701
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Whelan NL, Subramanian R, Jin J, Keith IM. Intramyocardial arterial cushions of coronary vessels in animals and humans: morphology, occurrence and relation to heart disease. J Vasc Res 1996; 33:209-24. [PMID: 8924519 DOI: 10.1159/000159149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The existence of coronary endoarterial cushions (CEC) in the human heart as nonpathological, functional entities has been debated, and CEC have been sparsely reported in animals. Arterial cushions are localized thickenings that protrude into the lumen of specific arteries. We have identified CEC in the rhesus monkey, dog, sheep, goat, pig, rabbit and rat, and in the human heart. Two distinct types are described: the ovoid CEC arranged singly, in pairs, or in groups of three to four, and the less common polypoid CEC seen primarily in humans. The highest incidence of CEC in rabbits and humans was in the left ventricle in arteries 150-488 microns in diameter. Light and electron microscopy demonstrated intimal location with smooth muscle cells surrounded by ground substance, collagen and elastin fibers in a highly organized pattern. Nerve fibers identified by their immunoreactivity with antiserum to the vasodilatory calcitonin-gene-related peptide contacted the CEC along the tunica media and were occasionally seen within CEC. Arrangement and histological composition of CEC suggest a role in the regulation of local blood flow and myocardial perfusion. In human hearts, the CEC density index correlated highly with the degree of heart disease. In subjects with high heart disease rating, increased connective tissue, lipid-like infiltration and calcification was seen within CEC, and foam cells were present in CEC of obese rabbits. This suggests that CEC in coronary arteries could be predisposed sites of atherosclerosis, and that injured CEC can cause coronary artery spasm and ischemia. We conclude that CEC occur in animals and humans as innervated intimal smooth muscle cushions that might have a role in myocardial perfusion and heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- N L Whelan
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Veterinary Medicine 53706, USA
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702
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Jin J, Ye Q, Weng X, Qin G, Li S. [The pulmonary function in scoliotic patient]. Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao 1996; 18:153-5. [PMID: 9208608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
This paper investigated preoperative pulmonary functions in 134 scoliotic patients, of whom 32 cases was followed up for their postoperative pulmonary functions. The results show that the bigger the Cobb of the scoliosis, the greater the damages of the pulmonary functions. Congenital scoliosis is more severely affected by pulmonary functions than idiopathic scoliosis. There was no significant difference among the different sections of scoliosis with regard to their effect on the pulmonary functions. The authors concluded that the Harrington Instrumentation improved pulmonary functions in scoliosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jin
- PUMC Hospital, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing
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703
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Archer CD, Jin J, Elliott T. Stabilization of a HemA-LacZ hybrid protein against proteolysis during carbon starvation in atp mutants of Salmonella typhimurium. J Bacteriol 1996; 178:2462-4. [PMID: 8636058 PMCID: PMC177965 DOI: 10.1128/jb.178.8.2462-2464.1996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Transposon insertions that stabilize the beta-galactosidase activity of a HemA-LacZ hybrid protein following carbon starvation were mapped to the atp operon of Salmonella typhimurium. This effect is similar to that seen with nuo mutants defective in the energy-conserving type I NADH dehydrogenase. Insertions in several other genes, including such highly pleiotropic mutants as rpoS, polA, and hfq, were isolated with the same phenotypic screen, but they do not affect the beta-galactosidase activity of HemA-LacZ. All of these mutants act indirectly to alter the colony color of many different fusion strains on indicator plates.
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Affiliation(s)
- C D Archer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown 26506, USA
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704
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Xiao J, Messinger Y, Jin J, Myers DE, Bolen JB, Uckun FM. Signal transduction through the beta1 integrin family surface adhesion molecules VLA-4 and VLA-5 of human B-cell precursors activates CD19 receptor-associated protein-tyrosine kinases. J Biol Chem 1996; 271:7659-64. [PMID: 8631803 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.271.13.7659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate that the CD19 receptor associates with the beta1 family integrin receptors on human B-cell precursors as well as mature B-lymphocytes, and engagement of the beta1 family integrin receptors with monoclonal antibody homoconjugates leads to rapid activation of the CD19-associated protein-tyrosine kinases (PTK) and results in hyperphosphorylation of CD19 on tyrosine residues. Our findings prompt the hypothesis that homoconjugate-induced integrin clustering may effect the approximation and, by intermolecular cross-phosphorylation, activation of the CD19-associated PTK and subsequent tyrosine phosphorylation of the CD19 receptor. The ability of the beta1 family integrin receptors to transmit a biochemical signal triggering the CD19-linked multifunctional PTK pathway provides a possible explanation for the pleiotropic biologic responses generated though adhesive VLA-4- and VLA-5-mediated contacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Xiao
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, University of Minnesota Biotherapy Program, Roseville, 55113, USA
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705
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Uckun FM, Tuel-Ahlgren L, Waddick KG, Jun X, Jin J, Myers DE, Rowley RB, Burkhardt AL, Bolen JB. Physical and functional interactions between Lyn and p34cdc2 kinases in irradiated human B-cell precursors. J Biol Chem 1996; 271:6389-97. [PMID: 8626437 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.271.11.6389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure of human B-cell precursors (BCP) to ionizing radiation results in cell cycle arrest at the G2-M checkpoint as a result of inhibitory tyrosine phosphorylation of p34cdc2 . Here, we show that ionizing radiation promotes physical interactions between p34cdc2 and the Src family protein-tyrosine kinase Lyn in the cytoplasm of human BCP leading to tyrosine phosphorylation of p34cdc2. Lyn kinase immunoprecipitated from lysates of irradiated BCP as well as a full-length glutathione S-transferase (GST)-Lyn fusion protein-phosphorylated recombinant human p34cdc2 on tyrosine 15. Furthermore, Lyn kinase physically associated with and tyrosine-phosphorylated p34cdc2 kinase in vivo when co-expressed in COS-7 cells. Binding experiments with truncated GST-Lyn fusion proteins suggested a functional role for the SH3 rather than the SH2 domain of Lyn in Lyn-p34cdc2 interactions in BCP. The first 27 residues of the unique amino-terminal domain of Lyn were also essential for the ability of GST-Lyn fusion proteins to bind to p34cdc2 from BCP lysates. Ionizing radiation failed to cause tyrosine phosphorylation of p34cdc2 or G2 arrest in Lyn kinase-deficient BCP, supporting an important role of Lyn kinase in radiation-induced G2 phase-specific cell cycle arrest. Our findings implicate Lyn as an important cytoplasmic suppressor of p34cdc2 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- F M Uckun
