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Hussain A, DiPaola RS, Baron AD, Higano CS, Tchekmedyian NS, Johri AR. Phase II trial of weekly patupilone in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer. Ann Oncol 2008; 20:492-7. [PMID: 19087985 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdn665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug resistance mechanisms can reduce response rate and duration in men with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) receiving docetaxel-based therapy. Patupilone (epothilone B), a microtubule-targeting agent, may be unaffected by some resistance mechanisms. Therefore, a phase II study assessed the patupilone safety and activity in CRPC patients with and without previous chemotherapy. METHODS CRPC patients received patupilone 2.5 mg/m(2) weekly for 3 weeks of a 4-week cycle. Patients were required to have measurable disease or prostate-specific antigen (PSA) progression (levels>20 ng/ml). RESULTS All 45 enrolled patients (median age, 69 years) were safety and response assessable. Sixty-four percent had previous chemotherapy (55% had previous taxane therapy). Patients received a median of three patupilone cycles. Patupilone was generally well tolerated. Ten (22%) patients experienced grade 3 diarrhea, six (13%) grade 3 fatigue, and one (2%) grade 3 neuropathy with no neutropenia or thrombocytopenia incidence. Six (13%) patients had >or= 50% decline in PSA (three had previous taxane therapy). No patient with measurable disease had a response. Median overall survival was 13.4 months. CONCLUSIONS The safety profile of weekly patupilone in CRPC patients compares favorably with that of other microtubule inhibitors. At the dose and schedule tested, patupilone demonstrated minimal activity in CRPC.
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Msuya SE, Mbizvo EM, Hussain A, Uriyo J, Sam NE, Stray-Pedersen B. Low male partner participation in antenatal HIV counselling and testing in northern Tanzania: implications for preventive programs. AIDS Care 2008; 20:700-9. [PMID: 18576172 DOI: 10.1080/09540120701687059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to describe the prevalence and predictors for male partner participation in HIV voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) at two primary healthcare clinics in Moshi urban, Tanzania as well as the effect of partner participation on uptake of HIV perinatal interventions. Pregnant women (n = 2654) in their third trimester, participating in a prevention of mother to child tranmission (PMTCT) program between June 2002 and March 2004 were encouraged to inform and invite their partners for HIV-VCT. Trained nurses conducted pre-test counselling, interviews, clinical examinations and blood sampling from the participating women and their partners. Test results were presented and post-test counselling was conducted individually or in couples, depending on the wishes of the participants. Three-hundred-and-thirty-two male partners (12.5%) came for HIV-VCT. A high proportion (131; 40%) came after the woman had delivered. HIV-seropositive women whose partners attended were three times more likely to use Nevirapine prophylaxis, four times more likely to avoid breastfeeding and six times more likely to adhere to the infant feeding method selected than those whose partners didn't attend. Women were more likely to bring their partner for VCT if they collected their own test results, were living with their partner, had a high monthly income and had expressed at enrolment the intention to share HIV results with their partner. Although PMTCT programs are presumably a good entry point for male involvement in prevention of sexual and perinatal HIV transmission, this traditional clinic-based approach reaches few men. Given the positive influence male participation has on the acceptance of perinatal interventions, a different approach for promoting male participation in VCT is urgently required. Within PMTCT programs, counseling should emphasize the advantages of partner participation to encourage women to inform and convince male partners to come for VCT. Also, promotion of couple VCT outside antenatal settings in male friendly and accessible settings should be given priority.
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Hussain A, Belderbos S. Risperidone depot in the treatment of psychosis associated with multiple sclerosis -- a case report. J Psychopharmacol 2008; 22:925-6. [PMID: 18308807 DOI: 10.1177/0269881107083997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
There is insufficient evidence worldwide regarding the choice of an appropriate anti-psychotic agent in the treatment of psychosis associated with multiple sclerosis. This case report demonstrates the effective use of Risperidone depot.
