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Walter MJ, Shen D, Shao J, Ding L, White BS, Kandoth C, Miller CA, Niu B, McLellan MD, Dees ND, Fulton R, Elliot K, Heath S, Grillot M, Westervelt P, Link DC, DiPersio JF, Mardis E, Ley TJ, Wilson RK, Graubert TA. Clonal diversity of recurrently mutated genes in myelodysplastic syndromes. Leukemia 2013; 27:1275-82. [PMID: 23443460 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2013.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that most cases of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) are clonally heterogeneous, with a founding clone and multiple subclones. It is not known whether specific gene mutations typically occur in founding clones or subclones. We screened a panel of 94 candidate genes in a cohort of 157 patients with MDS or secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML). This included 150 cases with samples obtained at MDS diagnosis and 15 cases with samples obtained at sAML transformation (8 were also analyzed at the MDS stage). We performed whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to define the clonal architecture in eight sAML genomes and identified the range of variant allele frequencies (VAFs) for founding clone mutations. At least one mutation or cytogenetic abnormality was detected in 83% of the 150 MDS patients and 17 genes were significantly mutated (false discovery rate ≤0.05). Individual genes and patient samples displayed a wide range of VAFs for recurrently mutated genes, indicating that no single gene is exclusively mutated in the founding clone. The VAFs of recurrently mutated genes did not fully recapitulate the clonal architecture defined by WGS, suggesting that comprehensive sequencing may be required to accurately assess the clonal status of recurrently mutated genes in MDS.
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Hynes AM, Miller CA, Eley L, Simms RJ, White K, Miles C, Sayer JA. Characterising a novel mouse model with a mutated ciliopathy gene (Cep290) leading to Joubert Syndrome. Cilia 2012. [PMCID: PMC3555904 DOI: 10.1186/2046-2530-1-s1-p89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Rajan E, Gostout CJ, Bonin EA, Moran EA, Locke GR, Szarka LA, Talley NJ, Deters JL, Miller CA, Knipschield MA, Lurken MS, Stoltz GJ, Bernard CE, Grover M, Farrugia G. Endoscopic full-thickness biopsy of the gastric wall with defect closure by using an endoscopic suturing device: survival porcine study. Gastrointest Endosc 2012; 76:1014-9. [PMID: 23078926 PMCID: PMC3666864 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2012.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of several common gastric motility diseases and functional GI disorders remains essentially unexplained. Gastric wall biopsies that include the muscularis propria to evaluate the enteric nervous system, interstitial cells of Cajal, and immune cells can provide important insights for our understanding of the etiology of these disorders. OBJECTIVES To determine the technical feasibility, reproducibility, and safety of performing a full-thickness gastric biopsy (FTGB) by using a submucosal endoscopy with mucosal flap (SEMF) technique; the technical feasibility, reproducibility, and safety of tissue closure by using an endoscopic suturing device; the ability to identify myenteric ganglia in resected specimens; and the long-term safety. DESIGN Single center, preclinical survival study. SETTING Animal research laboratory, developmental endoscopy unit. SUBJECTS Twelve domestic pigs. INTERVENTIONS Animals underwent an SEMF procedure with gastric muscularis propria resection. The resultant offset mucosal entry site was closed by using an endoscopic suturing device. Animals were kept alive for 2 weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS The technical feasibility, reproducibility, and safety of the procedure; the clinical course of the animals; the histological and immunochemical evaluation of the resected specimen to determine whether myenteric ganglia were present in the sample. RESULTS FTGB was performed by using the SEMF technique in all 12 animals. The offset mucosal entry site was successfully closed by using the suturing device in all animals. The mean resected tissue specimen size was 11 mm. Mean total procedure time was 61 minutes with 2 to 4 interrupted sutures placed per animal. Histology showed muscularis propria and serosa, confirming full-thickness resections in all animals. Myenteric ganglia were visualized in 11 of 12 animals. The clinical course was uneventful. Repeat endoscopy and necropsy at 2 weeks showed absence of ulceration at both the mucosal entry sites and overlying the more distal muscularis propria resection sites. There was complete healing of the serosa in all animals with minimal single-band adhesions in 5 of 12 animals. Retained sutures were present in 10 of 12 animals. LIMITATIONS Animal experiment. CONCLUSIONS FTGB by using the SEMF technique and an endoscopic suturing device is technically feasible, reproducible, and safe. Larger tissue specimens will allow improved analysis of multiple cell types.