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology-Radiation Oncology, University of Minnesota Health Sciences Center, Minneapolis 55455, USA
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706
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Gogos JA, Jin J, Wan H, Kokkinidis M, Kafatos FC. Recognition of diverse sequences by class I zinc fingers: asymmetries and indirect effects on specificity in the interaction between CF2II and A+T-rich elements. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1996; 93:2159-64. [PMID: 8700901 PMCID: PMC39927 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.93.5.2159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The Drosophila CF2II protein, which contains zinc fingers of the Cys2His2 type and recognizes an A+T-rich sequence, behaves in cell culture as an activator of a reporter chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene. This activity depends on C-terminal but not N-terminal zinc fingers, as does in vitro DNA binding. By site-specific mutagenesis and binding site selection, we define the critical amino acid-base interactions. Mutations of single amino acid residues at the leading edge of the recognition helix are rarely neutral: many result in a slight change in affinity for the ideal DNA target site; some cause major loss of affinity; and others change specificity for as many as two bases in the target site. Compared to zinc fingers that recognize G+C-rich DNA, CF2II fingers appear to bind to A+T-rich DNA in a generally similar manner, but with additional flexibility and amino acid-base interactions. The results illustrate how zinc fingers may be evolving to recognize an unusually diverse set of DNA sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Gogos
- The Biological Laboratories, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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707
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Tuel-Ahlgren L, Jun X, Waddick KG, Jin J, Bolen J, Uckun FM. Role of tyrosine phosphorylation in radiation-induced cell cycle-arrest of leukemic B-cell precursors at the G2-M transition checkpoint. Leuk Lymphoma 1996; 20:417-26. [PMID: 8833397 DOI: 10.3109/10428199609052423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Here we provide experimental evidence that ionizing radiation induces inhibitory tyrosine phosphorylation of the p34cdc2 kinase in human leukemic B-cell precursors. Herbimycin A markedly reduced tyrosine phosphorylation of p34cdc2 in irradiated leukemic B-cell precursors, thereby preventing radiation-induced cell cycle arrest at the G2-M transition checkpoint. Thus, tyrosine phosphorylation is directly responsible for the inactivation of p34cdc2 in irradiated human leukemic B-cell precursors and activation of protein tyrosine kinases is a proximal and mandatory step in radiation-induced G2-arrest arrest at the G2-M checkpoint. Human WEE1 kinase isolated from unirradiated or irradiated leukemic B-cell precursors had minimal tyrosine kinase activity towards p34cdc2. We detected no increase of human WEE1 kinase activity after radiation of leukemic B-cell precursors, as measured by (a) autophosphorylation, (b) tyrosine phosphorylation of a synthetic peptide derived from the p34cdc2 amino-terminal region or (c) recombinant human p34cdc2-cyclin B complex. Thus the signaling pathway leading to inhibitory tyrosine phosphorylation of p34cdc2 and G2-arrest in irradiated human leukemic B-cell precursors functions independent of p49 WEE1 HU and enzymes which augment the tyrosine kinase activity of p49 WEE 1HU.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Tuel-Ahlgren
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology-Radiation Oncology, University of Minnesota Health Sciences Center, Minneapolis, USA
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708
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Lee CH, Lee CE, Jin J, Nam B. 1H NMR study of spin dynamics in the I2-doped PBMPV conducting polymers. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1996; 53:1896-1899. [PMID: 9983649 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.53.1896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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709
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Jin J, Khemliche H, Prior MH, Xie Z. New highly charged fullerene ions: Production and fragmentation by slow ion impact. Phys Rev A 1996; 53:615-618. [PMID: 9912922 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.53.615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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710
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Santavirta S, Ceponis A, Solovieva SA, Hurri H, Jin J, Takagi M, Suda A, Konttinen YT. Periprosthetic microvasculature in loosening of total hip replacement. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 1996; 115:286-9. [PMID: 8836463 DOI: 10.1007/bf00439055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
This study was performed to quantitate vascularity in periprosthetic tissues of loose total hip replacements (THRs), because most likely revascularization and endothelial cells are important for implant osseointegration and loosening. Interface and pseudocapsular tissue samples obtained from loose THRs were stained with an immunohistochemical labelling (ABC technique) for von Willebrand factor. Non-inflammatory synovial samples served as controls. The results were quantitated by morphometry using the Kontron image analysis system. Evaluation of the mean endothelial index (EI; positively stained area micron/mm2 of tissue) revealed that in the control samples synovium was better vascularized than was the case in the cellular areas of the periprosthetic pseudocapsule (P = 0.0008) and interface (P = 0.0004) of loose THRs. There was no significant difference between mean EI of cellular areas in the interface and that of the pseudocapsule (P = 0.24). In the interface the vascularity was irregular. Vascular injury and decreased blood supply seem to occur at the implant-host interface, which may be one of the reasons for insufficient implant osseointegration and loosening.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Santavirta
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland
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711
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Wang WW, Shahrestanifar M, Jin J, Howells RD. Studies on mu and delta opioid receptor selectivity utilizing chimeric and site-mutagenized receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1995; 92:12436-40. [PMID: 8618916 PMCID: PMC40372 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.92.26.12436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Opioid receptors are members of the guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein)-coupled receptor family. Three types of opioid receptors have been cloned and characterized and are referred to as the delta, kappa and mu types. Analysis of receptor chimeras and site-directed mutant receptors has provided a great deal of information about functionally important amino acid side chains that constitute the ligand-binding domains and G-protein-coupling domains of G-protein-coupled receptors. We have constructed delta/mu opioid receptor chimeras that were express in human embryonic kidney 293 cells in order to define receptor domains that are responsible for receptor type selectivity. All chimeric receptors and wild-type delta and mu opioid receptors displayed high-affinity binding of etorphine (an agonist), naloxone (an antagonist), and bremazocine (a mixed agonist/antagonist). In contrast, chimeras that lacked the putative first extracellular loop of the mu receptor did not bind the mu-selective peptide [D-Ala2,MePhe4,Gly5-ol]enkephalin (DAMGO). Chimeras that lacked the putative third extracellular loop of the delta receptor did not bind the delta-selective peptide, [D-Ser2,D-Leu5]enkephalin-Thr (DSLET). Point mutations in the putative third extracellular loop of the wild-type delta receptor that converted vicinal arginine residues to glutamine abolished DSLET binding while not affecting bremazocine, etorphine, and naltrindole binding. We conclude that amino acids in the putative first extracellular loop of the mu receptor are critical for high-affinity DAMGO binding and that arginine residues in the putative third extracellular loop of the delta receptor are important for high-affinity DSLET binding.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Analgesics/metabolism
