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Jaisoorya TS, Janardhan Reddy YC, Nair BS, Rani A, Menon PG, Revamma M, Jeevan CR, Radhakrishnan KS, Jose V, Thennarasu K. Prevalence and correlates of obsessive-compulsive disorder and subthreshold obsessive-compulsive disorder among college students in Kerala, India. Indian J Psychiatry 2017; 59:56-62. [PMID: 28529361 PMCID: PMC5419013 DOI: 10.4103/0019-5545.204438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT There are scarce data on the prevalence of adult obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in India. AIMS The aim was to study the point prevalence of OCD and subthreshold OCD and its psychosocial correlates among college students in the district of Ernakulam, Kerala, India. SETTINGS AND DESIGN A cross-sectional survey of 5784 students of the age range of 18-25 years from 58 colleges was conducted. MATERIALS AND METHODS Students were self-administered the OCD subsection of the Clinical Interview Schedule-Revised, the Composite International Diagnostic Interview for obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCSs), and other relevant instruments to identify OCD, subthreshold OCD, and related clinical measures. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS The point prevalence of OCD and subthreshold OCD was determined. Categorical variables were compared using Chi-square/Fisher's exact tests as necessary. Differences between means were compared using the ANOVA. RESULTS The point prevalence of OCD was 3.3% (males = 3.5%; females = 3.2%). 8.5% students (males = 9.9%; females = 7.7%) fulfilled criteria of subthreshold OCD. Taboo thoughts (67.1%) and mental rituals (57.4%) were the most common symptoms in OCD subjects. Compared to those without obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCSs), those with OCD and subthreshold OCD were more likely to have lifetime tobacco and alcohol use, psychological distress, suicidality, sexual abuse, and higher attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptom scores. Subjects with subthreshold OCD were comparable to those with OCD except that OCD subjects had higher psychological distress scores and academic failures. CONCLUSIONS OCD and subthreshold OCD are not uncommon in the community, both being associated with significant comorbidity. Hence, it is imperative that both are identified and treated in the community because of associated morbidity.
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Rajpoot R, Rani A, Srivastava RK, Pandey P, Dubey RS. Terminalia arjuna bark extract alleviates nickel toxicity by suppressing its uptake and modulating antioxidative defence in rice seedlings. PROTOPLASMA 2016; 253:1449-1462. [PMID: 26497693 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-015-0899-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Terminalia arjuna (Ta) bark contains various natural antioxidants and has been used to protect animal cells against oxidative stress. In the present study, we have examined alleviating effects of Ta bark aqueous extract against Ni toxicity in rice (Oryza sativa L.). When rice seedlings were raised for 8 days in hydroponics in Yoshida nutrient medium containing 200 μM NiSO4, a decline in height, reduced biomass, increased Ni uptake, loss of root plasma membrane integrity, increase in the level of O2˙-, H2O2 and ˙OH, increased lipid peroxidation, decline in photosynthetic pigments, increase in the level of antioxidative enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase and alterations in their isoenzyme profile patterns were observed. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed damage to chloroplasts marked by disorganised enlarged starch granules and disrupted thylakoids under Ni toxicity. Exogenously adding Ta bark extract (3.2 mg ml-1) to the growth medium considerably alleviated Ni toxicity in the seedlings by reducing Ni uptake, suppressing generation of reactive oxygen species, reducing lipid peroxidation, restoring level of photosynthesis pigments and ultrastructure of chloroplasts, and restoring levels of antioxidative enzymes. Results suggest that Ta bark extract considerably alleviates Ni toxicity in rice seedlings by preventing Ni uptake and reducing oxidative stress in the seedlings.
