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Mutignani M, Forti E, Larghi A, Pugliese F, Cintolo M, Massad M, Italia A, Tringali A, Ferrari GC, De Gasperi A, Rampoldi A, De Carlis L, Chiara O, Paparozzi C, Dioscoridi L. Endoscopic entero-enteral bypass: an effective new approach to the treatment of postsurgical complications of hepaticojejunostomy. Endoscopy 2019; 51:1146-1150. [PMID: 31163496 DOI: 10.1055/a-0914-2855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Management of biliary adverse events (BAEs) after biliodigestive anastomosis is challenging. We propose a new endoscopic approach to improve BAEs in this clinical setting. METHODS Patients who had BAEs after a hepaticojejunostomy with Roux-en-Y loop or a Whipple procedure underwent creation of an entero-enteral endoscopic bypass (EEEB) between the duodenal/gastric wall and the biliary jejunal loop under endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and fluoroscopic guidance using specifically designed fully covered self-expandable metal stents. RESULTS 32 consecutive patients underwent EEEB, which was successful in all but one patient. One procedural and five long-term mild adverse events occurred. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) through the EEEB successfully treated all types of BAEs in these patients. Disease recurred in two patients who were successfully re-treated through the EEEB. CONCLUSIONS Our retrospective study showed that in patients with BAEs after biliodigestive anastomosis, EEEB is safe, feasible, and allows a successful long-term treatment of different BAEs in a tertiary referral center with high-level experience in both endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and EUS.
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Aseni P, Di Domenico SL, Barbosa F, Rampoldi A, Berry C. Hemoperitoneum in cirrhotic patients in the absence of abdominal trauma. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 13:867-876. [PMID: 31204541 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2019.1631159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Hemoperitoneum can be a life-threating condition in cirrhotic patients who have a limited compensatory reserve during hemorrhagic shock. We aim to review the literature on the different etiologies associated with non-traumatic hemoperitoneum (NTH), summarizing the most relevant conditions associated with spontaneous and iatrogenic peritoneal and retroperitoneal bleeding that may occur in cirrhotic patients and to illustrate the most relevant diagnostic strategies and optimal management. Area covered: This review encompasses the current literature in hemoperitoneum in cirrhotic patients in the absence of abdominal trauma. Established diagnostic procedures, therapeutic interventions and potential novel targets are reported and discussed. Expert opinion: To ensure the optimal management regardless of the underlying etiology of NTH, the first goal for the clinician is to obtain immediate hemodynamic stabilization with supportive measures and to control the source of bleeding. The latter can be achieved with angiographic embolization, which is usually the first choice, or with open surgery. Other therapeutic options according to specific etiologies include transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS), balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration (BRTO), balloon-occluded anterograde transvenous obliteration (BATO) or intra operative radio frequency (RF).
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Di Sandro S, Benuzzi L, Lauterio A, Botta F, De Carlis R, Najjar M, Centonze L, Danieli M, Pezzoli I, Rampoldi A, Bagnardi V, De Carlis L. Single Hepatocellular Carcinoma approached by curative-intent treatment: A propensity score analysis comparing radiofrequency ablation and liver resection. Eur J Surg Oncol 2019; 45:1691-1699. [PMID: 31072620 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2019.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Gentillon C, Li D, Duan M, Yu WM, Preininger MK, Jha R, Rampoldi A, Saraf A, Gibson GC, Qu CK, Brown LA, Xu C. Targeting HIF-1α in combination with PPARα activation and postnatal factors promotes the metabolic maturation of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 132:120-135. [PMID: 31082397 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Immature phenotypes of cardiomyocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC-CMs) limit the utility of these cells in clinical application and basic research. During cardiac development, postnatal cardiomyocytes experience high oxygen tension along with a concomitant downregulation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), leading to increased fatty acid oxidation (FAO). We hypothesized that targeting HIF-1α alone or in combination with other metabolic regulators could promote the metabolic maturation of hiPSC-CMs. We examined the effect of HIF-1α inhibition on the maturation of hiPSC-CMs and investigated a multipronged approach to promote hiPSC-CM maturation by combining HIF-1α inhibition with molecules that target key pathways involved in the energy metabolism. Cardiac spheres of highly-enriched hiPSC-CMs were treated with a HIF-1α inhibitor alone or in combination with an agonist of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α (PPARα) and three postnatal factors (triiodothyronine hormone T3, insulin-like growth factor-1 and dexamethasone). HIF-1α inhibition significantly increased FAO and basal and maximal respiration of hiPSC-CMs. Combining HIF-1α inhibition with PPARα activation and the postnatal factors further increased FAO and improved mitochondrial maturation in hiPSC-CMs. Compared with mock-treated cultures, the cultures treated with the five factors had increased mitochondrial content and contained more cells with mitochondrial distribution throughout the cells, which are features of more mature cardiomyocytes. Consistent with these observations, a number of transcriptional regulators of mitochondrial metabolic processes were upregulated in hiPSC-CMs treated with the five factors. Furthermore, these cells had significantly increased Ca2+ transient kinetics and contraction and relaxation velocities, which are functional features for more mature cardiomyocytes. Therefore, targeting HIF-1α in combination with other metabolic regulators significantly improves the metabolic maturation of hiPSC-CMs.