- Base Sequence
- Benzomorphans/metabolism
- Binding, Competitive
- Cell Line
- Cell Membrane/physiology
- Cell Membrane/ultrastructure
- Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-
- Enkephalin, Leucine/analogs & derivatives
- Enkephalin, Leucine/metabolism
- Enkephalins/metabolism
- Etorphine/metabolism
- GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Humans
- Kidney
- Kinetics
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
- Naloxone/metabolism
- Oligodeoxyribonucleotides
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Protein Structure, Secondary
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/metabolism
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/biosynthesis
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism
- Substrate Specificity
- Transfection
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Affiliation(s)
- W W Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New Jersey Medical School, Newark 07103, USA
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712
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Abstract
Urinary bladders of normal adult female guinea pigs were analyzed for anatomical evidence of nerve-mast cell interaction using light microscopy and electron microscopy. Nerves, ganglia, and individual nerve fibers were visualized on paraffin sections using immunohistochemistry with antisera against the neural antigens neurofilament protein and protein gene product 9.5, and sections were also immunoreacted with antisera against the neuropeptides substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide. Separate mast cell populations were identified by counterstaining with toluidine blue and alcian blue. Mast cells of both types were found within nerves and intramural ganglia and were in close contact with individual nerve fibers displaying substance P- and calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactivity. Moreover, serotonin-immunoreactive mast cells were innervated with nerve fibers that reacted with antiserum against vasoactive intestinal polypeptide. At the ultrastructural level, these fibers were almost exclusively identified as unmyelinated primary sensory afferents. Mast cells contacted these fibers with lamellipodia that wrapped around and enclosed the fibers deeply within the cell. Close association between mast cells, nerves, and vessels was common. Ultrastructural evidence suggests that bidirectional communication occurs between nerve fibers and mast cells. These structures may participate in axon reflexes that regulate normal vascular and detrusor smooth muscle function and cause vasodilation, edema, inflammation, and bladder hyperreactivity. In summary, a close relationship exists between mast cells and peptidergic nerve fibers, including primary sensory afferents. Results suggest that bidirectional interaction could occur between nerves and mast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- I M Keith
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706-1102, USA
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713
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Yamakado K, Takeda K, Nishide Y, Jin J, Matsumura K, Nakatsuka A, Hirano T, Kato N, Nakagawa T. Portal vein embolization with steel coils and absolute ethanol: a comparative experimental study with canine liver. Hepatology 1995; 22:1812-8. [PMID: 7489993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
Portal vein embolization (PVE) is expected to have an adjuvant effect on the treatment of human liver tumors with transcatheter hepatic arterial embolization (TAE). In this experimental study, PVE was tried using two kinds of embolic materials, steel coils (coils) and absolute ethanol (ethanol). The aim of this article is to compare the effectiveness between the two methods. Five dogs and 12 dogs were treated with coils and ethanol, respectively. The second order portal branches were embolized. Embolization effects of each embolic material on the hepatic vessels and the liver parenchyma were studied angiographically and histologically. PVE with coils achieved immediate occlusion of the embolized vessels in all dogs. Unexpectedly, unembolized vessels were also constricted and/or obstructed in 4 of 5 dogs during a 4-week follow-up period. Histological examination showed no hepatic necrosis in all dogs. By contrast, in the dogs treated with ethanol, venous occlusion was achieved immediately after embolization with ethanol of 0.4 mL/kg or more. The embolized vessels remained occluded and no obstruction of unembolized vessels was observed until 4 weeks after embolization. Hepatic necrosis was observed in the segments where portal veins were occluded. The degree of parenchymal damage was proportional to the injected ethanol dose. Judging from these results, ethanol is likely to be more suitable than coils as an embolic material for PVE. PVE with coils is often dangerous because unembolized vessels might be occluded unexpectedly. For the clinical use of PVE with ethanol, the appropriate dose of injection should be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yamakado
- Department of Radiology, Mie University School of Medicine, Japan
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714
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Uckun FM, Kurosaki T, Jin J, Jun X, Morgan A, Takata M, Bolen J, Luben R. Exposure of B-lineage lymphoid cells to low energy electromagnetic fields stimulates Lyn kinase. J Biol Chem 1995; 270:27666-70. [PMID: 7499232 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.270.46.27666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we present evidence that exposure of B-lineage lymphoid cells to low energy electromagnetic fields (EMF) stimulates the protein tyrosine kinases Lyn and Syk, results in tyrosine phosphorylation of multiple electrophoretically distinct substrates, and leads to downstream activation of protein kinase C (PKC). EMF exposure enhances protein tyrosine phosphorylation in Syk deficient but not in Lyn-deficient B-lineage lymphoid cells and stimulates Lyn kinase activity in wild-type as well as Syk-deficient B-lineage lymphoid cells. These results indicate that activation of Lyn kinase is sufficient and mandatory for EMF-induced tyrosine phosphorylation in B-lineage lymphoid cells. The PKC activity increases later than the Lyn activity and pretreatment with the PTK inhibitors genistein or herbimycin A abrogates the EMF-induced PKC signal. Thus, stimulation of Lyn is a proximal and mandatory step in EMF-induced activation of PKC in B-lineage lymphoid cells. Our observations prompt the hypothesis that a delicate growth regulatory balance might be altered in B-lineage lymphoid cells by EMF-induced activation of Lyn.
