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Wang CJ, Ko JY, Chan YS, Lee MS, Chen JM, Wang FS, Yang KD, Huang CC. Extracorporeal shockwave for hip necrosis in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2010; 18:1082-6. [PMID: 19762382 DOI: 10.1177/0961203309103151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) frequently received corticosteroid therapy, resulting in osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). Prior studies demonstrated the effectiveness of extracorporeal shockwave treatment (ESWT) for ONFH.. This study evaluated the effectiveness of ESWT for ONFH in patients with SLE. We studied 39 patients, including 15 patients with SLE (26 hips) and 24 controls (29 hips). To each affected hip we applied ESWT (6000 impulses at 28 kV in a single session). Patients were ambulated with partial weight bearing for 4-6 weeks. The primary endpoint was the need for hip replacement. The secondary endpoints were improvement in hip pain and function and image changes on X-ray and MRI. Patients received total hip replacement in 12% of patients with SLE and in 14% of controls (P = 0.802). There was no statistically significant difference in pain scores (0.86 vs. 0.89; P = 0.467) and function scores (89% vs. 91%; P = 0.194) between patients with SLE and controls. SLE response to ESWT for ONFH is comparable with ONFH in patients without SLE.
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Schiborra A, Gierus M, Wan HW, Glindemann T, Wang CJ, Susenbeth A, Taube F. Dietary selection of sheep grazing the semi-arid grasslands of Inner Mongolia, China at different grazing intensities. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2009; 94:446-54. [PMID: 19663974 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2009.00928.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate dietary selection of sheep grazing semi-arid grassland in Inner Mongolia, China, using the difference in organic matter digestibility (OMD) of herbage ingested and herbage on offer as indicator for selection. Faecal N was used as digestibility index for herbage ingested (FOMD), while OMD of herbage on offer (GOMD) was estimated from gas production obtained by the Hohenheim gas test. It was hypothesized that the difference between FOMD and GOMD is high, when grazing animals select against low quality herbage provided that herbage is abundant. In a grazing experiment, six grazing intensities (1.5, 3.0, 4.5, 6.0, 7.5 and 9.0 sheep/ha), representing light to very heavy grazing intensity for the semi-arid grassland, were compared. The amount of herbage on offer decreased with increasing grazing intensity. Independent statistical analysis of FOMD and GOMD showed that the differences between grazing intensities for both OMD determinations (FOMD: 54.0-57.3%, GOMD: 55.2-57.5%) were not significant (p > 0.05). The difference between FOMD and GOMD was not significant for grazing intensities, but varied between sampling periods from -4 to 1 percentage units. In conclusion, the lack of significance for the difference between FOMD and GOMD suggests that for the semi-arid grassland of Inner Mongolia, China, sheep did not select their feed due to a homogeneous nutritional composition of herbage on offer in 2005, regardless of grazing intensity.
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Wang CJ, Lam W, Bussom S, Chang HM, Cheng YC. TREX1 acts in degrading damaged DNA from drug-treated tumor cells. DNA Repair (Amst) 2009; 8:1179-89. [PMID: 19617005 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2009.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2009] [Revised: 06/03/2009] [Accepted: 06/05/2009] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The major mammalian exonuclease TREX1 has been proposed to play a role in DNA repair and drug resistance. However, no cellular evidence substantiates this claim. Recent reports indicate TREX1's involvement in autoimmunity. To further understand its role, we studied TREX1 expression and functionality in anticancer drug-treated tumor cells. We report that the expression and localization of TREX1 are cell-type dependent. Camptothecin and other DNA damaging agents induced both TREX1 protein and its mRNA in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Using a TREX1-inducible cell line, we performed clonogenic assays and found no change in sensitivity of the cells to the agents upon TREX1 induction, suggesting that TREX1 may not play a role in DNA repair or drug sensitivity. Nevertheless, TREX1 serves as a key enzyme in the degradation of DNA from dying cells leading to less cellular DNA. Ubiquitously expressed in normal tissues, TREX1 may act in degrading DNA in all cell types undergoing a dying process before phagocytosis occurs.
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Abstract
Quality indicators are systematically developed statements that can be used to assess the appropriateness of specific healthcare decisions, services and outcomes. In this review, the range and type of indicators that have been developed for children in the UK and USA by prominent governmental agencies and private organisations are highlighted. These indicators are classified in an effort to identify areas of child health that may lack quality measures. The current state of health information technology in both countries is reviewed, since these systems are vital to quality efforts. Finally, several recommendations are proposed to advance the quality indicator development agenda for children. The convergence of quality measurement and indicator development, a growing scientific evidence base and integrated information systems in healthcare may lead to substantial improvements for child health in the 21st century.
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Hwang JS, Chen JF, Yang TS, Wu DJ, Tsai KS, Ho C, Wu CH, Su SL, Wang CJ, Tu ST. The effects of strontium ranelate in Asian women with postmenopausal osteoporosis. Calcif Tissue Int 2008; 83:308-14. [PMID: 18843436 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-008-9180-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2008] [Accepted: 09/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of strontium ranelate in the treatment of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis in Taiwan. In this 12-month multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 125 women with osteoporosis were randomly given either strontium ranelate 2 g daily or placebo. Lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total-hip bone mineral density (BMD) and biochemical markers of bone turnover were measured; adverse events and tolerability were recorded and assessed. Subjects treated with strontium ranelate showed significant increases in BMD of 5.9% at the lumbar spine, 2.6% at the femoral neck, and 2.7% at the total hip, while the placebo group exhibited no significant change at 12 months. Serum level of a formation marker (bone-specific alkaline phosphatase) was also significantly increased at 6 and 12 months. Thus, although the sample size and the treatment duration of this study could not show its effect of reducing osteoprotic fractures, strontium ranelate showed bone protection effects by increasing BMD and concentrations of a bone formation marker. Safety assessment revealed adverse events were mild and not significantly different from placebo.
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Shi JF, Wang CJ, Berryman F, Hart W. The effect of polyethylene thickness in fixed- and mobile-bearing total knee replacements. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2008; 222:657-67. [DOI: 10.1243/09544119jeim336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this paper fixed- and mobile-bearing implants were simulated using a multibody dynamic model and a finite element model to investigate the contact pressure distribution in the ultra high molecular weight polyethylene tibial bearing component. The thickness of polyethylene varied from 6.8 to 12.3 mm and the polyethylene was modelled as a non-linear material. It was found that the contact pressure on the polyethylene decreased in the fixed-bearing implant when the thickness of polyethylene increased from 6.8 to 8 and 9.6 mm, but there was little further decrease in pressure with the increase of polyethylene thickness from 9.6 to 11.0 and 12.3 mm. In the mobile-bearing implant, no increase in contact pressure on the superior surface was found with the increase in the thickness of the polyethylene; however, the contact pressures on the inferior contact surface of the thicker designs were higher than those in the 6.8 mm design. The numerical results obtained in this paper are in good agreement with published experimental test results. Moreover, the paper presents a detailed pressure distribution on the tibial bearing component during a full gait cycle.
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Oh J, Wang CJ, Poole M, Kim E, Davis RC, Nishimura I, Pae EK. A genome segment on mouse chromosome 12 determines maxillary growth. J Dent Res 2008; 86:1203-6. [PMID: 18037656 DOI: 10.1177/154405910708601212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary and modifier genes that regulate normal maxillofacial development are unknown. Previous quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses using the F2 progeny of 2 mouse strains, DBA/2J (short snout/wide face) and C57BL/6J (long snout/narrow face), revealed a significant logarithm-of-odds (LOD) score for snout length on mouse chromosome 12 at 44 centimorgan (cM). We further sought to validate this locus contributing to anterior-posterior dimensions of the upper mid-face at the D12Mit7 marker in a 44-centimorgan portion of chromosome 12. Congenic mice carrying introgressed DNA from DBA/2J on a C57BL/6J background were selected for submental vertex cephalometric imaging. Results confirmed QTLs, determining that short snout length (P < 0.05) and face width relative to snout length (P < 0.01) were present in the 44-cM region of chromosome 12. We conclude that one or more genes contributing to the shape of the maxillary complex are located near 44 cM of mouse chromosome 12.