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Pandey M, Sehgal G, Dewan R, Rani A, Sharma P. Supratrochlear foramen of humerus: A case report. J ANAT SOC INDIA 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jasi.2016.08.466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kumari S, Rani A, Diwan R, Srivastava A, Sharma P. Morphological study of placenta of hypothyroid mothers. J ANAT SOC INDIA 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jasi.2016.08.306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Singh S, Sharma P, Rani A, Pankaj A. Correlation of body weight with portal vein diameter in North Indian population: An ultrasonographic study. J ANAT SOC INDIA 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jasi.2016.08.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Verma A, Yadav S, Rani A, Manik P, Srivastava A. Cervical vertebrae synostosis: A case report. J ANAT SOC INDIA 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jasi.2016.08.381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Bhanushali N, Uppuluri R, Arava S, Younis M, Fatima F, Rani A, Kumar D, Jonnada S, Deepti S, Challa S, Challa S. AB1033 Challenges in Recruitment and Retention of Subjects in Conducting Clinical Drug Trials in A Developing Country. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.3383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Saba N, Rani A, Sehgal G, Verma R, Srivastava A, Faheem M. Fusion of axis with third cervical vertebra: a case report. ROMANIAN NEUROSURGERY 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/romneu-2016-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Fusion of one or more contiguous vertebral segments is usually the result of embryological failure of normal spinal segmentation. It may be associated with syndromes such as Klippel-Feil. Fused cervical vertebrae (FCV) may also be acquired or pathologic. FCV is generally associated with disease like tuberculosis, other infections, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and trauma. The commonest site of involvement is C2-C3. In condition of fusion the two vertebrae appear not only structurally as one but also function as one. This anomaly may be asymptomatic; however, it may also manifest in the form of serious clinical features such as myelopathy, limitation of the neck movement, muscular weakness, atrophy or neurological sensory loss.
Case report: We observed the fusion of axis with 3rd cervical vertebra. Body, laminae and spines of C2 and C3 were completely fused on both anterior and posterior aspects, whereas the pedicles and transverse processes were not fused. Foramen transversarium was present on both the vertebrae bilaterally.
Conclusion: This variation is noteworthy to neurosurgeons and radiologists in studying computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans.
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George S, Ts J, Nair S, Rani A, Menon P, Madhavan R, Rajan JC, Radhakrishnan KS, Jose V, Benegal V, Thennarasu K, Petry NM. A cross-sectional study of problem gambling and its correlates among college students in South India. BJPsych Open 2016; 2:199-203. [PMID: 27703776 PMCID: PMC4995164 DOI: 10.1192/bjpo.bp.115.002519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the Western world, a significant portion of college students have gambled. College gamblers have one of the highest rates of problem gambling. To date, there have been no studies on gambling participation or the rates of problem gambling in India. AIMS This study evaluated the prevalence of gambling participation and problem gambling in college students in India. It also evaluated demographic and psychosocial correlates of gambling in that population. METHOD We surveyed 5784 college students from 58 colleges in the district of Ernakulam, Kerala, India, using cluster random sampling. Students completed questionnaires that addressed gambling, substance use, psychological distress, suicidality and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). RESULTS A total of 5580 completed questionnaires were returned, and while only 1090 (19.5%) college students reported having ever gambled, 415 (7.4%) reported problem gambling. Lotteries were the most popular form of gambling. Problem gamblers in comparison with non-gamblers were significantly more likely to be male, have a part-time job, greater academic failures, higher substance use, higher psychological distress scores, higher suicidality and higher ADHD symptom scores. In comparison with non-problem gamblers, problem gamblers were significantly more likely to have greater academic failures, higher psychological distress scores, higher suicidality and higher ADHD symptom scores. CONCLUSIONS This study, the first to look at the prevalence of gambling in India, found relatively low rates of gambling participation in college students but high rates of problem gambling among those who did gamble. Correlates of gambling were generally similar to those noted in other countries. Since 38% of college students who had gambled had a gambling problem, there is a need for immediate public health measures to raise awareness about gambling, and to prevent and treat problem gambling in this population. DECLARATION OF INTEREST S.G. was (until October 2014) a member of the UK Responsible Gambling Strategy Board, and authored the Royal College of Psychiatrists' Faculty report FR/AP/01 Gambling: The Hidden Addiction - Future Trends in Addictions (2014). COPYRIGHT AND USAGE © The Royal College of Psychiatrists 2016. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Non-Commercial, No Derivatives (CC BY-NC-ND) licence.