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Hussain A, Mahmood H. Letter 2: use of enoxaparin results in more haemorrhagic complications after breast surgery than unfractionated heparin (Br J Surg 2008; 95: 834-836). Br J Surg 2008; 95:1426; author reply 1427. [PMID: 18844277 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.6420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Uddin S, Hussain A, Ahmed M, Belgaumi A, Al‐Dayel F, Ajarim D, Bavi P, Al‐Kuraya KS. S‐phase kinase protein 2 is an attractive therapeutic target in a subset of diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma. J Pathol 2008; 216:483-94. [PMID: 18850583 DOI: 10.1002/path.2433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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331
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van der Tol A, Hussain A, Sever MS, Claus S, Van Biesen W, Hoste E, Khan S, Vanholder R. Impact of local circumstances on outcome of renal casualties in major disasters. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2008; 24:907-12. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfn557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Kwok Y, Kataria R, Amin P, Naslund M, Hussain A, Dawson N, DiBiase S. Long-term Results of a Prospective Phase II Trial of Androgen Ablation, Pelvic External Beam Radiation Therapy, Brachytherapy Boost, and Adjuvant Docetaxel in High-risk Prostate Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.06.935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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333
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Hussain A, Mahmood H, Nicholls J, El-Hasani S. Continuous figure-of-eight suturing in upper and lower gastrointestinal anastomosis. Singapore Med J 2008; 49:672-675. [PMID: 18830539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The optimal technique for gastrointestinal anastomosis is controversial. The three most popular techniques are two layers, one layer and the stapling method. However, there is no universal agreement on the best technique. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of continuous figure-of-eight suturing in gastrointestinal anastomosis. METHODS This was a retrospective study of 170 patients who underwent gastrointestinal anastomosis using continuous figure-of-eight suturing for the first layer and continuous seromuscular suturing for the second layer from August 1993 to January 2006. All operations were performed by a single consultant surgeon. We assessed each anastomosis by checking the integrity, vascularity and patency, and also ensuring tension-free status. Postoperatively, patients were managed by routine care of intravenous fluids and nasogastric tube until they had active bowel sounds and started absorbing. Imaging was arranged for patients who developed clinical signs and symptoms of leak. RESULTS 170 patients underwent gastrointestinal anastomosis by continuous figure-of-eight suturing for different pathologies over a two-and-a-half-year period. There were 92 (54.1 percent) men and 78 (45.9 percent) women. The mean age of the patients was 56 (range 20-88) years. The median follow-up was 74 months. There were 124 (72.9 percent) small bowel anastomosis and 46 (27.1 percent) large bowel anastomosis. An important complication after gastrointestinal anastomosis was leakage, which was reported in three (1.8 percent) patients. One of them had gastric cancer, one had Crohn's disease and one had intestinal ischaemia. No mortality was reported in relation to anastomotic failure. Two (1.2 percent) patients developed stenosis and 15 (8.8 percent) patients died because of progression of their disease or other pathologies during the follow-up. CONCLUSION Continuous figure-of-eight suturing is a simple, easy to learn, safe and satisfactory upper and lower gastrointestinal anastomosis technique.
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Mirmiran A, Kwok Y, Amin P, Hussain A. Analysis of Late Toxicity of a Phase I/II Trial of Weekly Paclitaxel, Concurrent Radiation (RT) and Androgen Ablation (AA) in Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer (LAPC) or after Radical Prostatectomy (RP). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.06.979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Hussain A, El-Hasani S. A novel approach to extraction of incarcerated omentum and mesh insertion in laparoscopic ventral hernia repair. Surg Endosc 2008; 22:2535; author reply 2536. [PMID: 18649094 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-008-0093-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2008] [Accepted: 06/26/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Aqil M, Ulhaq A, Arafat A, Hussain A, Rasheed A, Turkistani A. Venous air embolism during the use of a Nd YAG laser. Anaesthesia 2008; 63:1006-9. [PMID: 18616649 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.2008.05543.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We report a case of a 47-year-old female who suffered a cardiac arrest during sub-mucosal diathermy of the inferior turbinate using a Nd YAG laser. The possible causes of the cardiac arrest are discussed. Venous air embolism due to Nd YAG laser was thought to be the most likely cause in this case. Although venous air embolism has previously been reported during nasal sinus surgery and choanal atresia when using a Nd YAG laser, the occurrence of this complication during a relatively minor surgical procedure has not previously been reported. It is important, therefore, to raise the awareness of this life threatening complication during use of a Nd YAG laser regardless of the duration of surgery. We recommend the use of appropriate methods and techniques to avoid this life threatening complication during the use of Nd YAG laser even for relatively short procedures.
