451
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Rajaram S, Gupta G, Agarwal S, Goel N, Singh KC. High-risk human papillomavirus, tumor suppressor protein p53 and mitomycin-C in invasive squamous cell carcinoma cervix. Indian J Cancer 2007; 43:156-62. [PMID: 17192686 DOI: 10.4103/0019-509x.29420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical data relating to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and p53 status in cervical cancer has been sparse and confusing. AIM To evaluate high-risk HPV and expression of tumor suppressor protein p53 in squamous cell carcinoma of cervix and to assess response to mitomycin-C in neo-adjuvant chemotherapy. SETTING AND DESIGN Teaching College Hospital; Gynecologic Oncology Unit and Department of Pathology. Prospective, randomized. MATERIALS AND METHODS Expression of p53 protein was assessed, using immunohistochemistry with mouse monoclonal antibody in 30 consecutive patients undergoing radical hysterectomy or admitted for neo-adjuvant chemotherapy. Human papillomavirus DNA (HPV DNA) was assessed using hybrid capture II technology. Patients eligible for chemotherapy were randomized into vincristine, bleomycin and cisplatin (VBP) group and VBP with mitomycin C group. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Chi-square test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation; Mann-Whitney, McNemar and Fischer's exact tests were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS All patients with cancer cervix were positive for high-risk HPV DNA having relative light units/cut off values ranging from 3.4-2389.21 (P value = 0.006). High viral load of high risk HPV DNA was seen in advanced stages (P = 0.05) and an association of viral load with tumor volume was also seen (r = 0.361, P = 0.05). Analysis of p53 protein in cervical carcinoma patient showed expression in 50% of cancer specimens (P value < 0.001). McNemar's and Fischer's exact test showed no change in p53 status post-chemotherapy; however 66% of stage II B patients in VBP-M group became operable. CONCLUSION High-risk HPV was universally present in all cases of cancer cervix and viral load was associated with stage and tumor volume while p53 protein was expressed in 50% of cases suggesting deregulation. More studies using mitomycin-C in cervical cancer treatment protocols are needed.
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452
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Thakur K, Singh G, Agarwal S, Rani L. Meningitis caused by Rhodotorula rubra in an human immunodeficiency virus infected patient. Indian J Med Microbiol 2007; 25:166-8. [PMID: 17582194 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.32730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Rhodotorula spp. are common saprophytes but may be responsible for systemic infections in immunocompromised patients. Meningitis caused by Rhodotorula spp. in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients has been reported only rarely. We present a case of meningitis caused by Rhodotorula rubra in HIV infected patient. The presumptive diagnosis of cryptococcal meningitis was made on the basis of India ink preparation, Gram staining and latex agglutination test (LAT) for cryptococcal antigen. The final diagnosis was confirmed by isolation of Rhodotorula rubra from cerebrospinal fluid on culture. LAT was considered false positive. Amphotericin B and 5-fluorocytosine were administered but the patient succumbed to his illness.
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453
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Deiss D, Wintergerst KA, Steil GM, Cantwell M, Kache S, Agarwal S, Wilson DM, Buckingham B. Insulin-Glukose Algorithmus zur Kontrolle der Hyperglykämie bei pädiatrischen Intensiv-Patienten. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-982479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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454
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Gauba V, Saleh GM, Dua G, Agarwal S, Ell S, Vize C. Radiological classification of anterior skull base anatomy prior to performing medial orbital wall decompression. Orbit 2006; 25:93-6. [PMID: 16754215 DOI: 10.1080/01676830600674627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study a radiological classification, originally described by Keros in 1965, which provides an objective assessment of anterior skull base anatomy relevant in patients undergoing external medial orbital decompression. MATERIALS AND METHODS The classification is based on anatomical landmarks measured via coronal CT-scan. The patients are divided into 3 Keros categories based on their olfactory fossa depth; Keros 1 (1-3 mm), Keros 2 (4-7 mm) and Keros 3 (8-16 mm). A cross-sectional group of 32 consecutive patients on the hospital radiology database with coronal CT scans were classified according to the Keros system. RESULTS All the patients fell into one of the three Keros categories. Anatomical associations of the Keros classification suggest that Keros 1 patients have the least risk of intracranial entry whilst Keros 3 patients carry the greatest risk. CONCLUSION Keros classification provides an objective assessment of anterior skull base anatomy and can therefore guide the surgeon on the superior extent of medial wall bone removal during orbital decompression. This may help improve the safety profile of the procedure.