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Hu D, Rampoldi A, Bratus-Neuenschwander A, Hofer A, Bertschinger HU, Vögeli P, Neuenschwander S. Effective genetic markers for identifying the Escherichia coli F4ac receptor status of pigs. Anim Genet 2019; 50:136-142. [PMID: 30724375 DOI: 10.1111/age.12770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The F4ac receptor locus (F4acR), which encodes susceptibility or resistance to Escherichia coli diarrhoea, is inherited as an autosomal recessive monogenetic trait. F4acR is localized on pig chromosome 13 (SSC13q41-q44) near the MUC13 gene. Two flanking markers (CHCF1 and ALGA0106330) with a high linkage disequilibrium (LD) with F4acR were found to be effective for the genetic identification of F4ac-resistant pigs in the Swiss Large White breed (one recombinant out of 2034 genotyped pigs). Three recombinant boars, one each from the Duroc, Swiss Landrace and Piétrain breeds, were genotyped with seven different markers and phenotyped by means of a microscopic adhesion test. Only ALGA0072075, CHCF1 and CHCF3 indicated the correct phenotype. To test the effect of the resistance allele on production traits, 530 Large White pigs from the national test station were investigated. A significant difference existed among the F4acR locus genotypes in the intramuscular fat content of the longissimus dorsi muscle, whereas no other production traits were influenced by the resistance allele. The frequency of the CHCF1-C and ALGA0106330-A alleles associated with resistance in the Swiss Large White population was 60%, which is advantageous for implementing this trait in a breeding programme to select for E. coli F4ac-resistant animals. The selection of resistant pigs should start on the male side due to the inability of resistant sows to produce sufficient amounts of protecting antibodies in the colostrum. Selection of genetically F4ac-resistant pigs is a sustainable and suitable alternative to decreasing animal loss and antibiotic use due to diarrhoea.
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Colombo P, De Mattia C, Rottoli F, Sutto M, Rampoldi A, Barbosa F, Torresin A. 104. Use of a RDIM system to analyse and optimize an interventional radiology procedure. Phys Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2018.04.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Rampoldi A, Crooke SN, Preininger MK, Jha R, Maxwell J, Ding L, Spearman P, Finn MG, Xu C. Targeted Elimination of Tumorigenic Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Using Suicide-Inducing Virus-like Particles. ACS Chem Biol 2018; 13:2329-2338. [PMID: 29979576 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.8b00490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Sensitization to prodrugs via transgenic expression of suicide genes is a leading strategy for the selective elimination of potentially tumorigenic human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) in regenerative medicine, but transgenic modification poses safety risks such as deleterious mutagenesis. We describe here an alternative method of delivering suicide-inducing molecules explicitly to hPSCs using virus-like particles (VLPs) and demonstrate its use in eliminating undifferentiated hPSCs in vitro. VLPs were engineered from Qβ bacteriophage capsids to contain enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) or cytosine deaminase (CD) and to simultaneously display multiple IgG-binding ZZ domains. After labeling with antibodies against the hPSC-specific surface glycan SSEA-5, EGFP-containing particles were shown to specifically bind undifferentiated cells in culture, and CD-containing particles were able to eliminate undifferentiated hPSCs with virtually no cytotoxicity to differentiated cells upon treatment with the prodrug 5-fluorocytosine.
