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Heidt S, Roelen DL, van Kooten C, Eijsink C, Claas F, Mulder A. 124-P: The effects of immunosuppressive drugs on T cell dependent B cell cultures. Hum Immunol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2009.09.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Jin YP, Zhang X, Claas F, Mulder A, Reed EF. 45-OR: The degree of HLA molecular aggregation regulates class I-mediated survival and proliferation signaling in human endothelial cells. Hum Immunol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2007.08.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Heidt S, Roelen D, vanKooten C, Eijsink C, Claas F, Mulder A. 19-OR: The effects of immunosuppressive drugs on in vitro stimulated B cells. Hum Immunol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2007.08.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Spierings E, Drabbels J, Hendriks M, Pool J, Spruyt-Gerritse M, Claas F, Goulmy E. A uniform genomic minor histocompatibility antigen typing methodology and database designed to facilitate clinical applications. PLoS One 2006; 1:e42. [PMID: 17183671 PMCID: PMC1762400 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0000042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2006] [Accepted: 10/09/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Minor Histocompatibility (H) antigen mismatches significantly influence the outcome of HLA-matched allogeneic stem cell transplantation. The molecular identification of human H antigens is increasing rapidly. In parallel, clinical application of minor H antigen typing has gained interest. So far, relevant and simple tools to analyze the minor H antigens in a quick and reliable way are lacking. METHODOLOGY AND FINDINGS We developed a uniform PCR with sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP) for 10 different autosomal minor H antigens and H-Y. This genomic minor H antigen typing methodology allows easy incorporation in the routine HLA typing procedures. DNA from previously typed EBV-LCL was used to validate the methodology. To facilitate easy interpretation for clinical purposes, a minor H database named dbMinor (http://www.lumc.nl/dbminor) was developed. Input of the minor H antigen typing results subsequently provides all relevant information for a given patient/donor pair and additional information on the putative graft-versus-host, graft-versus-tumor and host-versus-graft reactivities. SIGNIFICANCE A simple, uniform and rapid methodology was developed enabling determination of minor H antigen genotypes of all currently identified minor H antigens. A dbMinor database was developed to interpret the genomic typing for its potential clinical relevance. The combination of the minor H antigen genomic typing methodology with the online dbMinor database and applications facilitates the clinical application of minor H antigens anti-tumor targets after stem cell transplantation.
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van der Mast B, van der Lee N, Kleijburg C, Tilburgs T, Roelen D, Claas F, Scherjon S. Minor changes in the systemic immune response during pregnancy: Non-specific-, and specific stimulation with fetal (allo)antigens. J Reprod Immunol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2006.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Zhang X, Jindra PT, Jin Y, Claas F, Mulder A, Reed EF. 40-OR. Hum Immunol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2006.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Jindra PT, Zhang X, Mulder A, Claas F, Veale J, Jin YP, Reed EF. Anti-HLA Antibodies Can Induce Endothelial Cell Survival or Proliferation Depending on their Concentration. Transplantation 2006; 82:S33-5. [PMID: 16829793 DOI: 10.1097/01.tp.0000231447.34240.3c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Patients exhibiting a humoral immune response to the transplanted organ are at increased risk of antibody-mediated rejection and development of transplant vasculopathy. Historically, antibodies were thought to elicit transplant rejection through complement mediated damage of the endothelium of the graft. More recently, studies from our laboratory and others have shown that antibody ligation of class I molecules on the surface of endothelial cells transduces signals resulting in functional changes including expression of cell survival proteins and cell proliferation. The intracellular events initiated by antibody ligation are dependent upon the degree of molecular aggregation and influenced by the concentration of the antibody and level of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) expression. Herein we describe our recent findings on the effect of molecular aggregation on the class I signaling pathway in human endothelial cells.
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Koene G, Mulder A, van der Ven K, Eijsink C, Franke M, Slootweg P, Claas F, Tilanus M. Human monoclonal antibodies as a tool for the detection of HLA class I allele-specific expression loss in head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma and corresponding lymph node metastases. Hum Immunol 2006; 67:692-9. [PMID: 17002899 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2006.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2006] [Accepted: 06/06/2006] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) expression is important for the elimination of tumor cells by the immune system and immunotherapy. Activated T cells directed against tumor-associated antigens are fully capable of recognizing and eradicating neoplastic cells. Therefore, HLA expression loss is considered to be a main factor in tumor development. We report for the first time HLA-A and HLA-B allele-specific expression analysis by immunohistochemical staining of fresh tumor tissue and 9 lymph node metastases of 15 patients with head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma. Heterogeneous HLA expression and HLA expression loss was detected in 13 tumor patients. Approximately 50% of the tumors had allele-specific expression loss, which would have remained undetected using HLA monomorphic and locus-specific antibodies. In the majority of the patients with head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma, HLA allele-specific expression loss differed between primary lesions and metastases. This is important for the efficacy of immunotherapy in these patients. It can be concluded that it is crucial to study HLA expression at the allele-specific level of primary lesions and metastases. It increases and refines our knowledge of HLA expression loss in tumorgenesis, which will improve the development of specific immunotherapy.
