276
|
Xu XQ, Xiong Z, Gao Z, Nevins WM, McKee GR. TEMPEST simulations of collisionless damping of the geodesic-acoustic mode in edge-plasma pedestals. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 100:215001. [PMID: 18518611 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.215001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2007] [Revised: 09/28/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The fully nonlinear (full-f) four-dimensional TEMPEST gyrokinetic continuum code correctly produces the frequency and collisionless damping of geodesic-acoustic modes (GAMs) and zonal flow, with fully nonlinear Boltzmann electrons for the inverse aspect ratio scan and the tokamak safety factor q scan in homogeneous plasmas. TEMPEST simulations show that the GAMs exist in the edge pedestal for steep density and temperature gradients in the form of outgoing waves. The enhanced GAM damping may explain experimental beam emission spectroscopy measurements on the edge q scaling of the GAM amplitude.
Collapse
|
277
|
Gao Z, Han B. Effect of zoledronic acid combined with cisplatin for non-small cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.19116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
278
|
Jia W, Yang W, Lei A, Gao Z, Yang C, Hua J, Huang W, Ma X, Wang H, Dou Z. A caprine chimera produced by injection of embryonic germ cells into a blastocyst. Theriogenology 2008; 69:340-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2007.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2007] [Revised: 10/01/2007] [Accepted: 08/02/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
279
|
Wong J, Gao Z, Selvaggi P, Woo K, Merrick S, El-Gabry M, Chen T, Cheng C, Uematsu M. Comparison of Interfractional Prostate Motion Among Normal, Overweight, and Obese Patient Groups. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.07.2294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
280
|
Gao Z, Wong J, Merritt S, Uematsu M, Cheng C. A Novel Method of Image Guided Radiation Treatment of Prostate Cancer Using a Quasi-Adaptive Margin and Evidence Based Isocenter Shift. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.07.1466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
281
|
Chen F, Feng X, Wu W, Ouyang H, Gao Z, Cheng X, Hou R, Mao T. Segmental bone tissue engineering by seeding osteoblast precursor cells into titanium mesh-coral composite scaffolds. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2007; 36:822-7. [PMID: 17804199 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2007.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2006] [Revised: 01/16/2007] [Accepted: 06/25/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The size and specific shape of bone grafts are important for jaw reconstruction. In this experiment, segmental bone grafts were engineered in a predetermined shape via seeding osteoblast precursor cells into titanium mesh-coral composite scaffolds. Titanium meshes were moulded into the shape of a column with length 12 mm and diameter 8mm. The column was filled with natural coral granules and the complex acted as a cell-seeding scaffold. About 4 x 10(7) osteoblast precursor cells in 200 microl cell-culture medium were seeded into each of six scaffolds and incubated in vitro for 2 days. Then, the composites were implanted subcutaneously into the backs of nude mice and incubated in vivo. Two months after implantation, the animals were killed and new bone formed in the scaffolds was investigated by gross inspection, X-ray examination, histological observation and mechanical testing. The results showed that newly formed tissue was red and presented the gross appearance of bone, and kept the original shape of the column. Titanium mesh was situated on the surface of the bone graft. An X-ray blocking shadow was observed in and around the titanium scaffolds; most of the coral granules had been absorbed. Histological observation demonstrated a large amount of new bone formed and integrated well with titanium mesh. Mechanical testing showed that new bone improved the mechanical property of the graft significantly. In conclusion, a titanium mesh-coral composite scaffold with osteoblast precursor cells is an efficient means to engineer segmental bone, possessing the desired shape and mechanical strength.
Collapse
|
282
|
Katyal S, Gao Z, Liu RZ, Godbout R. Evolutionary conservation of alternative splicing in chicken. Cytogenet Genome Res 2007; 117:146-57. [PMID: 17675855 PMCID: PMC3726401 DOI: 10.1159/000103175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2006] [Accepted: 09/13/2006] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing represents a source of great diversity for regulating protein expression and function. It has been estimated that one-third to two-thirds of mammalian genes are alternatively spliced. With the sequencing of the chicken genome and analysis of transcripts expressed in chicken tissues, we are now in a position to address evolutionary conservation of alternative splicing events in chicken and mammals. Here, we compare chicken and mammalian transcript sequences of 41 alternatively-spliced genes and 50 frequently accessed genes. Our results support a high frequency of splicing events in chicken, similar to that observed in mammals.
