degrading enzyme of Aspergillus niger ZHY256, isolated from sewage. Appl Environ Microbiol 2001; 67:3746-9. [PMID: 11472959 PMCID: PMC93083 DOI: 10.1128/aem.67.8.3746-3749.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2001] [Accepted: 05/09/2001] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A dimethoate-degrading enzyme from Aspergillus niger ZHY256 was purified to homogeneity with a specific activity of 227.6 U/mg of protein. The molecular mass of the purified enzyme was estimated to be 66 kDa by gel filtration and 67 kDa by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The isoelectric point was found to be 5.4, and the enzyme activity was optimal at 50 degrees C and pH 7.0. The activity was inhibited by most of the metal ions and reagents, while it was induced by Cu(2+). The Michaelis constant (K(m)) and V(max) for dimethoate were 1.25 mM and 292 micromol min(-1) mg of protein(-1), respectively.
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286
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Lian ZX, Zhang L, Liu ZL, Pan QZ, Song CY, Ding X, Dai YP, Li N, Wu CX, Liu YH, Ao H, Shang JH, Chen Y, Tian XJ, Han B, Chang JH, Li ZQ, Sang ZY. [Production of transgenic lamb integrated with modified human anti-trypsin gene]. YI CHUAN XUE BAO = ACTA GENETICA SINICA 2001; 28:716-21. [PMID: 11554345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
This experiment is to produce the human mAAT(modified anti-trypsin) which cures the emphysema specifically through mammalian galactophore of transgenic goat. 56 goats were selected as donor for superovulation by FSF + LH microinjection in this experiment. The pronucleic embryos were injected with human mAAT gene after fertilization in vivo, and transferred to the donors or receptors directly. The superovulation was better in March and May than in December with the number of ovulation of 19.50, 21.70 and 16.06, and number of fertilized embryos of 4.31, 6.48 and 3.57 per-animal respectively. The pregnant rates were 18.18% and 25% respectively after transferred to donors and receptors with natural estrus. The donors also can be used as the embryo receptor with no remarkable decrease of pregnant rate. 29 lamb were labored. 4 positive transgenic lamb were checked by PCR, PCR-Southern and Southern analysis. The integrated efficiency of foreign DNA was 13.79% with microinjection of high copy number of foreign DNA fragment.
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287
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Lau SC, Lee LL, Lin BJ, Liu YH, Yu SM, Tang SH, Sheng PC. The health status of rural and urban ambulatory elderly in Taipei County. CHANG GUNG MEDICAL JOURNAL 2001; 24:492-501. [PMID: 11601191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To study the differences in the health status of rural and urban ambulatory elderly in Taipei County. METHOD Non-compulsory general health check-up for elderly people over 65 years old in rural and urban areas. The content of the health examination included past medical history, health behavior, physical examination, laboratory examination, electrocardiogram and x-ray. Chi square test, t-test and logistic regression were applied for analysis. Risk factors relating to the cardiovascular system were included in the study. Gender differences affecting the prevalence of diseases and health behavior were also considered in the analysis. RESULTS Significantly higher proportions of the rural elderly men smoked, drank alcohol, and had hypertension and impaired renal function. On the other hand, higher proportions of rural elderly women were obese and had diabetes, hypertension and renal impairment. The mean plasma glucose level of newly-diagnosed diabetic patients in the rural area was significantly higher than that in the urban area (p < 0.05). Diabetes, obesity, hypercholesterolemia and smoking were significantly associated with hypertension. The odds ratio for hypertension between rural and urban areas was 1.45 (p < 0.0001). The cardiovascular risk-rating score of rural elderly was statistically higher than that of urban elderly (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION There were some minor differences in health status between urban and rural elderly. Health promotion should be varied according to the needs of various communities and various risk groups. Further studies should concentrate on prospective cohort research with well-defined determinants to evaluate whether cost-effective biopsychosocial intervention is necessary.