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Scherjon S, Sindram A, Roelen D, Claas F, Kanhai H. Decidual leukocytes in human pregnancy associated with intrauterine growth restriction with and without preeclampsia. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2005.10.421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Zhang X, Jindra PT, Jin Y, Claas F, Mulder A, Reed EF. Induction of AKT phosphorylation and FGFR expression in human endothelial cells by anti-HLA antibodies is locus and titer dependent. Hum Immunol 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2005.08.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Doxiadis I, Fijter JD, Haasnoot G, Mallat M, Persijn G, Claas F. Identification of parameters that contribute to a successful kidney retransplantation. Hum Immunol 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2005.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Doxiadis I, Witvliet M, Duquesnoy R, Persijn G, Claas F. The alternative to desensitization of highly sensitized kidney patients is the acceptable mismatch program: Short waiting time, reduced costs, and excellent graft outcome. Hum Immunol 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2005.08.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kushihata F, Watanabe J, Mulder A, Claas F, Scornik JC. Human Leukocyte Antigen Antibodies and Human Complement Activation: Role of IgG Subclass, Specificity, and Cytotoxic Potential. Transplantation 2004; 78:995-1001. [PMID: 15480164 DOI: 10.1097/01.tp.0000136966.63957.e2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibodies are defined as complement (C) fixing and clinically relevant based upon the complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) test. However, the sub-lytic activation of individual C components is of critical biologic significance. The requirements of HLA antibodies to activate human C are not known. METHODS IgG, IgM, IgG subclasses, and human C3b deposition upon T cells were evaluated by flow cytometry with sera from HLA-sensitized patients and human monoclonal HLA antibodies. RESULTS Comparative studies showed that there was poor correlation between the amount of IgG on target cells and their ability to produce CDC. Human C3b deposition was influenced more by the particular serum/cell combination under study than by the amount of IgG, with some combinations showing high IgG and low C3b and others showing low IgG and high C3b. IgG1 was the predominant IgG subclass in all patients. The other subclasses were low or undetectable and did not correlate with C3b deposition. Human monoclonal HLA antibodies, mostly IgG1, did not activate human C efficiently despite high IgG binding. However, combinations of two monoclonal antibodies to different epitopes of the same antigen did produce significant C3b deposition. CONCLUSIONS Contrary to common assumptions, CDC, IgG binding, and IgG subclass are poor predictors of human C activation by HLA antibodies. The mix of specificities in a given serum and the antigens of a particular target cell appear to determine the efficiency of C activation. Measuring both antibody and C3b deposition (or other C component) may improve the assessment of donor-recipient compatibility.
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Abstract
The principle that the induction of (mixed) hematopoietic chimerism can lead to transplantation tolerance to another organ from the same donor has been verified in rodents, in large animals including non-human primates and recently in a selected group of renal transplant recipients. The wide application of this tool depends on the development of more gentle, non-toxic induction protocols and reliable assays with which to detect the establishment of stable donor-specific tolerance.
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Mayer K, Birnbaum F, Reinhard T, Reis A, Braunstein S, Claas F, Sundmacher R. FTY720 prolongs clear corneal allograft survival with a differential effect on different lymphocyte populations. Br J Ophthalmol 2004; 88:915-9. [PMID: 15205237 PMCID: PMC1772210 DOI: 10.1136/bjo.2003.034017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND FTY720 is a potent immunomodulator with unique effects on lymphocyte homing and has recently proved to be safe and effective in renal transplantation in man. The authors investigated the potency of FTY720 in inhibiting allograft rejection in the rat model of orthotopic allogeneic penetrating keratoplasty. METHODS Penetrating keratoplasties were performed using Fisher rats as donors and Lewis rats as recipients or donors: group 1 (n = 10), allogeneic control; group 2 (n = 10), Lewis/Lewis syngeneic control; group 3 (n = 9), mycophenolate mofetile (MMF) 40 mg/kg; group 4 (n = 10), FTY720 1.2 mg/kg; group 5 (n = 8), FTY720 0.3 mg/kg. Four animals from each group were sacrificed for immunohistological evaluation on day 14. Medication in the therapy groups was given for 18 days. RESULTS The mean (SD) rejection free graft survival time was 11.3 (0.8) days for the allogeneic control (group 1), 24.6 (2.5) days for group 3 (MMF), 44.5 (5.7) days for group 4 (FTY720 1.2 mg/kg), and 35.3 (5.7) days for group 5 (FTY720 0.3 mg/kg) (p<0.05). The allogeneic control showed a dense infiltration with CD4+, CD8+, CD161+ (NK-cells), CD25+ (IL2 receptor), and macrophages. In the therapy groups the density of infiltrating CD4+, CD8+, CD161+ (NK-cells), and CD25+ (IL2 receptor) cells was notably reduced compared with the allogeneic control (p<0.05). In group 5 however, the reduction of infiltration by CD4+ cells was higher than the reduction of infiltration by CD8+ (p<0.05) and CD161+ (NK) cells. DISCUSSION Oral immunosuppression with FTY720 significantly prolongs corneal allograft survival in this transplant model. The results suggest that FTY720 has a different effect on certain lymphocyte populations. CD4+ cells seem to be more affected than CD8+ cells and NK-cells.