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Colombo PE, Rottoli F, Sutto M, De Mattia C, Rampoldi A, Torresin A. [P021] Analysis and optimization of an interventional radiology procedure using a radiation dose index monitoring software. Phys Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2018.06.349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Harbuzariu A, Rampoldi A, Daley-Brown DS, Candelaria P, Harmon TL, Lipsey CC, Beech DJ, Quarshie A, Ilies GO, Gonzalez-Perez RR. Leptin-Notch signaling axis is involved in pancreatic cancer progression. Oncotarget 2018; 8:7740-7752. [PMID: 27999190 PMCID: PMC5352357 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) shows a high death rate. PC incidence and prognosis are affected by obesity, a pandemic characterized by high levels of leptin. Notch is upregulated by leptin in breast cancer. Thus, leptin and Notch crosstalk could influence PC progression. Here we investigated in PC cell lines (BxPC-3, MiaPaCa-2, Panc-1, AsPC-1), derived tumorspheres and xenografts whether a functional leptin-Notch axis affects PC progression and expansion of pancreatic cancer stem cells (PCSC). PC cells and tumorspheres were treated with leptin and inhibitors of Notch (gamma-secretase inhibitor, DAPT) and leptin (iron oxide nanoparticle-leptin peptide receptor antagonist 2, IONP-LPrA2). Leptin treatment increased cell cycle progression and proliferation, and the expression of Notch receptors, ligands and targeted molecules (Notch1-4, DLL4, JAG1, Survivin and Hey2), PCSC markers (CD24/CD44/ESA, ALDH, CD133, Oct-4), ABCB1 protein, as well as tumorsphere formation. Leptin-induced effects on PC and tumorspheres were decreased by IONP-LPrA2 and DAPT. PC cells secreted leptin and expressed the leptin receptor, OB-R, which indicates a leptin autocrine/paracrine signaling loop could also affect tumor progression. IONP-LPrA2 treatment delayed the onset of MiaPaCa-2 xenografts, and decreased tumor growth and the expression of proliferation and PCSC markers. Present data suggest that leptin-Notch axis is involved in PC. PC has no targeted therapy and is mainly treated with chemotherapy, whose efficiency could be decreased by leptin and Notch activities. Thus, the leptin-Notch axis could be a novel therapeutic target, particularly for obese PC patients.
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Candelaria PV, Rampoldi A, Harbuzariu A, Gonzalez-Perez RR. Leptin signaling and cancer chemoresistance: Perspectives. World J Clin Oncol 2017; 8:106-119. [PMID: 28439492 PMCID: PMC5385432 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v8.i2.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major health problem and currently is endemic around the world. Obesity is a risk factor for several different types of cancer, significantly promoting cancer incidence, progression, poor prognosis and resistance to anti-cancer therapies. The study of this resistance is critical as development of chemoresistance is a serious drawback for the successful and effective drug-based treatments of cancer. There is increasing evidence that augmented adiposity can impact on chemotherapeutic treatment of cancer and the development of resistance to these treatments, particularly through one of its signature mediators, the adipokine leptin. Leptin is a pro-inflammatory, pro-angiogenic and pro-tumorigenic adipokine that has been implicated in many cancers promoting processes such as angiogenesis, metastasis, tumorigenesis and survival/resistance to apoptosis. Several possible mechanisms that could potentially be developed by cancer cells to elicit drug resistance have been suggested in the literature. Here, we summarize and discuss the current state of the literature on the role of obesity and leptin on chemoresistance, particularly as it relates to breast and pancreatic cancers. We focus on the role of leptin and its significance in possibly driving these proposed chemoresistance mechanisms, and examine its effects on cancer cell survival signals and expansion of the cancer stem cell sub-populations.
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Candelaria P, Harmon T, Harbuzariu A, Rampoldi A, Lipsey C, Mullen M, Kurian A, Dill C, Tchio C, Daley-Brown D, Nunez S, Lanier V, Gonzalez-Perez RR. Abstract B66: Novel adjuvant therapy for obesity-related cancers. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7755.disp16-b66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Obesity incidence has reached alarming levels, particularly in minority populations: African American (AA) and Latinos. The risk of develop several cancers (i.e., breast, pancreatic and endometrial cancers) is strongly correlated to obesity. One of the essential factors involved in this relationship is leptin, the major adipokine secreted by adipose and tumor cells. Leptin is a mitogenic, proangiogenic, antiapoptotic and inflammatory factor that induces tumor growth and metastasis. Leptin has also been shown to increase cancer stem cell population and drug resistance in tumors. We have produced a potent and specific antagonist (LPrA2) that blocks leptin signaling and impairs its effects on cancer cells. LPrA2 conjugated to iron-oxide nanoparticles (IONP-LPrA2) shows enhanced bioavailability (half-life 8x higher) and inhibition effectiveness on leptin signaling in cancer cells. It is hypothesized that IONP-LPrA2 could serve as an adjuvant that increases effectiveness and allows the reduction of dosage of chemotherapeutic drugs, particularly in obesity contexts. Breast (E0771-TAM tamoxifen resistant, Py-8119, MDA-MB231, HCC1806 and MCF-7) and pancreatic cancer cells (Panc-1, BxPC-3, MiaPaca2), and their derived tumorspheres were treated with leptin, chemotherapeutics (Cisplatin, Doxorubicin, Paclitaxel and Gemcitabine) and IONP-LPrA2. Additionally, E0771-TAM and Py-8119 cells, and MDA-MB231 and Panc-1 tumorspheres were inoculated in C57BL/6J female mice (obese and lean) and female and male CD1 nu/nu mice. The mice were treated with IONP-LPrA2 during 4 weeks. Leptin induced proliferation and cell cycle progression in all cancer cells tested. Leptin also increased the number and size of breast and pancreatic cancer tumorspheres, and the levels of cancer stem cell (ALDH1, CD44, CD24, ESA), and chemoresistant (ABCB1) and pluripotent (NANOG) markers. IONP-LPrA2 treatment increased the effects of chemotherapeutics on cancer cells, and delayed tumor onset and growth. These data suggest that leptin is a mitogenic factor that increases cancer aggressiveness and survival. IONP-LPrA2 is a promising chemotherapeutic adjuvant, especially for patients suffering from obesity-related cancers.