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Kini GC, Biswal SL, Wong MS, Miller CA. Characteristics of spontaneously formed nanoemulsions in octane/AOT/brine systems. J Colloid Interface Sci 2012; 385:111-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2012.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Revised: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 07/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Kovacs JM, Nkolola JP, Peng H, Cheung A, Perry J, Miller CA, Seaman MS, Barouch D, Chen B. HIV-1 envelope trimer elicits higher neutralizing antibody responses than monomeric gp120. Retrovirology 2012. [PMCID: PMC3441467 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-s2-o62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
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Abe K, Abgrall N, Ajima Y, Aihara H, Albert JB, Andreopoulos C, Andrieu B, Aoki S, Araoka O, Argyriades J, Ariga A, Ariga T, Assylbekov S, Autiero D, Badertscher A, Barbi M, Barker GJ, Barr G, Bass M, Bay F, Bentham S, Berardi V, Berger BE, Bertram I, Besnier M, Beucher J, Beznosko D, Bhadra S, Blaszczyk FDMM, Blondel A, Bojechko C, Bouchez J, Boyd SB, Bravar A, Bronner C, Brook-Roberge DG, Buchanan N, Budd H, Calvet D, Cartwright SL, Carver A, Castillo R, Catanesi MG, Cazes A, Cervera A, Chavez C, Choi S, Christodoulou G, Coleman J, Coleman W, Collazuol G, Connolly K, Curioni A, Dabrowska A, Danko I, Das R, Davies GS, Davis S, Day M, De Rosa G, de André JPAM, de Perio P, Delbart A, Densham C, Di Lodovico F, Di Luise S, Dinh Tran P, Dobson J, Dore U, Drapier O, Dufour F, Dumarchez J, Dytman S, Dziewiecki M, Dziomba M, Emery S, Ereditato A, Escudero L, Esposito LS, Fechner M, Ferrero A, Finch AJ, Frank E, Fujii Y, Fukuda Y, Galymov V, Gannaway FC, Gaudin A, Gendotti A, George MA, Giffin S, Giganti C, Gilje K, Golan T, Goldhaber M, Gomez-Cadenas JJ, Gonin M, Grant N, Grant A, Gumplinger P, Guzowski P, Haesler A, Haigh MD, Hamano K, Hansen C, Hansen D, Hara T, Harrison PF, Hartfiel B, Hartz M, Haruyama T, Hasegawa T, Hastings NC, Hastings S, Hatzikoutelis A, Hayashi K, Hayato Y, Hearty C, Helmer RL, Henderson R, Higashi N, Hignight J, Hirose E, Holeczek J, Horikawa S, Hyndman A, Ichikawa AK, Ieki K, Ieva M, Iida M, Ikeda M, Ilic J, Imber J, Ishida T, Ishihara C, Ishii T, Ives SJ, Iwasaki M, Iyogi K, Izmaylov A, Jamieson B, Johnson RA, Joo KK, Jover-Manas GV, Jung CK, Kaji H, Kajita T, Kakuno H, Kameda J, Kaneyuki K, Karlen D, Kasami K, Kato I, Kearns E, Khabibullin M, Khanam F, Khotjantsev A, Kielczewska D, Kikawa T, Kim J, Kim JY, Kim SB, Kimura N, Kirby B, Kisiel J, Kitching P, Kobayashi T, Kogan G, Koike S, Konaka A, Kormos LL, Korzenev A, Koseki K, Koshio Y, Kouzuma Y, Kowalik K, Kravtsov V, Kreslo I, Kropp W, Kubo H, Kudenko Y, Kulkarni N, Kurjata R, Kutter T, Lagoda J, Laihem K, Laveder M, Lee KP, Le PT, Levy JM, Licciardi C, Lim IT, Lindner T, Litchfield RP, Litos M, Longhin A, Lopez GD, Loverre PF, Ludovici L, Lux T, Macaire M, Mahn K, Makida Y, Malek M, Manly S, Marchionni A, Marino AD, Marteau J, Martin JF, Maruyama