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Shakeel M, Newton JR, Clark D, Hussain A. Patients' satisfaction with the nurse-led aural care clinic. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2008; 20:81-83. [PMID: 19610525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The necessity of decreasing costs while maintaining a high standard of clinical care has led to the expansion of the role of nurses in recent years. To this end, nurse-led clinics are becoming increasingly common in otolaryngology. The aims of this cross sectional survey were to assess patients' satisfaction with this nurse-led aural care clinic. METHOD Patients attending this clinic were requested to fill in an anonymous questionnaire. Data was collected for 12 weeks between January and April, 2007. RESULTS Forty-four questionnaires were completed satisfactorily (44/50 = 88%). In response to the presenting complaint, the nurse gave verbal advice (25), discussed with a doctor (10) or arranged a doctor review (9). Forty patients were very satisfied and 4 patients were satisfied with the overall care in the clinic. CONCLUSION Combining medical and nursing efforts can provide efficient use of limited time resource in NHS. Nurse-led clinics are cost effective and help reduce the waiting time, for outpatient clinics.
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Furlan A, Hussain A, Barila D, Patané S, Maigret B, Dono R, Maina F. Towards combined treatments targeting Met and downstream survival signals: from cell biology to preclinical trials. EJC Suppl 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(08)71461-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Hussain A, Ahmad SB, Muhammad W, Kakakhail MB, Matiullah. Epidemiology of the breast cancer patients registered at Institute of Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine, Peshawar, Pakistan. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2008; 17:469-76. [PMID: 18564287 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2354.2007.00879.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In Pakistan, malignant diseases are increasing day by day, but no epidemiological cancer study on large scale has been designed. The main objective of this study was to provide a baseline data on frequency, morphological types, gender and age distribution etc., of breast cancer in North-West Frontier Province and Federally Administered Tribal Areas of Pakistan, and to compare it with the published data. In this context, 2134 breast cancer patients (2059 female and 75 male) registered at Institute of Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine, Peshawar from 1995 to 2001, were studied. Crude incidence, standardized incidence ratios (SIR, world) and age-specific incidence rates (ASIR) were determined both for male and female patients. Same morphological distribution was found in both genders. Moreover, breast cancer was found to be the most common malignancy among the women (96.49%). Male to female breast cancer ratio was found to be 3.5 times higher than the reported data. The highest ASIR of approximately 10.6/100,000 per year among women was observed in the age group of 55-59 years. In men, the highest ASIR of 0.84/100,000 per year was observed in the age group of 65-69 years. The SIR (world) for women was 3.15/100,000 per year, while for male this was 0.13/100,000 per year.
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Sim D, Hussain A, Tebbal A, Daly S, Pringle E, Ionides A. National survey of the management of eye emergencies in the accident and emergency departments by senior house officers: 10 years on--has anything changed? Emerg Med J 2008; 25:76-7. [PMID: 18212138 DOI: 10.1136/emj.2007.049999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess changes in basic ophthalmic training of accident and emergency (A&E) senior house officers (SHOs) in the last 10 years, their own perceived level of confidence and the availability of appropriate equipment in their departments. METHODS A standardised structured questionnaire from a telephone survey carried out in 1993 was used. One SHO from each A&E department listed in the British Association of Emergency Medicine directory of 2003 was chosen at random and interviewed. RESULTS 168 A&E departments were contacted and 133 SHOs were successfully interviewed (response rate 79.2%). The number of A&E departments with a slit lamp increased by 25.7% from 1993, and slit lamp training increased by 21%. There was no significant change in the prevalence of training in the management of eye emergencies (74.0% in 1993 vs 77.4% in 2003) and the proportion of SHOs who felt confident in dealing with these cases was unchanged. CONCLUSIONS A&E departments are better equipped with slit lamps 10 years on, and staff are being trained to use them. This has unfortunately not improved the confidence levels in dealing with eye emergencies, reflecting the lack of adequate basic ophthalmic training for A&E SHOs. Recent changes in postgraduate medical training could provide a platform to bring about the changes required.
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Mullins CD, Hsu VD, Onukwugha E, Zuckerman IH, Hussain A. Disparities and trends in prostate cancer staging over time. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.5160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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342
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Hussain A, Andrews SR. Ultrabroadband polarization analysis of terahertz pulses. OPTICS EXPRESS 2008; 16:7251-7257. [PMID: 18545430 DOI: 10.1364/oe.16.007251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We describe the characteristics of a sensitive photoconductive detector that simultaneously measures orthogonal electric field components of electromagnetic transients with bandwidths up to 30 THz. The device consists of an As(+) implanted GaAs photoconducting region at the centre of a pair of perpendicular bow-tie antennas. The performance is illustrated by studies of optical rectification in GaSe, retardation in a birefringent polymer film and THz emission from impulsively excited optical phonons in GaN.