Citation Format: Pierre Candelaria, Tia Harmon, Adriana Harbuzariu, Antonio Rampoldi, Crystal Lipsey, Mckay Mullen, Ann Kurian, Courtney Dill, Cynthia Tchio, Danielle Daley-Brown, Shakeyla Nunez, Viola Lanier, Ruben Rene Gonzalez-Perez. Novel adjuvant therapy for obesity-related cancers. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Ninth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2016 Sep 25-28; Fort Lauderdale, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017;26(2 Suppl):Abstract nr B66.
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Rampoldi A, Barbosa F, Secco S, Migliorisi C, Galfano A, Prestini G, Harward SH, Di Trapani D, Brambillasca PM, Ruggero V, Solcia M, Carnevale FC, Bocciardi AM. Prostatic Artery Embolization as an Alternative to Indwelling Bladder Catheterization to Manage Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Poor Surgical Candidates. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2017; 40:530-536. [PMID: 28130568 DOI: 10.1007/s00270-017-1582-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To prospectively assess discontinuation of indwelling bladder catheterization (IBC) and relief of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) following prostate artery embolization (PAE) in poor surgical candidates. METHODS Patients ineligible for surgical intervention were offered PAE after at least 1 month of IBC for management of urinary retention secondary to BPH; exclusion criteria for PAE included eligibility for surgery, active bladder cancer or known prostate cancer. Embolization technical and clinical success were defined as bilateral prostate embolization and removal of IBC, respectively. Patients were followed for at least 6 months and evaluated for International Prostate Symptom Score, quality of life, prostate size and uroflowmetric parameters. RESULTS A total of 43 patients were enrolled; bilateral embolization was performed in 33 (76.7%), unilateral embolization was performed in 8 (18.6%), and two patients could not be embolized due to tortuous and atherosclerotic pelvic vasculature (4.7%). Among the patients who were embolized, mean prostate size decreased from 75.6 ± 33.2 to 63.0 ± 23.2 g (sign rank p = 0.0001, mean reduction of 19.6 ± 17.3%), and IBC removal was achieved in 33 patients (80.5%). Clavien II complications were reported in nine patients (21.9%) and included urinary tract infection (three patients, 7.3%) and recurrent acute urinary retention (six patients, 14.6%). Nine patients (22.0%) experienced post-embolization syndrome. CONCLUSIONS PAE is a safe and feasible for the relief of LUTS and IBC in highly comorbid patients without surgical treatment options.
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Harbuzariu A, Rampoldi A, Daley-Brown DS, Harmon TL, Beech DJ, Oprea-Ilies G, Gonzalez-Perez RR. Abstract 1034: Leptin induces early onset and aggressiveness of pancreatic cancer. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-1034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: During the past 30 years, pancreatic cancer (PC) has constantly been the fourth leading cause of cancer death. PC is usually advanced at the time of diagnosis, with an overall five years survival rate of less than 5%. Obesity, characterized by high levels of leptin, is pandemic in United States and a risk factor for PC. Notch abnormal signaling is linked to carcinogenesis, tumor angiogenesis and self renewal capacity of PC stem cells (PCSC). We have previously shown that leptin induces proliferation of PC cell lines, increases Notch expression, PCSC and tumorsphere formation. To test leptin effects in a PC mouse model, a specific and potent signaling inhibitor bound to nanoparticles, IONP-LPrA2 was produced by us.
Hypothesis: High levels of leptin induce early onset and multiplicity of PC xenografts, which is abrogated by IONP-LPrA2 treatment.
Methods: Human PC cell line MiaPaCa-2 was challenged with leptin or IONP-LPrA2. The expression of pluripotency associated genes (STAT3, Oct4, Sox2 and NANOG) was evaluated. MiaPaCa-2 cells forming tumorspheres were treated with leptin or IONP-LPrA2 and inoculated into CD1 nu/nu mice. Untreated tumorspheres were inoculated as controls. A group of mice were injected twice a week with IONP-LPrA2. Tumor onset and growth were assessed. PC xenografts were analyzed for expression of Ki67 (proliferation marker), leptin targeted molecules (Notch), PCSC markers etc.
