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Ando K, Sano A, Kigami Y, Kanaoka N, Matsumoto S, Ishikura S, Okada T, Yamada K, Mayumi K, Nakatsu M. Angiographic retrieval of foreign bodies in pulmonary artery: a report of three cases. RADIATION MEDICINE 1993; 11:69-74. [PMID: 8316647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Three cases of percutaneous retrieval of foreign bodies that migrated into the pulmonary artery are described in this paper. All of the intravascular foreign bodies were attributed to SVC catheters for intravenous hyperalimentation (IVH) therapy, an accidentally cut strip of indwelling SVC catheter in two patients and a fragment of guide wire used for the insertion of the SVC catheter in one patient. They were all successfully removed by fluoroscopic angiographic procedures using a snare loop retriever and grasping forceps. The technical aspects of the procedures are discussed here.
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327
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Ando K, Murakami M, Kuroda Y, Sano A, Nishizawa S, Masada T, Miyamoto S, Kigami Y, Matsumoto S, Kojima Y. [Clinical utility of Gd-DTPA subtraction MR imaging for spinal bone metastasis]. NIHON IGAKU HOSHASEN GAKKAI ZASSHI. NIPPON ACTA RADIOLOGICA 1993; 53:155-62. [PMID: 8488099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Based on reports that Gd-DTPA contributes to the detection of tumors, we used it in 31 cases (97 lesions) of spinal bone metastases. The result was that Gd-DTPA increased the intensity of tumors and the surrounding bone marrow to almost the same level in 53%. To show the metastases clearly, an existing subtraction command system was utilized. The technique included the pixel-by-pixel method, to obtain a Gd-DTPA T1-weighted image (T1WI) subtracted by the original T1WI. The detectability of the subtraction image was improved up to 96%, but was less than the original T1WI (99%). Because of the different imaging rationale between two methods, a means to assess the quality of diagnosis must be proposed. To check the normal background, the same kind of postprocessing was performed in 21 patients without malignancy. Gd-DTPA perfusion was highest in the paravertebral veins, moderate in muscles and epidural fat, and lowest in the spinal cord, intervertebral disk and bone cortex. Gd-DTPA enhanced subtraction MR imaging provides a new diagnostic tool to detect and to assess bone metastasis.
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328
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Itoh K, Takiyama N, Kase R, Kondoh K, Sano A, Oshima A, Sakuraba H, Suzuki Y. Purification and characterization of human lysosomal protective protein expressed in stably transformed Chinese hamster ovary cells. J Biol Chem 1993; 268:1180-6. [PMID: 8419322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Chinese hamster ovary cells were transfected with a recombinant DNA containing the entire coding sequence of human lysosomal protective protein cDNA under the control of mouse metallothionein I promoter. Neomycin and methotrexate-resistant stably transformed cell lines expressing this protein were isolated. Immunoprecipitation of the product with antiserum against human placental protective protein-beta-galactosidase complex revealed a 52-kDa protective protein precursor, which was then processed to mature form, a heterodimer of 32- and 20-kDa polypeptides. The precursor secreted in the culture medium was taken up by the mannose 6-phosphate receptor system and restored acid carboxypeptidase, beta-galactosidase, and neuraminidase activities in galactosialidosis fibroblasts. The expressed protein showed a granular pattern in intracellular distribution, was fractionated at the density of lysosomes, and had serine esterase activities; acid carboxypeptidase at pH 5.6, esterase at pH 7.0, and carboxyl-terminal deamidase at pH 7.0. They were inhibited simultaneously by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, N-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-phenylalanine chloromethyl ketone, or iodoacetamide. The acid carboxypeptidase activity of the purified monomeric mature protective protein was labile in vitro under the acidic condition. Saposins (sphingolipid activator proteins) stabilized the activity at micromolar level concentrations.
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329
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Maruta K, Ichimura K, Matsui H, Yamagami T, Sano A, Tsuji H. Calcification inhibitors in human ligamentum flavum. J Orthop Res 1993; 11:92-103. [PMID: 8380854 DOI: 10.1002/jor.1100110111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
To examine the presence of substances which inhibit calcification in human ligamentum flavum, the inhibitory effect of an Na2HPO4 extract of the flavum was determined in terms of the in vitro calcium uptake of the ligamentum flavum matrix. Additionally, grafts of extracted and non-extracted dry ligamentum flavum matrices were transplanted into the dorsal muscles of rats, and calcification in the grafts was examined radiologically and histochemically. In order to determine if component cells of human ligamentum flavum produce calcification inhibitors, ligamentum flavum cells were cultured, and the crystal inhibitor activity of the culture medium was measured by a seed test which used hydroxyapatite as the nucleus of precipitation. The calcification reaction system demonstrated that the ligamentum flavum extract contains an inhibitory factor for calcium uptake by the ligamentum flavum matrix. The seed test revealed that human ligamentum flavum cells produce calcification inhibitor activity.
