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Srivastava S, Andersen A, Lulu B, Cheng C, Das I. SU-E-T-366: Estimation of Whole Body Dose From Cranial Irradiation From C and Perfexion Series Gamma Knife Units. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4924727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Das I, Andersen A, Coutinho L. SU-E-T-577: Obliquity Factor and Surface Dose in Proton Beam Therapy. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4924939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Andersen A, Coutinho L, Das I. SU-D-304-03: Small Field Proton Dosimetry Using MicroDiamond and Gafchromic Film. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4923862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Gismervik K, Aspholm M, Rørvik LM, Bruheim T, Andersen A, Skaar I. Invading slugs (Arion vulgaris) can be vectors for Listeria monocytogenes. J Appl Microbiol 2015; 118:809-16. [PMID: 25580873 PMCID: PMC4406148 DOI: 10.1111/jam.12750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Revised: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Listeriosis is a frequent silage-associated disease in ruminants. The slugs Arion vulgaris are invaders in gardens, vegetable crops and meadows for silage production. Field and laboratory studies were conducted to clarify whether slugs could host Listeria monocytogenes and thereby constitute a threat to animal feed safety. METHODS AND RESULTS Selective culture of L. monocytogenes from 79 pooled slug samples (710 slugs) resulted in 43% positive, 16% with mean L. monocytogenes values of 405 CFU g(-1) slug tissues. Of 62 individual slugs cultured, 11% also tested positive from surface/mucus. Multilocus sequence typing analysis of 36 isolates from different slug pools identified 20 sequence types belonging to L. monocytogenes lineages I and II. Slugs fed ≅4·0 × 10(5) CFUL. monocytogenes, excreted viable L. monocytogenes in faeces for up to 22 days. Excretion of L. monocytogenes decreased with time, although there were indications of a short enrichment period during the first 24 h. CONCLUSIONS Arion vulgaris may act as a vector for L. monocytogenes. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Highly slug-contaminated grass silage may pose a potential threat to animal feed safety.
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Gobina I, Villberg J, Villerusa A, Välimaa R, Tynjälä J, Ottova-Jordan V, Ravens-Sieberer U, Levin K, Cavallo F, Borraccino A, Sigmund E, Andersen A, Holstein BE. Self-reported recurrent pain and medicine use behaviours among 15-year olds: results from the international study. Eur J Pain 2014; 19:77-84. [PMID: 24807819 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is considerable variation in adolescent pain prevalence across epidemiological studies, with limited information on pain-related behaviours among adolescents, including medicine use. The aims of this study were (1) to examine the prevalence of recurrent pain among 15-year-old adolescents internationally; (2) to investigate the association between recurrent pain and medicine use behaviours among boys and girls; and (3) to evaluate the consistency of these associations across countries. METHODS The World Health Organization (WHO) collaborative international Health Behaviour in School-aged Children 2009/2010 study collects data about self-reported aches and medicine use from 36,762 15-year-old adolescents from 22 countries/regions in Europe and the United States. Multi-level multivariate logistic regression, stratified by gender, was used to analyse the association between recurrent pain and medicine use for headache, stomachache, nervousness and difficulties in getting to sleep. RESULTS More than 30% of adolescents reported recurrent headache, almost 30% recurrent backache and approximately 20% recurrent stomachache. Although pain prevalence and medicine use for aches were much higher for girls, the association between pain and medicine use was similarly strong for both genders. Adolescents with recurrent pain are more likely to use medicines also for non-corresponding pain, nervousness and difficulties in getting to sleep. The association between recurrent pain and medicine use was consistent across countries despite large-country differences in the prevalence of recurrent pain and medicine use. CONCLUSIONS Recurrent pain in adolescence is common cross-nationally. Adolescents with recurrent pain are more likely to use medicine in general. Recurrent pain and medicine use should be addressed in adolescent health policies.
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Fan XT, Zhao F, Ai Y, Andersen A, Hardy P, Ling F, Gerhardt GA, Zhang Z, Quintero JE. Cortical glutamate levels decrease in a non-human primate model of dopamine deficiency. Brain Res 2014; 1552:34-40. [PMID: 24398457 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2013.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
While Parkinson's disease is the result of dopaminergic dysfunction of the nigrostriatal system, the clinical manifestations of Parkinson's disease are brought about by alterations in multiple neural components, including cortical areas. We examined how 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) administration affected extracellular cortical glutamate levels by comparing glutamate levels in normal and MPTP-lesioned nonhuman primates (Macaca mulatta). Extracellular glutamate levels were measured using glutamate microelectrode biosensors. Unilateral MPTP-administration rendered the animals with hemiparkinsonian symptoms, including dopaminergic deficiencies in the substantia nigra and the premotor and motor cortices, and with statistically significant decreases in basal glutamate levels in the primary motor cortex on the side ipsilateral to the MPTP-lesion. These results suggest that the functional changes of the glutamatergic system, especially in the motor cortex, in models of Parkinson's disease could provide important insights into the mechanisms of this disease.