T, Maryon T, Marzec J, Masliah P, Mathie EL, Matsumura C, Matsuoka K, Matveev V, Mavrokoridis K, Mazzucato E, McCauley N, McFarland KS, McGrew C, McLachlan T, Messina M, Metcalf W, Metelko C, Mezzetto M, Mijakowski P, Miller CA, Minamino A, Mineev O, Mine S, Missert AD, Mituka G, Miura M, Mizouchi K, Monfregola L, Moreau F, Morgan B, Moriyama S, Muir A, Murakami A, Murdoch M, Murphy S, Myslik J, Nakadaira T, Nakahata M, Nakai T, Nakajima K, Nakamoto T, Nakamura K, Nakayama S, Nakaya T, Naples D, Navin ML, Nelson B, Nicholls TC, Nishikawa K, Nishino H, Nowak JA, Noy M, Obayashi Y, Ogitsu T, Ohhata H, Okamura T, Okumura K, Okusawa T, Oser SM, Otani M, Owen RA, Oyama Y, Ozaki T, Pac MY, Palladino V, Paolone V, Paul P, Payne D, Pearce GF, Perkin JD, Pettinacci V, Pierre F, Poplawska E, Popov B, Posiadala M, Poutissou JM, Poutissou R, Przewlocki P, Qian W, Raaf JL, Radicioni E, Ratoff PN, Raufer TM, Ravonel M, Raymond M, Retiere F, Robert A, Rodrigues PA, Rondio E, Roney JM, Rossi B, Roth S, Rubbia A, Ruterbories D, Sabouri S, Sacco R, Sakashita K, Sánchez F, Sarrat A, Sasaki K, Scholberg K, Schwehr J, Scott M, Scully DI, Seiya Y, Sekiguchi T, Sekiya H, Shibata M, Shimizu Y, Shiozawa M, Short S, Siyad M, Smith RJ, Smy M, Sobczyk JT, Sobel H, Sorel M, Stahl A, Stamoulis P, Steinmann J, Still B, Stone J, Strabel C, Sulak LR, Sulej R, Sutcliffe P, Suzuki A, Suzuki K, Suzuki S, Suzuki SY, Suzuki Y, Suzuki Y, Szeglowski T, Szeptycka M, Tacik R, Tada M, Takahashi S, Takeda A, Takenaga Y, Takeuchi Y, Tanaka K, Tanaka HA, Tanaka M, Tanaka MM, Tanimoto N, Tashiro K, Taylor I, Terashima A, Terhorst D, Terri R, Thompson LF, Thorley A, Toki W, Tomaru T, Totsuka Y, Touramanis C, Tsukamoto T, Tzanov M, Uchida Y, Ueno K, Vacheret A, Vagins M, Vasseur G, Wachala T, Walding JJ, Waldron AV, Walter CW, Wanderer PJ, Wang J, Ward MA, Ward GP, Wark D, Wascko MO, Weber A, Wendell R, West N, Whitehead LH, Wikström G, Wilkes RJ, Wilking MJ, Wilson JR, Wilson RJ, Wongjirad T, Yamada S, Yamada Y, Yamamoto A, Yamamoto K, Yamanoi Y, Yamaoka H, Yanagisawa C, Yano T, Yen S, Yershov N, Yokoyama M, Zalewska A, Zalipska J, Zambelli L, Zaremba K, Ziembicki M, Zimmerman ED, Zito M, Żmuda J. Indication of electron neutrino appearance from an accelerator-produced off-axis muon neutrino beam. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 107:041801. [PMID: 21866992 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.041801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The T2K experiment observes indications of ν(μ) → ν(e) appearance in data accumulated with 1.43×10(20) protons on target. Six events pass all selection criteria at the far detector. In a three-flavor neutrino oscillation scenario with |Δm(23)(2)| = 2.4×10(-3) eV(2), sin(2)2θ(23) = 1 and sin(2)2θ(13) = 0, the expected number of such events is 1.5±0.3(syst). Under this hypothesis, the probability to observe six or more candidate events is 7×10(-3), equivalent to 2.5σ significance. At 90% C.L., the data are consistent with 0.03(0.04) < sin(2)2θ(13) < 0.28(0.34) for δ(CP) = 0 and a normal (inverted) hierarchy.