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288
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Chiu L, Shyu WC, Liu YH, Wang SP, Chang TP. Factors determining the attitudes of family caregivers of dementia patients toward nursing home placement in Taiwan: comparisons between urban and semiurban areas. Public Health Nurs 2001; 18:281-91. [PMID: 11468068 DOI: 10.1046/j.1525-1446.2001.00281.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This study sought to determine the factors that influence the attitudes of family caregivers of dementia patients toward nursing home placement. A telephone survey of primary caregivers was conducted in two metropolitan areas of Taiwan. Caregivers of dementia patients were recruited from the neurology and psychiatry outpatient departments of two medical centers in Taipei (a highly urbanized area, n=144) and two medical centers in Kaohsiung (an area of mixed farm and nonfarm sectors, n=134). Family caregivers were asked if they would place patients in a nursing home if their dementia progressed. The mental status of dementia patients was the most significant variable affecting caregivers attitudes toward nursing home placement. Family manpower available for caregiving at home was especially emphasized as a determining factor affecting the decision to use nursing home care by primary caregivers in highly urbanized areas.
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289
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Liu YH, Li MJ, Wang PC, Ho ST, Chang CF, Ho CM, Wang JJ. Use of dexamethasone on the prophylaxis of nausea and vomiting after tympanomastoid surgery. Laryngoscope 2001; 111:1271-4. [PMID: 11568553 DOI: 10.1097/00005537-200107000-00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the prophylactic effect of dexamethasone on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in patients undergoing tympanomastoid surgery. STUDY DESIGN Eighty patients (n = 40 in each of two groups) undergoing tympanomastoid surgery under general anesthesia were enrolled in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. METHODS After tracheal intubation, group 1 received 10 mg dexamethasone intravenously, whereas group 2 received saline intravenously. Several parameters concerning with the occurrence of PONV were evaluated. RESULTS We found that dexamethasone reduced the total incidence of nausea and vomiting by 45%, with a 95% confidence interval of 26% to 64% (P <.001). Furthermore, dexamethasone reduced the incidence of vomiting episodes >4 times and the incidence of patients requiring rescue antiemetics (P <.05). CONCLUSION Dexamethasone at a dosage of 10 mg administered intravenously is effective in preventing PONV in patients undergoing tympanomastoid surgery.
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290
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Zhang XM, Liu YH, Liang QC. [Effect of peritonitis pathomorphology on rabbit model in peritoneal dialysis]. HUNAN YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = HUNAN YIKE DAXUE XUEBAO = BULLETIN OF HUNAN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2001; 26:203-6. [PMID: 12536680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
The study about peritonitis rabbit model is rarely, although peritonitis have been considered mainly complication in peritoneal dialysis. Twelve New Zealand rabbit were divided into peritonitis group and control group. The peritonitis group rabbit were injected with the dialysate containing alive staphylococcus aureus and the control ones with 0.9% saline into the peritoneum. The pathomorphology changes of the peritonitis were observed. The results showed (1) There was proliferation and swollen of mesothelial cells, vessel dilation and infiltration of inflammation cells in the peritoneum in the peritonitis group; and no such changes in the control group. (2) The D/D0 glucose concentration in the dialysate of peritonitis group was lower than that of the control ones at any point except the 0 min (P < 0.01). (3) The ratio of Cr concentration in the dialysate to Cr concentration in the plasma in the peritnitis group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). (4) The WBC count in the dialysate of peritonitis group was obviously higher than that of the control group all points except 0. These results implied that after injection of alive staphylococcus aureus to the peritoneal cavity of New Zealand rabbit for 48 hours, the pathomorphology change was similar with the characteristics of peritonitis complicated with peritoneal dialysis in patient.