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Baan C, Peeters A, Lemos F, Uitterlinden A, Doxiadis I, Claas F, Ijzermans J, Roodnat J, Weimar W. Fundamental role for HO-1 in the self-protection of renal allografts. Am J Transplant 2004; 4:811-8. [PMID: 15084179 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2004.00420.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Tissue attenuates to injury by the effects of heme oxygenase (HO)-1. The induction of HO-1 expression is modulated by a (GT)(n) dinucleotide polymorphism in the promoter of the gene, of which increased activity is associated with short (S) (<or=27) repeats. We investigated the influence of this HO-1 gene polymorphism on renal transplant survival. DNA from 387 recipients and 384 donors was genotyped and we divided the HO-1 alleles into two subclasses, the S (<or=27 repeats) class and long (L) class (>27 repeats). Graft survival was associated with donor and not with recipient HO-1 gene polymorphism (log rank p = 0.005; hazard ratio 0.51, 95% CI 0.32-0.83). The beneficial effect of the donor HO-1 genotype was observed in grafts exposed to prolonged cold ischemia time and acute rejection. Patients who received a kidney from L-homozygotes lost their graft significantly more often to chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN) than carriers of S-alleles (p = 0.015). Multivariate analysis showed reduced risk for graft failure in kidneys with S-alleles in comparison to L-homozygotes (odds ratio 0.50, 95% CI 0.27-0.93, p = 0.03). Kidneys that are carriers of HO-1 S-allele are less vulnerable to tissue injury resulting in less CAN and better graft survival.
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Böhringer D, Reinhard T, Duquesnoy RJ, Böhringer S, Enczmann J, Lange P, Claas F, Sundmacher R. Beneficial effect of matching at the HLA-A and -B amino-acid triplet level on rejection-free clear graft survival in penetrating keratoplasty. Transplantation 2004; 77:417-21. [PMID: 14966417 DOI: 10.1097/01.tp.0000110415.10401.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The beneficial effect of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matching on long-term prognosis in penetrating keratoplasty is now unequivocal but has to be weighed against the additional waiting period on an individual basis. HLAMatchmaker is a molecularly based algorithm for histocompatibility determination that can identify immunologically acceptable mismatches and thus potentially reduce time on the waiting list dramatically without negatively affecting prognosis. METHODS The HLAMatchmaker algorithm (triplet-string matching) was applied on each of 545 normal-risk keratoplasties for which complete HLA type was known at split-level resolution. Two homogeneous groups were defined. Group I consisted of the 147 penetrating keratoplasties with up to 13 triplet-string mismatches (the typical upper limit of foreign in case of a single HLA-A or HLA-B allele mismatch) and was compared to the remaining 398 patients with more triplet mismatches (group II) using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank statistics. Analysis of clear graft survival on the basis of conventional HLA-A and HLA-B matching was performed as well. Reduction of time on the waiting list as compared to conventional HLA-A and HLA-B matching was predicted individually. RESULTS Triplet-string matching yielded 85% rejection-free clear graft survival 3 years after penetrating keratoplasty in group I but only 76% in group II (P<0.05), whereas conventional HLA-A and HLA-B matching did not result in any statistically significant reduction of immune reactions because of lack of statistical power (P=0.08). Triplet-string matching (13 mismatches accepted) reduces median time on the waiting list by 80%. CONCLUSIONS Triplet-string matching seems to improve mid- to long-term prognosis in penetrating keratoplasties while simultaneously reducing time on the waiting list in most cases. It should thus be considered for histocompatibility determination in penetrating keratoplasty.