Collapse
|
283
|
Cheng C, Gao Z. SU-FF-T-416: The Use of ModuMLC® in Combination with IG-IMRT for Treating a Very Small Eye Tumor. Med Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2761141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
284
|
Gao Z, Gerig L, Wilkins D. SU-FF-T-396: TCP and NTCP Variation with the Percentage of Prostate Treatment Fractions Delivered Under Image Guidance. Med Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2761121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
285
|
Duncan R, McPate M, Ridley J, Gao Z, James A, Leishman D, Leaney J, Witchel H, Hancox J. Inhibition of the HERG potassium channel by the tricyclic antidepressant doxepin. Biochem Pharmacol 2007; 74:425-37. [PMID: 17560554 PMCID: PMC1920586 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2007.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2007] [Revised: 04/25/2007] [Accepted: 04/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
HERG (human ether-à-go-go-related gene) encodes channels responsible for the cardiac rapid delayed rectifier potassium current, IKr. This study investigated the effects on HERG channels of doxepin, a tricyclic antidepressant linked to QT interval prolongation and cardiac arrhythmia. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings were made at 37 °C of recombinant HERG channel current (IHERG), and of native IKr ‘tails’ from rabbit ventricular myocytes. Doxepin inhibited IHERG with an IC50 value of 6.5 ± 1.4 μM and native IKr with an IC50 of 4.4 ± 0.6 μM. The inhibitory effect on IHERG developed rapidly upon membrane depolarization, but with no significant dependence on voltage and with little alteration to the voltage-dependent kinetics of IHERG. Neither the S631A nor N588K inactivation-attenuating mutations (of residues located in the channel pore and external S5-Pore linker, respectively) significantly reduced the potency of inhibition. The S6 point mutation Y652A increased the IC50 for IHERG blockade by ∼4.2-fold; the F656A mutant also attenuated doxepin's action at some concentrations. HERG channel blockade is likely to underpin reported cases of QT interval prolongation with doxepin. Notably, this study also establishes doxepin as an effective inhibitor of mutant (N588K) HERG channels responsible for variant 1 of the short QT syndrome.
Collapse
|
286
|
Wang L, Qi T, Gao Z, Zhang Y, Chu J. Synthesis of N-methylglucamine modified macroporous poly(GMA-co-TRIM) and its performance as a boron sorbent. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2006.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
287
|
Seyfert-Margolis V, Asare A, Bourcier K, Wang R, Gao Z, Casale T. Transcriptome Seasonal Regulation in Ragweed Allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2006.12.636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
288
|
|
289
|
Gerig L, Gao Z, Eapen L, Wilkin D, Morash C, Wassef Y. Sci-Thur PM Therapy-08: Intra and Inter Observer Variability and Systematic Error in Prostate Delineation. Med Phys 2006. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2244622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
290
|
Gao Z, Gerig L, Szanto J. Sci-PM Fri - 09: Image analysis of inter-leaf radiation leakage, a new approach to the correction of EPID mechanic inconsistencies. Med Phys 2005. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2031041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
291
|
Gao Z, Gerig L, Szanto J. Po-Poster - 16: Correcting geometric distortion of EPID images. Med Phys 2005. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2030995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
292
|
Gao Z, Tibbles L, Yilmaz S, Gao Y, MacDonald A. Prolonged Skin Allograft Survival in Scid Mice Reconstituted With Isogeneic Bone Marrow Stem Cell Antigen-1-Positive Cells and Thymus Tissue. Transplant Proc 2005; 37:2300-2. [PMID: 15964404 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2005.03.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2004] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many studies indicate that tolerance induction is much more dependent on the maturation status of lymphocytes than the age of the animal. We hypothesized that direct persistent contact of bone marrow stem cells with graft alloantigen will result in tolerance to that antigen in the adult animal. MATERIAL AND METHODS Severe combined immunodeficient mice (CB-17-Scid, H-2b) were reconstituted with isogeneic bone marrow stem cell antigen-1 (Sca-1)-positive cells and grafted with fetal thymus (BMSC-T), followed by transplant of allogeneic skin grafts from C57BL/6 (H-2d) mice. The control group include CB-17 non-Scid mice, CB-17-Scid mice, and CB-17 Scid mice pretransplanted with nonmodified isogeneic bone marrow cells and fetal thymus (BMC-T). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Skin allograft survival was significantly prolonged in the group pretransplanted with isogeneic BMSC-T compared the group of non-Scid mice and the group of Scid mice pretransplanted with BMC-T (59.6 days vs 7.1 days vs 11.7 days). In 2 of 10 mice pretransplanted with BMSC-T, the skin allografts transplanted immediately after BMSC-T survived for more than 100 days, but the third-party skin allografts transplanted at 100 days after BMSC-T transplant were rejected. The results suggest direct persistent contact of bone marrow Sca-1-positive cells with graft alloantigen may be a feasible approach to prolong allograft survival and induce tolerance in a small fraction of adult animals.