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Shi JF, Wang CJ, Laoui T, Hart W, Hall R. A dynamic model of simulating stress distribution in the distal femur after total knee replacement. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2007; 221:903-12. [PMID: 18161250 DOI: 10.1243/09544119jeim256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study has been to develop a dynamic model of the knee joint after total knee replacement (TKR) to analyse the stress distribution in the distal femur during daily activities. Using MSC/ADAMS and MSC/MARC software, a dynamic model of an implanted knee joint has been developed. This model consists of the components of the knee prosthesis as well as the bones and ligaments of the knee. The femur, tibia, fibula, and patella have been modelled as mixed cortico-cancellous bone. The distal part of femur has been modelled as a flexible body with springs used to simulate the ligaments positioned at their anatomical insertion points. With this dynamic model a gait cycle was simulated. Stress shielding was identified in the distal femur after TKR, which is consistent with other investigators' results. Interestingly, higher stresses were found in the bone adjacent to the femoral component peg. This dynamic model can now be used to analyse the stress distribution in the distal femur with different load conditions. This will help to improve implant designs and will allow comparison of prostheses from different manufacturers.
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Wang CJ, Soong YK, Lee CL. Laparoscopic myomectomy for large intramural and submucous fibroids. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2007; 97:206-7. [PMID: 17434517 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2007.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2006] [Revised: 02/13/2007] [Accepted: 02/15/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Yang G, Dutschman GE, Wang CJ, Tanaka H, Baba M, Anderson KS, Cheng YC. Highly selective action of triphosphate metabolite of 4'-ethynyl D4T: a novel anti-HIV compound against HIV-1 RT. Antiviral Res 2006; 73:185-91. [PMID: 17109975 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2006.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2006] [Revised: 10/04/2006] [Accepted: 10/05/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
2',3'-Didehydro-3'-deoxy-4'-ethynylthymidine (4'-Ed4T), is a recently discovered nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) showing a 5- to 10-fold greater anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) activity and less cellular and mitochondrial toxicity than its parental compound, stavudine (D4T). It is also active against a variety of NRTI-resistant HIV-1 mutants under non-cytotoxic concentrations. In this study, the effects of 4'-Ed4TTP, which is the triphosphate metabolite of 4'-Ed4T, on HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) activity were investigated. We found that 4'-Ed4TTP was a substrate of HIV-1 RT serving as a DNA chain terminator, and it inhibited the DNA polymerase activity of RT more efficiently than D4TTP. The value of Ki(4'-Ed4TTP)/Km(dTTP) is 0.15 for DNA/RNA primer/template duplex (P/T), but 0.7 for DNA/DNA P/T, suggesting 4'-Ed4TTP inhibits RT more efficiently during RNA-dependent DNA synthesis than DNA-dependent DNA synthesis. 4'-Ed4TTP was also found to inhibit the 3TC (Lamivudine)-resistant RT mutant, M184V, with 3-fold less efficiency than the wild type (wt) RT. 4'-Ed4TTP showed much less inhibitory effects toward major host DNA polymerases. Overall, our results suggest that 4'-Ed4TTP is the active form for anti-HIV-1 activity via its inhibitory effect against RT.
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Wang CJ, Yuen LT, Lee CL, Kay N, Soong YK. Laparoscopic myomectomy for large uterine fibroids. A comparative study. Surg Endosc 2006; 20:1427-30. [PMID: 16703432 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-005-0509-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2005] [Accepted: 01/05/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The goal of this study was to examine the safety and feasibility of laparoscopic myomectomy (LM) for the management of symptomatic intramural uterine fibroids with weight greater than 80 g as compared to those less than 80 g. METHODS In a prospective comparative study, 176 women with symptomatic uterine fibroids were scheduled for LM. They were divided into two groups, one with main uterine fibroid (intramural type) weight greater than 80 g and the other with fibroid weight less than 80 g. Outcome measures for the two groups were studied in terms of operation time, amount of blood loss, requirement of blood transfusion, and length of hospital stay. RESULT Operation time and amount of blood loss were significantly greater in the group with fibroid > or = 80 g than in the group < 80 g (121.5 +/- 58.9 min versus 79.1 +/- 28.6 min, p < 0.001; and 346.3 +/- 299.6 ml versus 123.0 +/- 89.7 ml, p < 0.001, respectively). However, there was no difference in the length of hospital stay and overall incidence of operative complications between these two groups. None of the women had any major complications. Nevertheless, 11 minor complications were noted, including two pelvic abscesses requiring a second laparoscopic treatment. There was no incidence of switching to laparatomy during the operation. Extreme intraoperative hemorrhage of more than 1000 ml occurred in 8 patients; however, all progressed to full recovery after blood transfusion. Rate of blood transfusion was significantly lower in the group with fibroid < 80 g (3.2% versus 22.1%, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Despite the increased operation time and blood loss, LM can be safely performed in the treatment of large uterine fibroid. However, high risk of blood transfusion in these patients has to be kept in mind.
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Huang EY, Wang CJ, Hsu HC, Sun LM. Characteristics and predictive factors of early-onset diarrhoea during pelvic irradiation. Br J Radiol 2006; 79:419-24. [PMID: 16632623 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/51376226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
This study reported characteristics and predictive factors of early-onset diarrhoea in patients receiving pelvic irradiation. We retrospectively reviewed 229 patients undergoing radiotherapy alone for cervical or uterine cancer. Oral barium was taken 90 min before simulation. According to contrast medium within small intestine only or colon in simulation films, we categorised patients as normal and rapid transit groups. Small or large volume of small-bowel was also evaluated according to barium distribution of simulation films. Whole-pelvic irradiation (39.6-45 Gy/22-25 fractions) was delivered to all patients initially. We recorded the onset of diarrhoea during pelvic irradiation. The rates of early-onset diarrhoea (<10 Gy) were compared between these two groups. The incidence of diarrhoea before 10 Gy was 7% and 17% (p = 0.138) in patients with normal and rapid transit, respectively. In multivariate analysis, interaction among rapid transit, prior abdomen operation and large small-bowel volume (p = 0.019) were noted for early-onset diarrhoea. Further subgroup analysis revealed that rapid transit (p = 0.046) was a significant factor in patients with both prior abdominal operation and large small-bowel volume. The incidence of early-onset diarrhoea was as high as 40% in this particular group. Patients experiencing early-onset diarrhoea had a higher incidence of moderate to severe diarrhoea (65%) than those without early-onset diarrhoea (23%) (p<0.001). In multivariate analysis, early-onset diarrhoea was the only factor of moderate to severe diarrhoea (p = 0.001). In conclusion, rapid small-bowel transit may be predisposed to early-onset diarrhoea during pelvic radiotherapy in patients with both prior abdominal operations and large small-bowel volume. Early-onset diarrhoea is considered as a predictive factor of diarrhoea of a higher grade.
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Hwang JS, Tu ST, Yang TS, Chen JF, Wang CJ, Tsai KS. Teriparatide vs. calcitonin in the treatment of Asian postmenopausal women with established osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int 2006; 17:373-8. [PMID: 16421647 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-005-2002-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2005] [Accepted: 07/26/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This study compared the clinical efficacy, safety, and tolerability of daily subcutaneous injections of teriparatide and salmon calcitonin in the treatment of postmenopausal women with established osteoporosis in Taiwan. This 6-month, multicenter, randomized, controlled study enrolled 63 women with established osteoporosis. They were randomized to receive either teriparatide 20 microg or calcitonin 100 IU daily in an open-label fashion. Lumber spine, femoral neck, total hip bone mineral density (BMD), and biochemical markers of bone turnover were measured, and adverse events and tolerability were recorded. The results at 6 months showed that patients using teriparatide had larger mean increases in spinal BMD than those who used calcitonin (4.5% vs. 0.1%), but the BMD changes in these two groups at the femoral neck and the total hip were not significant. There were also larger mean increases in bone markers in the teriparatide group than in the calcitonin group (bone specific alkaline phosphatase 142% vs. 37%; osteocalcin 154% vs. 23%). We conclude that teriparatide has more positive effects on bone formation than salmon calcitonin, as shown by the larger increments of lumbar spine BMD and bone formation markers, and caused only mild adverse events and no significant change in liver, kidney or hematological parameters. Compared with the published global results, teriparatide seems to be equally effective and safe to use in this Asian population.