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Sindram-Trujillo A, Scherjon S, Kanhai H, Roelen D, Claas F. Increased T-cell activation in decidua parietalis compared to decidua basalis in uncomplicated human term pregnancy. Am J Reprod Immunol 2003; 49:261-8. [PMID: 12854730 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0897.2003.00041.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM The aim of this study was to quantify and compare activated T cells in term decidua basalis and parietalis using flow cytometry. METHOD OF STUDY Term decidua basalis and parietalis samples were obtained from 20 placentas collected after elective caesarean section. Percentages of leukocyte subclasses within the CD45+ cell fraction and activated T cells were determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS There was no significant difference in CD45+, CD14+, CD19+, and CD3+ cell percentages. However, within the CD3+ population, there were significantly more T-cell receptor-gamma(delta)+ (TCR-gamma(delta)-) and CD8+ cells in decidua parietalis compared with decidua basalis. More importantly, percentages of T cells expressing CD25, human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR, CD45RO, and CD69 markers were significantly increased in decidua parietalis. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that there are more activated T cells in decidua parietalis than in decidua basalis. Further investigation into differences between the two decidual sites may expand our understanding of the immunology of the maternal-fetal interface.
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van Rood JJ, Loberiza FR, Zhang MJ, Oudshoorn M, Claas F, Cairo MS, Champlin RE, Gale RP, Ringdén O, Hows JM, Horowitz MH. Effect of tolerance to noninherited maternal antigens on the occurrence of graft-versus-host disease after bone marrow transplantation from a parent or an HLA-haploidentical sibling. Blood 2002; 99:1572-7. [PMID: 11861270 DOI: 10.1182/blood.v99.5.1572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In haploidentical transplantation, the mismatched haplotype of the donor can originate from either of the parents. We refer to such mismatched haplotypes as noninherited maternal antigens (NIMA haplotype) or noninherited paternal antigens (NIPA haplotype). To determine whether exposure to maternal HLA antigens benefits patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation, we analyzed graft failure and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after transplantations from parental or haploidentical sibling donors. We studied 269 patients receiving 1 or 2 HLA-A, -B, -DR antigen-mismatched sibling or parental non-T-cell-depleted bone marrow transplants for acute myelogenous leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, or chronic myelogenous leukemia between 1985 and 1997 that were reported to the International Bone Marrow Transplant Registry. Included were 121 (45%) NIMA-mismatched and 148 (55%) NIPA-mismatched transplantations. Sixty-three (52%) of the NIMA-mismatched transplants and 69 (47%) of the NIPA-mismatched transplants were from haploidentical sibling donors. Sibling transplantations mismatched for NIMA had similar rates of graft failure but lower rates of acute GVHD (P <.02) than NIPA-mismatched sibling transplantations. In the first 4 months after transplantation, mother-to-child transplantations involved significantly less chronic GVHD than father-to-child transplantations (P <.02). Treatment-related mortality (TRM) was significantly higher after parental transplantations (P =.009 for mother; P =.03 for father) than after haploidentical sibling transplantations mismatched for the NIMA. Non-T-cell-depleted bone marrow transplants donated by haploidentical siblings to recipients mismatched for NIPA and transplants donated by parents caused more acute and chronic GVHD and TRM than transplants donated by haploidentical siblings mismatched for NIMA.
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Radder C, Haan De M, Meer E, Roelen D, Claas F, Brand A, Kanhai H. 67 Clinical and immunological follow uo of infants born after platelet transfusions and transplacental immunoglobulin treatment. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9378(01)80102-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Loonen L, Vaessen L, Balk A, Groeneveld K, Mochtar B, Jutte N, Claas F, Weimar W. Long-term survival of heart grafts in the presence of donor-specific cytotoxic T-cell precursors (CTLp) in the peripheral blood. Transpl Int 2001; 7 Suppl 1:S596-8. [PMID: 11271317 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-2277.1994.tb01452.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To monitor their immunological status we determined donor and third-party-specific cytotoxic T-cell precursor frequencies (CTLpf) in the peripheral blood of 15 heart transplant recipients. PBL samples were obtained at different time points before and after transplantation. Donor-specific CTLpf and third-party-specific CTLpf were within the same range for all samples (1-1489/10(6) cells). The donor-specific CTLpf were not different between patients who had never had an acute rejection (AR) and patients who had an acute rejection as diagnosed by endomyocardial biopsy (EMB). No difference was observed between donor-specific CTLpf of samples taken on the day of transplantation and those obtained between 3 months and 3 years after transplantation. There was also no relationship between the donor-specific CTLpf in the PBL and the culturing success of lymphocytes from EMB taken at the same time. CTLpf were in the same range both when cultures could be propagated from the graft and when no cells grew out. We conclude that long-term graft survival is possible in the presence of CTLpf in peripheral blood.