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Affiliation(s)
- F M Uckun
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology-Radiation Oncology, University of Minnesota Health Sciences Center, Minneapolis 55455, USA
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715
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Elder CA, Moore M, Chang CT, Jin J, Charnick S, Nedelman J, Cohen A, Guzzo C, Lowe N, Simpson K. Efficacy and pharmacokinetics of two formulations of cyclosporine A in patients with psoriasis. J Clin Pharmacol 1995; 35:865-75. [PMID: 8786246 DOI: 10.1002/j.1552-4604.1995.tb04131.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy and pharmacokinetic profiles of two oral formulations of cyclosporine A (Sandimmune and Neoral; Sandoz Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ) were evaluated in 37 patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis in a randomized, double-blind, modified, crossover study. Cyclosporine A (150 mg twice daily), administered in either formulation, reduced the severity of plaque lesions: 94% of all patients reported at least moderate improvement and 70% reported complete clearing. Approximately 2 weeks of therapy were required for drug exposure to stabilize on either formulation. Cyclosporine A exposure from Neoral was significantly greater relative to that from Sandimmune across all study weeks. At the eighth week (before crossover), AUC and Cmax values for Neoral and Sandimmune were 5618 +/- 1705 versus 3202 +/- 596 ng.h/mL and 1283 +/- 337 versus 623 +/- 173 ng/mL, respectively. In crossover analysis at steady state, the relative oral bioavailability of cyclosporine from the Neoral formulation was 54% greater than that from Sandimmune. Some pharmacokinetic parameters showed less variability both between and within groups of patients taking Neoral versus Sandimmune. Both formulations were well tolerated, in that most adverse events were of mild severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Elder
- Sandoz Pharmaceuticals Corporation, Sandoz Research Institute, East Hanover, NJ 07936-1080, USA
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716
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Abstract
In the course of an investigation of hexosamine catabolism in the human malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, it became apparent that a basic understanding of the relevant enzymatic reactions in the host erythrocyte is lacking. To acquire the necessary basic knowledge, we have determined the activities of several enzymes involved in hexosamine metabolism in normal human red blood cells. In the present communication we report the results of studies of glucosamine 6-phosphate deaminase (GlcN6-P) using a newly developed sensitive radiometric assay. The mean specific activity in extracts of fresh erythrocytes assayed within 4h of collection was 14.7 nmol/h/mg protein, whereas preparations from older erythrocytes that had been stored at 4 degrees C for up to 4 weeks had a mean specific activity of 6.2 nmol/h/mg. Characterization of the deaminase by chromatofocusing gave a pI of 8.55. The enzyme was optimally active at pH 9.0 and had a Km of 41 microM. The metal chelators EDTA and EGTA were non-inhibitory; however, inhibition was observed in the presence of metal ions, especially Cu2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+. In addition, the deaminase was also inhibited by several sugar phosphates including the reaction product, fructose 6-phosphate.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Weidanz
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham 35294-2170, USA
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717
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Jin J, Magin RL, Shen G, Perkins T. A simple method to incorporate the effects of an RF shield into RF resonator analysis for MRI applications. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 1995; 42:840-3. [PMID: 7642198 DOI: 10.1109/10.398645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A simple but effective method is proposed to incorporate the effects of a radio-frequency (RF) shield into the analysis of RF resonators for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) applications. It is shown that the method can predict the resonant frequencies of RF resonators within 5% of the measured values.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 61801, USA
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718
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Jin J, Dharma-wardana MW, Lockwood DJ, Aers GC, Lu ZH, Lewis LJ. Surface structure, lattice dynamics, and Raman spectroscopy of sulphur passivated InP(001). Phys Rev Lett 1995; 75:878-881. [PMID: 10060141 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.75.878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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719
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Dai S, Yu C, Li D, Shen Z, Fang S, Jin J. Phase transition and electron localization in 1T-TaS2. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1995; 52:1578-1583. [PMID: 9981219 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.52.1578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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720
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Uckun FM, Stewart CF, Reaman G, Chelstrom LM, Jin J, Chandan-Langlie M, Waddick KG, White J, Evans WE. In vitro and in vivo activity of topotecan against human B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells. Blood 1995; 85:2817-28. [PMID: 7742543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Topotecan [(S)-9-dimethylaminomethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin hydrochloride; SK&F 104864-A, NSC 609699], a water soluble semisynthetic analogue of the alkaloid camptothecin, is a potent topoisomerase I inhibitor. Here we show that topotecan stabilizes topoisomerase I/DNA cleavable complexes in radiation-resistant human B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells, causes rapid apoptotic cell death despite high-level expression of bcl-2 protein, and inhibits ALL cell in vitro clonogenic growth in a dose-dependent fashion. Furthermore, topotecan elicited potent antileukemic activity in three different severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mouse models of human poor prognosis ALL and markedly improved event-free survival of SCID mice challenged with otherwise fatal doses of human leukemia cells at systemic drug exposure levels that can be easily achieved in children with leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- F M Uckun