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Kayali IH, Liu S, Miller CA. Microemulsions containing mixtures of propoxylated sulfates with slightly branched hydrocarbon chains and cationic surfactants with short hydrophobes or PO chains. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2009.07.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Airapetian A, Akopov N, Akopov Z, Aschenauer EC, Augustyniak W, Avetissian A, Avetisyan E, Bacchetta A, Ball B, Bianchi N, Blok HP, Böttcher H, Bonomo C, Borissov A, Bryzgalov V, Burns J, Capiluppi M, Capitani GP, Cisbani E, Ciullo G, Contalbrigo M, Dalpiaz PF, Deconinck W, De Leo R, De Nardo L, De Sanctis E, Diefenthaler M, Di Nezza P, Dreschler J, Düren M, Ehrenfried M, Elbakian G, Ellinghaus F, Elschenbroich U, Fabbri R, Fantoni A, Felawka L, Frullani S, Gabbert D, Gapienko G, Gapienko V, Garibaldi F, Gharibyan V, Giordano F, Gliske S, Hadjidakis C, Hartig M, Hasch D, Hill G, Hillenbrand A, Hoek M, Holler Y, Hristova I, Imazu Y, Ivanilov A, Jackson HE, Jo HS, Joosten S, Kaiser R, Keri T, Kinney E, Kisselev A, Korotkov V, Kozlov V, Kravchenko P, Lagamba L, Lamb R, Lapikás L, Lehmann I, Lenisa P, Linden-Levy LA, López Ruiz A, Lorenzon W, Lu XG, Lu XR, Ma BQ, Mahon D, Makins NCR, Manaenkov SI, Manfré L, Mao Y, Marianski B, Martinez de la Ossa A, Marukyan H, Miller CA, Miyachi Y, Movsisyan A, Murray M, Mussgiller A, Nappi E, Naryshkin Y, Nass A, Negodaev M, Nowak WD, Pappalardo LL, Perez-Benito R, Reimer PE, Reolon AR, Riedl C, Rith K, Rosner G, Rostomyan A, Rubin J, Ryckbosch D, Salomatin Y, Sanftl F, Schäfer A, Schnell G, Schüler KP, Seitz B, Shibata TA, Shutov V, Stancari M, Statera M, Steijger JJM, Stenzel H, Stewart J, Stinzing F, Taroian S, Terkulov A, Trzcinski A, Tytgat M, Vandenbroucke A, van der Nat PB, Van Haarlem Y, Van Hulse C, Varanda M, Veretennikov D, Vikhrov V, Vilardi I, Vogel C, Wang S, Yaschenko S, Ye H, Ye Z, Yen S, Yu W, Zeiler D, Zihlmann B, Zupranski P. Observation of the naive-T-odd Sivers effect in deep-inelastic scattering. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 103:152002. [PMID: 19905623 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.152002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Azimuthal single-spin asymmetries of leptoproduced pions and charged kaons were measured on a transversely polarized hydrogen target. Evidence for a naive-T-odd, transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution function is deduced from nonvanishing Sivers effects for pi(+), pi(0), and K(+/-), as well as in the difference of the pi(+) and pi(-) cross sections.