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van Rood JJ, Claas F. Noninherited maternal HLA antigens: a proposal to elucidate their role in the immune response. Hum Immunol 2000; 61:1390-4. [PMID: 11163097 DOI: 10.1016/s0198-8859(00)00211-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In the last 10 years there has been renewed interest in the possible impact of the noninherited maternal HLA antigens (NIMA) on the immune response. This interest is only surpassed by an even stronger scepticism that the effect really exists and is clinically relevant. In this presentation we will summarize the published and some unpublished data supporting the existence of the NIMA effect and formulate the questions, which are relevant for understanding the mechanisms by which NIMA could influence the immune response. Three different approaches that could give us an insight of the cellular and molecular basis of the NIMA effect (if it exist) will be proposed.
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van Rood JJ, Claas F. Both self and non-inherited maternal HLA antigens influence the immune response. IMMUNOLOGY TODAY 2000; 21:269-73. [PMID: 10825738 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-5699(00)01628-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that exposure of the fetus and newborn to non-inherited maternal major histocompatibility complex HLA antigens (NIMA) has a life-long effect on allograft recognition that could influence tolerance of organ grafts. NIMA also appear to influence disease susceptibility. Here, Jon van Rood and Frans Claas discuss evidence that three HLA haplotypes, those inherited from the parents plus NIMA, shape the immune response.
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Otting N, Doxiadis GG, Versluis L, de Groot NG, Anholts J, Verduin W, Rozemuller E, Claas F, Tilanus MG, Bontrop RE. Characterization and distribution of Mhc-DPB1 alleles in chimpanzee and rhesus macaque populations. Hum Immunol 1998; 59:656-64. [PMID: 9757948 DOI: 10.1016/s0198-8859(98)00070-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Allelic diversity at the nonhuman primate Mhc-DPB1 locus was studied by determining exon 2 nucleotide sequences. This resulted in the detection of 17 chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), 2 orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) and 16 rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) alleles. These were compiled with primate Mhc-DPB1 nucleotide sequences that were published previously. Based upon the results, a sequence specific oligotyping method was developed allowing us to investigate the distribution of Mhc-DPB1 alleles in distinct chimpanzee and rhesus macaque colonies. Like found in humans, chimpanzee and rhesus macaque populations originating from different geographic backgrounds appear to be characterized by the presence of a few dominant Mhc-DPB1 alleles.
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Bishara A, Sherman L, Brautbar C, Claas F, Friedlander M, Rubinger D, Berlatzky Y, Papo O, Eid A. Pretransplant crossmatching: an individualized process. Transplant Proc 1997; 29:2708-10. [PMID: 9290799 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(97)00565-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Mulder A, Kardol M, Regan J, Buelow R, Claas F. Reactivity of twenty-two cytotoxic human monoclonal HLA antibodies towards soluble HLA class I in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (PRA-STAT). Hum Immunol 1997; 56:106-13. [PMID: 9455499 DOI: 10.1016/s0198-8859(97)00146-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
An ELISA, PRA-STAT was recently introduced for the detection of HLA class I specific antibodies of IgG isotype in patients' sera. We studied the antigenicity of the soluble HLA (sHLA) preparations that are used in this ELISA as the detection matrix, with the aid of a panel of complement binding human HLA monoclonal antibodies (HuMAbs). A total of 22 HuMAbs, including both IgG and IgM were used. CDC and PRA-STAT ELISA were in complete agreement on 9 of the mAbs tested, with 16 HLA-A and 16 HLA-B locus antigens or their splits identified identically on CDC and PRA-STAT. In 7 of the remaining 13 HuMAbs, there was a difference of one antigen in the specificity pattern of the two techniques three times a specificity call not made by CDC, and four times a call not made by PRA-STAT. For the remaining 6 HuMAbs the differences involve 2 antigens (4 HuMAbs), and 3 or 4 antigens (1 HuMAb each). This study shows the validity of PRA-STAT for detection of HLA-class I antibodies, irrespective of isotype, in serum. The immunological integrity of the sHLA preparations used in PRA-STAT is also confirmed, albeit with some slight discrepancies in antibody specificity seen between PRA-STAT and CDC.