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Yen CP, Hwang TY, Wang CJ, Howng SL. Fracture of anterior cervical plate implant--report of two cases. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2005; 147:665-7; discussion 667. [PMID: 15806329 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-005-0518-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2004] [Accepted: 02/13/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Anterior cervical plate is a convenient and popular implant employed after corpectomy and bone grafting for traumatic or degenerative cervical spine disease. Although short-segment anterior cervical surgery may adequately be managed with anterior plate fixation alone, multilevel anterior cervical constructs exhibit a relatively high complication rate warranting a simultaneous posterior fusion. We report two patients undergoing two-level anterior corpectomy/fusion with a fixed anterior plate alone and exhibiting plate fracture in conjunction with pseudoarthrosis. The instrument failure was mainly attributed to pseudoarthrosis. However, improper contouring of the plate causing microstructural damage might create a weak point and contributed to this unusual hardware failure.
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Peng CH, Huang CN, Wang CJ. The Anti-Tumor Effect and Mechanisms of Action of Penta-Acetyl Geniposide. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2005; 5:299-305. [PMID: 15975050 DOI: 10.2174/1568009054064633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Gardenia, the fruit of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, has been widely used to treat liver and gall bladder disorders in Chinese medicine. It has been shown recently that geniposide, the main ingredient of Gardenia Fructus, exhibits the anti-tumor effect. In this review, we discuss the anti-tumor effect and possible mechanisms of a derivative from Gardenia Fructus, penta-acetyl geniposide ((Ac)5GP). It has been demonstrated that (Ac)5GP plays more potent roles than geniposide in chemoprevention. (Ac)5GP decreased DNA damage and hepatocarcinogenesis induced by aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) by activating the phase II enzymes glutathione S-transferase (GST) and GSH peroxidase (GSH-Px). It reduced the growth and development of inoculated C6 glioma cells especially in pre-treated rats. In addition to the preventive effect, (Ac)5GP exerts its actions on apoptosis and growth arrest. Treatment of (Ac)5GP caused DNA fragmentation of glioma cells. (Ac)5GP induced sub- G1 peak through the activation of apoptotic cascades PKCdelta/JNK/Fas/caspase8 and caspase 3. Besides, p53/Bax signaling was suggested to be involved in (Ac)5GP-induced apoptosis, though its downstream cascades needs further clarified. (Ac)5GP has also been shown to inhibit DNA synthesis of tumor cells. It arrested cell cycle at G0/ G1 by inducing the expression of p21, thus suppressing the cyclin D1/cdk4 complex formation and the phosphorylation of E2F. The phosphorylation status of p53 on serine 392 correlated with the process of growth arrest. Evidences from the in vivo experiments showed that (Ac)5GP is not harmful to liver, heart and kidney. In conclusion, (Ac)5GP is highly suggested to be an anti-tumor agent for development in the future.
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Huang YN, Wang CJ, Riande E. Superdipole liquid scenario for the dielectric primary relaxation in supercooled polar liquids. J Chem Phys 2005; 122:144502. [PMID: 15847540 DOI: 10.1063/1.1872773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We propose a dynamic structure of coupled dynamic molecular strings for supercooled small polar molecule liquids and accordingly we obtain the Hamiltonian of the rotational degrees of freedom of the system. From the Hamiltonian, the strongly correlated supercooled polar liquid state is renormalized to a normal superdipole liquid state. This scenario describes the following main features of the primary or alpha-relaxation dynamics in supercooled polar liquids: (1) the average relaxation time evolves from a high temperature Arrhenius to a low temperature non-Arrhenius or super-Arrhenius behavior; (2) the relaxation function crosses over from the high temperature exponential to low temperature nonexponential form; and (3) the temperature dependence of the relaxation strength shows non-Curie features. According to the present model, the crossover phenomena of the first two characteristics arise from the transition between the superdipole gas and the superdipole liquid. The model predictions are quantitatively compared with the experimental results of glycerol, a typical glass former.
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Lai SC, Twu JJ, Jiang ST, Hsu JD, Chen KM, Chiaing HC, Wang CJ, Tseng CK, Shyu LY, Lee HH. Induction of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in murine eosinophilic meningitis caused by Angiostrongylus cantonensis. ANNALS OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND PARASITOLOGY 2005; 98:715-24. [PMID: 15509425 DOI: 10.1179/000349804225021479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system. In the present study, a gelatinase was found to be induced in parasitic meningitis caused, in mice, by Angiostrongylus cantonensis. The enzyme had a molecular weight of about 94 kDa, showed maximal activity between pH 6 and pH 8, and was clearly inhibited by EDTA and 1,10-phenanthroline but not by leupeptin or phenylmethanesulphonyl fluoride. When samples of cerebrospinal fluid from the mice with meningitis were blotted with specific antiserum against gelatinase B (MMP-9), a 94-kDa immunopositive band was observed, indicating that the induced gelatinase was MMP-9. In the A. cantonensis-infected mice, immuno-histochemistry demonstrated MMP-9 within the endothelial cells lining the vascular spaces of the brain and in the leucocytes that were found, in aggregates, in the subarachnoid space. Leucocytes may play an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory disorders of the central nervous system.
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Lan KP, Wang CJ, Hsu JD, Chen KM, Lai SC, Lee HH. Induced eosinophilia and proliferation in Angiostrongylus cantonensis-infected mouse brain are associated with the induction of JAK/STAT1, IAP/NF-kappaB and MEKK1/JNK signals. J Helminthol 2005; 78:311-7. [PMID: 15575987 DOI: 10.1079/joh2004256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Eosinophilic meningitis or meningoencephalitis caused by Angiostrongylus cantonensis is endemic to the Pacific area of Asia, especially Taiwan, Thailand, and Japan. Although eosinophilia is an important clinical manifestation of A. cantonensis infection, the role of eosinophils in the progress of the infection remains to be elucidated. In this experiment, we show that A. cantonensis-induced eosinophilia and inflammation might lead to the induction of IAP/NF-kappaB, JAK/STAT1 and MEKK1/JNK signals. The phosphorylation levels of JAK and JNK, STAT1, IAP, NF-kappaB and MEKK1 protein products were significantly increased after 12 days or 15 days of A. cantonensis infection. However, no significant differences in MAPKs such as Raf, MEK-1, ERK1/2 and p38 expression were found between control and infected mice. The activation potency of JAK/STAT1, IAP/NF-kappaB and MEKK1/JNK started increasing on day 3, with significant induction on day 12 or day 15 after A. cantonensis infection. Consistent results were noted in the pathological observations, including eosinophilia, leukocyte infiltration, granulomatous reactions, and time responses in the brain tissues of infected mice. These data suggest that the development of brain injury by eosinophilia of A. cantonensis infection is associated with activation of JAK/STAT1 signals by cytokines, and/or activation of MEKK1/JNK by oxidant stress, and/or activation of NF-kappaB by increasing IAP expression.
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Lan KP, Wang CJ, Lai SC, Chen KM, Lee SS, Hsu JD, Lee HH. The efficacy of therapy with albendazole in mice with parasitic meningitis caused by Angiostrongylus cantonensis. Parasitol Res 2004; 93:311-7. [PMID: 15179507 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-004-1105-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2003] [Accepted: 02/23/2004] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) is involved in the pathogenesis of parasitic meningitis caused by the nematode Angiostrongylus cantonensis. The present study evaluated the efficacy of albendazole therapy in BALB/c mice infected with the third stage larvae of this nematode. Albendazole showed a pronounced larvicidal activity. Eosinophil numbers significantly increased in infected mice but decreased upon administration of albendazole. Densitometric scanning indicated that albendazole reduced gelatinolytic activity detected by gelatin-substrate zymography. In the cerebrospinal fluid, albendazole reduced the lytic area intensity of the 94 kDa MMP-9 band by 46.5% within 7 days, and by 51.5% by day 14. Examination of brain tissue revealed a similar pattern of decrease (48.6% by day 7, and 53.9% by day 14). Albendazole may thus be an effective compound for the treatment of angiostrongyliasis through its larvicidal activity and facilitation of an improved inflammatory response via the reduction of MMP-9 activity.