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Rahim MA, Khan AKA, Ali SMK, Nahar Q, Shaheen A, Hussain A. Glucose tolerance in a rural population of Bangladesh. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2008; 28:45-50. [PMID: 19902047 PMCID: PMC2772011 DOI: 10.4103/0973-3930.43098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing in the Bangladeshi population. However, there is little information available on the prevalence of glucose intolerance, ie, type 2 diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, and impaired fasting glucose. AIMS The main aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of different categories of glucose intolerance and their relationship with different anthropometric and demographic characteristics. SETTINGS AND DESIGN This cross-sectional study was performed in a rural area of Bangladesh. MATERIALS AND METHODS A random sample of 5000 persons aged >/= 20 years was included in this study. Fasting blood glucose was measured in 3981 individuals and 2-h post-glucose blood glucose was measured in 3954 subjects after the known cases of diabetes (n = 27) were excluded. Height, weight, waist and hip circumference, and blood pressure were measured. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Pearson Chi-squared test and correlation test were used for analysis as appropriate. RESULTS The prevalence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and diabetes (DM) were 1.3, 2.0, and 7.0%, respectively. IFG, IGT, and IFG + IGT were more prevalent in females. Age showed a significant positive relationship with increasing levels of glucose intolerance. Body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio were higher in the glucose-intolerant group than in the normal glucose tolerance (NGT) group. There was a positive correlation between FBG and 2-h BG in NGT and DM subjects. CONCLUSION The FBG value identified more people with glucose intolerance than the 2-h BG. These findings will help developing diabetes preventive strategy in rural populations.
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Hussain A, Mahmood H, Nicholls J, El-Hasani S. Laparoscopic ventral hernia repair. Our experience of 61 consecutive series: Prospective study. Int J Surg 2008; 6:15-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2007.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2007] [Revised: 11/23/2007] [Accepted: 11/27/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Hussain A, Mahmood H, Shuaib S, El-Hasani S. Prevention of trocar site incisional hernia following laparoscopic ventral hernia repair. JSLS 2008; 12:206-9. [PMID: 18435900 PMCID: PMC3016175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Trocar-site incisional hernia following laparoscopic ventral hernia repair is reported to have a relatively high incidence. The main reasons are trocar diameter and design, pre-existing fascial defects, and some operation- and patient-related factors. The aim of this article to show a new technique of ventral hernia repair that could prevent trocar site incisional hernia. METHODS After establishing the pneumoperitoneum, three 5-mm ports are inserted in positions according to the site and size of the hernia. The procedure begins by dissection of the adhesions of bowel loops or omentum (if any) from the hernia to clear a good margin for mesh coverage. Then a single 10-mm to 15-mm port (mesh insertion port) is inserted in the center of the ventral hernia depending on the size of the mesh. The mesh is fixed in position with a 5-mm tacker. The peritoneum and underlying superficial fascia are carefully closed before closing the skin. RESULTS A total of 35 patients were recruited for this method. The mean hospital stay was 1.5 days, the mean age was 50.35 years and the mean operative time was 40 minutes. In all patients, 10x15-cm ePTFE was used. No single incidence of trocar-site incisional hernia occurred during a mean follow-up of 2 years. Three (8.57%) patients developed complications and no mortality was reported. CONCLUSION The mesh introduction through the port, which is situated at the center of the hernia defect is a simple, cost-effective technique and will prevent trocar-site incisional hernia.
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Msuya SE, Mbizvo EM, Stray-Pedersen B, Uriyo J, Sam NE, Rusakaniko S, Hussain A. Decline in HIV prevalence among women of childbearing age in Moshi urban, Tanzania. Int J STD AIDS 2007; 18:680-7. [PMID: 17945046 DOI: 10.1258/095646207782193858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to describe trends over time in HIV prevalence, sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and sexual behaviour among women in Moshi urban, Tanzania. Two cross-sectional studies were conducted in 1999 and in 2002-04 among women attending three primary health-care clinics. They were interviewed and screened for HIV and STIs. There was a significant decrease in HIV prevalence (11.5-6.9%). The decline was greatest among women aged 15-24 years. Syphilis, trichomoniasis, bacterial vaginosis, genital ulcers and reported STI symptoms also decreased significantly over the three-year inter-survey period. The proportion of women reporting casual sex decreased and knowledge of STI symptoms and health-care seeking behaviour improved. Herpes simplex virus type 2, genital warts, age at sexual debut, age at first pregnancy and condom use remained unchanged. In conclusion, decline in curable STIs and casual sex partners may partly explain the observed decline in HIV seroprevalence. Both STIs and sexual behaviour should be monitored in HIV sentinel surveillance. There remains a gap between knowledge of preventive behaviour and actual preventive practices.