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Singh S, Lamin J, Kapoor D, Rani A, Rastogi N, Kumar S. EP-1318: Presence of lymph nodes and survival in cancer cervix: audit from tertiary care hospital in India. Radiother Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(16)32568-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Nikitorowicz-Buniak J, Ribas R, Rani A, Pancholi S, Guest SK, Cutler RE, Lalani A, Dowsett M, Johnston SR, Martin LA. Abstract P3-05-05: Targeting tumor re-wiring by triple blockade of mTORC1, ERBB and ER signaling pathways in endocrine resistant breast cancer. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p3-05-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
AIM To target tumor re-wiring by combined mTORC1 inhibition plus hormonal treatment with or without co-blockade of ERBB signaling in endocrine resistant models of human breast cancer (BC).
BACKGROUND Around 80% of BCs are estrogen receptor positive (ER+). Endocrine therapies target estrogenic stimulation of tumor growth but resistance remains problematic. Several strategies have shown that resistance often depends on the acquisition of enhanced cross-talk between ER and growth-factor pathways, allowing the disease to circumvent the need for steroid hormones. We have previously reported the antiproliferative effects of the combination of everolimus (RAD001-mTORC1 inhibitor) with endocrine therapy in resistance models, but potential routes of escape from treatment via ERBB2/3 signaling were observed. We hypothesised that combined targeting of three signaling pathways, namely ER, ERBB and mTORC1 may provide enhanced anti-tumor activity.
METHODS ER+ BC cell lines (MCF7, SUM44 and HCC1428) adapted to long term estrogen-deprivation (LTED) which model relapse on an aromatase inhibitor, along with their wild-type (wt) cell lines were treated with neratinib, a pan-ERBB tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in combination with RAD001 ± estradiol (E2), tamoxifen or fulvestrant. End points included proliferation, cell signaling, cell cycle and effect on ER-mediated transactivation and recruitment by ChIP.
RESULTS All cell lines showed a concentration-dependent decrease in proliferation in response to RAD001 (IC50 0.6-50nM in absence of E2 and 1-10nM in presence of E2). A wide range of IC50 values (300-1000nM) was observed with neratinib treatment in the presence of E2. However, in the absence of E2, wt cell lines showed IC50 values in excess of 1800nM with hormetic dose response curves, in which lower concentrations induced cell proliferation. In contrast, LTED IC50 values ranged between 400-900nM. Combination of either agent with endocrine therapy caused a concentration dependent decrease in proliferation in all wt cell lines and their LTED derivatives, but the maximum effect was observed when a triple combination of RAD001, neratinib and ER-blockade was used. Expression of pS6 was dramatically suppressed by RAD001 ± neratinib in all cell lines tested, whilst neratinib caused a cell line specific reduction in expression of ERBB family proteins. Upregulation of pAKT was observed in all cell lines following treatment with RAD001, indicating both inhibitors were effectively suppressing their respective targets. Combination of RAD001 with neratinib suppressed the upregulation of pAKT and significantly reduced cell cycle progression. In the absence of E2, RAD001 caused a reduction in ER-mediated transcription and decrease in recruitment of ER and the CREB-binding protein (CBP) to the TFF1 promoter. In contrast, neratinib induced a marked increase in ER-recruitment and concomitant rise in ER-mediated transactivation, which was reduced by the addition of RAD001.
CONCLUSION Targeting tumor re-wiring by triple blockade of ERBB, ER and mTORC1 signaling pathways significantly reduces cell proliferation supporting the potential combination in patients who have relapsed on endocrine therapy and retain a functional ER.
Citation Format: Nikitorowicz-Buniak J, Ribas R, Rani A, Pancholi S, Guest SK, Cutler Jr RE, Lalani A, Dowsett M, Johnston SR, Martin L-A. Targeting tumor re-wiring by triple blockade of mTORC1, ERBB and ER signaling pathways in endocrine resistant breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-05-05.