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Brown CJ, Wang CJ, Yettram AL, Procter P. Intramedullary nails with two lag screws. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2004; 19:519-25. [PMID: 15182988 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2004.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2003] [Accepted: 01/14/2004] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the structural integrity of intramedullary nails with two lag screws, and to give guidance to orthopaedic surgeons in the choice of appropriate devices. DESIGN Alternative designs of the construct are considered, and the use of a slotted upper lag screw insertion hole is analysed. BACKGROUND Intramedullary fixation devices with a single lag screw have been known to fail at the lag screw insertion hole. Using two lag screws is considered. It has also been proposed to use a slot in the nail for the upper lag screw to prevent the upper lag screw from sticking. METHODS Bending and torsion load cases are analysed using finite element method. Consideration of both load conditions is essential. RESULTS The results present the overall stiffness of the assembly, the load sharing between lag screws, and the possibility for cut-out to occur. CONCLUSIONS While the slot for the upper lag screw might be advantageous with regard to the stresses in the lag screws, it could be detrimental for cut-out occurring adjacent to the lag screws. RELEVANCE Comparative analyses demonstrate that two lag screws may be advantageous in patients whose cancellous bone quality is good and who impose large loads on the lag screw/nail interface. However, the use of two screws might pre-dispose to failure by cut-out of the lag screws. The addition of a slotted hole for the upper lag screw appears to do nothing significant to reduce the risk of such a failure.
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Tung CJ, Wang HC, Lo SH, Wu JM, Wang CJ. In vivo dosimetry for external photon treatments of head and neck cancers by diodes and TLDS. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2004; 111:45-50. [PMID: 15367767 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/nch358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In vivo dosimetry was implemented for treatments of head and neck cancers in the large fields. Diode and thermoluminescence dosemeter (TLD) measurements were carried out for the linear accelerators of 6 MV photon beams. ESTRO in vivo dosimetry protocols were followed in the determination of midline doses from measurements of entrance and exit doses. Of the fields monitored by diodes, the maximum absolute deviation of measured midline doses from planned target doses was 8%, with the mean value and the standard deviation of -1.0 and 2.7%. If planned target doses were calculated using radiological water equivalent thicknesses rather than patient geometric thicknesses, the maximum absolute deviation dropped to 4%, with the mean and the standard deviation of 0.7 and 1.8%. For in vivo dosimetry monitored by TLDs, the shift in mean dose remained small but the statistical precision became poor.
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Wang CJ, Brown CJ, Yettram AL, Procter P. Intramedullary nails: some design features of the distal end. Med Eng Phys 2003; 25:789-94. [PMID: 14519352 DOI: 10.1016/s1350-4533(03)00098-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Intramedullary nails are used to stabilise fractures of the proximal femur. The nail acts by transferring loads from the proximal fraction to the rest of the femoral shaft. The way in which this occurs depends to a large extent on the design of the distal end of the nail. This is not dissimilar to the situation with regard to load shedding (or load transfer) from the femoral component of a total hip replacement. A finite element model of a fractured femur with either a neck or a subtrochanteric fracture is set up to investigate the effects of nail length, nail distal stiffness and material stiffness on the structural behaviour of the system. Specifically what is considered is the influence of these parameters on the stress across the fracture and the normal pressure that the nail exerts on the endosteum of the femoral diaphysis. It is found that a longer nail could produce higher contact stress between the tip of the nail and the endosteum. Also, this contact stress is reduced when the distal region of the nail is made more flexible either by incorporating longitudinal slots or by using a material with a lower modulus of elasticity.
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Wang CJ, Wang JW, Weng LH, Hsu CC, Lo CF. Outcome of calf deep-vein thrombosis after total knee arthroplasty. THE JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY. BRITISH VOLUME 2003; 85:841-4. [PMID: 12931802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the outcome of deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) in the calf after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in 48 patients (45 women and three men) by clinical assessment and venographic study between three and four years after surgery. The mean age of the patients was 67.2 +/- 7.7 years (52 to 85) and the mean follow-up was 42.6 +/- 2.7 months (38 to 48). The diagnosis was osteoarthritis in 47 patients and rheumatoid arthritis in one patient. There were 44 calf thrombi, four popliteal thrombi but no thrombi in the femoral or iliac regions. Of the 48 patients, 24 were clinically symptomatic and 24 were asymptomatic. Clinical examination was carried out on 41 patients, of whom 37 underwent ascending venography. Seven were evaluated by telephone interview. No patient had the symptoms or signs of recurrent DVT, venous insufficiency in the affected leg, or a history of pulmonary embolism. No patient had been treated for complications of their DVT. Thirty-six of the 37 venographic studies were negative for either old or new DVT in the affected leg. One patient had residual thrombi in the muscular branches of the veins. Our study shows that deep-vein thromboses in the calf after TKA disappear spontaneously with time. No patient developed a recurrent DVT, proximal propagation or embolisation. Treatment of DVT in the calf after TKA should be based on the severity of the symptoms during the immediate postoperative period.
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Hsu FC, Wang CJ, Chen CM, Hu HY, Chen CC. Molecular characterization of a family of tandemly repeated DNA sequences, TR-1, in heterochromatic knobs of maize and its relatives. Genetics 2003; 164:1087-97. [PMID: 12871917 PMCID: PMC1462607 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/164.3.1087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Two families of tandem repeats, 180-bp and TR-1, have been found in the knobs of maize. In this study, we isolated 59 clones belonging to the TR-1 family from maize and teosinte. Southern hybridization and sequence analysis revealed that members of this family are composed of three basic sequences, A (67 bp); B (184 bp) or its variants B' (184 bp), 2/3B (115 bp), 2/3B' (115 bp); and C (108 bp), which are arranged in various combinations to produce repeat units that are multiples of approximately 180 bp. The molecular structure of TR-1 elements suggests that: (1) the B component may evolve from the 180-bp knob repeat as a result of mutations during evolution; (2) B' may originate from B through lateral amplification accompanied by base-pair changes; (3) C plus A may be a single sequence that is added to B and B', probably via nonhomologous recombination; and (4) 69 bp at the 3' end of B or B', and the entire sequence of C can be removed from the elements by an unknown mechanism. Sequence comparisons showed partial homologies between TR-1 elements and two centromeric sequences (B repeats) of the supernumerary B chromosome. This result, together with the finding of other investigators that the B repeat is also fragmentarily homologous to the 180-bp repeat, suggests that the B repeat is derived from knob repeats in A chromosomes, which subsequently become structurally modified. Fluorescence in situ hybridization localized the B repeat to the B centromere and the 180-bp and TR-1 repeats to the proximal heterochromatin knob on the B chromosome.
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Lin CR, Chuang YC, Cheng JT, Wang CJ, Yang LC. Intrathecal clonidine decreases spinal nitric oxide release in a rat model of complete Freund's adjuvant induced inflammatory pain. Inflammation 2002; 26:161-6. [PMID: 12184629 DOI: 10.1023/a:1016563628274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A long-lasting antihyperalgesic effect has been demonstrated for intrathecal (IT) clonidine, an alpha2-adrenergic agonist. In the present study, the mechanism and antihyperalgesic effects of IT clonidine were examined post-treatment in a rat model of Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA)-induced inflammatory hyperalgesia. Using a chronic model of spinal cord dialysis, we examined the effect of the adjuvant-induced inflammation on spinal release of nitric oxide (NO) and the development of chronic pain and assessed the antinociceptive effects and mechanisms of the alpha2-adrenergic agonist, clonidine (IT). Chronic, persistent inflammatory pain was induced by left hind paw injection of 0.3 ml CFA prepared in a mixture with Mycobacterium butyricum. Rats were randomly assigned to groups receiving IT clonidine in discrete doses of 1, 10 or 50 microg, 3 or 24 hr post-inflammation. Measurement of total NOx (NO + NO2- + NO3-) was used to determine NO release into the cerebrospinal fluid. Rat thermal antinociception was assessed using a radiant heat thermal hyperalgesia model. CFA injection resulted in significant thermal hyperalgesia throughout the four days of observation. A dose-dependent suppression of thermal hyperalgesia and spinal NO release was observed after IT clonidine treatment. Evidence from this CFA-induced inflammatory pain model suggests that clonidine's spinal antihyperalgesic mechanisms act through inhibition of spinal NO release.