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology-Radiation Oncology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA
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721
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Arrale AM, Jin J, Zhao ZY, Weathers DL, McDaniel FD, Matteson S. Z1 oscillations of the mean charge for isotachic ions in carbon foils. Phys Rev A 1995; 51:3355-3357. [PMID: 9911978 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.51.3355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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722
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Abstract
N-Acetyl-D-[2-3H]glucosamine was synthesized from N-acetyl-D-mannosamine by alkaline 2-epimerization in pyridine containing 3H2O and nickelous acetate. The reaction involves reversible formation of an enol intermediate and therefore also resulted in incorporation of tritium into N-acetylmannosamine. After completed reaction, the two N-acetylhexosamines were separated from other radioactive products and Morgan-Elson chromogens by chromatography on a column of Sephadex G-10, which was eluted with 10% ethanol, and were then separated from each other by chromatography on Sephadex G-15 in 0.27 M sodium borate (pH 7.8). The location of the incorporated tritium was established by treatment of the N-acetylhexosamines with borate under the conditions of the Morgan-Elson reaction, which converts the sugars to Kuhn's chromogen I with concomitant loss of the C-2 hydrogen. As expected, this treatment resulted in the formation of 3H2O, indicating that the tritium was located at C-2. [2-3H]Glucosamine was prepared by acid hydrolysis of the labelled N-acetylglucosamine and was converted to [2-3H]glucosamine 6-phosphate by incubation with hexokinase and ATP. The sugar phosphate was used as a substrate for glucosamine 6-phosphate deaminase (isomerase, EC 5.3.1.10) in a simple 3H2O release assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Rodén
- School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham 35294, USA
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723
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Adamzik ID, Jin J, Sachs V, Thomsen H. [Prevention of HLA antibody formation in patients with hemato-oncologic diseases by using leukocyte depleted blood preparations]. Infusionsther Transfusionsmed 1995; 22:9-13. [PMID: 7727966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of transfusion therapy with leukocyte-depleted platelet concentrates in comparison to transfusion support with standard platelet concentrates on the frequency of HLA alloimmunization in hematologic-oncologic patients. DESIGN Prospective randomized study. SETTING Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunohematology at a University Hospital. PATIENTS 52 hematologic-oncologic patients randomized in 2 groups. INTERVENTIONS Exclusive substitution with leukocyte-depleted blood components (platelet concentrates and packed red cells, filter group) or with standard platelet concentrates and leukocyte-depleted packed red cells (control group). Determination of the development of HLA antibodies. RESULTS 27% of the patients in the control group (4 out of 15) developed HLA antibodies in contrast to zero patients (0 out of 22) in the filter group (p < 0.02). CONCLUSIONS The results of this comparative clinical study show that the consequent and exclusive support with leukocyte-depleted blood components is an effective approach for prevention of HLA alloimmunization in long-term substituted patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- I D Adamzik
- Institut für Transfusionsmedizin der Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel
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724
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Adamzik ID, Jin J, Sachs V, Thomsen H. Vermeidung der HLA-Antikörperbildung bei Patienten mit hämato-onkologischen Erkrankungen durch Einsatz leukozytendepletierter Blutpräparate. Transfus Med Hemother 1995. [DOI: 10.1159/000223085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
<i>Ziel: </i>Vergleich der HLA-Immunisierungsfrequenz bei Transfusion von leukozyten-depletierten Thrombozytenkonzentraten im Gegensatz zu Standardthrombozyten-präparaten in der Therapie von hämatologisch-onkologischen Patienten. <i>Design: </i>Prospektive randomisierte Studie. <i>Rahmen: </i>Institut für Transfusionsmedizin und Immunhämatologie einer Universitätsklinik. <i>Patienten: </i>52 hämatologisch-onkologische Patienten, randomisiert in 2 Gruppen. <i>Intervention: </i>Ausschließliche Versorgung mit gefilterten leukozytendepletierten Blutpräparaten (Thrombozyten- und Erythrozytenkonzentrate, Filtergruppe) oder mit Standardthrombozytenkonzentraten und leukozytendepletierten Erythrozytenkonzentraten (Kontrollgruppe). Untersuchung des Auftretens von HLA-Antikörpern. <i>Ergebnisse: </i>27% der Patienten in der Kontrollgruppe (4 von 15) bildeten HLA-Antikörper. Im Gegensatz hierzu waren bei keinem Patienten in der Filtergruppe (0 von 22) HLA-Antikörper nachweisbar (p < 0,02). <i>Schlußfolgerungen: </i>Die Ergebnisse dieser vergleichenden klinischen Studie zeigen, daß der konsequente und ausschließliche Einsatz von leukozytendepletierten Blutpräparaten eine effektive Methode zur Vermeidung der HLA-Immunisierung bei langzeitsubstituierten Patienten ist.