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291
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Rhaleb NE, Peng H, Yang XP, Liu YH, Mehta D, Ezan E, Carretero OA. Long-term effect of N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline on left ventricular collagen deposition in rats with 2-kidney, 1-clip hypertension. Circulation 2001; 103:3136-41. [PMID: 11425781 PMCID: PMC4679287 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.103.25.3136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline (Ac-SDKP) is a natural inhibitor of pluripotent hematopoietic stem cell proliferation. Ac-SDKP plasma concentration is increased 5-fold after angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition. Here we studied the effect of Ac-SDKP on monocyte/macrophage infiltration, fibroblast proliferation, and collagen deposition in the rat heart in renovascular hypertension. METHODS AND RESULTS We investigated whether long-term Ac-SDKP administration would prevent left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and interstitial collagen deposition in rats with 2-kidney, 1-clip (2K-1C) hypertension. Ac-SDKP (400 microgram. kg(-1). d(-1)) did not affect development of hypertension. Mean blood pressure was similar in rats with 2K-1C hypertension whether they were given vehicle or Ac-SDKP and was higher than in controls. Both LV weight and cardiomyocyte size were significantly increased in rats with 2K-1C hypertension compared with controls and were unaffected by Ac-SDKP. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen- and monocyte/macrophage-positive cells were increased in the LV of 2K-1C hypertensive rats; this increase was significantly blunted by Ac-SDKP (P<0.001). LV interstitial collagen fraction was also increased in 2K-1C hypertensive rats given vehicle (10.1+/-0.8%) compared with sham (5.3+/-0.1%, P<0.0001), and this increase was prevented by Ac-SDKP (5.4+/-0.4%, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Ac-SDKP inhibited monocyte/macrophage infiltration, cell proliferation, and collagen deposition in the LV of hypertensive rats without affecting blood pressure or cardiac hypertrophy, suggesting that it may be partly responsible for the cardioprotective effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors.
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292
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Yin XL, Pang JC, Liu YH, Chong EY, Cheng Y, Poon WS, Ng HK. Analysis of loss of heterozygosity on chromosomes 10q, 11, and 16 in medulloblastomas. J Neurosurg 2001; 94:799-805. [PMID: 11354413 DOI: 10.3171/jns.2001.94.5.0799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT The loss of genetic material from specific chromosome loci is a common feature in the oncogenesis of tumors and is often indicative of the presence of important tumor suppressor genes at these loci. Recent molecular genetic analyses have demonstrated frequent loss of chromosomes 10q, 11, and 16 in medulloblastomas. The aim of this study was to localize the targeted deletion regions on the three aforementioned chromosomes in medulloblastomas. METHODS Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) was examined on chromosomes 10q, 11, and 16 in a series of 22 primary and two recurrent medulloblastomas by using polymerase chain reaction-based microsatellite analysis. The DNA extracted from the tumors and corresponding normal blood samples were amplified independently in the presence of radioactively labeled microsatellite primers, resolved by denaturing gel electrophoresis and processed for autoradiography. The DNA obtained from control blood samples that displayed allelic heterozygosity at a given microsatellite locus were considered informative. Loss of heterozygosity was inferred when the allelic signal intensity of the tumor sample was reduced by at least 40%, relative to that of the constitutional control. The LOH analysis demonstrated that deletions of chromosomes 10q, 11p, and 16q are recurrent genetic events in the development of medulloblastomas. Three subchromosomal regions of loss have been identified and are localized to the deleted in malignant brain tumors 1 [DMBT1] gene site on chromosomes 10q25, 11p13-11p15.1, and 16q24.1-24.3. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that DMBT1 is closely associated with the oncogenesis of medulloblastomas and highlight regions of loss on chromosomes 11p and 16q for further fine mapping and cloning of candidate tumor suppressor genes that are important for the genesis of medulloblastoma.