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Krogsgaard M, Andersen A, Birkedal H. Gels and threads: mussel-inspired one-pot route to advanced responsive materials. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:13278-81. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc05293e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Self-healing hydrogels are obtained in a one-pot reaction between tannic acid, trivalent metal ions and polyallylamine. At high concentrations, meter-long threads could be drawn from low pH solutions.
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Andersen S, Andersen A, Schultz JG, Ringgaard S, Kristiansen SB, Nielsen-Kudsk JE, Nielsen JM. An in vivo rat model for evaluation of cardiac electrophysiological properties in the hypertrophic and failing right heart. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht308.p1164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Rasmussen J, Andersen A, Fisker AB, Ravn H, Sodemann M, Rodrigues A, Benn CS, Aaby P. Mid-upper-arm-circumference and mid-upper-arm circumference z-score: the best predictor of mortality? Eur J Clin Nutr 2012; 66:998-1003. [DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2012.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Gomes VF, Wejse C, Oliveira I, Andersen A, Vieira FJ, Carlos LJ, Vieira CS, Aaby P, Gustafson P. Adherence to isoniazid preventive therapy in children exposed to tuberculosis: a prospective study from Guinea-Bissau. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2012; 15:1637-43. [PMID: 22118171 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.10.0558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess adherence to isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) in children exposed to adult pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) at home. METHODS Children were enrolled on IPT if they were aged ≤ 5 years or 5-15 years and presented a tuberculin skin test induration of ≥ 10 mm. Children were included from the demographic surveillance system of the Bandim Health Project in Bissau, Guinea-Bissau. The main outcome measures were adherence, completion rates and side effects during 9 months of IPT. The main outcome was 6 consecutive months of at least 80% adherence. RESULTS A total of 2631 children were identified as contacts of adult TB cases. Among the children identified, 1895 (72%) were evaluated for eligibility for IPT, and 820 were enrolled in the study: 609 were aged ≤ 5 years and 211 aged 5-15 years. A total of 79% of the prescribed doses were taken, with 65% of the children taking > 80% of their doses. In all, 51% completed more than 6 consecutive months of IPT. CONCLUSION Overall adherence to IPT was better than previously reported from TB-endemic areas, with 76% of the children completing at least 6 months of treatment, with more than 80% adherence.
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Zhang Z, Andersen A, Hardy P, Ai Y, Grondin R, Gash D, Gerhardt G. 2.150 A POSSIBLE NEW BIOMARKER FOR PARKINSON'S DISEASE: PHARMACOLOGICAL MRI (PHMRI) TO DISCRIMINATE ANIMALS WITH MPTP-VERSUS AGE-RELATED PARKINSONISM IN RHESUS MONKEYS. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s1353-8020(11)70522-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Hansen M, Ormberg I, Jahr M, Loe, Andersen A, Rekstad B, Wist E, Reitan J. 1213 poster DEEP INSPIRATION BREATH HOLD REDUCES CARDIAC DOSE IN IRRADIATION OF LEFT SIDED BREAST CANCER. Radiother Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(11)71335-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Hansen BW, Jakobsen HH, Andersen A, Almeda R, Pedersen TM, Christensen AM, Nilsson B. Swimming behavior and prey retention of the polychaete larvae Polydora ciliata (Johnston). J Exp Biol 2010; 213:3237-46. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.038810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
The behavior of the ubiquitous estuarine planktotrophic spionid polychaete larvae Polydora ciliata was studied. We describe ontogenetic changes in morphology, swimming speed and feeding rates and have developed a simple swimming model using low Reynolds number hydrodynamics. In the model we assumed that the ciliary swimming apparatus is primarily composed of the prototroch and secondarily by the telotroch. The model predicted swimming speeds and feeding rates that corresponded well with the measured speeds and rates. Applying empirical data to the model, we were able to explain the profound decrease in specific feeding rates and the observed increase in the difference between upward and downward swimming speeds with larval size. We estimated a critical larval length above which the buoyancy-corrected weight of the larva exceeds the propulsion force generated by the ciliary swimming apparatus and thus forces the larva to the bottom. This modeled critical larval length corresponded to approximately 1 mm, at which, according to the literature, competence for metamorphosis and no more length increase is observed. These findings may have general implications for all planktivorous polychaete larvae that feed without trailing threads. We observed bell shaped particle retention spectra with a minimum prey size of approximately 4 μm equivalent spherical diameter, and we found that an ontogenetic increase in maximum prey size add to a reduction in intra-specific food competition in the various larval stages. In a grazing experiment using natural seawater, ciliates were cleared approximately 50% more efficiently than similar sized dinoflagellates. The prey sizes retainable for P. ciliata larvae covers the microplankton fraction and includes non-motile as well as motile prey items, which is why the larvae are trophically positioned among the copepods and dinoflagellates. Not only do larval morphology and behavior govern larval feeding, prey behavior also influences the feeding efficiency of Polydora ciliata.