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725
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Jin J, Ohtani O, Nakatani T, Katayama T. Localization of antigenic determinants recognized by a monoclonal antibody in rat epididymal spermatozoa, with particular reference to sperm maturation. Andrologia 1995; 27:47-53. [PMID: 7538736 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0272.1995.tb02095.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
This study localized antigenic determinants recognized by a mouse anti-human sperm monoclonal antibody TüS10 immunocytochemically and immunoelectron microscopically in the rat sperm recovered from the caput and cauda epididymidis. Immunocytochemistry showed that the antibody bound specifically to the plasma membrane overlying the principal piece of membrane-intact sperm from the caput and cauda epididymidis. Demembranation by Triton X-100 significantly decreased the affinity of the monoclonal antibody TüS10 to the caput sperm but did not obviously change that to the cauda sperm. Immunoelectron microscopy with biotin-streptavidin peroxidase complex pre-embedding method confirmed the localization of the antigenic determinants over the cell surface of the principal piece of the membrane-intact spermatozoa from the caput and cauda epididymidis. The demembranated sperm from the caput epididymidis showed no intracellular labelling, while those from the cauda displayed labelling on their external surface of the fibrous sheath. Using monoclonal antibody TüS10 as a probe, we detected different distribution patterns of the antigenic determinants between the spermatozoa in the caput and cauda epididymidis. These results suggest that spermatozoa mature with immunologically detectable changes in the fibrous sheath during their epididymal transit.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jin
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Japan
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726
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Jin J. [Inhibitory effect of taohong siwu decoction on collagen crosslinking, hyaluronic acid cleavaging and lipid peroxidation]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 1994; 19:680-3, 703. [PMID: 7893388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
It has been demonstrated by cytochrome C colorimetry that the Taohong Siwu Decoction (TF) is effective in hydroxyl radical scavenging. TBA colorimetry has proved that TF is effective in inhibiting lipid peroxidation. As detected by viscometry hyaluronic acid cleavage induced by hydroxyl radical can be inhibited by TF. It has been demonstrated by SDS-PAGE method that TF is effective in inhibiting collagen crosslinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jin
- Beijing Heart-lung-blood Vessel Medical Center
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727
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Abstract
A mathematical model is developed for the numerical analysis of birdcage coils constructed using capacitors having different capacitance. With the aid of this model, it is shown that the deviation of some capacitance introduced by tune, balance, and drive mechanisms can cause inhomogeneity in the B1 field produced by the coil. Useful curves and formulae are developed to provide a guideline for the design of birdcage coils.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 61801-2991
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728
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Yang L, Church DA, Tu S, Jin J. Measured lifetimes of selected metastable levels of Arq+ ions (q=2, 3, 9, and 10) stored in an electrostatic ion trap. Phys Rev A 1994; 50:177-185. [PMID: 9910880 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.50.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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729
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Jin J, Church DA. Excited-level lifetimes and hyperfine-structure measurements on ions using collinear laser-ion-beam spectroscopy. Phys Rev A 1994; 49:3463-3471. [PMID: 9910646 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.49.3463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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730
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Abstract
Single isolated photoreceptors can be taken through a visual cycle of light adaptation by bleaching visual pigment, followed by dark adaptation when supplied with 11-cis retinal. Light adaptation after bleaching is manifested by faster response kinetics and a permanent reduction in sensitivity to light flashes, presumed to be due to the presence of bleached visual pigment. The recovery of flash sensitivity during dark adaptation is assumed to be due to regeneration of visual pigment to pre-bleach levels. In previous work, the outer segments of bleached, light-adapted cells were exposed to 11-cis retinal. In the present work, the cell bodies of bleached photoreceptors were exposed. We report a marked difference between rods and cones. Bleached cones recover sensitivity when their cell bodies are exposed to 11-cis retinal. Bleached rods do not. These results imply that retinal can move freely along the cone photoreceptor, but retinal either is not taken up by the rod cell body or retinal cannot move from the rod cell body to the rod outer segment. The free transfer of retinal along cone but not along rod photoreceptors could explain why, during dark adaptation in the retina, cones have access to a store of 11-cis retinal which is not available to rods. Additional experiments investigated the movement of retinal along bleached rod outer segments. The results indicate that retinal can move along the rod outer segment, but that this movement is slow, occurring at about the same rate as the regeneration of visual pigment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jin
- Department of Physiology, Boston University School of Medicine, MA 02118
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731
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Abstract
The effect of light adaptation on the period of photocurrent saturation induced by a bright stimulating flash was examined in rod photoreceptors of the larval-stage tiger salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum). Using suction electrodes, photocurrent responses to brief flashes were recorded from single, isolated rods in the presence and absence of steady background illumination. Background light decreased the saturation period (T) measured at fixed flash intensity (fixed If) and in this respect light-adapted the saturating response. Effects of the background on responses to weak (i.e. subsaturating) and bright flashes were compared with changes in a parameter, phi = e-delta T/TR*, where delta T is the decrease in saturation period, and where TR* is the slope of the line that relates T and ln If in a given state of adaptation. Dark- and light-adapted responses to flash intensities IDf and ILf, respectively, exhibited similar absolute peak photocurrent and falling-phase kinetics when IDf and ILf satisfied the relation, IDf = phi (ILf + IbTR*), where Ib is the background intensity. It is argued that phi approximates the relative PDE*/R* gain of transduction, i.e. the relative peak level of activated cGMP phosphodiesterase (PDE*) produced by a given, small amount of photoactivated visual pigment (R*). Interpreted on this view, the results imply that light adaptation derives largely from a decrease in PDE*/R gain, rather than from the stimulation of guanylate cyclase activity. The data are consistent with the possibility that modulation of the lifetime of PDE* underlies the background dependence of phi.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Pepperberg
- Lions of Illinois Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois, Chicago College of Medicine 60612
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732
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Scherer LJ, Harris DH, White MK, Steel LF, Jin J, Petri WH. Comparative analysis of the sequence and structure of two Drosophila melanogaster genes encoding vitelline membrane proteins. Gene 1993; 136:121-7. [PMID: 8293994 DOI: 10.1016/0378-1119(93)90455-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Two Drosophila melanogaster vitelline membrane protein-encoding genes (VM), located at polytene band positions 26A and 34C, have been cloned and comparatively characterized at the nucleotide level. Sequence analysis of genomic and cDNA clones for the two genes, VM26A.1 and VM34C.1, indicates that both are similarly organized with a central highly conserved domain [Scherer et al., Dev. Biol. 130 (1988) 786-788] which is flanked by unrelated regions, and that both genes lack introns. Comparison of the upstream regions reveals that both VM genes contain a hepatmeric element identical to one associated with the D. melanogaster yolk protein-encoding genes (YP). This heptamer occurs in the specific 5' flanking region responsible for ovarian temporal- and tissue-specific control in both VM and YP genes. A putative chorion transcription factor 2 site is also associated with an upstream control element of VM26A.1, but not with any sequenced portion of VM34C.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Scherer