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293
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Han DX, Liu YH, Zhou CD, Zhang BL, Fei JX, Liu G. [Effect of head-down bed rest on human EEG]. HANG TIAN YI XUE YU YI XUE GONG CHENG = SPACE MEDICINE & MEDICAL ENGINEERING 2001; 14:168-71. [PMID: 11892733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Objective. To study the influences of short-term simulated weightlessness on human EEG. Method. EEG of 12 male subjects (aged 18-22) was recorded, pre-HDBR (-6 degrees head down bed rest), mid-HDBR (3rd, 4th, 6th day) and post-HDBR (3rd day). Then these EEG recordings were analyzed by power spectral analysis. Result. During HDBR, peak frequency of EEG gradually slowed down (6th day, P<0.05). Alpha-band activities were enhanced (alpha1: P<0.001. Alpha2: 3rd and 6th day, P<0.05; 4th day, P<0.001) and reached maximum on the 4th day. Alpha1/alpha2 ascended (6th day, C3 and C4: p<0.02; F4, P4, T3, T4, T5: P<0.05). Theta-band activities enhanced (P<0.001), and reached maximum on the 3rd day at frontal regions, on the 4th day at parieto-occipital regions. Theta/alpha ascended obviously (6th day, P3, O1: P<0.05). Meanwhile, beta1, activities also enhanced (P<0.001), and reached maximum on the 3rd day at frontal regions. After HDBR, the index that recovered to the pre-HDBR level first was EEG peak frequency. Conclusion. HDBR caused obvious changes of EEG power spectrum characteristic. There exists a potential influence on brain function.
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294
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Ou CS, Liu YH, Zabriskie V, Rowbotham R. Alternate methods for laparoscopic management of adnexal masses greater than 10 cm in diameter. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 2001; 11:125-32. [PMID: 11441988 DOI: 10.1089/10926420152389251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We describe alternate laparoscopic methods for inspection and removal of large adnexal masses, and report our experience with 18 cases in which these methods were used. PATIENTS AND METHODS Between April 1994 and January 2000, the first author performed operative laparoscopy on 18 patients, each of whom had at least one adnexal mass with maximum diameter greater than 10 cm. Mean patient age was 32 years (range 11 to 82). Seventeen of the 18 patients were premenopausal. All procedures were performed at one of two community hospitals in Seattle or at Yuan's General Hospital in Taiwan. Preoperative screening included pelvic exam, tumor markers, and ultrasound. RESULTS One 82-year-old patient underwent planned laparoscopic bilateral oopherectomy. In the other 17 cases the operative goal was cystectomy or unilateral oopherectomy with conservation of reproductive function. Cystectomy was successfully performed in five of these cases (29.4%). The remaining 12 patients underwent either unilateral oopherectomy (10 cases, 58.8%), or unilateral salpingo oopherectomy (2 cases, 8.8%) due to the extent of their mass. Sixteen of the 18 cases in this series were successfully managed by a single laparoscopic surgery, one case required a second-look laparoscopy, and in one case a malignancy was found by histological analysis of permanent section, which required a second laparoscopy for staging and debulking. CONCLUSIONS Large adnexal masses can be successfully managed with minimal hospital stay using laparoscopic techniques, when care is taken to avoid rupture and spillage of cyst contents, and thorough inspection of the mass and abdominal cavity is made possible. The probability of finding an unexpected malignancy is low. In those cases where a malignancy is found, appropriate cytoreductive staging surgery can be performed immediately.