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Pandey P, Srivastava RK, Rajpoot R, Rani A, Pandey AK, Dubey RS. Water deficit and aluminum interactive effects on generation of reactive oxygen species and responses of antioxidative enzymes in the seedlings of two rice cultivars differing in stress tolerance. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:1516-1528. [PMID: 26374546 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5392-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) is a major constraint to crop productivity in acid soils, whereas water deficit severely limits crop production in arid and semi-arid regions of the world. The objective of the present study was to examine the effects of both stresses, Al excess and water deficit, individually and in combination on the production of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) superoxide anion (O2˙(-)), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), hydroxyl radical, and lipid peroxidation and the activity of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) in the seedlings of two rice (Oryza sativa L.) cvs. Malviya-36 (sensitive to water deficit and Al) and Vandana (tolerant to water deficit and Al). When 15-day grown seedlings were exposed to water deficit (created with 15% polyethylene glycol, PEG-6000) or Al (1 mM AlCl3) treatment or both treatments together for 24-72 h, the lengths and fresh weights of root/shoot declined in the seedlings of the sensitive cultivar, whereas in the tolerant seedlings, either little or insignificant decline in these parameters was observed due to the treatments. Biochemical determinations and histochemical studies revealed that under a similar level of water deficit, Al, or combined treatment, seedlings of sensitive cultivar showed a higher level of production of O2˙(-), H2O2, hydroxyl radical, and lipid peroxides compared to the tolerant seedlings. Seedlings of tolerant cultivars, both in roots and shoots, had constitutively higher activity levels of antioxidative enzymes SOD, CAT, and GPX and showed a greater increase in activity under water deficit or Al treatment alone or in combination compared to the similarly treated seedlings of sensitive cultivar. Our results suggest that a lower constitutive level of ROS and a high antioxidative enzyme capacity are associated with tolerance to both water deficit and Al excess in rice seedlings.
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Srivastava RK, Pandey P, Rajpoot R, Rani A, Gautam A, Dubey RS. Exogenous application of calcium and silica alleviates cadmium toxicity by suppressing oxidative damage in rice seedlings. PROTOPLASMA 2015; 252:959-75. [PMID: 25413289 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-014-0731-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to examine the possible roles of calcium (Ca(2+)) and silica (Si) in protection against oxidative damage due to Cd(2+) toxicity in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings grown in hydroponics. Rice seedlings raised for 12 days in hydroponics containing Cd(NO3)2 (75 μM) showed reduced growth; increase in the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) (O2 (·-) and H2O2), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARSs) and protein carbonylation; and increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes-superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) compared to untreated controls. Exogenously added Ca(2+) (2 mM) and Si (200 μM) significantly alleviated negative effect of Cd(2+) by restoration of growth of the seedlings, suppression of Cd(2+) uptake and restoration of root plasma membrane integrity. The levels of O2 (·-), H2O2, lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyls were much lower when Ca(2+) and Si were added in the growth medium along with Cd(2+) as compared to Cd-alone-treated seedlings. Ca(2+) and Si lowered Cd-induced increase in SOD, GPX and APX activities while they elevated Cd-induced decline in CAT activity. Using histochemical staining of O2 (·-) and H2O2 in leaf tissues, it was further confirmed that added Ca(2+) and Si suppressed Cd-induced accumulation of O2 (·-) and H2O2 in the leaves. The results suggest that exogenous application of Ca(2+) and Si appears to be advantageous for rice plants in alleviating Cd(2+) toxicity effects by reducing Cd(2+) uptake, decreasing ROS production and suppressing oxidative damage. The observations indicate that Ca(2+) and Si treatments can help in reducing Cd(2+) toxicity in rice plants.
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Rani A, Rao H, Kumar A, Shruthi M. Eco-Friendly Approach for Treating Dairy Effluent and Lipid Estimation Using Microalgae. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.9734/bbj/2015/16931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Srivastava RK, Pandey P, Rajpoot R, Rani A, Dubey RS. Cadmium and lead interactive effects on oxidative stress and antioxidative responses in rice seedlings. PROTOPLASMA 2014. [PMID: 24482190 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-014-06143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Interactive effects of two heavy metal pollutants Cd and Pb in the growth medium were examined on their uptake, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), induction of oxidative stress and antioxidative defence responses in Indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings. When rice seedlings in sand culture were exposed to 150 μM Cd (NO3)2 or 600 μM Pb (CH3COO)2 individually or in combination for 8-16 days, a significant reduction in root/shoot length, fresh weight, relative water content, photosynthetic pigments and increased production of ROS (O2˙- and H2O2) was observed. Both Cd and Pb were readily taken up by rice roots and localisation of absorbed metals was greater in roots than in shoots. When present together in the growth medium, uptake of both the metals Cd and Pb declined by 25-40%. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) imaging of leaf stomata revealed that Pb caused more distortion in the shape of guard cells than Cd. Dithizone staining of roots showed localisation of absorbed Cd on root hairs and epidermal cells. Both Cd and Pb caused increased lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, decline in protein thiol and increase in non-protein thiol. The level of reduced forms of non-enzymic antioxidants glutathione (GSH) and ascorbate (AsA) and their redox ratios (GSH/AsA) declined, whereas the activities of antioxidative enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) increased in metal treated seedlings compared to controls. In-gel activity staining also revealed increased intensities of SOD and GPX isoforms with metal treatments. Catalase (CAT) activity increased during early days (8 days) of metal exposure and declined by 16 days. Results suggest that oxidative stress is an important component in expression of Cd and Pb toxicities in rice, though uptake of both metals gets reduced considerably when present together in the medium.