- Department of Biology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167
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733
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Qiu G, Wu Z, Li S, Ye Q, Jin J. Application of Steffee operation in spinal surgery. Chin Med Sci J 1993; 8:167-171. [PMID: 8142633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Steffee operation is a surgical method of internal fixation for unstable conditions of the spine. Up to March 1991, 32 cases of various spine disorders were treated with the Steffee system in our hospital. These operations brought good results, as 83.4% of the cases received either good or excellent functional and clinical ratings postoperatively. Among patients with spondylolisthesis, the degree of slip correction averaged 58.5% postoperatively. Neurological complications are avoided by accurate localization of the screws.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Qiu
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, CAMS & PUMC, Beijing
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734
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Jin J, Crouch RK, Corson DW, Katz BM, MacNichol EF, Cornwall MC. Noncovalent occupancy of the retinal-binding pocket of opsin diminishes bleaching adaptation of retinal cones. Neuron 1993; 11:513-22. [PMID: 8398144 DOI: 10.1016/0896-6273(93)90155-k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Bright light bleaches visual pigment and leads to a persistent desensitization of isolated rod and cone photoreceptors called bleaching adaptation. Bleaching adaptation results from the combined effects of pigment depletion and adaptational modulation of certain cellular reactions in the visual transduction cascade. Here, we present evidence that in solitary cone photoreceptors isolated from the salamander retina, the latter effect is due to the presence of free opsin in the outer segment. Also, we demonstrate that this "opsin adaptation" can be reversed by treating the cells with synthetic retinoids similar to 11-cis retinal but having polyene chains too short to form protonated Schiff base attachments to opsin.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jin
- Department of Physiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Massachusetts 02118
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735
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Jin J, Lin XJ, Dorner R, Sachs V. A comparative study on the solid phase capture--platelet test, platelet adhesion immunofluorescence test and lymphocytotoxic test. Chin Med J (Engl) 1993; 106:533-7. [PMID: 8243126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The sensitivity, specificity and reproducibility of the solid phase capture-platelet test (CPT) were compared with those of the platelet adhesion immunofluorescence test (PAIFT) and the lymphocytotoxic test (LCT). This study shows that CPT has a higher sensitivity than PAIFT (P < 0.001) and LCT (P < 0.01). The specificity was 86% lower than LCT (100%) (P < 0.01). Both the CPT test and PAIFT were comparable with regard to reproducibility (100%, 92%). The solid phase assay is easier to handle than PAIFT and LCT, allowing identification of HLA as well as of platelet specific antibodies. It is an efficient antibody screening test.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jin
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Medical University, Hangzhou
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736
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Jin J, Church DA. Precision lifetimes for the Ca+ 4p 2P levels: Experiment challenges theory at the 1% level. Phys Rev Lett 1993; 70:3213-3216. [PMID: 10053811 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.70.3213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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737
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Abstract
A method for the separation of N-acetylmannosamine and N-acetylglucosamine is described, which consists of chromatography of the two sugars on a column (30 x 1 cm) of the cation-exchange resin, Dowex 50W-X2, in borate buffer at pH 7.8. N-Acetylmannosamine is eluted near the void volume, while N-acetylglucosamine emerges in a more retarded position. It is postulated that the separation occurs as a result of the combined effects of ion exclusion and gel permeation. Thus, in borate solution, N-acetylmannosamine presumably exists largely as a negatively charged complex and is therefore excluded from the sulfonated polystyrene matrix, while N-acetylglucosamine occurs mainly as the free sugar in the equilibrium mixture and, being a neutral compound, has free access to the porous resin. The proposed mechanism for the separation was supported by the finding that glucose and glucose 6-phosphate could also be separated on a column of the same resin, with water as the eluent.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Rodén
- University of Alabama, Birmingham 35294
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738
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Abstract
DNA fragments from the 5' flanking region of Drosophila melanogaster vitelline membrane gene VM26A1 were fused to hsp/lacZ reporter genes, reintroduced via P-element-mediated germ line transformation, and functionally assayed by histological staining for beta-galactosidase activity. A developmental control element capable of promoting the basic vitelline membrane (VM) expression pattern was found within a 176-bp region. Additional multiple genetic control elements were found to be involved in modifying the level and spatial pattern of reporter gene expression but these required the 176-bp element in order to function. Unexpectedly, in isolation this 176-bp core element also promotes abnormal expression of the reporter gene in border cells of stage 8 and 9 egg chambers. This abnormal border cell expression is apparently suppressed in the native gene by an adjacent negative control element.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jin
- Department of Biology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02167
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739
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Blankson ML, Cliver SP, Goldenberg RL, Hickey CA, Jin J, Dubard MB. Health behavior and outcomes in sequential pregnancies of black and white adolescents. JAMA 1993; 269:1401-3. [PMID: 8441215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the relationships among parity, preterm delivery, fetal growth retardation, and prenatal care utilization in first and second adolescent pregnancies. DESIGN A longitudinal, retrospective study in which obstetric, behavioral, and sociodemographic data were used to examine birth outcomes of 737 low-income black (80%) and white (20%) teenagers delivering first and second singleton infants at 20 or more weeks' gestation. SETTING Public health clinics in Jefferson County, Alabama, between January 1983 and February 1990. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Mean birth weight, preterm delivery, fetal growth retardation, Apgar scores, and perinatal mortality. MAIN RESULTS In their second pregnancies, adolescents presented 2.8 weeks later for care (P = .0001) and made fewer total clinic visits. Mean infant birth weight increased by 91 g (P = .0005). This increase was significantly associated with an increase in maternal prepregnancy body mass index. The rate of fetal growth retardation decreased (P = .0001) and the rate of preterm delivery increased (P < .02) in the second pregnancy. The rate of recurrence of fetal growth retardation was 13% and the rate of preterm delivery was 46%. CONCLUSIONS Poorer utilization of prenatal care and high risk for recurrence of adverse outcomes are characteristic of adolescents' second pregnancies and should be considered in teenage pregnancy intervention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Blankson