Results: Leptin induced the expression of PCSC pluripotency markers. Moreover, leptin treatment of tumorspheres induced early tumor onset and multiplicity. Also, leptin increased proliferation, PCSC and oncogenic markers in PC xenografts. IONP-LPrA2 reduced leptin effects. No changes of mice food intake and body weight were observed.
Conclusions: This observation might imply that obese patients are at high risk to develop PC. Inhibition of leptin signaling may be used as preventative or therapeutic strategy for PC, especially in obese patients.
Acknowledgements: this work was supported by DOD W81XWH-13-1-0382; NIH/SBIR 1R41CA183399-01A1; Pilot Project Award from MSM/Tuskegee University/UAB Cancer Center partnership grant 5U54CA118638; PC SPORE Grant from UAB to RRGP, and facilities and support services at Morehouse School of Medicine (1G12RR026250-03; NIH RR 03034 and 1C06 RR18386).
Citation Format: Adriana Harbuzariu, Antonio Rampoldi, Danielle S. Daley-Brown, Tia L. Harmon, Derrick J. Beech, Gabriela Oprea-Ilies, Ruben R. Gonzalez-Perez. Leptin induces early onset and aggressiveness of pancreatic cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 1034.
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Dill CD, Harbuzariu A, Rampoldi A, Lipsey CC, Lanier V, Harmon T, Daley-Brown D, Tchio C, Candelaria P, Gonzalez-Perez RR. Abstract 1026: PEG-LPrA2 is a non-toxic adjuvant for triple negative breast cancer. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-1026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive cancer with poor prognosis and is difficult to treat. Current standard therapy for the disease includes a combination of chemotherapeutic drugs: doxorubicin (DOX), paclitaxel (TAX), and cyclophosphamide (CTX). These drugs are ineffective as they exhibit shortcomings and several side effects. TNBC patients develop chemoresistance that may be enhanced by leptin, which affects survival, proliferation, and angiogenesis. Our lab developed and tested a novel and specific inhibitor of leptin signaling, LPrA2. A pegylated derivative of LPrA2 (PEG-LPrA2), with enhanced bioavailability, was successfully used in mouse breast cancer models. Preliminary data showed that PEG-LPrA2 was non-toxic in vitro. Therefore, it is hypothesized that PEG-LPrA2 is not toxic in vivo.
Methods: To determine potential toxicity of PEG-LPrA2, in vitro and in vivo assays were performed. In vitro toxicity of PEG-LPrA2 was tested in a human non-malignant mammary epithelial cell line (MCF-10A). MCF-10A cells were cultured in 96 well plates (5,000 cells/ well) and grown to 70-80% confluence. Cells were treated with PEG-LPrA2 for 24 hrs and viability was determined via MTT assay. In vivo toxicity studies were performed in obese mice. Fifty-seven, eight week old C57BL/6J mice (Charles River Laboratories) were divided into 6 groups. Control mice were fed a low fat diet (10% Kcal from fat) and the rest of the mice were fed a high fat diet (60% Kcal from fat) for 11 weeks. Obesity was characterized as body weight (BW) ≥ 25% BW of control mice. Obese mice were divided into six groups (n = 7/each). Mice were injected with 50 μL of either Sc-PEG-LPrA2 (scramble control) or active inhibitor, PEG-LPrA2, (0.1 mM, 1 mM, or 5 mM) two times a week, for eight weeks. Blood chemistries were analyzed. Additionally, heart, liver, and kidney tissue were harvested and examined to determine toxicity. The tissues were probed for OB-R via immuno histochemistry.
Results: The results showed no changes in BW or food intake. Additionally, no evident changes in blood parameters and organ histology were found.
Conclusions: PEG-LPrA2 is non-toxic and could serve as an adjuvant therapy for standard TNBC chemotherapeutics.
Citation Format: Courtney D. Dill, Adriana Harbuzariu, Antonio Rampoldi, Crystal C. Lipsey, Viola Lanier, Tia Harmon, Danielle Daley-Brown, Cynthia Tchio, Pierre Candelaria, Ruben Rene Gonzalez-Perez. PEG-LPrA2 is a non-toxic adjuvant for triple negative breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 1026.