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455
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Agarwal S, Zaman T, Kumar G, Handa R. A3 Retention rates of DMARDS in patients of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). INDIAN JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s0973-3698(10)60214-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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456
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Sarma PK, Agarwal S, Misra R, Aggarwal A. P18 Serum matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) 1 and 3, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP1), osteoprotegerin (OPG), and RANK-L in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). INDIAN JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s0973-3698(10)60247-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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457
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Meher R, Agarwal S, Singh I. Tuberculous retropharyngeal abscess in an HIV patient. Hong Kong Med J 2006; 12:483-5. [PMID: 17148807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
With the emergence of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the incidence of deep neck space infections and associated life-threatening complications has been on the rise. We describe a case of tubercular retropharyngeal abscess in an HIV-positive patient who developed bilateral parapharyngeal space abscesses and was treated by incision and drainage.
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458
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Mohapatra MK, Patro SS, Jajodia NK, Agarwal S. Osteopoikilosis. THE JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICIANS OF INDIA 2006; 54:939. [PMID: 17334011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
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459
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Agarwal S, Powers JR, Swanson BG, Chen S, Clark S. Cheese pH, Protein Concentration, and Formation of Calcium Lactate Crystals. J Dairy Sci 2006; 89:4144-55. [PMID: 17033000 DOI: 10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(06)72459-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The occurrence of calcium lactate crystals (CLC) in hard cheeses is a continual expense to the cheese industry, as consumers fail to purchase cheeses with this quality defect. This research investigates the effects of the protein concentration of cheese milk and the pH of cheese on the occurrence of CLC. Atomic absorption spectroscopy was used to determine total and soluble calcium concentrations in skim milk (SM1, 8.7% total solids), and skim milk supplemented with nonfat dry milk (CSM1, 13.5% total solids). Calcium, phosphorus, lactic acid, and citrate were determined in cheeses made with skim milk (SM2, 3.14% protein), skim milk supplemented with ultrafiltered milk (CSM2, 6.80% protein), and nonfat dry milk (CSM3, 6.80% protein). Supplementation with nonfat dry milk increased the initial total calcium in CSM1 (210 mg/100 g of milk) by 52% compared with the total calcium in SM1 (138 mg/100 g of milk). At pH 5.4, soluble calcium concentrations in CSM1 were 68% greater than soluble calcium in SM1. In cheeses made from CSM2 and CSM3, total calcium was 26% greater than in cheeses made from SM2. As the pH of cheeses made from SM2 decreased from 5.4 to 5.1, the concentration of soluble calcium increased by 61.6%. In cheeses made from CSM2 and CSM3, the concentrations of soluble calcium increased by 41.4 and 45.5%, respectively. Calcium lactate crystals were observed in cheeses made from SM2 at and below pH 5.1, whereas CLC were observed in cheeses from CSM2 and CSM3 at and below pH 5.3. The increased presence of soluble calcium can potentially cause CLC to occur in cheese manufactured with increased concentrations of milk solids, particularly at and below pH 5.1.