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330
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Kurita N, Sano A, Coelho KI, Takeo K, Nishimura K, Miyaji M. An improved culture medium for detecting live yeast phase cells of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL AND VETERINARY MYCOLOGY : BI-MONTHLY PUBLICATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR HUMAN AND ANIMAL MYCOLOGY 1993; 31:201-5. [PMID: 8360811 DOI: 10.1080/02681219380000251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The plating efficiency of standard mycological media such as brain heart infusion (BHI) agar is poor for Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. We prepared a water-extract of yeast phase cells of P. brasiliensis and examined it for growth-enhancing activity for the fungus. The water-extract, when added to BHI agar to a concentration of 5%, improved the plating efficiency of the medium for the fungus to some extent, but the degree of improvement was considerably varied among P. brasiliensis isolates. By contrast, when the water-extract was added in combination with horse serum (4%), the plating efficiency was highly improved (to 94-99%) for all the P. brasiliensis isolates employed. The growth-enhancing factor(s) in the water-extract was heat-stable and heating at 120 degrees C for 15 min had little, if any, effect on growth-enhancing activity.
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331
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Suzuki E, Sano A, Kuriki T, Miki T. Separation and determination of phospholipids in plasma employing thin-layer chromatographic plate with concentration zone or solid phase extraction. Biol Pharm Bull 1993; 16:77-80. [PMID: 8396488 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.16.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Two efficient extraction methods for phospholipids have been established employing a TLC plate with a concentration zone or a solid-phase extraction cartridge. First, small amounts of five authentic phospholipids, 10 to 100 micrograms each, were separated on a TLC plate with a concentration zone. These phospholipids were not adsorbed to the silica gel of this TLC plate and the substrates were recovered in good yields. Second, a solid-phase extraction cartridge containing NH2-modified silica gel was able to retain all of the authentic phospholipids among C18-, diol-, and CN-modified silica gel and silica gel beds. Elution of neutral and acidic phospholipids from the NH2-cartridge was carried out with a chloroform-methanol mixture and a chloroform-methanol-28% ammonium mixture containing 0.05 M ammonium acetate, respectively. Recovery tests on the above two methods were carried out by conventional capillary gas chromatography. Thus, not less than 95% of each phospholipid was recovered from the TLC plate or NH2-cartridge in a 10 to 100 micrograms sample range. Also, the standard deviation of repeatability of recovery for phosphatidylcholine by solid phase extraction at a 10 micrograms sample range was favorable at sigma = 2.8. This method of separation was applied to determination of the fatty acid compositions of phospholipids in small amounts of plasma.
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332
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Itoh K, Takiyama N, Kase R, Kondoh K, Sano A, Oshima A, Sakuraba H, Suzuki Y. Purification and characterization of human lysosomal protective protein expressed in stably transformed Chinese hamster ovary cells. J Biol Chem 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)54057-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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333
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Ueno S, Sano A, Kotani K, Kondoh K, Kakimoto Y. Distribution of free methylarginines in rat tissues and in the bovine brain. J Neurochem 1992; 59:2012-6. [PMID: 1431891 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb10088.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive and specific method for determining three forms of methylarginine, i.e., NG-monomethylarginine, NG,NG-dimethylarginine, and NG,N'G-dimethylarginine, in mammalian tissues was developed. After partial purification by ion-exchange chromatography, the methylarginines were derivatized to phenylthiocarbamyl compounds and quantitatively determined using HPLC with a reverse-phase C18 column. In rat organs, the highest concentrations of methylarginines were observed in the spleen. In rat brain, cerebellum and olfactory bulb contained large amounts of NG-monomethylarginine and NG,NG-dimethylarginine. A detailed study of the distribution of methylarginines in the bovine brain was also made, and the concentration of NG,N'G-dimethylarginine was almost the same in all regions. The cerebellar gray matter, hippocampus, and hypothalamus contained large amounts of methylarginines. The distribution of methylarginines seems to parallel the distribution of nitric oxide synthase, which is known to be inhibited by NG-monomethylarginine. This may indicate that methylarginines play some role in controlling nitric oxide synthase activity.