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Mulder A, Kardol M, Koelman C, Koopman L, Brouwenstijn N, Uit het Broek C, Doxiadis I, Bruning J, Burlingham W, Claas F. Diverse application of human monocional HLA-antibodies originally defined by cytotoxicity. Immunol Lett 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0165-2478(97)86513-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Koelman C, Mulder A, Jutte N, Balk A, Weimar W, Doxiadis I, Claas F. The application of human monoclonal antibodies for monitoring donor derived soluble HLA in the serum of heart transplant recipients. Immunol Lett 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0165-2478(97)85597-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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79
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Hoekstra F, Witvliet M, Knoop C, Akkersdijk G, Jutte N, Bogers A, Claas F, Weimar W. Donor-specific anti-human leukocyte antigen class I antibodies after implantation of cardiac valve allografts. J Heart Lung Transplant 1997; 16:570-2. [PMID: 9171278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The allospecific humoral immune response was examined in 31 patients in the first year after implantation of cryopreserved human cardiac valves. We determined the percentage antibodies against human leucocyte antigens (HLA) class I in a complement-dependent microlymphocytotoxicity test against a panel of 50 selected donors carrying most of the defined HLA-A and HLA-B specificities (panel-reactive antibodies). In blood samples taken immediately before implantation, no antibodies could be detected. Thereafter, antibodies were present in 23 of 31 (74%) patients (median panel-reactive antibodies: 57%, range 9% to 91%). In 21 patients the HLA-type of the valve donor was available. In four patients no blood samples taken after 4 weeks were available. In 14 of 17 patients (82%) with a follow-up of more than 1 month antibodies were present, and in 12 of these 14 (86%) antibodies were specifically directed against HLA class I of the donor. In conclusion, the formation of donor-specific antibodies is frequently observed after human cardiac valve replacement. It could be one of the factors leading to valve destruction and dysfunction.
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80
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Buelow R, Chiang TR, Monteiro F, Cornejo MC, Ellingson L, Claas F, Gaber O, Gelder F, Kotb M, Orosz C. Soluble HLA antigens and ELISA--a new technology for crossmatch testing. Transplantation 1996. [PMID: 8545896 DOI: 10.1016/0198-8859(94)91782-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A soluble HLA ELISA for the detection of donor specific anti-HLA class I IgG antibodies was developed and compared with microlymphocytotoxicity. Donor sHLA was prepared from donor blood or purified blood lymphocytes and captured onto monoclonal antibody coated ELISA plates. After incubation of captured HLA with test serum, bound IgG antibodies were detected using a peroxidase-conjugated anti-human IgG antibody. Serum samples from patients on waiting lists to receive kidney transplants were tested by lymphocytotoxicity (AHG protocol) and/or sHLA ELISA in four different laboratories using HLA preparations from eight organ donors. Concordant crossmatch results were obtained for 854 (99%) of 864 ELISA crossmatches. In contrast, concordant results were obtained for 234 (91%) of 256 lymphocytotoxicity crossmatches. Interlaboratory reproducibility of ELISA results was 99%. In contrast, interlaboratory reproducibility of lymphocytotoxicity assay results was 78%. Endpoint titrations of serum specimens containing anti-HLA antibodies demonstrated equivalent sensitivity of ELISA and AHG lymphocytotoxicity crossmatch and similar sensitivity of ELISA and flow cytometry crossmatch. Specimens tested positive by lymphocytotoxicity without DTT treatment but negative with DTT treatment were tested negative by ELISA. Comparison of lymphocytotoxicity and ELISA crossmatch results showed an agreement of 94%. This demonstrates that detection of anti-donor HLA class I antibodies by ELISA is a reliable alternative to microlymphocytotoxicity testing.
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81
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Buelow R, Chiang TR, Monteiro F, Cornejo MC, Ellingson L, Claas F, Gaber O, Gelder F, Kotb M, Orosz C. Soluble HLA antigens and ELISA--a new technology for crossmatch testing. Transplantation 1995; 60:1594-9. [PMID: 8545896 DOI: 10.1097/00007890-199560120-00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A soluble HLA ELISA for the detection of donor specific anti-HLA class I IgG antibodies was developed and compared with microlymphocytotoxicity. Donor sHLA was prepared from donor blood or purified blood lymphocytes and captured onto monoclonal antibody coated ELISA plates. After incubation of captured HLA with test serum, bound IgG antibodies were detected using a peroxidase-conjugated anti-human IgG antibody. Serum samples from patients on waiting lists to receive kidney transplants were tested by lymphocytotoxicity (AHG protocol) and/or sHLA ELISA in four different laboratories using HLA preparations from eight organ donors. Concordant crossmatch results were obtained for 854 (99%) of 864 ELISA crossmatches. In contrast, concordant results were obtained for 234 (91%) of 256 lymphocytotoxicity crossmatches. Interlaboratory reproducibility of ELISA results was 99%. In contrast, interlaboratory reproducibility of lymphocytotoxicity assay results was 78%. Endpoint titrations of serum specimens containing anti-HLA antibodies demonstrated equivalent sensitivity of ELISA and AHG lymphocytotoxicity crossmatch and similar sensitivity of ELISA and flow cytometry crossmatch. Specimens tested positive by lymphocytotoxicity without DTT treatment but negative with DTT treatment were tested negative by ELISA. Comparison of lymphocytotoxicity and ELISA crossmatch results showed an agreement of 94%. This demonstrates that detection of anti-donor HLA class I antibodies by ELISA is a reliable alternative to microlymphocytotoxicity testing.