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460
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Parakh R, Kapadia S, Agarwal S, Grover T, Bukhari S, Yadav A, Sen I, Pankaj P. Assessment of total thrombus load in symptomatic patients with venous thromboembolism. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2006; 12:369-72. [PMID: 16959693 DOI: 10.1177/1076029606291408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary embolism (PE) and Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) are separate but related aspects of the same dynamic process termed as venous thrombembolism (VTE). The existing Asian literature has shown a wide variation in the prevalence of VTE, with very limited data from the Indian subcontinent. Between January 2001 and July 2004, 1,552 patients with clinically suspected lower limb DVT underwent a combined ascending radionuclide venogram and lung perfusion scan for assessment of the total thrombus burden. Of 744 patients with radionuclide venography proven DVT, 294 (40%) had a high probability lung scan. Nearly half of these patients were asymptomatic for pulmonary embolism. The high prevalence of PE in patients with DVT suggests the need for evaluation of thrombus load in the venous as well as pulmonary circulation. A combination radionuclide ascending venography with lung perfusion scan is a useful and reliable single test for this purpose.
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461
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Agarwal S. Enuresis, voiding dysfunction and neurogenic bladder in children. Curr Opin Urol 2006; 8:511-5. [PMID: 17039068 DOI: 10.1097/00042307-199811000-00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This review covers bladder dysfunction in children. A significant amount of work has been done in the past year with regard to enuresis. The International Children Continence Society discussed the issues of bladder dysfunction, including enuresis, and this review covers the findings of that meeting. It also covers the articles that have been published on neurogenic bladder dysfunction as well as on posterior urethral valves.
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462
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Madhavan S, Anghelina M, Rath-Deschner B, Wypasek E, John A, Deschner J, Piesco N, Agarwal S. Biomechanical signals exert sustained attenuation of proinflammatory gene induction in articular chondrocytes. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2006; 14:1023-32. [PMID: 16731008 PMCID: PMC4950917 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2006.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2006] [Accepted: 03/28/2006] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Physical therapies are commonly used for limiting joint inflammation. To gain insight into their mechanisms of actions for optimal usage, we examined persistence of mechanical signals generated by cyclic tensile strain (CTS) in chondrocytes, in vitro. We hypothesized that mechanical signals induce anti-inflammatory and anabolic responses that are sustained over extended periods. METHODS Articular chondrocytes obtained from rats were subjected to CTS for various time intervals followed by a period of rest, in the presence of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta). The induction for cyclooxygenase (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, MMP-13 and aggrecan was analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence. RESULTS Exposure of chondrocytes to constant CTS (3% CTS at 0.25 Hz) for 4-24 h blocked more than 90% (P<0.05) of the IL-1beta-induced transcriptional activation of proinflammatory genes, like iNOS, COX-2, MMP-9 and MMP-13, and abrogated inhibition of aggrecan synthesis. CTS exposure for 4, 8, 12, 16, or 20 h followed by a rest for 20, 16, 12, 8 or 4h, respectively, revealed that 8h of CTS optimally blocked (P<0.05) IL-1beta-induced proinflammatory gene induction for ensuing 16 h. However, CTS for 8h was not sufficient to inhibit iNOS expression for ensuing 28 or 40 h. CONCLUSIONS Data suggest that constant application of CTS blocks IL-1beta-induced proinflammatory genes at transcriptional level. The signals generated by CTS are sustained after its removal, and their persistence depends upon the length of CTS exposure. Furthermore, the sustained effects of mechanical signals are also reflected in their ability to induce aggrecan synthesis. These findings, once extrapolated to human chondrocytes, may provide insight in obtaining optimal sustained effects of physical therapies in the management of arthritic joints.