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Huang EY, Chen HC, Wang CJ, Sun LM, Hsu HC. Predictive factors for skin telangiectasia following post-mastectomy electron beam irradiation. Br J Radiol 2002; 75:444-7. [PMID: 12036838 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.75.893.750444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the predictive factors associated with skin telangiectasia following post-mastectomy electron beam irradiation of the chest wall and regional lymph nodes in patients with breast cancer. From July 1987 to December 1994, 120 women with stages II and III breast cancer received electron beam irradiation following modified radical mastectomy. Doses of 50-50.4 Gy per 25-28 fractions were given to the chest wall (with bolus), the internal mammary nodes, the supraclavicular nodes and the axillary lymph nodes using a 12 MeV or 15 MeV single portal electron beam. 19 patients received an additional 10-16 Gy boost to the surgical scar using a 9 MeV electron beam. Univariate and multivariate analyses for the development of skin telangiectasia showed 5- and 7-year actuarial rates of telangiectasia to be 59% and 72%, respectively. In univariate analysis, an additional surgical scar boost (p=0.023) as well as no treatment interruption (p=0.028) were associated with a significantly increased risk of skin telangiectasia. In multivariate analysis, the only significant independent factor for the development of skin telangiectasia was surgical scar boost (p=0.026); no treatment interruption showed a trend but did not achieve significance (p=0.051). Thus, patients given an additional boost to the surgical scar are more likely to develop skin telangiectasia. Shorter treatment courses may result in a higher probability of skin telangiectasia following electron beam irradiation.
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Liu JW, Chao LH, Su LH, Wang JW, Wang CJ. Experience with a bone bank operation and allograft bone infection in recipients at a medical centre in southern Taiwan. J Hosp Infect 2002; 50:293-7. [PMID: 12014903 DOI: 10.1053/jhin.2002.1192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
To assess the contamination rate of allograft bones at retrieval and the infection rate of the implanted allograft bone, we audited a bone bank retrospectively and reviewed the medical charts of allograft bone recipients between June 1999 and June 2000 at a medical centre in southern Taiwan. The bone bank did its utmost to minimize allograft contamination with hospital-acquired pathogens by adopting purposefully designed criteria for selection of donors. This protocol included sterilization with soaking of the retrieved allograft in a solution of a first-generation cephalosporin before storage and prophylaxis in recipients with first-generation cephalosporin. The contamination rates at allograft retrieval from living and cadaveric donors were 2.7% and 12.4%, respectively (P<0.001). Culture of 262 specimens taken at allograft implant revealed 12 (4.6%) positive for culture. Of the 12 patients implanted with allograft bones positive for culture, nine (75.0%) had allograft bone infection, while three (25.0%) did not. Among the 250 recipients with sterile allograft bones, four (1.6%) were found to have allograft infection. None of the cases of infection required removal of the allograft bones, and all cases were successfully treated with tailored antimicrobial therapy based on susceptibility tests on isolated bacteria. The overall infection rate was 5.0%, which compared favourably with those in other series. A prospective cohort study is needed to determine which of the varied sterilization methodologies gives the best and/or most cost-effective outcome.
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Wang FS, Yang KD, Chen RF, Wang CJ, Sheen-Chen SM. Extracorporeal shock wave promotes growth and differentiation of bone-marrow stromal cells towards osteoprogenitors associated with induction of TGF-beta1. THE JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY. BRITISH VOLUME 2002; 84:457-61. [PMID: 12002511 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.84b3.11609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Extracorporeal shock-wave (ESW) treatment has been shown to be effective in promoting the healing of fractures. We aimed to determine whether ESW could enhance the growth of bone-marrow osteoprogenitor cells. We applied ESW to the left femur of rats 10 mm above the knee at 0.16 mJ/mm2 in a range of between 250 and 2000 impulses. Bone-marrow cells were harvested after ESW for one day and subjected to assessment of colony-forming unit (CFU) granulocytes, monocytes, erythocytes, megakaryocytes (CFU-Mix), CFU-stromal cells (CFU-S) and CFU-osteoprogenitors (CFU-O). We found that the mean value for the CFU-O colonies after treatment with 500 impulses of ESW was 168.2 CFU-O/well (SEM 11.3) compared with 88.2 CFU-O/well (SEM 7.2) in the control group. By contrast, ESW treatment did not affect haematopoiesis as shown by the CFU-Mix (p = 0.557). Treatment with 250 and 500 impulses promoted CFU-O, but not CFU-Mix formations whereas treatment with more than 750 impulses had an inhibiting effect. Treatment with 500 impulses also enhanced the activity of bone alkaline phosphatase in the subculture of CFU-O (p<0.01), indicating a selective promotion of growth of osteoprogenitor cells. Similarly, formation of bone nodules in the long-term culture of bone-marrow osteoprogenitor cells was also significantly enhanced by ESW treatment with 500 impulses. The mean production of TGF-beta1 was 610 pg/ml (SEM 84.6) in culture supernatants from ESW-treated rats compared with 283 pg/ml (SEM 36.8) in the control group. Our findings suggest that optimal treatment with ESW could enhance rat bone-marrow stromal growth and differentiation towards osteoprogenitors presumably by induction of TGF-beta1.
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Chen CC, Tseng TH, Hsu JD, Wang CJ. Tumor-promoting effect of GGN-MRP extract from the Maillard reaction products of glucose and glycine in the presence of sodium nitrite in C3H10T1/2 cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2001; 49:6063-6067. [PMID: 11743809 DOI: 10.1021/jf0106897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
GGN-MRP is an extract from the Maillard reaction products of nitrite with glucose and glycine in the Maillard browning system. No genotoxicity of GGN-MRP in culture hepatocyte was found. A two-stage transformation protocol was used to transform chemically mouse embryo fibroblast C3H10T1/2 cells. To initiate transformation, the cells were treated with benzo[a]pyrene [B(a)P; 0.1 microg/mL], and GGN-MRP (0.01, 0.1, and 1.0 mg/mL) was employed to subsequently complete the transformation process. Malignant transformed foci were formed in B(a)P-initiated and GGN-MRP-promoted C3H10T1/2 cells after 8 weeks. Cells treated with GGN-MRP alone failed to induce transformation. However, cells initiated with B(a)P and promoted by GGN-MRP demonstrated oncogenic properties. Transformed colonies derived from GGN-MRP-treated cells exhibited enhanced growth rate, anchorage independence, and tumorgenicity in animals relative to parent cells. These results indicated that GGN-MRP contains a tumor promoter and may induce tumor promotion by two-stage oncogenesis.
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Wang CJ, Howng SL. Trigeminal neuralgia caused by nasopharyngeal carcinoma with skull base invasion--a case report. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2001; 17:630-2. [PMID: 12168498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a case of nasopharyngeal carcinoma with skull invasion, whose chief complaint was left-sided facial pain, which mimicked trigeminal neuralgia, and in whom there was no palpable neck mass. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed an infiltrated lesion with abnormal signal intensity in the left nasopharynx, involving the left retro- and parapharyngeal space. The lesion was pathology-proven through biopsy of the nasopharynx to be a non-keratinizing carcioma. The patient received 6000 rad radiotherapy combined with 5-Fluorouracil(5-FU) and Cisplatin, and has been well after 2 years' follow-up.