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Koyama M, Kuroda Y, Sano A, Nishizawa S, Murakami M, Miyamoto S, Ando K, Maruta T, Ishikura S, Matsumoto S. [MR imaging of bone metastasis]. NIHON IGAKU HOSHASEN GAKKAI ZASSHI. NIPPON ACTA RADIOLOGICA 1992; 52:1550-8. [PMID: 1465336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
One hundred and three patients with known malignancy and suspected bone metastasis underwent magnetic resonance imaging. In 93%, the metastatic lesions, detected both on plain films and radionuclide bone scans, showed decreased signal intensity on T1-weighted images and increased signal intensity on T2-weighted images. All lesions, except one lesion showing much blastic change on plain films, showed contrast enhancement with Gd-DTPA administration. Although further investigation is needed, a correlation between the type of primary malignancy and the signal intensity of the metastatic lesion is suggested. Among 312 metastatic lesions detected by MR imaging, 272 lesions (87%) and 134 lesions (40%) were also detected by radionuclide bone scans and plain films, respectively. In five cases, MR imaging clearly revealed the lesion compressing the spinal cord, which helped us formulate a therapeutic plan. We conclude that MR imaging is the most sensitive examination for detecting bone metastasis and is necessary for planning treatment.
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335
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Sano A, Takimoto N, Takitani S. High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of cyanide in human red blood cells by pre-column fluorescence derivatization. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY 1992; 582:131-5. [PMID: 1491032 DOI: 10.1016/0378-4347(92)80311-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A method for the determination of cyanide in human red cells has been developed. Cyanide was extracted from red cells by adding water and methanol, and then derivatized with 2,3-naphthalene-dialdehyde and taurine to give a fluorescent product, which was determined by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. The recovery of cyanide from red cells was ca. 83%, and the limit of detection was 100 pmol/ml. The mean concentrations of red cell cyanide from ten smokers and from ten non-smokers were 705 and 466 pmol/ml, respectively. The method was also applicable to whole blood.
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336
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Sano A, Miyaji M, Nishimura K. Studies on the relationship between the estrous cycle of BALB/c mice and their resistance to Paracoccidioides brasiliensis infection. Mycopathologia 1992; 119:141-5. [PMID: 1435956 DOI: 10.1007/bf00448811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A relationship between the estrous cycle and non-specific host resistance to Paracoccidiodes brasiliensis yeast cells was examined by using both sexes of adult BALB/c mice. They were divided into 6 groups, including a male group and females at proestrus, estrus, metestrus-I, metestrus-II and diestrus. The mice received yeast cells through three different inoculation routes; intravenous, intraperitoneal and intratracheal. In all of the inoculation routes, the clearance of the yeast cells was influenced by the estrous cycle. The female mice at estrus, which might have high blood estrogen levels, showed a marked clearance of the yeast cells from the blood, peritoneal cavity and lungs. These results suggested that non-specific host resistance to the yeast cells was enhanced by estrogen. All female groups inoculated by the three routes showed higher clearance of the yeast cells than the male group.
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337
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Fukase K, Kitazawa M, Sano A, Shimbo K, Horimoto S, Fujita H, Kubo A, Wakamiya T, Shiba T. Synthetic Study on Peptide Antibiotic Nisin. V. Total Synthesis of Nisin. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1992. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.65.2227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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338
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Takamatsu K, Takizawa T, Sato S, Sano A, Takahashi K, Murakami Y, Yoshihisa K, Sato M, Ota K, Miyamoto T. [Pontine infarction presenting non-paralytic pontine exotropia--evaluation of its clinical course and its MRI findings]. NO TO SHINKEI = BRAIN AND NERVE 1992; 44:639-43. [PMID: 1419340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We report two patients with brainstem infarction who presented non-paralytic pontine exotropia (NPPE) in acute phase. Case 1 was a 76-year-old woman. NPPE observed 3 hours after the onset disappeared two days later. Case 2 was a 60-year-old man. Paralytic pontine exotropia was observed 4 hours after the onset of his stroke. NPPE was noted on the next day and left medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) syndrome was still present on the third day. Seven days later, the disturbances of ocular movement was disappeared. T2-weighted cranial MRI showed high signal intensity lesions in the paramedian portion of the mid-pontine tegmentum beneath the fourth ventricle in both cases. Although it has been thought that NPPE is a rare clinical symptom, we think that NPPE is by no means a rare symptom in the acute stage of brainstem infarction.