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295
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Yang XP, Liu YH, Mehta D, Cavasin MA, Shesely E, Xu J, Liu F, Carretero OA. Diminished Cardioprotective Response to Inhibition of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme and Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor in B
2
Kinin Receptor Gene Knockout Mice. Circ Res 2001; 88:1072-9. [PMID: 11375278 DOI: 10.1161/hh1001.090759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
—Using B
2
kinin receptor gene knockout mice (B
2
−/−
), we tested the hypothesis that (l) lack of B
2
receptors may affect blood pressure and cardiac function and aggravate cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI), and (2) kinins partially mediate the cardiac beneficial effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) or angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonists (AT
1
-ant), whereas lack of B
2
receptors may diminish this cardioprotective effect. Chronic heart failure (HF) was induced by MI, which was caused by coronary artery ligation in both B
2
−/−
and 129/SvEvTac mice (wild-type control, B
2
+/+
). An ACEi (ramipril, 2.5 mg/kg/d) or AT
1
-ant (L-158809, 3 mg/kg/d) was given 1 week after MI and was continued for 12 weeks. Left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction, cardiac output (CO), diastolic LV dimension (LVDd), and LV mass were evaluated by echocardiography. Myocyte cross-sectional area and interstitial collagen fraction were studied histopathologically. We found that basal blood pressure and cardiac function were similar in B
2
+/+
and B
2
−/−
mice. After MI, development of HF and remodeling were also similar between the 2 strains. The ACEi improved cardiac function and remodeling in both strains; however, its effects were attenuated in B
2
−/−
mice (respective values for B
2
+/+
versus B
2
−/−
mice: overall increase in ejection fraction, 64±10% versus 21±5% [
P
<0.01]; increase in CO, 69±17% versus 23±9% [
P
<0.01]; overall decrease in LVDd, −24±3% versus −7±4% [
P
<0.01]; and decrease in LV mass, −38±3% versus −6±6% [
P
<0.01]). AT
1
-ant had a beneficial cardiac effect similar to that produced by ACEi, and this effect was also diminished in B
2
−/−
mice (respective values for B
2
+/+
versus B
2
−/−
mice: overall increase in ejection fraction, 46±10% versus 25±9% [
P
<0.01]; increase in CO, 44±14% versus 15±5% [
P
<0.01]; overall decrease in LVDd, −14±4% versus −6±3% [
P
<0.01]; and decrease in LV mass, −33±4 versus −16±7% [
P
<0.01]). The effect of ACEi or AT
1
-ant on myocyte cross-sectional area was similar between strains; however, their effect on the interstitial collagen fraction was diminished in B
2
−/−
mice. We concluded that (1) lack of B
2
kinin receptors does not affect cardiac phenotype or function, either under normal physiological conditions or during the development of HF; and (2) kinins acting via the B
2
receptor play an important role in the cardioprotective effect of ACEi and AT
1
-ant.
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MESH Headings
- Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists
- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Animals
- Antihypertensive Agents/pharmacology
- Blood Pressure/drug effects
- Collagen/metabolism
- Cytoprotection/drug effects
- Cytoprotection/physiology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Disease Progression
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Heart Failure/etiology
- Heart Failure/genetics
- Heart Failure/pathology
- Heart Function Tests/drug effects
- Imidazoles/pharmacology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred Strains
- Mice, Knockout
- Myocardial Infarction/complications
- Myocardial Infarction/metabolism
- Myocardial Infarction/pathology
- Myocardium/metabolism
- Myocardium/pathology
- Ramipril/pharmacology
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2
- Receptor, Bradykinin B2
- Receptors, Bradykinin/deficiency
- Receptors, Bradykinin/genetics
- Tetrazoles/pharmacology
- Ventricular Remodeling/drug effects
- Ventricular Remodeling/genetics
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296
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Gu Y, Huang ZD, Liu YH. [Studies on the efficacious constituents of Astragalus complanatus]. YAO XUE XUE BAO = ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA 2001; 32:59-61. [PMID: 11243221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
The petroleum ether extract of Astragalus complanatus R. Br. showed activity for lowering the transaminase levels in mice. From this extract six compounds were isolated. Among them five were identified as rhamnocitrin (I), formononetin (II), stigmasterol (IV), phosphatidylethanolamine (V) and phosphatidylinositol (VI). The other one was shown to be a new p-coumaroyl derivative, 11-O-p-coumarylnepeticin. Their structures were elucidated by spectrometric and chemical analyses. All the six compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time.