Collapse
|
293
|
Gao Z, Eyers S, Thomas C, Ellis N, Maule A. Identification of markers tightly linked to sbm recessive genes for resistance to Pea seed-borne mosaic virus. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2004; 109:488-94. [PMID: 15067509 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-004-1652-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2003] [Accepted: 02/25/2004] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Two virus resistance loci on linkage groups II and VI have provided the only sources of natural resistance against Pea seed-borne mosaic virus (PSbMV, Potyviridae) in the important crop plant Pisum sativum L. A combination of parallel approaches was used to collate linked markers, particularly for sbm-1 resistance on linkage group VI. We have identified sequences derived from the genes for the eukaryotic translation initiation factors eIF4E and eIF(iso)4E as being very tightly linked to the resistance gene clusters on linkage groups VI and II, respectively. In particular, no recombinants between sbm-1 and eIF4E were found amongst 500 individuals of an F2 cross between the BC4 resistant line (JI1405) and its recurrent susceptible parent 'Scout'. In a different mapping population, the gene eIF(iso)4E was also shown to be linked to sbm-2 on linkage group II. A parallel cDNA-AFLP comparison of pairs of resistant and susceptible lines also identified an expressed tag marker just 0.7 cM from sbm-1. eIF4E and eIF(iso)4E have been associated with resistance to related viruses in other hosts. This correlation strengthens the use of our markers as valuable tools to assist in breeding multiple virus resistances into peas, and identifies potential targets for resistance gene identification in pea.
Collapse
|
294
|
Gao Z, Ho D. Proportional multiple-integral observer design for descriptor systems with measurement output disturbances. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1049/ip-cta:20040437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
295
|
Rapoport NY, Christensen DA, Fain HD, Barrows L, Gao Z. Ultrasound-triggered drug targeting of tumors in vitro and in vivo. ULTRASONICS 2004; 42:943-950. [PMID: 15047411 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2004.01.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The new modality of drug targeting of tumors that we are currently developing is based on drug encapsulation in polymeric micelles, followed by the localized release at the tumor site triggered by focused ultrasound. The rationale behind this approach is that drug encapsulation in micelles decreases systemic concentration of drug, diminishes intracellular drug uptake by normal cells, and provides passive drug targeting of tumors, thus reducing unwanted drug interactions with healthy tissues. Ultrasound irradiation is used to release drug from micelles at the tumor site and to enhance the intracellular drug uptake by tumor cells. An important advantage of ultrasound is that it is noninvasive, can penetrate deep into the interior of the body, can be focused and carefully controlled. Here we describe factors involved in the ultrasound interaction with viable cells in the absence and presence of drug carriers and anti-cancer drugs. We present in vivo effects of 1 MHz ultrasound on drug biodistribution, intratumoral distribution, and survival rates of immuno-compromised athymic nu/nu mice bearing ovarian carcinoma tumors.