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Reine PA, Kongsgaard UE, Andersen A, Thøgersen AK, Olsen H. Infusions of albumin increase free fraction of naproxen in healthy volunteers: a randomized crossover study. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2010; 54:430-4. [PMID: 19878101 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.2009.02142.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In vitro and in vivo studies have indicated that stabilizers present in pharmaceutical-grade albumin influence the albumin-binding capacity for highly protein-bound drugs. However, the half-life of the stabilizers and the quantitative effect have been difficult to determine. METHOD A randomized crossover study including six healthy volunteers was performed. The study subjects received 750 mg of oral naproxen 2 h before the study. They were randomized to receive either 100 ml of 20% albumin or 100 ml of Ringer's acetate solution intravenously. Frequent blood samples were obtained. The experiment was repeated 4 weeks later with the alternate solution. The serum samples were analysed to determine the concentrations of albumin, N-acetyl-DL-tryptophan, caprylate, and naproxen. RESULTS The free fraction of naproxen increased significantly after the infusion of albumin (P<0.05). The increase was concurrent with the appearance of N-acetyl-DL-tryptophan and caprylate in serum. The free fraction of naproxen declined rapidly after the albumin infusion was completed. N-acetyl-DL-tryptophan had a half-life of approximately 30 min. The half-life of caprylate was <15 min. CONCLUSION A transfusion of albumin results in an increase in the free fraction of naproxen. The transient increase in free-fraction naproxen decreased together with the detectable levels of the stabilizers N-acetyl-DL-tryptophan and caprylate. N-acetyl-DL-tryptophan and caprylate have a short half-life in serum.
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Edvardsen H, Brunsvig PF, Solvang H, Tsalenko A, Andersen A, Syvanen AC, Yakhini Z, Børresen-Dale AL, Olsen H, Aamdal S, Kristensen VN. SNPs in genes coding for ROS metabolism and signalling in association with docetaxel clearance. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2010; 10:513-23. [PMID: 20157331 DOI: 10.1038/tpj.2010.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The dose of docetaxel is currently calculated based on body surface area and does not reflect the pharmacokinetic, metabolic potential or genetic background of the patients. The influence of genetic variation on the clearance of docetaxel was analysed in a two-stage analysis. In step one, 583 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 203 genes were genotyped on samples from 24 patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer. We found that many of the genes harbour several SNPs associated with clearance of docetaxel. Most notably these were four SNPs in EGF, three SNPs in PRDX4 and XPC, and two SNPs in GSTA4, TGFBR2, TNFAIP2, BCL2, DPYD and EGFR. The multiple SNPs per gene suggested the existence of common haplotypes associated with clearance. These were confirmed with detailed haplotype analysis. On the basis of analysis of variance (ANOVA), quantitative mutual information score (QMIS) and Kruskal-Wallis (KW) analysis SNPs significantly associated with clearance of docetaxel were confirmed for GSTA4, PRDX4, TGFBR2 and XPC and additional putative markers were found in CYP2C8, EPHX1, IGF2, IL1R2, MAPK7, NDUFB4, TGFBR3, TPMT (2 SNPs), (P<0.05 or borderline significant for all three methods, 14 SNPs in total). In step two, these 14 SNPs were genotyped in additional 9 samples and the results combined with the genotyping results from the first step. For 7 of the 14 SNPs, the results are still significant/borderline significant by all three methods: ANOVA, QMIS and KW analysis strengthening our hypothesis that they are associated with the clearance of docetaxel.