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339
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Sano A, Mizuno T, Kondoh K, Hineno T, Ueno S, Kakimoto Y, Morita N. Saposin-C from bovine spleen; complete amino acid sequence and relation between the structure and its biological activity. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1992; 1120:75-80. [PMID: 1554743 DOI: 10.1016/0167-4838(92)90426-e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Saposin-C, a small acidic glycoprotein that can activate glucosylceramide-beta-glucosidase, has been isolated from bovine spleen. The complete amino acid sequence of bovine saposin-C was determined by Edman degradation of the purified protein and its fragmented peptides. It contains 80 amino acids, one carbohydrate chain attached to a single asparagine residue and six cysteine residues in oxidized form. The sequence of bovine saposin-C is 76 and 65% identical with the sequences of saposin-C from human spleen and guinea pig liver, respectively. Hydropathy profiles of the sequence of saposin-C from three species were similar despite the significant residue substitutions. Bovine saposin-C had a stronger effect in stimulating bovine beta-glucosidase compared to human saposin-C. However, the effect of human saposin-C in stimulating human enzyme was stronger than that of bovine saposin-C. The region around residue 35, which is next to the extremely hydrophilic region, seems to be important to produce an interaction with the enzyme.
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340
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Suzuki Y, Sano A, Hatabu H, Imanaka K, Takahashi M, Sadato N, Tamaki T, Fujiwara K, Miki Y, Kawakami K. [Transcatheter arterial infusion of adriamycin-lipiodol suspension to patients with metastatic liver tumor]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 1992; 19:323-6. [PMID: 1311913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Adriamycin-Lipiodol suspension was administered to 44 patients with metastatic liver tumor using the transcatheter arterial infusion method. The result revealed 23% in the over all effect (partial response or more) of the therapy which was evaluated by comparing the CT images of the tumor, 47% in the 25% or more of the decrease of the tumor, and 65%, very effective in the decrease of the smaller tumor (less than 50 cm2). Except for a case of hepatic subcapsular hematoma after the infusion of Adriamycin-Lipiodol suspension, minor complications were experienced such as abdominal pain, slight fever, and so on. No serious exacerbation in liver function test and white blood cell count was noted.
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Abstract
Methylarginines in free form were identified in bovine brain. Three compounds were isolated from the basic aliphatic amino acid fraction of bovine brain with several ion-exchange chromatographies. They showed the same Rf values in paper and thin-layer chromatographies as those of authentic NG-monomethylarginine, NG,NG-dimethylarginine, and NG,N'G-dimethylarginine. The migration distance of the isolated compounds in high-voltage paper electrophoresis and the retention times in ion-exchange HPLC were also identical to those of the above authentic methylarginines. We concluded that these three compounds are the methyl derivatives of arginine described above. The amount of these three compounds isolated from 1,090 g of bovine brain was 0.3 mumol of NG-monomethylarginine, 0.1 mumol of NG,NG-dimethylarginine, and 0.5 mumol of NG,N'G-dimethylarginine. The occurrence of these free methylarginines may have an important role in regulating the signal transduction through the nitric oxide system.
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342
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Sano A, Endo N, Takitani S. Fluorometric assay of rat tissue N-methyltransferases with nicotinamide and four isomeric methylnicotinamides. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 1992; 40:153-6. [PMID: 1533573 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.40.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinamide (NA) and its four isomeric methyl analogs [2-, 4-, 5- and 6-methylnicotinamides (MNs)] were tested as substrates for nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) and amine N-methyltransferase (ANMT) using rat liver, kidney, spleen and brain 9000 x g supernatant fluids as model enzyme preparations. The N-methylated products were determined fluorometrically by their reaction with acetophenone or 4-methoxybenzaldehyde to form fluorescent 2,7-naphthyridine derivatives, and the lower limits of the determination were 8-30 pmol/100 microliters. N-Methyltransferase activities were detected in the liver with NA, 4-MN and 5-MN, and in the brain and spleen with 4-MN. On this basis, 5-MN is considered to be a selective substrate for NNMT in addition to NA, which is a known methyl acceptor for this enzyme. Although 4-MN appears to serve as a methyl acceptor for both ANMT and NNMT, it seems to be essentially a selective substrate for brain ANMT because of the absence of NNMT in brain. The fluorometric methods used here are also very useful because of their simplicity, sensitivity and selectivity.