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463
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Arya SC, Agarwal N, Agarwal S. Evaluating broad-spectrum antimicrobials. QJM 2006; 99:718-9. [PMID: 16956924 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcl100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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464
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Verma S, Agarwal S. Ultra-low dose CSE. Anaesthesia 2006; 61:1012-3; author reply 1013. [PMID: 16978326 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.2006.04807_1.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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465
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Deepa R, Mohan V, Premanand C, Rajan VS, Karkuzhali K, Velmurugan K, Agarwal S, Gross MD, Markovitz J. Accelerated platelet activation in Asian Indians with diabetes and coronary artery disease--The Chennai Urban Population Study (CUPS-13). THE JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICIANS OF INDIA 2006; 54:704-8. [PMID: 17212017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess platelet activation in south Indian type 2 diabetic subjects with and without CAD. METHODS Four groups of subjects were studied; Group 1 comprised of non-diabetic subjects without coronary artery disease (CAD) (n = 30). Type 2 diabetic subjects without CAD formed Group 2 (n = 30); Group 3 comprised of type 2 diabetic subjects with CAD (n = 30) and Group 4 consisted of non- diabetic subjects with CAD (n=14). CAD was diagnosed based on coronary angiographic evidence of severe double or triple vessel disease. Platelet activation was tested after an overnight fast in blood obtained from a bleeding wound at 1 minute post-incision (wound-induced activation) as well as venous blood stimulated in vitro with collagen, using whole blood flow cytometry. In subjects with CAD, aspirin was withdrawn for 7 days and nitrates for 24 hours. RESULTS Collagen induced GP IIb/IIIa binding was significantly higher among diabetic subjects with (28.10 +/-19.89; p<0.05) and without CAD (21.02+/-19.62; p<0.05) and non-diabetic subjects with CAD (23.89+/-15.65; p<0.05) compared to non-diabetic subjects without CAD (11.69+/-13.69). Regression analysis showed collagen induced GP IIb/IIIa binding to be significantly associated with CAD [odds ratio (OR): 1.029, p = 0.025] and diabetes (OR: 1.037, p = 0.007). CONCLUSION Increased platelet activation is seen in urban south Indians with diabetes and CAD.
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466
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Chalam KV, Gupta SK, Shah GY, Agarwal S. Successful management of melanocytomaassociated choroidal neovascularization with photodynamic therapy. Eur J Ophthalmol 2006; 16:776-778. [PMID: 28221632 DOI: 10.5301/ejo.2008.3495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report the efficacy of photodynamic therapy in treatment of choroidal neovascular membrane (CNV) associated with melanocytoma of the optic disc. METHODS A middle-aged man with visual acuity of 20/200 in right eye was treated with photodynamic therapy for juxtafoveal classic CNV overlying the papillomacular bundle. CNV was secondary to ocular melanocytoma, a rare event. RESULTS At the 6-month follow-up, a scarred CNV with final visual acuity of 20/30 was noted clinically and angiographically. Tomography revealed high reflective scar tissue with flat macula and microperimetry showed restoration of retinal sensitivity over the papillomacular bundle. CONCLUSIONS Photodynamic therapy effectively resolved CNV that involved papillomacular bundle (secondary to melanocytoma) and restored retinal function in papillomacular bundle.
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467
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Chalam KV, Gupta SK, Shah GY, Agarwal S. Successful management of melanocytoma-associated choroidal neovascularization with photodynamic therapy. Eur J Ophthalmol 2006; 16:776-8. [PMID: 17061238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report the efficacy of photodynamic therapy in treatment of choroidal neovascular membrane (CNV) associated with melanocytoma of the optic disc. METHODS A middle-aged man with visual acuity of 20/200 in right eye was treated with photodynamic therapy for juxtafoveal classic CNV overlying the papillomacular bundle. CNV was secondary to ocular melanocytoma, a rare event. RESULTS At the 6-month follow-up, a scarred CNV with final visual acuity of 20/30 was noted clinically and angiographically. Tomography revealed high reflective scar tissue with flat macula and microperimetry showed restoration of retinal sensitivity over the papillomacular bundle. CONCLUSIONS Photodynamic therapy effectively resolved CNV that involved papillomacular bundle (secondary to melanocytoma) and restored retinal function in papillomacular bundle.