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Srivastava RK, Pandey P, Rajpoot R, Rani A, Dubey RS. Cadmium and lead interactive effects on oxidative stress and antioxidative responses in rice seedlings. PROTOPLASMA 2014; 251:1047-65. [PMID: 24482190 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-014-0614-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Interactive effects of two heavy metal pollutants Cd and Pb in the growth medium were examined on their uptake, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), induction of oxidative stress and antioxidative defence responses in Indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings. When rice seedlings in sand culture were exposed to 150 μM Cd (NO3)2 or 600 μM Pb (CH3COO)2 individually or in combination for 8-16 days, a significant reduction in root/shoot length, fresh weight, relative water content, photosynthetic pigments and increased production of ROS (O2˙- and H2O2) was observed. Both Cd and Pb were readily taken up by rice roots and localisation of absorbed metals was greater in roots than in shoots. When present together in the growth medium, uptake of both the metals Cd and Pb declined by 25-40%. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) imaging of leaf stomata revealed that Pb caused more distortion in the shape of guard cells than Cd. Dithizone staining of roots showed localisation of absorbed Cd on root hairs and epidermal cells. Both Cd and Pb caused increased lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, decline in protein thiol and increase in non-protein thiol. The level of reduced forms of non-enzymic antioxidants glutathione (GSH) and ascorbate (AsA) and their redox ratios (GSH/AsA) declined, whereas the activities of antioxidative enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) increased in metal treated seedlings compared to controls. In-gel activity staining also revealed increased intensities of SOD and GPX isoforms with metal treatments. Catalase (CAT) activity increased during early days (8 days) of metal exposure and declined by 16 days. Results suggest that oxidative stress is an important component in expression of Cd and Pb toxicities in rice, though uptake of both metals gets reduced considerably when present together in the medium.
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Sisodia R, Geol M, Verma S, Rani A, Dureja P. Antibacterial and antioxidant activity of lichen species Ramalina roesleri. Nat Prod Res 2013; 27:2235-9. [PMID: 23822758 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2013.811410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Solvent extracts of Ramalina roesleri Nyl were assayed for antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. Hexane extract was highly active against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH) radical scavenging activity of extracts ranged from 29.42% to 87.90%. Atranorin, protolichesterinic acid, usnic acid, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-6-propyl benzoic acid, homosekikaic acid, sekikaic acid, benzoic acid, 2,4-dihydroxy-6-propyl and 2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethyl benzoate were isolated from the hexane extract. Maximum DPPH radical scavenging activity was exhibited by sekikaic acid followed by homosekikaic acid.
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Arava S, Uppuluri RR, Fatima F, Mohiuddin MY, Rani A, Kumar D, Challa S, Jonnada S, Sri Purna D. AB0850-HPR Side effect profile in patients with rheumatoid arthritis on leflunomide with and without loading dose. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-eular.3172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Rani A, Chopra J, Rani A, Verma RK. Duplicated anterior belly of the digastric muscle. Singapore Med J 2013; 54:e131-2. [PMID: 23712787 DOI: 10.11622/smedj.2013117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
During routine dissection of the submental region of a 65-year-old female cadaver, a bilateral supernumerary muscle, medial to the anterior bellies of the digastric muscle, was observed. The accessory muscle bundle was attached proximally to the digastric fossa of the mandible, with an intermediate attachment to the body of hyoid bone and a distal attachment to the medial margin of the lower end of the anterior belly of the digastric muscle and its intermediate tendon on the respective side. These types of bilaterally symmetrical accessory muscles of the submental region may be erroneously identified as an infarcted submental lymph node or a pseudomass on radiological examinations.