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Rampoldi A, Harbuzariu A, Harmon TL, Gonzalez-Perez RR. Abstract 1006: Novel adjuvants in triple negative breast cancer chemotherapy. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-1006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Obese patients develop more frequently triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) that has not target therapy and are commonly treated with chemotherapeutics. Leptin, whose levels are elevated in obesity, can induce TNBC proliferation, angiogenesis and resistance to chemotherapeutics. An antagonist for leptin receptor OB-R, leptin peptide receptor antagonist 2 (LPrA2), has been shown to block leptin signaling and decrease tumor progression. LPrA2 also countervails leptin induced resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. We used pegylation or iron oxide nanoparticle (IONPs) as adjuvants to increase LPrA2 solubility, stability and effectiveness.
Hypothesis: Conjugated LPrA2 will decrease TNBC cells proliferation, expression of leptin target molecules and tumorigenesis.
Methods: Human TNBC and murine breast adenocarcinoma derived cell line E0771 (progesterone and HER2 receptor negative) were used. The E0771 cell line was generated from an estrogen receptor positive (ER+) mammary adenocarcinoma isolated from a C57BL/6J mouse. E0771 was made insensitive to estrogen by treatment with drug Tamoxifen (TAM) mimicking TNBC. To specifically assess the role of RBP-Jk (CBS/CSL, an essential transcription factor for Notch signaling) the CRISPR/Cas9 system was used to disrupt RBP-JK gene expression in both wild-type and TAM treated E0771 cells. Cells were treated with chemotherapeutics (Paclitaxel, Doxorubicine, Ciclophosphamide) in presence of leptin and LPrA2-conjugates. The expression of leptin-targeted molecules, Breast Cancer Stem Cells (BCSC) and EMT markers were analyzed after cell treatment.
Results: Chemotherapeutics effects on proliferation, survival and molecular markers were modified by the addition of LPrA2-conjugates. Notch molecules (receptors and ligands) were downregulated by LPrA2 treatment.
Conclusion: The current data indicate that Leptin inhibition could be used as an adjuvant for chemotherapeutic treatments in TNBC patients. LPrA2-conjugates could increase the efficacy of chemotherapy.
Acknowledgements: This work was partially supported by the National Institute of Health and National Cancer Institute Grant U54 CA118638, NIH/SBIR 1R41CA183399-01A1, and DOD Idea Award BC W81XWH-13-1-0382 to RRGP; and facilities, and support services at Morehouse School of Medicine (NIH RR03034 and 1C06 RR18386) and NIH/NCRR grant 1G12RR026250-03.
Citation Format: Antonio Rampoldi, Adriana Harbuzariu, Tia L. Harmon, Ruben R. Gonzalez-Perez. Novel adjuvants in triple negative breast cancer chemotherapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 1006.
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Harmon TL, Harbuzariu A, Rampoldi A, Dill C, Lanier V, Daley-Brown D, Lipsey C, Tchio C, Yang L, Gonzalez-Perez RR. Abstract 2079: IONP-LPrA2 and PEG-LPrA2 therapies for triple negative breast cancer. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-2079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer (BC) is an epidemic in the US. It is estimated that there will be over 230,000 new BC diagnoses in 2016. Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) comprises ∼15% of BC cases and lacks targeted therapeutic options. Obesity and high leptin levels are associated with higher TNBC incidence and poorer patient outcomes. Overexpression of leptin and its receptor, Ob-R, induce BC cell growth and angiogenesis; therefore leptin/Ob-R may serve as a TNBC therapeutic target. We have developed a Leptin Peptide Receptor Antagonist, LPrA2, which effectively inhibits leptin signaling. To increase its efficacy LPrA2
was coupled to iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) and polyethylene glycol (PEG), and subsequently tested in vitro and in vivo in obese mice hosting syngeneic TNBC-like mammary tumors.
Methods: The conjugation of LPrA2 to IONPs and PEG was confirmed by immunoblotting analysis. E0771, mouse BC cells, which are progesterone receptor and HER2 negative were made insensitive to estrogen stimuli by long-term treatment with Tamoxifen (TAM). Cell cycle and MTT assays were performed to determine the effectiveness of leptin signaling inhibition by conjugated LPrA2 in vitro. C57BL/6 female mice were fed a 60% fat diet
to induce obesity. The obese mice were injected with E0771-TAM cells in the mammary fat pad and treated with IONP-LPrA2 and PEG-LPrA2 after tumor development. Obese mice treated with IONP-LPrA2 Scramble (Sc) and PEG-LPrA2 Sc served as negative controls.
Results and Conclusion: IONP-LPrA2 and PEG-LPrA2 attenuated leptin signaling in vitro and decreased tumor growth and progression in vivo in comparison to the controls. These findings indicate that conjugated LPrA2
may serve as a targeted therapy for TNBC. IONP-LPrA2 may be especially useful in treating this more aggressive form of BC due to its ability to capture multiple LPrA2 peptides as well as its small and uniform particle size.