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297
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Chiang YM, Su JK, Liu YH, Kuo YH. New cyclopropyl-triterpenoids from the aerial roots of Ficus microcarpa. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2001; 49:581-3. [PMID: 11383610 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.49.581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Four new cyclopropyl-triterpenes, 27-nor-3beta-hydroxy-25-oxocycloartane (1), (22E)-25,26,27-trinor-3beta-hydroxycycloart-22-en-24-al (2), 3beta-acetoxy-15alpha-hydroxy-13,27-cyclours-11-ene (3), 3beta-acetoxy-12alpha-formyloxy-13,27-cycloursan-11alpha-ol (4), together with (23E)-27-nor-3beta-hydroxycycloart-23-en-25-one (5) were isolated from the aerial roots of Ficus microcarpa. Compounds 3 and 4 are rare 13,27-cycloursane-type triterpenes. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical methods.
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298
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Chao CY, Lo CR, Wu PJ, Liu YH, Link DR, Maclennan JE, Clark NA, Veum M, Huang CC, Ho JT. Unusual thickness-dependent thermal behavior and anticlinic coupling in chiral smectic free-standing liquid-crystal films. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2001; 86:4048-4051. [PMID: 11328092 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.86.4048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We observe, in free-standing films of a chiral smectic liquid crystal, a series of discrete transitions in the relative orientation of the tilt of the interior and surface layers. These transitions include a remarkable reentrant synclinic-anticlinic-synclinic ordering sequence of the film surfaces in the presence of an electric field upon cooling. The profiles of the associated heat-capacity anomalies are found to be strongly thickness dependent and exhibit a novel crossover behavior in reduced dimensions. We measure the anticlinic coupling between tilted surface layers in the smectic- A phase.
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299
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Liu WJ, Qi YM, Zhao KN, Liu YH, Liu XS, Frazer IH. Association of bovine papillomavirus type 1 with microtubules. Virology 2001; 282:237-44. [PMID: 11289806 DOI: 10.1006/viro.2000.0728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Transport of BPV-1 virus from the cell membrane to the nucleus was studied in vitro in CV-1 cells. At reduced temperature (4 degrees C), BPV-1 binding to CV-1 cells was unaffected but there was no transport of virions across the cytosol. Electron microscopy showed BPV-1 virions in association with microtubules in the cytoplasm, a finding confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation of L1 protein and tubulin. Internalization of virus was unimpaired in cells treated with the microtubule-depolymerizing drug nocodazole but virions were retained in cytoplasmic vesicles and not transported to the nucleus. We conclude that a microtubule transport mechanism in CV-1 cells moves intact BPV-1 virions from the cell surface to the nuclear membrane.
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300
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Kao CH, Wei HH, Liu YH, Lee GH, Wang Y, Lee CJ. Structural correlation of catecholase-like activities of oxy-bridged dinuclear copper(II) complexes. J Inorg Biochem 2001; 84:171-8. [PMID: 11374579 DOI: 10.1016/s0162-0134(01)00170-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Eight oxy-bridged dinuclear copper(II) complexes with catecholase-like sites, [Cu(L1)X]2 (HL1 = 1-diethylaminopropan-2-ol, X=N3- 1, NCO- 2, and NO2- 3), [Cu(L2)X]2 (HL2=N-ethylsalicylaldimine, X=NO3- 4, Cl- 5, N3- 6, NCS- 7), and [Cu(L3)]2(ClO4)2, 8 (HL3=N-(salicylidene)-N'-(2-pyridylaldene)propanediamine) have been prepared and characterized. The single crystal X-ray analysis show that the structures of complexes 6 and 8 are dimeric with two adjacent copper(II) atoms bridged by pairs of micro-oxy atoms from the L2 and L3 ligands. Magnetic susceptibility measurements in the temperature range 4-300 K indicate significant antiferromagnetic coupling for 4, 5 and 7 and ferromagnetic coupling for 6 between the copper(II) atoms. The catecholase activity of complexes for the oxidation of 3,5-di-tert-butylcatechol by O2 was studied and it was found that the complexes with the bond distance of Cu(II)...Cu(II) located at 2.9-3.0 A show higher catecholase activity.
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