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Otake S, Matsuo M, Nishizawa S, Sano A, Kuroda Y. Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament: MR evaluation. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1992; 13:1059-67; discussion 1068-70. [PMID: 1636514 PMCID: PMC8333587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the MR appearance of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) of the cervical spine. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective review of MR images and conventional tomograms in 147 patients. RESULTS In the sagittal plane, proton-density images identified the ossified lesions more clearly than did T1- and T2-weighted images. All axial sequences identified the lesions much frequently. T1-weighted images often showed areas of increased intensity within the lesions of the continuous and mixed type, especially within the thick lesions. Fat images by Dixon technique demonstrated same areas of increased intensity, which strongly suggested fatty marrow formation. On conventional tomograms, configurations of radiolucent areas within the lesions corresponded to areas of increased intensity on T1-weighted images. CONCLUSION Proton-density sagittal and axial images are important in establishing the diagnosis of OPLL. The areas of increased intensity on T1-weighted images and radiolucent areas suggest marrow formation.
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344
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Sano A, Aoi K, Azekawa T, Sei H, Seno H, Morita Y. Diurnal monoamine variation in young and old rats: a microdialysis study. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 1992; Spec No:577-80. [PMID: 1297816 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.38.special_577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The levels of striatal extracellular DA, DOPAC, HVA and 5-HIAA significantly decreased in aged rats compared to young adults. The magnitude of age-related reduction was greater in dopaminergic than serotonergic substances. The levels of striatal extracellular monoamines in young adult rats showed significant diurnal variations. On the other hand, these substances of aged rats, except for HVA, did not exhibit significant diurnal variations. Enriched environment housing increased levels of striatal extracellular DOPAC in aged rats, but did not influence on the age-related changes of diurnal variations in the striatal extracellular monoamines.
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345
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Kondoh K, Hineno T, Sano A, Kakimoto Y. Isolation and characterization of prosaposin from human milk. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1991; 181:286-92. [PMID: 1958198 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(05)81415-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Prosaposin is the precursor protein for saposins, which are small lysosomal proteins required for the hydrolysis of sphingolipids by specific lysosomal hydrolases. Prosaposin, in addition to generating the saposins in the lysosomes, also exists as an unprocessed approximately 70-kDa protein in many tissues and secretory fluids. In this study, we isolated prosaposin from human milk. Milk was fractioned by ammonium sulfate precipitation, then chromatographed with DEAE-Sephacel and G-3000 SW gel permeation-HPLC. A fraction containing prosaposin was finally purified with the anti-saposin C IgG attached affinity column. The protein staining of the purified preparation on SDS-PAGE and the Western blotting showed a single band. The sequence of the initial 10 amino acids from N-terminus of the purified protein was identical to the sequence of prosaposin deduced from cDNA. Although prosaposin itself showed beta-glucosidase activator activity at a slight degree, the activity increased much after trypsin treatment. Western blotting of the trypsin-treated sample confirmed the formation of small saposin-like bands from prosaposin by the action of trypsin.
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346
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Azekawa T, Sano A, Sei H, Morita Y. Diurnal changes in pineal extracellular indoles of freely moving rats. Neurosci Lett 1991; 132:93-6. [PMID: 1724072 DOI: 10.1016/0304-3940(91)90441-u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We observed 24 h changes of 'extracellular' indoleamines in pineal microdialysates taken from freely moving rats under a 12 h light/12 h dark cycle. Pineal indoleamines in microdialysates were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Consequently, they exhibited marked diurnal variations. The diurnal level in the extracellular 5-HT, higher for the light and lower for the dark, was parallel to that in 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and diametrically opposite to that in N-acetylserotonin (NAS). The release of 5-HT into the extracellular space transiently increased for the first 2 h after the dark onset and then became lower during the dark.
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347
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Sano A, Miyaji M, Nishimura K. Studies on the relationship between paracoccidioidomycosis in ddY mice and their estrous cycle. Mycopathologia 1991; 115:73-81. [PMID: 1784309 DOI: 10.1007/bf00436795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between paracoccidioidomycosis in ddY mouse and its estrous cycle was studied. Adult ddY mice of both sexes were used as experimental animals. Estrous cycle of female mice was examined before inoculation of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis yeast cells and mice were divided into 5 groups such as proestrus, estrus, metestrus-I, metestrus-II and diestrus. Each mouse was inoculated intravenously with 10(6) P. brasiliensis yeast cell units and sacrificed on day 28 after inoculation. Their internal organs were cultured, and in addition, their histopathologies were studied. As a result, there was no difference in the organ cultures among the male and the female mice of 5 groups. However, histopathologically, the female groups at estrus, metestrus-I and metestrus-II were affected more severely than the male group, and the susceptibility of the female mice to the fungus was closely related to their estrous cycles.