Citation Format: Tia L. Harmon, Adriana Harbuzariu, Antonio Rampoldi, Courtney Dill, Viola Lanier, Danielle Daley-Brown, Crystal Lipsey, Cynthia Tchio, Lily Yang, Ruben Rene Gonzalez-Perez. IONP-LPrA2 and PEG-LPrA2 therapies for triple negative breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 2079.
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Mutignani M, Manta R, Pugliese F, Rampoldi A, Dioscoridi L, Forti E. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided duodenojejunal anastomosis to treat postsurgical Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy stricture: a dream or a reality? Endoscopy 2016. [PMID: 26218044 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1392424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
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Baroni M, Nava S, Giupponi L, Meani P, Panzeri F, Varrenti M, Maloberti A, Soriano F, Agrati AM, Ferraro G, Colombo F, Rampoldi A, Mancia G, Colombo P, Klugmann S, Giannattasio C. Erratum to: Effects of Renal Sympathetic Denervation on Arterial Stiffness and Blood Pressure Control in Resistant Hypertensive Patients: A Single Centre Prospective Study. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2015; 22:451. [DOI: 10.1007/s40292-015-0124-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Baroni M, Nava S, Giupponi L, Meani P, Panzeri F, Varrenti M, Maloberti A, Soriano F, Agrati AM, Ferraro G, Colombo F, Rampoldi A, Mancia G, Colombo P, Klugmann S, Giannattasio C. Effects of Renal Sympathetic Denervation on Arterial Stiffness and Blood Pressure Control in Resistant Hypertensive Patients: A Single Centre Prospective Study. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2015; 22:411-6. [PMID: 26458940 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-015-0121-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal denervation (RD) is an intriguing treatment strategy for resistant hypertension. However, limited data are available about its long time efficacy as well as its effects on intermediate phenotypes like arterial stiffness and carotid IMT. 12 patients (9 males, mean 69 years) with resistant hypertension underwent bilateral RDN (Medtronic System) since April 2012 in Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital (Milan). Patients were studied before intervention, and at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after RD. Carotid intima media thickness (Esaote Mylab) and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (Complior, Alam medical) were assessed at each step. Compared to baseline, patients showed a marked reduction of office systolic blood pressure at each follow-up step (p < 0.05 versus baseline for all steps) as well as pulse wave velocity (p < 0.01 at 1 year versus baseline). Moreover, reduction in pulse wave velocity was higher than the expected value obtained only considering blood pressure drop. Conversely, no significant effect was observed on diastolic blood pressure as well as carotid intima-media thickness. In our study, renal denervation was a safe and effective procedure. The BP lowering effect was maintained during follow-up and a beneficial effect on arterial stiffness was observed, which implies that this effect can't passively originate from the BP fall but rather from an improvement of arterial mechanical properties, possibly related to a reduced sympathetic arterial drive.
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De Biase A, Varrenti M, Meani P, Cesana F, Pirola R, Giupponi L, Alloni M, Vallerio P, Moreo A, Rampoldi A, Giannattasio C. Renal artery stenosis as the cause of resistant arterial hypertension: an unusual technique for revascularization. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2014; 16:536-7. [PMID: 24754495 DOI: 10.1111/jch.12331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Magnone S, Coccolini F, Manfredi R, Piazzalunga D, Agazzi R, Arici C, Barozzi M, Bellanova G, Belluati A, Berlot G, Biffl W, Camagni S, Campanati L, Castelli CC, Catena F, Chiara O, Colaianni N, De Masi S, Di Saverio S, Dodi G, Fabbri A, Faustinelli G, Gambale G, Capponi MG, Lotti M, Marchesi G, Massè A, Mastropietro T, Nardi G, Niola R, Nita GE, Pisano M, Poiasina E, Poletti E, Rampoldi A, Ribaldi S, Rispoli G, Rizzi L, Sonzogni V, Tugnoli G, Ansaloni L. Management of hemodynamically unstable pelvic trauma: results of the first Italian consensus conference (cooperative guidelines of the Italian Society of Surgery, the Italian Association of Hospital Surgeons, the Multi-specialist Italian Society of Young Surgeons, the Italian Society of Emergency Surgery and Trauma, the Italian Society of Anesthesia, Analgesia, Resuscitation and Intensive Care, the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, the Italian Society of Emergency Medicine, the Italian Society of Medical Radiology -Section of Vascular and Interventional Radiology- and the World Society of Emergency Surgery). World J Emerg Surg 2014; 9:18. [PMID: 24606950 PMCID: PMC3975341 DOI: 10.1186/1749-7922-9-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemodynamically Unstable Pelvic Trauma is a major problem in blunt traumatic injury. No cosensus has been reached in literature on the optimal treatment of this condition. We present the results of the First Italian Consensus Conference on Pelvic Trauma which took place in Bergamo on April 13 2013. An extensive review of the literature has been undertaken by the Organizing Committee (OC) and forwarded to the Scientific