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468
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Madan P, Agarwal S, Kalra O, Tandon O. P36.5 Assessment of cognitive function by P300 event-related potentials in chronic kidney disease. Clin Neurophysiol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2006.06.616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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469
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Strand V, Balbir-Gurman A, Pavelka K, Emery P, Li N, Yin M, Lehane PB, Agarwal S. Sustained benefit in rheumatoid arthritis following one course of rituximab: improvements in physical function over 2 years. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2006; 45:1505-13. [PMID: 17062648 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kel358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the long-term impact on physical function of a single course of rituximab in rheumatoid factor, seropositive patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) despite ongoing methotrexate treatment. METHODS A randomized, controlled trial comparing rituximab alone [1,000 mg intravenously (iv) on days 1 and 15, n= 40], or in combination with cyclophosphamide (750 mg iv on days 3 and 7, n= 41) or oral methotrexate (> or =10 mg/week, n= 40) with placebo + methotrexate (> or =10 mg/week, n= 40), resulted in significant reductions in disease activity at weeks 24 and 48. Sustained improvements in physical function and standard effect sizes (SES) for changes in components of ACR and EULAR criteria were evaluated over 2 yrs. RESULTS More patients receiving rituximab + methotrexate completed a 2-yr follow-up without further treatment than those receiving placebo + methotrexate (45% vs 15%, respectively), rituximab alone (10%) or rituximab + cyclophosphamide (22%). This reflected a higher percentage of patients receiving rituximab + methotrexate reporting improvements in Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index > or = minimum clinically important difference at 1 and 2 yrs (68% and 30%, respectively) compared with placebo + methotrexate (28% and 15%), rituximab monotherapy (43% and 10%) or rituximab + cyclophosphamide (39% and 12%). SES were high in all rituximab groups and revealed differing patterns of response over time. CONCLUSION A single course of rituximab with continuing methotrexate in patients with active RA provided clinically meaningful improvements in physical function over 2 yrs, with lower discontinuation rates and larger SES for improvements in ACR and EULAR criteria components.
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470
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Roy P, Joshi P, Singh S, Agarwal S, Yadav D, Jegannathan C. Biome mapping in India using vegetation type map derived using temporal satellite data and environmental parameters. Ecol Modell 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2006.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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471
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Jambhekar NA, Kulkarni SP, Madur BP, Agarwal S, Rajan MGR. Application of the polymerase chain reaction on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue in the recognition of tuberculous osteomyelitis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 88:1097-101. [PMID: 16877614 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.88b8.17625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A retrospective series of 45 cases of chronic osteomyelitis collected over a period of 14 years was histologically classified into tuberculous osteomyelitis (25) and chronic non-granulomatous osteomyelitis (20). The tuberculous osteomyelitis group was divided into three subgroups: a) typical granulomas (13 cases); b) ill-defined granulomas (seven cases), and c) suspected granulomas (five cases). An in-house polymerase chain reaction amplifying the 245 bp nucleotide sequence, and capable of detecting 10 fg of DNA of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, was used on the DNA extracted from the paraffin blocks. The polymerase chain reaction was positive in 72% of cases (18) of tuberculous osteomyelitis, but when typical cases of tuberculous osteomyelitis with confirmed granulomas were considered (13), this increased to 84.6% (11). The chronic non-granulomatous osteomyelitis group gave positive polymerase chain reaction results in 20% of the cases (4). Our preliminary study on tuberculous osteomyelitis shows that the polymerase chain reaction can be a very useful diagnostic tool, since a good correlation was seen between typical granulomas and polymerase chain reaction with a sensitivity of 84.6% and a specificity of 80%. In addition, our study shows that tuberculous osteomyelitis can be diagnosed in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues in the absence of typical granulomas.