Collapse
|
296
|
Zhu HY, Gao XP, Song DY, Bai YQ, Ringer SP, Gao Z, Xi YX, Martens W, Riches JD, Frost RL. Growth of Boehmite Nanofibers by Assembling Nanoparticles with Surfactant Micelles. J Phys Chem B 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp049485u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
297
|
Hu J, Zou S, Tang Z, Wang D, Li J, Gao Z. Response of Schwann cells in the inferior alveolar nerve to distraction osteogenesis: an ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2003; 32:318-24. [PMID: 12767881 DOI: 10.1054/ijom.2002.0356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The biological mechanisms of nerve adaptation to distraction osteogenesis have not yet been elucidated. This study observed response of Schwann cells in the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) following mandibular lengthening by electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry of S-100 protein, a specific marker of Schwann cells. Unilateral mandibular distraction (10mm elongation) was performed in nine young adult goats. Three animals were sacrificed at 7, 14 and 28 days after completion of distraction, respectively. The distracted IAN specimens and control nerves (from the contralateral sides) were harvested and processed for histological, ultrastructural and immunohistochemical examinations. Wallerian degeneration was observed in the distracted IAN, and Signs of axonal regeneration, as well as many activated Schwann cells were seen in the lengthened nerves. The expression of S-100 protein increased significantly at early stage of distraction osteogenesis, but almost returned to the normal level at 28 days after distraction. This study suggests that Wallerian degeneration caused by mechanical stretching may stimulate Schwann cells to enter a proliferated and activated state. Schwann cells and S-100 protein appear to play crucial roles in axonal regeneration that contributes to nerve adaptation to gradual distraction. Therefore, the IAN injury caused by mandibular gradual distraction was not serious; it seems to recover totally through a complicated repair mechanism.
Collapse
|
298
|
Gao Z, Lukyanov AN, Chakilam AR, Torchilin VP. PEG-PE/phosphatidylcholine mixed immunomicelles specifically deliver encapsulated taxol to tumor cells of different origin and promote their efficient killing. J Drug Target 2003; 11:87-92. [PMID: 12881194 DOI: 10.1080/1061186031000138623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Mixed micelles were prepared from poly(ethyleneglycol)-distearyl phosphoethanolamine (PEG2000-PE) and egg phosphatidylcholine. The micelles were covalently modified with the nucleosome-specific monoclonal antibody 2C5 known to recognize and bind a variety of tumor cells via their surface-bound nucleosomes. Covalent attachment of 2C5 antibody was performed via a micelle-incorporated PEG-PE with the distal terminus of the PEG block activated with p-nitrophenylcarbonyl group (pNP-PEG-PE). Micelle surface-attached 2C5 antibody maintained its specific activity. 2C5-targeted immunomicelles were able to carry more than 3 wt% of taxol. Taxol-loaded immunomicelles specifically recognized tumor cell lines of several types. The cytotoxicity of 2C5-targeted taxol-loaded immunomicelles in a cell culture model was much higher when compared with free taxol or taxol in non-targeted micelles.
Collapse
|
299
|
Wang B, Gao Z, Zou Q, Li L. Quantitative diagnosis of fatty liver with dual-energy CT. An experimental study in rabbits. Acta Radiol 2003; 44:92-7. [PMID: 12631006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the correlation between fatty content of fatty liver and the difference of CT attenuation value in dual-energy CT, and to evaluate the value of dual-energy CT in the quantitative diagnosis of fatty liver in rabbits. MATERIAL AND METHODS Dual-energy CT at 120 kVp and 90 kVp was performed in 16 rabbits of experimental groups that were induced to various degrees of fatty liver by feeding carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Four healthy rabbits in the control group underwent dual-energy CT at the same time. The CT attenuation values of liver tissues at 120 kVp (H120), 90 kVp (H90) and the difference (Delta H) between them were obtained. The specimens of liver tissues were examined with freeze section (9 microm) and an oil red O stain histologically. The ratio of fatty content in liver to the liver volume (VP value) was measured using the image analyzer system. RESULTS The change of CT attenuation values between 120 kVp and 90 kVp was not obvious (Delta H between -0.4 HU and 1.4 HU) in the control group. The density of the liver in the experimental groups decreased differently, and the change in CT attenuation values between high and low energy levels were very clear. H120 values were between 51.0 HU and 91.7 HU and H90 values were between 37.0 HU and 89.2 HU. Delta H values were between 2.5 HU and 14.0 HU. Significant negative linear correlation (r = -0.92, -0.93, t = 8.51, 9.76, p < 0.001, 0.001, respectively) were found between VP values and H120 and H90, respectively, while significant positive linear correlation (r = 0.95, t = 11.89, p < 0.001) was found between VP values and Delta H. CONCLUSION The amount and degree of fat in the fatty liver can be assessed exactly by dual-energy CT. It will be a potential new effective method for quantitative diagnosis of fatty livers.
Collapse
|
300
|
Wang B, Gao Z, Zou Q, Li L. Quantitative Diagnosis of Fatty Liver With Dual-Energy CT. An experimental study in rabbits. Acta Radiol 2003. [DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0455.2003.00002.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
|