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82
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Slierendregt BL, Hall M, 't Hart B, Otting N, Anholts J, Verduin W, Claas F, Jonker M, Lanchbury JS, Bontrop RE. Identification of an Mhc-DPB1 allele involved in susceptibility to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in rhesus macaques. Int Immunol 1995; 7:1671-9. [PMID: 8562513 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/7.10.1671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an inducible autoimmune disorder that in rodents is known to be influenced by genetic background, specifically the Mhc class II region. Immunization of a group of outbred rhesus macaques with bovine high homogenate results in induction of the disease in approximately 65% of the animals. No clear association between the Mamu-DR or -DQ subregion of the rhesus macaque MHC (MhcMamu) and susceptibility or resistance to the disease has been documented. In this communication we describe a CD4+ Th cell line, isolated from an animal diagnosed with EAE, which proliferated in response to purified bovine myelin basic protein (MBP), a major constituent of the myelin sheath surrounding nerve cells. More specifically it only recognized a peptide including residues 61-82 of the molecule. Analysis of the T cell receptor (Tcr) usage of this MBP reactive T cell line showed functional transcripts for only two members of the V alpha 1 and one of each of the V beta 3 and V beta 6 families. The antigen-specific proliferative response was inhibited by a mAb reactive with MHC-DP molecules. Molecular analysis of the Mamu-DP region, in concert with allogeneic antigen presentation studies, demonstrated that the Mamu-DPB1*01 gene product functions as the restriction element for MBP peptide presentation. Retrospective analyses showed that this particular allele is frequently found in the group of EAE susceptible animals but is absent in the resistant animals (P < 0.01). As a consequence, the Mamu-DPB1*01 allele may represent one of the risk factors involved in determining susceptibility to EAE in an outbred population of rhesus macaques.
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83
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Buelow R, Mercier I, Glanville L, Regan J, Ellingson L, Janda G, Claas F, Colombe B, Gelder F, Grosse-Wilde H. Detection of panel-reactive anti-HLA class I antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or lymphocytotoxicity. Results of a blinded, controlled multicenter study. Hum Immunol 1995; 44:1-11. [PMID: 8522449 DOI: 10.1016/0198-8859(95)00057-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A soluble HLA ELISA for the detection of anti-HLA class I IgG antibodies was developed and compared to complement-dependent microlymphocytotoxicity. ELISA plates were coated with a panel of sHLA class I antigens isolated from the culture supernatants of 46 different EBV-transformed phenotyped B-cell lines. After the incubation of the coated plates with test serum, bound antibodies were detected using a peroxidase-conjugated anti-human IgG antibody. Absorbance was read using an ELISA plate reader and assay results were analyzed by computer. Antibody specificities were determined by Fisher's exact test tail analysis. The reproducibility of ELISA assay results was evaluated in a blinded, controlled multicenter study. A total of 102 serum specimens from patients on waiting lists to receive kidney transplants were tested five times by ELISA in five different laboratories. The correlation coefficients (r) of %PRA values determined by ELISA ranged from 0.89 to 0.96, and the average agreement on qualitative assay results (antibody positive vs antibody negative) was 98%. Endpoint titration of several serum specimens demonstrated equivalent sensitivity of ELISA and microlymphocytotoxicity (using the anti-globulin antibody protocol). Most of the antibody specificities determined by ELISA were in agreement with specificities determined by microlymphocytotoxicity. To evaluate the correlation of ELISA and microlymphocytotoxicity (CDC) assay results the same 102 specimens were tested six times by CDC in five different laboratories. The interlaboratory correlation coefficient (r) of %PRA values determined by microlymphocytotoxicity ranged from 0.57 to 0.94, and the average agreement on qualitative assay results was 85%. A comparison of ELISA with microlymphocytotoxicity was performed using consensus microlymphocytotoxicity results. This showed a high correlation (r = 0.81) of %PRA values determined by ELISA and microlymphocytotoxicity. This demonstrates that the detection of anti-HLA class I antibodies by soluble HLA ELISA is a reliable alternative to microlymphocytotoxicity testing.