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472
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Agarwal S, Sharma K, Swanson BG, Yüksel GU, Clark S. Nonstarter lactic acid bacteria biofilms and calcium lactate crystals in Cheddar cheese. J Dairy Sci 2006; 89:1452-66. [PMID: 16606716 DOI: 10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(06)72213-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A sanitized cheese plant was swabbed for the presence of nonstarter lactic acid bacteria (NSLAB) biofilms. Swabs were analyzed to determine the sources and microorganisms responsible for contamination. In pilot plant experiments, cheese vats filled with standard cheese milk (lactose:protein = 1.47) and ultrafiltered cheese milk (lactose:protein = 1.23) were inoculated with Lactococcus lactis ssp. cremoris starter culture (8 log cfu/mL) with or without Lactobacillus curvatus or Pediococci acidilactici as adjunct cultures (2 log cfu/mL). Cheddar cheeses were aged at 7.2 or 10 degrees C for 168 d. The raw milk silo, ultrafiltration unit, cheddaring belt, and cheese tower had NSLAB biofilms ranging from 2 to 4 log cfu/100 cm2. The population of Lb. curvatus reached 8 log cfu/g, whereas P. acidilactici reached 7 log cfu/g of experimental Cheddar cheese in 14 d. Higher NSLAB counts were observed in the first 14 d of aging in cheese stored at 10 degrees C compared with that stored at 7.2 degrees C. However, microbial counts decreased more quickly in Cheddar cheeses aged at 10 degrees C compared with 7.2 degrees C after 28 d. In cheeses without specific adjunct cultures (Lb. curvatus or P. acidilactici), calcium lactate crystals were not observed within 168 d. However, crystals were observed after only 56 d in cheeses containing Lb. curvatus, which also had increased concentration of D(-)-lactic acid compared with control cheeses. Our research shows that low levels of contamination with certain NSLAB can result in calcium lactate crystals, regardless of lactose:protein ratio.
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473
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Udipi SA, Karandikar S, Mukherjee R, Agarwal S, Ghugre PS. Variations in fat and fatty acid intakes of adult males from three regions of India. Indian J Public Health 2006; 50:179-86. [PMID: 17191405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Fat and fatty acid intakes of 25 healthy adult urban males from Ghaziabad, U.P.; Goa and Kolkata, W.Bengal, respectively were studied. Fat intakes were estimated using dietary records, food frequency questionnaires and chemical analysis of the diets consumed. Fatty acid intakes were estimated by gas chromatography. Total fat intakes ranged from 26.9 g/day to 163.2g/ day. Percent subjects having intakes above the desirable level were 72% in Kolkata, 36% in Ghaziabad, U.P. and only 10% in Goa. Visible fat constituted more than 60 percent of total fat. In all 3 areas, SFA intakes were higher and MUFA lower than desirable levels. Palmitic acid constituted at least 50% of SFA intakes. In Goa, lauric acid, in Ghaziabad and Kolkata, stearic acid and myristic acid were major dietary SFAs, In Kolkata, erucic acid was 17.3+/-8.3%. Overall 60% of subjects had n-6:n-3 intakes close to the desirable ratio. Linoleic acid constituted almost the entire n-6 intake. Alpha linolenic acid constituted most of the n-3 intakes in Ghaziabad, U.P. and Kolkata. The ratios of SFA:MUFA--PUFA vaned widely and percent subjects with intakes close to the desirable ratios were 12% in Goa, 23% in Ghaziabad and 40% in Kolkata. The data highlights the need for limiting fat intakes and modifying diets to provide fatty acids in desirable ratios.
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474
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Jain M, Agarwal S, Mandal S. Variation in clinical and genitourinary lesions associated with pulmonary hypoplasia in Potter's syndrome--two autopsy reports. INDIAN J PATHOL MICR 2006; 49:416-8. [PMID: 17001905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Potter's syndrome is a rare entity with an incidence of 1 in 2000 to 1 in 5000 live births. All babies born with this condition are either stillborn or die very early within neonatal period. We present two autopsy cases which presented with abnormal facies, oligohydramnios, pulmonary hypoplasia and genitourinary abnormality. One case presented with infantile polycystic kidney whereas in the other case both the kidneys were normal but had adenomatoid tumour of left testis. Both the children died few hours after birth. In both the cases pulmonary hypoplasia was the cause of death rather than genitourinary abnormality.
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475
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Lall A, Agarwal S, Bruce J. Pure esophageal atresia with no gap and associated intra-abdominal calcification. Pediatr Surg Int 2006; 22:610-2. [PMID: 16673129 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-006-1682-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2006] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Pure esophageal atresia (PEA) is characterized by a long gap in between the two pouches. Primary anastomosis is usually not feasible and various techniques have been described in the literature to bridge this gap. We describe a case of PEA where there was no gap externally in between the two pouches and associated intra-abdominal calcification.
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