Committee (SC) and the Panel (JP). Members of them were appointed by surgery, critical care, radiology, emergency medicine and orthopedics Italian and International societies: the Italian Society of Surgery, the Italian Association of Hospital Surgeons, the Multi-specialist Italian Society of Young Surgeons, the Italian Society of Emergency Surgery and Trauma, the Italian Society of Anesthesia, Analgesia, Resuscitation and Intensive Care, the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, the Italian Society of Emergency Medicine, the Italian Society of Medical Radiology, Section of Vascular and Interventional Radiology and the World Society of Emergency Surgery. From November 2012 to January 2013 the SC undertook the critical revision and prepared the presentation to the audience and the Panel on the day of the Conference. Then 3 recommendations were presented according to the 3 submitted questions. The Panel voted the recommendations after discussion and amendments with the audience. Later on a email debate took place until December 2013 to reach a unanimous consent. We present results on the 3 following questions: which hemodynamically unstable patient needs an extraperitoneal pelvic packing? Which hemodynamically unstable patient needs an external fixation? Which hemodynamically unstable patient needs emergent angiography? No longer angiography is considered the first therapeutic maneuver in such a patient. Preperitoneal pelvic packing and external fixation, preceded by pelvic binder have a pivotal role in the management of these patients. Hemodynamically Unstable Pelvic Trauma is a frequent death cause among people who sustain blunt trauma. We present the results of the First Italian Consensus Conference.
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Zavaglia C, Mancuso A, Foschi A, Rampoldi A. High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: is it time to abandon standard ablative percutaneous treatments? Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr 2014; 2:184-7. [PMID: 24570943 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2304-3881.2013.05.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Botta L, Fratto P, Cannata A, Bruschi G, Rampoldi A, Martinelli L. Aortic-arch Reconstruction with Bolton Medical Branched Thoracic Stent Graft. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2013.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Jacobsen M, Cirera S, Joller D, Esteso G, Kracht SS, Edfors I, Bendixen C, Archibald AL, Vogeli P, Neuenschwander S, Bertschinger HU, Rampoldi A, Andersson L, Fredholm M, Jørgensen CB. Characterisation of five candidate genes within the ETEC F4ab/ac candidate region in pigs. BMC Res Notes 2011; 4:225. [PMID: 21718470 PMCID: PMC3160978 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-4-225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2011] [Accepted: 06/30/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) that express the F4ab and F4ac fimbriae is a major contributor to diarrhoea outbreaks in the pig breeding industry, infecting both newborn and weaned piglets. Some pigs are resistant to this infection, and susceptibility is inherited as a simple dominant Mendelian trait. Indentifying the genetics behind this trait will greatly benefit pig welfare as well as the pig breeding industry by providing an opportunity to select against genetically susceptible animals, thereby reducing the number of diarrhoea outbreaks. The trait has recently been mapped by haplotype sharing to a 2.5 Mb region on pig chromosome 13, a region containing 18 annotated genes. Findings The coding regions of five candidate genes for susceptibility to ETEC F4ab/ac infection (TFRC, ACK1, MUC20, MUC4 and KIAA0226), all located in the 2.5 Mb region, were investigated for the presence of possible causative mutations. A total of 34 polymorphisms were identified in either coding regions or their flanking introns. The genotyping data for two of those were found to perfectly match the genotypes at the ETEC F4ab/ac locus, a G to C polymorphism in intron 11 of TFRC and a C to T silent polymorphism in exon 22 of KIAA0226. Transcriptional profiles of the five genes were investigated in a porcine tissue panel including various intestinal tissues. All five genes were expressed in intestinal tissues at different levels but none of the genes were found differentially expressed between ETEC F4ab/ac resistant and ETEC F4ab/ac susceptible animals in any of the tested tissues. Conclusions None of the identified polymorphisms are obvious causative mutations for ETEC F4ab/ac susceptibility, as they have no impact on the level of the overall mRNA expression nor predicted to influence the composition of the amino acids composition. However, we cannot exclude that the five tested genes are bona fide candidate genes for susceptibility to ETEC F4ab/ac infection since the identified polymorphism might affect the translational apparatus, alternative splice forms may exist and post translational mechanisms might contribute to disease susceptibility.
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Airoldi A, Vangeli M, Vizzutti F, Pinzani M, Minola E, Rampoldi A, Pinzello G. Expanding the severity range of polytetrafluoroethylene-related hepatic outflow occlusion. Liver Int 2009; 29:1288-9. [PMID: 19515219 DOI: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2009.02057.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
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