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Wang CJ. Management of patellofemoral arthrosis in middle-aged patients. CHANG GUNG MEDICAL JOURNAL 2001; 24:672-80. [PMID: 11820647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Patellofemoral arthrosis is one of the most common causes of knee pain in middle-aged patients, and is often associated with patellofemoral malalignment. A correct diagnosis is established by history taking and physical and radiographic examinations of the knee. The initial treatment of choice is conservative treatment, which includes anti-inflammatory drugs, use of a knee brace, quadriceps-strengthening exercises, physical therapy, and modification of activity. Surgery is indicated when patients fail to improve after at least 6 months of conservative treatment and are functionally disabled. Lateral retinacular release and proximal realignment are performed only in selected cases. Distal realignment by anteromedial transfer of the tibial tubercle is the most effective method for treating patients with patellofemoral arthrosis. The magnitude of anteromedial transfer of the tibial tubercle must be individualized, and rigid internal fixation enables immediate postoperative rehabilitation. In knees with patellofemoral arthrosis with no malalignment, a 20-mm anterior displacement without medial transfer of the tibial tubercle is suggested. A 15-mm anterior displacement plus 5 to 10 mm of medial transfer of the tibial tubercle is recommended in knees with patellofemoral arthrosis and mild to moderate malalignment. In knees with severe malalignment, 15 mm of medial transfer and 10 mm of anterior displacement are recommended. A triple osteotomy is considered in knees with patellofemoral osteoarthrosis and patella baja. Patellofemoral resurfacing arthroplasty is only done in carefully selected patients. A patellectomy should be avoided if at all possible. Total knee arthroplasty is indicated in knees with bi- or tricompartmental osteoarthritis.
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Jaing TH, Yang CP, Chang KW, Wang CJ, Chiu CH, Luo CC. Extrahepatic obstruction of the biliary tract as the presenting feature of acute myeloid leukemia. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2001; 33:620-2. [PMID: 11740241 DOI: 10.1097/00005176-200111000-00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Wang CJ, Kung SS, Howng SL. Traumatic lumbar spinal subdural hematoma--a case report. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2001; 17:576-8. [PMID: 11852465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
A 74-year-old woman suffered from lower legs weakness after a motor vehicle accident. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on the seventh posttraumatic day, revealed a lumbar spinal subdural hematoma at the level of L4-5. After surgical intervention to remove the subdural hematoma, the patient made a complete recovery.
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Abstract
Thirty-three cases of acute septic arthritis of the hip in children were treated at our hospital from 1986 to 1997. The average follow-up period was 6 years (range 2-11 years). In 17 cases the right hip was affected, and in 16 the left hip. The average duration of symptoms was 5 days (range 1-14 days). Microorganisms were isolated from the blood, joint aspirate, or surgical specimens in 25 cases (76%). Staphylococcus aureus was the most common bacteria found (44%). Those patients with S. aureus infection were older than 1 year of age. There was no significant difference in the final outcome between the younger and the older age groups. Twenty-six out of 33 patients (89%) had a satisfactory outcome. Satisfactory results can also be expected with arthrocentesis and medical treatment if the diagnosis is made early, and antibiotic treatment affords a good clinical response. Four out of 7 cases with an unsatisfactory result were associated with osteomyelitis of the proximal femur. The two most important factors associated with poor results included a delay of definite treatment lasting longer than 5 days and the presence of osteomyelitis of the proximal femur.
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Wang CJ, Zhao J, Pan JX. [Research on the synthesis and spectroscopy of 2-(2-phenyl propenyl) benzoxazoles]. GUANG PU XUE YU GUANG PU FEN XI = GUANG PU 2001; 21:627-629. [PMID: 12945314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In this paper the synthetic methods and the substituent effects on yields were discussed. It was found that the yields were not high, and the compounds with electron-drawing groups had higher yields. Some compounds with electron-giving groups such as t-Bu couldn't be synthesized by wittig-horner method. The compounds were characterized by IR, 1H NMR, MS, UV and FL. The experimental results indicated that there was not quantitative substituent effect on IR, the electron-drawing groups had great effect on the chemical shifts of propenyl hydrogen and methyl hydrogen, the strong double-electron fragments existed in MS. Some experimental phenomena of UV and FL were also studied.
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Huang YN, Wang CJ, Ngai KL, Wang YN, Riande E. Modeling dynamically heterogeneous coupled relaxations. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2001; 64:041202. [PMID: 11690014 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.64.041202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/1999] [Revised: 07/16/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A model describing dynamically heterogeneous relaxation in complex coupled systems is presented. The model predicts the splitting of a high-temperature single Debye relaxation to a low-temperature bimodal relaxation. The bimodal process shows a crossover from a Debye-type relaxation to an approximately stretched-exponential relaxation. Some general features of relaxation in complex systems emerge from the predictions of the model, and a comparison of the model with experiments is reported.
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Wang FS, Wang CJ, Huang HJ, Chung H, Chen RF, Yang KD. Physical shock wave mediates membrane hyperpolarization and Ras activation for osteogenesis in human bone marrow stromal cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001; 287:648-55. [PMID: 11563844 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2001.5654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Physical shock wave (SW) has shown effectiveness on promotion of bone growth. We have recently demonstrated that SW could promote bone marrow stromal cell differentiation toward osteoprogenitor associated with induction of TGF-beta1. We have further demonstrated that SW-induced membrane hyperpolarization and Ras activation acted an early signal for the osteogenesis in human bone marrow stromal cells. An optimal dose of SW treatment at 0.16 mJ/mm(2) for 500 impulses induced a rapid membrane hyperpolarization in 5 min, activation of Ras in 30 min, and cell proliferation in 2 days. The SW-promoted cell growth was related to osteogenesis as demonstrated by increase of bone alkaline phosphatase activity in 6 days and osteocalcin mRNA expression in 12 days. In support that SW-induced Ras activation mediated osteogenesis of human bone marrow stromal cells, we further demonstrated that transfection of bone marrow stromal cells with a dominant negative Ras mutant (Asn-17 ras(H)) abrogated the SW enhancement of osteogenic transcription factor (CBFA1) activation, osteocalcin mRNA expression, and bone nodule formations. These results suggest that physical SW promotes bone marrow stromal cell differentiation toward osteogenic lineage via membrane hyperpolarization, followed by Ras activation and specific osteogenic transcription factor CBFA1 expression. A link between physical SW and biomembrane perturbation-mediated Ras activation may highlight how noninvasive physical agents could be used to promote fracture healing and to rescue patients with osteoporosis and osteopenic disorders in the future.
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Wang CJ, Yen CF, Masrani MR, Lee CL, Chao AS, Chang SD, Soong YK. Three-dimensional ultrasonic images of normal fetus. CHANG GUNG MEDICAL JOURNAL 2001; 24:476-82. [PMID: 11601189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to assess the usefulness and feasibility of 3-dimensional (3D) ultrasound for routine fetal observation. METHODS Eighty-five normal pregnancies with gestational ages of 20-36 weeks were studied. A conventional ultrasound scanner with a specially designed operation unit, frame memory, and 3D probe was the apparatus used in this study. The unit has a circuit board consisting of digital integrated circuit chips designed to make calculations of volume ray tracings for volume rendering in real time. For each fetus, scanning was performed with different levels of opacity in the equation for volume rendering. In areas where there was an inadequate amniotic fluid pocket to perform an adequate examination, the pregnant woman was asked to push the fetus to the opposite side by gently pressing on her abdomen. RESULTS Face, limbs, and fingers which are difficult to visualize on conventional ultrasonography could be seen clearly. Extremely satisfactory images were obtained at between 24 and 34 weeks of gestation that produced sonographic pictures easily recognized even by laypersons. Beyond 34 weeks of gestation due to the relative decrease in the size of amniotic fluid pockets, and before 24 weeks of gestation due to frequent fetal movement, the soft tissue of fetuses is thin and its acoustic impedance is virtually the same as that of water, so surface-rendered images are less satisfactory. In addition, the anterior wall placenta, multiple pregnancies, and oligohydramnios made viewing even more difficult. CONCLUSION Between 24 and 34 weeks of gestation, 3D ultrasound is a feasible and useful procedure for routine antenatal examination.