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Garrett PR, Carr D, Giles D, Pierre-Louis G, Staples E, Miller CA, Chen BH. Solubilisation of triolein by microemulsions containing C12E4/hexadecane/water: Equilibrium and dynamics. J Colloid Interface Sci 2008; 325:508-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2008.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2008] [Revised: 06/05/2008] [Accepted: 06/07/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Benton WJ, Miller CA, Jr TF. SPONTANEOUS EMULSIFICATION IN OIL-WATF.R.-SURFACTANT SYSTEMS*. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/01932698208943623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Peña AA, Miller CA. Solubilization rates of oils in surfactant solutions and their relationship to mass transport in emulsions. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2006; 123-126:241-57. [PMID: 16860285 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2006.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Information on solubilization rates of oils in aqueous micellar solutions is reviewed. For ionic surfactants electrostatic repulsion prevents close approach of micelles to the oil-water interface, so that solubilization results from oil molecules dissolving individually in the solution and being taken up by micelles during and/or after transport across a diffusion boundary layer to the bulk solution. Experiments with SDS solutions and single oil drops having low (but not negligible) solubility indicate that mass transfer is often not rate-controlling. Instead phenomena near the oil-water interface including, but not limited to, the rates of micellar uptake of oil from the aqueous solution seem to control the solubilization rate. In contrast, Ostwald ripening experiments involving multiple oil drops in SDS solutions are often interpreted in terms of molecular dissolution and diffusion alone since ripening rates are typically only slightly different from those observed in the absence of surfactant micelles, where this mechanism is considered to hold. For many nonionic surfactant systems and oils of low or negligible solubility the principal mechanism of solubilization is incorporation of surfactant at the oil-water interface from micelles, which coalesce or "adsorb" at the interface or else dissociate nearby, permitting individual surfactant molecules to be adsorbed. Subsequently the excess surfactant is emitted as oil-containing micelles. Most experiments have indicated that this process, which appears in the analyses as an interfacial resistance, is rate controlling. New results are presented here supporting this model and showing that resistance to mass transfer is often quite low because natural convection can arise near an oil drop owing to the density change produced by solubilized oil in micelles near the drop surface. Provided that polydispersity of drop sizes is properly accounted for, experiments on solubilization and compositional ripening in emulsions stabilized with nonionic surfactants can be interpreted using the interfacial resistance model with values of resistance obtained from single-drop experiments. However, it is unclear whether mass transfer, interfacial resistance or perhaps some combined mechanism controls the rate of Ostwald ripening. One uncertainty limiting predictions of the interfacial resistance model is the lack of information on the oil-to-surfactant ratio in micelles when the concentration of individually dissolved oil molecules slightly exceeds the equilibrium value for a plane oil-water interface, the situation during Ostwald ripening.