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Batchelor J, Ridd M, Clarke T, Ahmed A, Cox M, Crowe S, Howard M, Lawton S, McPhee M, Rani A, Ravenscroft J, Roberts A, Thomas K. The Eczema Priority Setting Partnership: a collaboration between patients, carers, clinicians and researchers to identify and prioritize important research questions for the treatment of eczema. Br J Dermatol 2013; 168:577-82. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.12040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Rani A, Pandita E, Rahman S, Deep S, Sau AK. Insight into temperature dependence of GTPase activity in human guanylate binding protein-1. PLoS One 2012; 7:e40487. [PMID: 22859948 PMCID: PMC3394710 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2012] [Accepted: 06/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon-γ induced human guanylate binding protein-1(hGBP1) belongs to a family of dynamin related large GTPases. Unlike all other GTPases, hGBP1 hydrolyzes GTP to a mixture of GDP and GMP with GMP being the major product at 37°C but GDP became significant when the hydrolysis reaction was carried out at 15°C. The hydrolysis reaction in hGBP1 is believed to involve with a number of catalytic steps. To investigate the effect of temperature in the product formation and on the different catalytic complexes of hGBP1, we carried out temperature dependent GTPase assays, mutational analysis, chemical and thermal denaturation studies. The Arrhenius plot for both GDP and GMP interestingly showed nonlinear behaviour, suggesting that the product formation from the GTP-bound enzyme complex is associated with at least more than one step. The negative activation energy for GDP formation and GTPase assay with external GDP together indicate that GDP formation occurs through the reversible dissociation of GDP-bound enzyme dimer to monomer, which further reversibly dissociates to give the product. Denaturation studies of different catalytic complexes show that unlike other complexes the free energy of GDP-bound hGBP1 decreases significantly at lower temperature. GDP formation is found to be dependent on the free energy of the GDP-bound enzyme complex. The decrease in the free energy of this complex at low temperature compared to at high is the reason for higher GDP formation at low temperature. Thermal denaturation studies also suggest that the difference in the free energy of the GTP-bound enzyme dimer compared to its monomer plays a crucial role in the product formation; higher stability favours GMP but lower favours GDP. Thus, this study provides the first thermodynamic insight into the effect of temperature in the product formation of hGBP1.
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Ponnudurai R, Srinivasan B, Sumitha R, Koshy T, Paul SSD, Thiruvikraman, Rani A. Klinefelter's syndrome (mosaic) with chromosome 9 inv and schizophrenia. Indian J Psychiatry 2012; 54:88-90. [PMID: 22556446 PMCID: PMC3339230 DOI: 10.4103/0019-5545.94655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Klinefelter's syndrome is a sex chromosome abnormality with low androgen level. The varied manifestations of the mental symptoms in some of them, that are inexplicable based on their genotype alone, has fascinated the researchers. We present here a case of Klinefelter's syndrome having a karyotype of mos 47, XXY, and also inversion in 9(th) chromosome, with schizophrenia. Despite the view that inv 9 is a normal variant, it is still worthwhile to explore whether it has any role in the etiology of schizophrenia especially when it occurs with other genotypic aberrations that are suspected to have relevance to psychiatric disorders including the Klinefelter's syndrome.
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Tewari A, Hasan M, Sahai A, Sharma P, Rani A, Agarwal A. White Core of Cerebellum in Nicotine Treated Rats - A Histological Study. J ANAT SOC INDIA 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2778(10)80015-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Afzali B, Mitchell P, Rani A, Khamri W, Kordasti S, Bamford K, Grimbacher B, John S, Lechler R, Lombardi G. Subversion of human CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells to IL-17-producing T cells by an inflammatory milieu. Cytokine 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2009.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Rani A, Sandhir R, Kulkarni SK, Piplani P. Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of some quinoline derivatives as Potential antiamnesic agents. J Young Pharm 2009. [DOI: 10.4103/0975-1483.59325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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