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Lee CL, Jain S, Wang CJ, Yen CF, Soong YK. Classification for endoscopic treatment of mullerian anomalies with an obstructive cervix. THE JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF GYNECOLOGIC LAPAROSCOPISTS 2001; 8:402-8. [PMID: 11509782 DOI: 10.1016/s1074-3804(05)60339-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE To describe our classification according to severity of developmental mullerian anomalies with obstructed cervix. DESIGN Retrospective review (Canadian Task Force classification II-2). SETTING University-based, tertiary-level center for endoscopic surgery. PATIENTS Ten women with developmental mullerian anomalies with obstructed cervix. INTERVENTION Patients with didelphic uterus with a rudimentary nonfunctional horn and hypoplastic cervix (type 1) underwent hemihysterectomy or diagnostic endoscopy. Those with agenesis of cervix with normal uterus (type 2) had uterovaginal canalization or neocervix with full-thickness skin graft. Women with identical didelphic uteri and hypoplastic cervix (type 3) underwent uterovaginal canalization with or without endometrial ablation or hemihysterectomy. Patients with didelphic uterus with a rudimentary horn and hypoplastic cervix (type 4) had laparoscopic hemihysterectomy. Those with agenesis of the vagina and cervix but with functional endometrium (type 5) had laparoscopic-assisted full-thickness skin graft. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Average duration of surgery was 60 to 210 minutes. There were no intraoperative complications. Patients with type 1 anomaly are continuing infertility treatment. All three patients in type 2 continue to have regular menses without dysmenorrhea. In those with type 3 conditions, hemihysterectomy was performed in one woman and uterovaginal canalization was performed on the hypoplastic cervix in another. After the neocervix was created, endometrial ablation was performed. No evidence of cervical obstruction or hematometra was found in either patient. The patient with type 4 anomaly continues to have regular menstrual periods without dysmenorrhea. Women with type 5 disorder had good healing of vaginal skin grafts. CONCLUSION This classification helps identify mullerian anomalies in relation to obstructive cervix. It is useful in categorizing the disorders and determines management strategies and prognosis.
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Chen KK, Hsieh JT, Huang ST, Jiaan DB, Lin JS, Wang CJ. ASSESS-3: a randomised, double-blind, flexible-dose clinical trial of the efficacy and safety of oral sildenafil in the treatment of men with erectile dysfunction in Taiwan. Int J Impot Res 2001; 13:221-9. [PMID: 11494079 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijir.3900685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2001] [Accepted: 02/06/2001] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy and safety of sildenafil were evaluated in a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, flexible-dose study in Taiwanese men aged 26 to 80 y with erectile dysfunction (ED) of broad-spectrum aetiology and more than 6 months' duration. A total of 236 patients were randomised at six medical centres in Taiwan to receive either sildenafil (50 mg initially increased if necessary to 100 mg or decreased to 25 mg depending on efficacy and toleration) (n=119) or matching placebo (n=117) taken on an 'as needed' basis 1 h prior to anticipated sexual activity for a period of 12 weeks. At the end of 12 weeks, the primary efficacy variables relating to the achievement and maintenance of erections sufficient for sexual intercourse, and the secondary efficacy variables, which included: (1) the five separate domains of sexual functioning of the IIEF (International Index of Erectile Function) scale, (2) the percentage of successful intercourse attempts; and (3) a global assessment of erections, were all statistically significantly improved by sildenafil in comparison with placebo (P<0.0001). Treatment-related adverse events occurred in 43.7% of patients receiving sildenafil and 18.8% receiving placebo. The most common adverse events with sildenafil were flushing, dizziness and headache (25.2, 6.7 and 5.9% of patients, respectively), and most were mild in nature. The efficacy and safety of sildenafil in the population of Taiwanese men appears similar to that reported in other studies in western populations.
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91
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Lee CL, Yen CF, Wang CJ, Jain S, Soong YK. Extraperitoneal approach to laparoscopic Burch colposuspension. THE JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF GYNECOLOGIC LAPAROSCOPISTS 2001; 8:374-7. [PMID: 11509776 DOI: 10.1016/s1074-3804(05)60333-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE To evaluate 3-year outcomes of extraperitoneal laparoscopic colposuspension in treating genuine stress incontinence. DESIGN Retrospective review (Canadian Task Force classification II-2). SETTING University-based, tertiary-level center for endoscopic surgery. PATIENTS One hundred sixty women with genuine stress incontinence with bladder neck hypermobility. INTERVENTION Extraperitoneal space was created with CO2 through a 10-mm midline port 2 cm above the pubic hairline. A pair of sutures was inserted at the level of midurethral and urethrovesical junction, fixing them to Cooper's ligament on each side with proper tension. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Of 160 women, 10 were lost to follow-up. On follow-up questionnaire sent to 150 patients, 148 (98.7%) were pleased with the results of surgery. Stress incontinence was cured in 136 women (90.7%) after a minimum of 3 years' follow-up. CONCLUSION Cure rates for extraperitoneal colposuspension were similar to those reported for traditional laparoscopic or laparotomy Burch procedures; however, this is a more direct method to expose the space of Retzius, thus eliminating the need to open and close peritoneum.
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Fang FM, Tsai WL, Go SF, Ho MW, Wu JM, Wang CJ, Su CY, Chen WC, Huang EY. Implications of quantitative tumor and nodal regression rates for nasopharyngeal carcinomas after 45 Gy of radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2001; 50:961-9. [PMID: 11429224 DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(01)01531-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To quantitatively investigate the clinical implications of tumor regression rate (TRR-45) and nodal regression rate (NRR-45) of nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPC) after receiving 45 Gy of radiotherapy (RT). The values, predictive values, and associated factors of TRR-45 and NRR-45 in NPC are analyzed. METHODS AND MATERIALS One hundred one patients with newly diagnosed NPC and who were curatively treated by RT alone were included in the study. Tumor volume and nodal volume before treatment and after 45 Gy were obtained from computed tomographic (CT) scans performed at those times and calculated with the assistance of a computer-based imaging analyzing system. TRR-45 (NRR-45) was defined as the ratio of reduced tumor (nodal) volume after 45 Gy to the initial tumor (nodal) volume. TRR-45 (NRR-45) values were stratified into three groups of slow (below 50%), moderate (between 50% and 75%), and rapid (above 75%) change. After conventional RT with 45 Gy, conformal RT for primary tumors was boosted to 70.2-72 Gy for T1-2 tumors, and 75.6-81 Gy for T3-T4 tumors. RT for residual neck masses was boosted by electron beam to 61-75 Gy. RESULTS The mean value of TRR-45 for all patients was lower than that of NRR-45 for the 78 patients with metastatic neck nodes (70% +/- 4.8% vs. 81% +/- 5%, p = 0.003). The 3-year actuarial neck control rate was better than the primary tumor control rate with statistical significance (98% vs. 85%, p = 0.009). No significant statistical differences concerning local control probability, nodal control probability, or survival rate were found among patients with slow, moderate, or rapid TRR-45 or NRR-45. T-stage was the only significant prognostic factor for locoregional control after multivariate analysis. Tumor volume and T-stage were found to have a statistically significant negative correlation with TRR-45. No associated factor was found to be significantly correlated with NRR-45. CONCLUSION Slow regression rates of the primary tumor or neck nodes in NPC after receiving 45 Gy of irradiation do not mean ultimately poor radiocurability, but may merely imply slow clearance of the cells damaged during irradiation. The different radiobiological behaviors of the regression rates during treatment, ultimate control probabilities, or associated factors for regression rates of NPC between primary tumors and neck nodes need to be further investigated.
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Wang CJ. Followup of primary malignant melanoma of the prostate. J Urol 2001; 166:214. [PMID: 11435865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
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Abstract
In a prospective clinical study, the effectiveness of shock wave treatment for calcifying tendinitis in 31 shoulders in 29 patients (14 women and 15 men) with an average age of 52 years was assessed. Each shoulder was treated with 1,000 impulses of shock waves at 14 kV. A 100-point Constant score system was used for evaluation. The overall results of 20 patients (21 shoulders) with 12 weeks followup were no complaints in 23.8%, significantly improved in 38.1%, some improvement in 14.3%, and unchanged in 23.8%. Considerable improvement was observed between 6 and 12 weeks. The results of seven patients with 24 weeks followup were no complaints in two patients, significantly improved in three, and unchanged in two patients. Radiographs showed complete elimination of the calcium deposits in six patients (28.6%), incomplete elimination in two patients (9.5%), and three patients (14.3%) had fragmentation of the calcium deposits. There was no recurrence of calcium deposits observed at 24 weeks. There was a correlation between the functional improvement and the elimination of calcium deposits. There were no device-related problems, systemic or local complications. Low-energy shock wave therapy may offer a new and safer additional nonoperative treatment for patients with calcifying tendinitis of the shoulder.