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Rahim M, Azad Khan A, Sayeed M, Akhtar B, Nahar Q, Ali S, Hussain A. Metabolic syndrome in rural Bangladesh: Comparison of newly proposed IDF, modified ATP III and WHO criteria and their agreements. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2007.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Leyna GH, Mnyika KS, Mmbaga EJ, Hussain A, Klouman E, Holm-Hansen C, Klepp KI. Food insufficiency in rural Kilimanjaro, Tanzania. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 84:163-71. [PMID: 17894250 DOI: 10.4314/eamj.v84i4.9520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To estimate the prevalence of reported food insufficiency associated socio-demographic factors and health indicators in rural Tanzania. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. SETTING A rural community in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania. SUBJECTS Eight hundred and ninety nine individuals aged 15-36 years. A structured questionnaire was administered to collect information on socio-demographic factors, health indicators and food insufficiency. Participants were tested for HIV-1 using saliva samples. RESULTS The prevalence of food insufficiency was 25.3% with no sex difference. After controlling for potential confounders age (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 1.05; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.02-1.08), low education level (AOR = 4.73; CI: 1.30-17.11), being a peasant (AOR = 2.29; CI: 1.04-5.04), poor self-rated health status (AOR = 4.35; CI: 1.71-11.00) and having health problems (AOR = 2.23; CI: 1.21-4.08) were associated with food insufficiency among women but not men. In unadjusted analysis, women with food insufficiency had over twice the odds of testing HIV positive although the association did not reach statistical significance (AOR = 2.12; CI: 0.87-5.19) in adjusted analysis. CONCLUSIONS Food insufficiency was prevalent in rural Tanzania. It was associated with sociodemographic factors and health indicators among women but not men. Our findings suggest that food insufficiency may play a role in increasing vulnerability to HIV infection particularly among women however; more research is needed to explore further this relationship.
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Asghar S, Hussain A, Ali SMK, Khan AKA, Magnusson A. Prevalence of depression and diabetes: a population-based study from rural Bangladesh. Diabet Med 2007; 24:872-7. [PMID: 17403122 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2007.02136.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To determine the extent of depressive symptoms in a rural community of Bangladesh and its association with newly recognized diabetes. METHODS Depressive symptoms were assessed in 184 newly diagnosed diabetic subjects and 768 randomly selected individuals without diabetes. The Montogomery and Aasberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) was used to assess depressive symptoms. A structured interview was performed to obtain socio-demographic and economic information and anthropometric measures were collected. Fasting plasma glucose was measured by the HemoCue glucose analyser. RESULTS Twenty-nine percent of male and 30.5% of female participants with diabetes and 6.0% of male and 14.6% of female subjects without diabetes had depressive symptoms rating > or = 20 on the MADRS. An association between depressive symptoms and diabetes was found (P < 0.01). After controlling for potential confounding factors including age, gender, fasting plasma glucose > 7.0 mmol/l and waist-hip ratio, the association of depression with diabetes remained significant. CONCLUSIONS An unexpectedly high level of unrecognized depressive symptoms was found in the general rural population of Bangladesh. These are among the first data to suggest that depressive symptoms in this culture are common, especially in women. Depression is particularly common in those with diabetes. Psychiatric intervention may be necessary in addition to lifestyle changes to prevent the exponential increase in the occurrence of Type 2 diabetes. In addition, a common approach including psychiatric treatment in diabetes care may be necessary to achieve improved glycaemic control in this population.
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Hussain A, Prasad KSRK, Bhattacharyya D, El-Bouri K. C2 Deficiency Primary Meningococcal Arthritis of the Elbow by Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup Y in a 12-Year Old Girl. Infection 2007; 35:287-8. [PMID: 17653506 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-007-3039-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2003] [Accepted: 02/19/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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