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Zhang Z, Andersen A, Hardy P, Ai Y, Gerhardt G, Gash D. P1.102 Pharmacological MRI detecting dysfunctions of the nigrostriatal system and monitoring therapeutic effects in PD. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1353-8020(09)70224-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Andersen A, Hansen ÅG, Rydland N, ØYre G. Carabidae and Staphylinidae (Col.) as predators of eggs of the turnip root fly Delia floralis Fallén (Diptera, Anthomyiidae) in cage experiments. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0418.1983.tb02673.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Andersen A, Wolland AM, Russell D, Nyberg-Hansen R. THE CONTRACEPTIVE PILL AND CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE. Acta Neurol Scand 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1984.tb02495.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Andersen A, Krølner R, Currie C, Dallago L, Due P, Richter M, Orkényi A, Holstein BE. High agreement on family affluence between children's and parents' reports: international study of 11-year-old children. J Epidemiol Community Health 2008; 62:1092-4. [PMID: 18413436 DOI: 10.1136/jech.2007.065169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the agreement between parents' and children's reports on four items of family affluence: number of cars, own bedroom, number of family holidays and number of computers, and to analyse predictors of disagreement. DESIGN Cross-sectional child-parent validation study of selected items from an internationally standardised questionnaire. SETTING Survey conducted in schools in Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Poland and Scotland. PARTICIPANTS 972 11-year-old children and their parents responded to the questionnaires. RESULTS The child item response rates were high (above 93%). The per cent agreement was low for holidays spent with family (52.5%), but high for the other three items of family affluence (76.2-88.1%). The kappa coefficients were good or excellent for all items (between 0.41 and 0.74) and the gamma coefficients were strong for all items (between 0.56 and 0.96). Children from single-parent families were more likely to over-report family affluence (OR 2.67; CI 1.83 to 3.89). CONCLUSIONS Young adolescents' self-reports of family affluence are fairly valid across the six countries. This finding suggests that the variables measured can be used in epidemiological studies that aim at ranking children according to socioeconomic position.
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Reine PA, Kongsgaard UE, Andersen A, Thøgersen AK, Olsen H. Infusion of albumin attenuates changes in serum protein binding of drugs in surgical patients compared with volume replacement with HAES. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2008; 52:406-12. [PMID: 18269390 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.2007.01555.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In vitro studies have indicated that stabilizers present in pharmaceutical-grade albumin influence albumin-binding capacity for highly protein bound drugs. METHODS A randomized study including 40 surgical patients, treated with either albumin or starch solutions, was performed. Volumes of colloids were given based on clinical indication. Blood samples were obtained. The serum samples were analyzed to determine the concentrations of albumin, tryptophan, N-acetyl-dl-tryptophan, caprylate and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein as well as in vitro drug binding of naproxen, warfarin and digitoxin. RESULTS During surgery, the albumin concentration declined in the Starch group from 26.8 to 15.3 g/l. It remained unchanged in the Albumin group (29.2 g/l). The two groups were analyzed with the pre-operative sample acting as the control. In the starch group, the percent free concentration of the drugs increased significantly (P<0.01): for naproxen from 0.2% to 0.6%, for warfarin from 1.2% to 1.8% and for digitoxin from 6.8% to 11.1%. In the Albumin group, the % free fraction of naproxen doubled from 0.1% to 0.2% (P<0.05), whereas the % free fraction of warfarin decreased from 1.1% to 1.0% (P<0.05). The free fraction of digitoxin remained unchanged. CONCLUSIONS Infusion of albumin during surgery resulted in maintained albumin values and almost maintained binding parameters for the study drugs, although some statistically significant changes were found. The use of starch solutions, however, led to in a reduction in albumin values and a significant reduction in binding parameters.
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Sanchez S, Andersen A, Hourdez S, Lallier F. Tissue-specific expression of different carbonic anhydrases in the chemoautotrophic symbiosis Riftia pachyptila. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2007.01.490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Andersen A, Hill KE, Stephens P, Thomas DW, Jorgensen B, Krogfelt KA. Bacterial profiling using skin grafting, standard culture and molecular bacteriological methods. J Wound Care 2007; 16:171-5. [PMID: 17444383 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2007.16.4.27025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Wound healing can be delayed by the presence of colonising bacteria, and in polymicrobial wounds they may act synergistically to the further detriment of wound healing. In this pilot investigation, biopsy and swab samples were obtained as part of skin-graft operations performed on a chronic venous leg ulcer in order to study the spatial microbial diversity and to compare standard bacteriological and molecular biological techniques. METHOD The wound was sampled before excision, and sampling was undertaken at multiple locations across the wound. Swab samples and biopsies were subjected to culture analysis and 16S rRNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and to denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). RESULTS Within the wound samples, DGGE identified the major wound microflora components and established the extent of local differences in bacterial diversity. CONCLUSION This ongoing investigation has verified DGGE as a powerful tool for elucidating the clinical microbiology of a chronic disease state. It also suggests that skin graft operations are a novel way of obtaining multiple samples for in vivo bacteriology and for establishing the spatial distribution of bacteria in the complex micro-environment of chronic wounds.