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348
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Hashimoto R, Sano A, Nishimura J, Funabashi T, Kimura F. Naloxone injected into the preoptic region has hypophysiotropic and seizurogenic actions in rats. ENDOCRINOLOGIA JAPONICA 1991; 38:287-95. [PMID: 1794335 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj1954.38.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The effects of microinjection of naloxone, an opiate receptor antagonist, into the medial preoptic area (MPO) and diagonal band of Broca (DBB) on luteinizing hormone (LH) and prolactin (PRL) secretion were examined in the intact male rat and female rat in diestrus 1. In both the male and female rats, the injection of 50 micrograms naloxone at 1300 h produced an acute, two- to three-fold increase in serum LH, attaining the peak at 20 min. The PRL concentration in the female 20 min-2 h after the injection was significantly lower than in the saline-injected rat. In the male rat, naloxone caused a decrease in the PRL concentration in the late afternoon when a small rise occurred in the saline-injected rat, although it caused no immediate changes. In addition to these hypophysiotropic effects, naloxone injected in the MPO and DBB unexpectedly had seizurogenic actions. More than 40% of the animals of both sexes given an injection of naloxone had behavioral seizures, which began after about 20 min and were repeated intermittently at 15-20 min intervals through the sampling period of 6 h. In the LH and PRL response to naloxone, there was no significant difference between animals with and without seizure response in both sexes. The results suggest that in the preoptic opioid system there is no difference according to sex in the control of LH, and only a small one, if any, in the control of PRL. Further, on the basis of previous reports, there is a GABAergic system in the preoptic region, that is antagonized by naloxone and causes the activation of cortical neuronal activity.
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349
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Sano A, Miyaji M, Nishimura K, de Franco MF. Studies on the relationship between the pathogenicity of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis in mice and its growth rate under different oxygen atmospheres. Mycopathologia 1991; 114:93-101. [PMID: 1831538 DOI: 10.1007/bf00436428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We performed comparative studies of the pathogenicity of six strains of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis (Bt-9, Bt-4, Pb-9, Pb-18, Bt-7 and B-1183) for young adult male ddY mice and the growth rate of each strain under different oxygen atmospheres (aerobic, micro-aerobic and anaerobic atmospheres) at 37 degrees C. 10(6) units of yeast cells were intravenously injected into each mouse. The pathogenicity of each isolate was determined by a scoring system based on organ culture and histopathological findings. The growth rates under different oxygen atmospheres were determined by a scoring system in which 300 fungal units per strain were counted. The strain Bt-9 showed the greatest pathogenicity, followed by Bt-4, Pb-9 and Pb-18 had on intermediate rank of pathogenicity. Bt-7 and B-1183 were the least pathogenic of the strains tested. Except for strain Bt-7 all strains showed an excellent growth under an aerobic atmosphere. Bt-4 and Bt-9 also showed excellent growth under a micro-aerobic atmosphere, followed by Pb-9, whereas the growth of Pb-18, Bt-7 and B-1183 was limited. There was a correlation between the growth rate under a micro-aerobic atmosphere and the pathogenicity of a strain. The growth rate of P. brasiliensis under a micro-aerobic atmosphere strongly correlated to its pathogenicity.
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Hineno T, Sano A, Kondoh K, Ueno S, Kakimoto Y, Yoshida K. Secretion of sphingolipid hydrolase activator precursor, prosaposin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1991; 176:668-74. [PMID: 2025281 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(05)80236-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipid hydrolases are activated by activator proteins or saposins. The precursor protein has been expected from the studies on the cDNA for saposins. Here we demonstrate that prosaposin occurs in various kinds of human secretory fluids such as cerebrospinal fluid, semen, milk, pancreatic juice, and bile. However, mature type saposins were not detected in these fluids. In human milk the amount of prosaposin changed during the lactating period; it became high in concentration within a few days after delivery, decreased during the transitional milk lactating stage, and then increased again toward the mature milk lactating stage. Prosaposin was released from human platelets in response to stimulation by thrombin, but mature saposins were not. From the time course of the release of prosaposin induced by thrombin and from the fact that weak platelet agonists, ADP, epinephrine, and collagen, did not cause the release of prosaposin, prosaposin secretion from platelets seemed to be from lysosome like granules. We postulate that some prosaposin works as a precursor for saposins in the lysosomes and the other serves as an extracellular protein with other specific roles.
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