- School of Public Health, University of Albama, Birmingham 35294-0008
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740
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Abstract
Several procedures have been used previously for the separation of N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmannosamine, which are based on the difference in strength of the borate complexes of the two N-acetylhexosamines and include paper chromatography on borate-treated paper, paper electrophoresis in borate buffer, and anion-exchange chromatography of the borate complexes. In the present study, we have observed that the two sugars, despite their identical size in noncomplexed form, may also be separated by gel chromatography in borate buffer. Nearly complete resolution was obtained by chromatography on a column (1.5 x 117 cm) of Sephadex G-15, which was eluted at room temperature with 0.27 M sodium borate, pH 7.8 (prepared from H3BO3 by addition of NaOH), at a flow rate of 10 ml/h. This procedure complements existing methods for the separation of N-acetylmannosamine and N-acetylglucosamine and has the advantage that it can be carried out on a relatively large preparative scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Rodén
- Metabolic Diseases Research Laboratory, University of Alabama, Birmingham 35294
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741
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Ai KH, Jin J, Liu H. [Studies on CD spectra of derivatives of shikonin and alkannin]. Yao Xue Xue Bao 1993; 28:282-285. [PMID: 8213171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The circular dichroism (CD) and electronic absorption spectra of seven derivatives of shikonin and alkannin isolated from the roots of Onosma confertum W.W. Smith (from Sichuan) and Arnebia euchroma (Royle) Johust (from Xinjiang) were described. Each pair of CD spectra obtained was exact mirror images and the UV spectra of these compounds were very similar. In comparison with the CD spectra of shikonin given in literature, the configuration of the pigments from Sichuan was assigned R and from Xinjiang were all S.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Ai
- Department of Chemistry and Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu
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742
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Jin J, Church DA. Collinear laser-beam-ion-beam measurement of the mean lifetime of the Ar II 4p' 2F degrees7/2 level. Phys Rev A 1993; 47:132-136. [PMID: 9908903 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.47.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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743
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Yu H, Wang J, Zhou M, Zhang S, Jin J, Liu N. [The effect of 211At labelled monoclonal antibody against gastric cancer on DNA, RNA and protein synthesis in gastric cancer cell]. Hua Xi Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 1992; 23:358-61. [PMID: 1304536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
By means of nuclide precursor incorporation, the effects of 211At labelled monoclonal antibody against gastric cancer (211At-3H11McAb) on DNA, RNA and protein synthesis in gastric cancer cell were studied. The results show that 211At-3H11McAb and Na211At-3 inhibit 3H-TdR, 3H-UR and 3H-Leu incorporation, especially 3H-UR incorporation, into gastric cancer cell at 3.7 x 10(4)Bq and 1.85 x 10(5)Bq; the inhibiting rates depend on concentration. The DNA biosynthesis in gastric cancer cell gradually recover after the drug is removed, suggesting that the drug should exert an inhibiting action on DNA biosynthesis in tumor cell through interference of DNA metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Sichuan University
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744
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Abstract
Using suction electrodes, photocurrent responses to 100-ms saturating flashes were recorded from isolated retinal rods of the larval-stage tiger salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum). The delay period (Tc) that preceded recovery of the dark current by a criterion amount (3 pA) was analyzed in relation to the flash intensity (If), and to the corresponding fractional bleach (R*0/Rtot) of the visual pigment; R*0/Rtot was compared with R*s/Rtot, the fractional bleach at which the peak level of activated transducin approaches saturation. Over an approximately 8 ln unit range of I(f) that included the predicted value of R*s/Rtot, Tc increased linearly with ln I(f). Within the linear range, the slope of the function yielded an apparent exponential time constant (tau c) of 1.7 +/- 0.2 s (mean +/- S.D.). Background light reduced the value of Tc measured at a given flash intensity but preserved a range over which Tc increased linearly with ln I(f); the linear-range slope was similar to that measured in the absence of background light. The intensity dependence of Tc resembles that of a delay (Td) seen in light-scattering experiments on bovine retinas, which describes the period of essentially complete activation of transducin following a bright flash; the slope of the function relating Td and ln flash intensity is thought to reflect the lifetime of photoactivated visual pigment (R*) (Pepperberg et al., 1988; Kahlert et al., 1990). The present data suggest that the electrophysiological delay has a similar basis in the deactivation kinetics of R*, and that tau c represents TR*, the lifetime of R* in the phototransduction process. The results furthermore suggest a preservation of the "dark-adapted" value of TR* within the investigated range of background intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Pepperberg
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago 60612
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Abstract
The vestibulospinal level of vestibular function is commonly neglected in the evaluation of vertiginous patients. We have now developed a new posture equilibrometer. A transducer is placed on the head of the subject being tested. With this meter we can record body swaying, X (left-right) and Y (fore-aft) components of angular displacement, angular velocity, and angular acceleration. A detailed analysis of the data can be made by having patients keep their eyes either open or closed during the Romberg test. The head is turned left or right in this test, while the eyes are opened and closed in the Mann test. The posture equilibrometer has enabled us to evaluate more precisely vestibulospinal function and sensory interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- N C Zhong
- Research Division of Otolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical University, Wuhan, China
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Jin J. [Retrospective study of the causes of death of 461 cases within 3 years due to infection in the hospital]. Zhonghua Hu Li Za Zhi 1990; 25:637-9. [PMID: 2126487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Jin J, Wei QY, Zhuang ZG, Zhong DX, Huang GX. Leiomyosarcoma of the common bile duct. Chin Med J (Engl) 1990; 103:778-80. [PMID: 2123782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Jin
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Medical University, Changsha
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Jin J, Wuang G. [Choledochal cysts type III]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 1990; 70:537-9. [PMID: 1964861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Jin J. [Autoradiograph of 3H-ATP-MgCl, 3H-ATP-Mg2+ and 3H-ATP in cardiac muscle]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 1990; 70:38-40. [PMID: 2157539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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750
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Zhong NC, Jin J. A posture equilibrometer for the diagnosis of vestibular disease. Chin Med J (Engl) 1989; 102:717-21. [PMID: 2517087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the vestibulospinal level of vestibular function is frequently neglected in the evaluation of vertiginous patients, we developed a new posture equilibrometer for recording body swaying X (left-right) and Y (fore-aft) components of angular displacement, velocity, and acceleration with its transducer on the head of the subject. The data from patients undergoing Romberg test with eyes open and closed, Romberg test with head turned left and right and Mann test were analysed. We conclude that the equilibrometry allows one to evaluate precisely the vestibulospinal function and the sensory interaction.
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