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Gotlieb WH, Bruchim I, Ben-Baruch G, Davidson B, Zeltser A, Andersen A, Olsen H. Doxorubicin levels in the serum and ascites of patients with ovarian cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol 2007; 33:213-5. [PMID: 17174514 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2006.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2006] [Accepted: 11/08/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the diffusion and accumulation of doxorubicin metabolites in the ascites of patients with ovarian cancer following intravenous injection, as a model for intraperitoneal accumulation of drugs. METHODS The concentrations of doxorubicin and its metabolites [Doxorubicinol (Dox-ol), 7-deoxydoxorubicinolone (7d-Dox-ol-on) and 7-deoxydoxorubicinone (7d-Dox-on)] were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography in the serum and in the ascites of seven patients with recurrent ovarian carcinoma suffering from symptomatic ascites and treated with intravenous doxorubicin. RESULTS Doxorubicin metabolites accumulated in the peritoneal cavity. The concentrations of the doxorubicin metabolites were initially higher in the serum compared to the ascitic fluid, but following several hours the doxorubicin metabolites became higher in the ascites, and remained detectable in the ascites for up to 168h, long after disappearance from the serum. CONCLUSIONS Doxorubicin metabolites accumulate in the ascites and are cleared more slowly from the peritoneal compartment than from the serum. Accumulation in the peritoneal cavity with prolonged half-life should be considered when administering medication in patients with ascites.
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Nilsson C, Asplund A, Schagerlöf H, Melander C, Andersen A, Tjerneld F, Cohen A, Gorton L. Studies of the separation and characterisation of mixtures of starch and cellulose derivatives by use of chromatography and mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2007; 387:2045-55. [PMID: 17252221 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-006-1094-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2006] [Revised: 12/04/2006] [Accepted: 12/12/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In this work a method was developed for characterisation of commercially available polymers consisting of mixtures of substituted cellulose and starch. Selective hydrolysis with specific enzymes was used to achieve separation of the two polymers in the mixture. Enzymes hydrolysing (1-->4)-alpha-D and (1-->6)-alpha-D-glycosidic bonds were used for the starch part and enzymes hydrolysing (1-->4)-beta-D-glycosidic bonds for the cellulose part. The hydrolysed fraction was separated from the unhydrolysed fraction and characterised by use of size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), to confirm that enzyme hydrolysis of the different polymers had occurred. High-performance anion-exchange chromatography (HPAEC) was performed to determine the amount of unmodified glucose units (UGU) in the fractions. Electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (ESIMS) was used for determination of the substituents. All products were converted to monomers by acid hydrolysis to simplify mass spectral identification of the substituents. The monomers were further subjected to acetylation with acetic acid anhydride to facilitate identification of the substituents. By combining the results from the different analytical techniques a picture of the samples was obtained.
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Hublet A, Andersen A, Godeau E, Vereecken C, Välimaa R, Tynjälä J, Boyce W, Maes L. Asthma and wheezing symptoms in young people in six Western countries. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2006; 54:305-12. [PMID: 17088695 DOI: 10.1016/s0398-7620(06)76726-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma diagnosed in children shows wide geographical variations. Large scale surveys identify children with diagnosed asthma, but neglect the group of youngsters with multiple asthmatic complaints. METHODS A short validated asthma questionnaire was included in six national surveys of the Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children Study. Prevalence rates are presented by country, gender and age. Gender and age differences are analysed using binary and multinomial logistic regressions controlling for age and smoking. RESULTS Large country differences are observed in the prevalence rates of diagnosed asthma (8.6%-20.9% in boys, 6.9%-18.5% in girls) and young people with "asthma-like symptoms" (9.6%-20.2% in boys, 9.2%-23.1% in girls). When controlling for age and smoking, significant gender differences are observed (more diagnosed asthma in boys, more asthmatic symptoms in girls). Age differences were observed in adolescents with "asthma-like symptoms", but not in diagnosed asthma. CONCLUSIONS Using a short asthma questionnaire, large differences in diagnosed asthma and wheezing symptoms are observed between the countries. A considerable group of youngsters with "asthma-like symptoms" is detected in all countries, and may be an unrecognised risk group in health promotion.
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