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84
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van der Mast B, Hornstra N, Ruigrok M, Claas F, van Rood J, Lagaaij E. CD8+ T-cells inhibit donor-anti-host reactivity after pre-transplant blood transfusions. Hum Immunol 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0198-8859(94)90151-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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85
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van Twuyver E, de Hoop J, ten Berge R, Wilmink J, Lems S, Slooff M, Claas F, de Waal L. Comparison of T cell responses in patients with a long-term surviving kidney versus liver allograft. Hum Immunol 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0198-8859(94)91760-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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86
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Yard B, Spruyt-Gerritse M, Claas F, Thorogood J, Bruijn JA, Paape ME, Stein SY, van Es LA, van Bockel JH, Kooymans-Coutinho M. The clinical significance of allospecific antibodies against endothelial cells detected with an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity assay for vascular rejection and graft loss after renal transplantation. Transplantation 1993; 55:1287-93. [PMID: 8516815 DOI: 10.1097/00007890-199306000-00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Serum samples of 64 consecutive patients who underwent renal transplantation in our institution were examined for the presence of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity against endothelial cells (EC). From each patient serum samples were obtained immediately before transplantation and 1 week, 1 month and 1 year thereafter. The results were evaluated in the context of tests to measure donor-specific humoral immunity against lymphocytes and monocytes, and related to parameters of presensitization, graft survival, and histology. Sera from 10 patients were positive for ADCC on a panel of HLA-typed endothelial cells. In 8 patients sera were already positive before transplantation and remained positive thereafter. In 4 patients a positive crossmatch with donor T and B cells and monocytes could be observed after transplantation. In only one patient were these crossmatches positive before transplantation. A significant correlation was found between ADCC positivity and vascular rejection (P = 0.015); in addition graft survival was significantly better in the ADCC negative group vs. the positive group (P = 0.0004). These data demonstrate the significance of allospecific anti EC antibodies for the occurrence of vascular rejection and graft loss after renal transplantation.
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87
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Jutte N, Heyse P, van Batenburg M, Vaessen L, Mochtar B, Balk A, Claas F, Weimar W. Lysis of endothelial cells by graft-infiltrating lymphocytes after clinical heart transplantation. Transplant Proc 1993; 25:100-1. [PMID: 8438239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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88
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Roelen D, van Bree S, Schanz U, van Beelen E, van Rood J, Claas F. Quantitative and qualitative differences between CTLP against HLA-A antigens and CTLP against HLA-B antigens. Hum Immunol 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0198-8859(93)90094-h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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89
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Jaunkalns R, Shear NH, Sokoluk B, Gardner D, Claas F, Uetrecht JP. Antimyeloperoxidase antibodies and adverse reactions to clozapine. Lancet 1992; 339:1611-2. [PMID: 1351582 DOI: 10.1016/0140-6736(92)91877-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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90
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Roelen D, Datema G, van Bree S, Zhang L, van Rood J, Claas F. Evidence that antibody formation against a certain HLA alloantigen is associated not with a quantitative but with a qualitative change in the cytotoxic T cells recognizing the same antigen. Transplantation 1992; 53:899-903. [PMID: 1566356 DOI: 10.1097/00007890-199204000-00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies in highly sensitized patients waiting for a renal transplant, showed a lack of correlation between the B cell and T cell allorepertoire. The cytotoxic T cell precursor (CTLp) frequencies against HLA-antigens, toward which patients had formed antibodies (not-acceptable mismatches, NAM) were similar to those against HLA antigens, toward which no antibodies were present (acceptable mismatches, AM). In the present study we have tested whether the immunological triggering leading to antibody formation might have resulted in a different population of cytotoxic T cells. Limiting dilution assays performed in the absence or presence of antibodies against CD8 showed that CTL directed against NAM were significantly less inhibited by anti-CD8 compared to AM. A possible clinical relevance of these findings is suggested by experiments showing that the CTL against NAM were also more resistant to cyclosporine than CTL against AM.
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91
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Ouwehand A, Vaessen L, Baan C, Jutte N, Bos E, Claas F, Weimar W. Dynamics and alloreactivity of graft infiltrating lymphocytes cultured from endomyocardial biopsies following heart transplantation. Transplant Proc 1990; 22:1836-7. [PMID: 2389455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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92
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Claas F, Castelli-Visser R, Schreuder I, van Rood J. Allo-antibodies to an antigenic determinant shared by HLA-A2 and B17. TISSUE ANTIGENS 1982; 19:388-91. [PMID: 6180520 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.1982.tb01465.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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