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Wang CJ, Huang HY, Chen HH, Pai CH, Yang KD. Effect of shock wave therapy on acute fractures of the tibia: a study in a dog model. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2001:112-8. [PMID: 11400871 DOI: 10.1097/00003086-200106000-00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The effect of shock wave therapy on acute fractures of the tibia was studied in eight adult dogs. A fracture with a 3-mm gap was created in both tibias and the fractures were fixed internally with a small metallic plate and screws. Each of the right limbs received 2,000 impulses of shock waves at 14 kV whereas the left limbs were used as controls. The evaluations included the callus formations based on serial radiographic examinations at 1, 4, 8, and 12 weeks and histologic examinations at 12 weeks for tissue distribution including bone tissues. Based on radiographic findings, there was no statistically significant difference in the amount of callus formation between the treated and the control groups at 8 weeks or less. However, the radiographic findings at 12 weeks statistically showed more callus formations in the treated group. In histologic examinations, there was significantly more cortical bone formation in the treated group at 12 weeks and the bone tissues were thicker, denser, and heavier. Shock wave therapy enhanced callus formation and induced cortical bone formation in acute fractures in dogs at 12 weeks. The effect of shock wave therapy seemed to be time-dependent at 3 months.
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Wang CJ, Yen CF, Lee CL, Soong YK. Microlaparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy. A preliminary report. THE JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE 2001; 46:573-6. [PMID: 11441682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical possibility of using a microlaparoscope in laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy. STUDY DESIGN Twenty-five women with different indications for hysterectomy and a uterine size < 14 weeks' gestation underwent laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy using a microlaparoscope and 2-mm instruments. RESULTS Microlaparoscopic procedures included coagulation and separation of infundibulopelvic or uteroovarian round ligaments, vesico-uterine-visceral peritoneal fold dissection, and anterior and posterior colpotomy. The mean operative time, blood loss and length of hospital stay were 84.40 +/- 16.85 minutes, 262.00 +/- 112.99 mL and 3.08 +/- 0.64 days, respectively. No patients developed serious complications, but there were two minor ones. CONCLUSION Microlaparoscopy appears to be an efficacious alternative treatment option in well-selected patients undergoing laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy.
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Abstract
A prospective clinical study investigated the effectiveness of shock waves in the treatment of 72 patients with 72 nonunions of long bone fractures (41 femurs, 19 tibias, seven humeri, one radius, three ulnas and one metatarsal). The doses of shock waves were 6,000 impulses at 28 kV for the femur and tibia, 3,000 impulses at 28 kV for the humerus, 2,000 impulses at 24 kV for the radius and ulna, and 1,000 impulses at 20 kV for the metatarsal. The results of treatment were assessed clinically, and fracture healing was assessed with plain radiographs and tomography. The rate of bony union was 40% at 3 months, 60.9% at 6 months, and 80% at 12 months followup. Shock wave treatment was most successful in hypertrophic nonunions and nonunions with a defect and was least effective in atrophic nonunions. There were no systemic complications or device-related problems. Local complications included petechiae and hematoma formation that resolved spontaneously. In the authors' experience, the results of shock wave treatment were similar to the results of surgical treatment for chronic nonunions with no surgical risks. Shock wave treatment is a safe and effective alternative method in the treatment of chronic nonunions of long bones.
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Wu HM, Lee CL, Yen CF, Wang CJ, Soong YK. Laparoscopic diagnosis and management of Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome: report of three cases. CHANG GUNG MEDICAL JOURNAL 2001; 24:388-92. [PMID: 11512371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Perihepatic adhesions between the liver capsule and the diaphragm or the anterior peritoneal surface characterizes Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome (FHCS). FHCS is an extrapelvic manifestation of pelvic inflammatory disease and usually refractory to medical treatment and surgical intervention. With the increased incidence of pelvic inflammatory disease, chronic pelvic pain and sequalae of the process are becoming more common. Herein, we report 3 patients with pelvic inflammatory disease in whom medical treatment failed initially and FHCS was diagnosed via laparoscopy. Laparoscopic lysis of pelvic and perihepatic adhesions, irrigation of the abdomino-pelvic cavity, and antibiotics treatment after surgery successfully relieved these patients' symptoms. FHCS is not a new syndrome but most gynecologists might neglect this condition. Laparoscopy is a less invasive procedure than exploratory laparotomy. We recommend laparoscopy in patients with lower abdominal and right upper quadrant discomfort when other organic disease has been ruled out and medical treatment has failed to relieve symptoms.
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Hsieh YS, Wang HC, Tseng TH, Chang WC, Wang CJ. Gaseous nitric oxide-induced 8-nitroguanine formation in human lung fibroblast cells and cell-free DNA. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2001; 172:210-6. [PMID: 11312649 DOI: 10.1006/taap.2001.9148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A time- and dose-dependent increase in 8-nitroguanine (8-NO(2)-G) was observed in human lung fibroblast cells (MRC-5) after treatment with gaseous NO-saturated buffer. It was also found that treatment with the inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), N(G)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester, significantly reduced the 8-NO(2)-G level in the gaseous NO-saturated buffer-treated MRC-5 cells. These results provide evidence indicating that NO gas causes DNA damage in mammalian cells, which involves the activation of iNOS and the subsequent generation of endogenous NO. On the other hand, a time- and dose-dependent increase in 8-NO(2)-G was also observed while DNA (isolated from MRC-5 cells) was incubated with gaseous NO-saturated buffer. These results suggest that part of the 8-NO(2)-G formation was due to direct modification of gaseous NO on DNA. Furthermore, an increase in nitrite concentration was found in both cell-free and MRC-5 cell-conditioned medium treated with gaseous NO-saturated buffer. Collectively, gaseous NO induced DNA damage by forming 8-NO(2)-G, a modification performed directly by the treated gaseous NO and indirectly by the following induction of endogenous NO. This effect might be an important pathway in genotoxicity of nitric oxides, and 8-NO(2)-G could act as a specific marker for DNA damage induced by gaseous NO, a common contaminatant in air pollution and cigarette smoke.
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Ling HM, Wang CJ, Tu YK, Yeh WL. Arthroscopy in avulsion fracture of posterior cruciate ligament. CHANG GUNG MEDICAL JOURNAL 2001; 24:313-7. [PMID: 11480328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical reduction of PCL avulsion fracture was performed from posterior approach and arthroscopic treatment was not routinely performed. However, associated intraarticular lesions of meniscus, cartilage, of any other pathologies were very common in PCL injuries. If the treatments of associated intraarticular lesions would improve the results was not known. Under this prospective study, we want to know if arthroscope is valuable in PCL avulsion fractures. METHODS From January 1995 to December 1997, there were 29 cases of PCL avulsion fractures. They were grouped according to chart numbers. Group I was even number group and group II was odd number group. Arthroscopic examination was performed in even number group, but not in odd number group. Group I had 13 cases and group II had 16 cases. All the PCL avulsion fractures were repaired from posterior approach and fixed with cancellous screws. RESULTS The range of motion, arthrometric data, and Lysholm score were similar in both group after more than 2 years of follow-up. The residual pain was less in arthroscopic group. Arthroscopic examination showed hemarthrosis in all cases of group I; meniscal lesion in 7 cases (54%), osteochondral or chondral lesions in 3 cases (23%), hard medial plica in 3 cases (23%), patellofemoral lesion in 1 case (7.7%), ACL tear in 1 case (7.7%), popliteal lesion in 2 cases (15.4%), lateral opening greater than 1 cm in 5 cases (38.5%). Though the functional results were similar in both groups, the arthroscopic findings in PCL avulsion fracture were negative in only 2 cases. CONCLUSION Arthroscopic examination in PCL avulsion fracture can provide valuable information.
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