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Yan W, Miller CA, Hirasaki GJ. Foam sweep in fractures for enhanced oil recovery. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2006.02.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Airapetian A, Akopov N, Akopov Z, Amarian M, Andrus A, Aschenauer EC, Augustyniak W, Avakian R, Avetissian A, Avetissian E, Bailey P, Belostotski S, Bianchi N, Blok HP, Böttcher H, Borissov A, Borysenko A, Brüll A, Bryzgalov V, Capiluppi M, Capitani GP, Ciullo G, Contalbrigo M, Dalpiaz PF, Deconinck W, De Leo R, Demey M, De Nardo L, De Sanctis E, Devitsin E, Diefenthaler M, Di Nezza P, Dreschler J, Düren M, Ehrenfried M, Elalaoui-Moulay A, Elbakian G, Ellinghaus F, Elschenbroich U, Fabbri R, Fantoni A, Felawka L, Frullani S, Funel A, Gapienko G, Gapienko V, Garibaldi F, Garrow K, Gavrilov G, Gharibyan V, Giordano F, Grebeniouk O, Gregor IM, Griffioen K, Guler H, Hadjidakis C, Hartig M, Hasch D, Hasegawa T, Hesselink WH, Hillenbrand A, Hoek M, Holler Y, Hommez B, Hristova I, Iarygin G, Ivanilov A, Izotov A, Jackson HE, Jgoun A, Kaiser R, Keri T, Kinney E, Kisselev A, Kobayashi T, Kopytin M, Korotkov V, Kozlov V, Krauss B, Kravchenko P, Krivokhijine VG, Lagamba L, Lapikás L, Lenisa P, Liebing P, Linden-Levy LA, Lorenzon W, Lu J, Lu S, Ma BQ, Maiheu B, Makins NCR, Mao Y, Marianski B, Marukyan H, Masoli F, Mexner V, Meyners N, Michler T, Mikloukho O, Miller CA, Miyachi Y, Muccifora V, Murray M, Nagaitsev A, Nappi E, Naryshkin Y, Negodaev M, Nowak WD, Ohsuga H, Osborne A, Perez-Benito R, Pickert N, Raithel M, Reggiani D, Reimer PE, Reischl A, Roelon AR, Riedl C, Rith K, Rosner G, Rostomyan A, Rubacek L, Rubin J, Ryckbosch D, Salomatin Y, Sanjiev I, Savin I, Schäfer A, Schnell G, Schüler KP, Seele J, Seidl R, Seitz B, Shearer C, Shibata TA, Shutov V, Sinram K, Stancari M, Statera M, Steffens E, Steijger JJM, Stenzel H, Stewart J, Stinzing F, Streit J, Tait P, Tanaka H, Taroian S, Tchuiko B, Terkulov A, Trzcinski A, Tytgat M, Vandenbroucke A, van der Nat PB, van der Steenhoven G, van Haarlem Y, Veretennikov D, Vikhrov V, Vogel C, Wang S, Ye Y, Ye Z, Yen S, Zihlmann B, Zupranski P. Double-hadron leptoproduction in the nuclear medium. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2006; 96:162301. [PMID: 16712217 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.96.162301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2005] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The first measurements of double-hadron production in deep-inelastic scattering within the nuclear medium were made with the HERMES spectrometer at DESY HERA using a 27.6 GeV positron beam. By comparing data for deuterium, nitrogen, krypton, and xenon nuclei, the influence of the nuclear medium on the ratio of double-hadron to single-hadron yields was investigated. Nuclear effects on the additional hadron are clearly observed, but with little or no difference among nitrogen, krypton, or xenon, and with smaller magnitude than effects seen on previously measured single-hadron multiplicities. The data are compared with models based on partonic energy loss or prehadronic scattering and with a model based on a purely absorptive treatment of the final-state interactions. Thus, the double-hadron ratio provides an additional tool for studying modifications of hadronization in nuclear matter.
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Airapetian A, Akopov N, Akopov Z, Amarian M, Ammosov VV, Andrus A, Aschenauer EC, Augustyniak W, Avakian R, Avetissian A, Avetissian E, Bailey P, Balin D, Baturin V, Beckmann M, Belostotski S, Bernreuther S, Bianchi N, Blok HP, Böttcher H, Borissov A, Borysenko A, Bouwhuis M, Brack J, Brüll A, Bryzgalov V, Capitani GP, Chen T, Chiang HC, Ciullo G, Contalbrigo M, Dalpiaz PF, De Leo R, Demey M, De Nardo L, De Sanctis E, Devitsin E, Di Nezza P, Dreschler J, Düren M, Ehrenfried M, Elalaoui-Moulay A, Elbakian G, Ellinghaus F, Elschenbroich U, Fabbri R, Fantoni A, Fechtchenko A, Felawka L, Fox B, Frullani S, Gapienko G, Gapienko V, Garibaldi F, Garrow K, Garutti E, Gaskell D, Gavrilov G, Gharibyan V, Graw G, Grebeniouk O, Greeniaus LG, Gregor IM, Hafidi K, Hartig M, Hasch D, Heesbeen D, Henoch M, Hertenberger R, Hesselink WHA, Hillenbrand A, Hoek M, Holler Y, Hommez B, Iarygin G, Ivanilov A, Izotov A, Jackson HE, Jgoun A, Kaiser R, Kinney E, Kisselev A, Kopytin M, Korotkov V, Kozlov V, Krauss B, Krivokhijine VG, Lagamba L, Lapikás L, Laziev A, Lenisa P, Liebing P, Linden-Levy LA, Lipka K, Lorenzon W, Lu H, Lu J, Lu S, Ma BQ, Maiheu B, Makins NCR, Mao Y, Marianski B, Marukyan H, Masoli F, Mexner V, Meyners N, Mikloukho O, Miller CA, Miyachi Y, Muccifora V, Nagaitsev A, Nappi E, Naryshkin Y, Nass A, Negodaev M, Nowak WD, Oganessyan K, Ohsuga H, Pickert N, Potashov S, Potterveld DH, Raithel M, Reggiani D, Reimer PE, Reischl A, Reolon AR, Riedl C, Rith K, Rosner G, Rostomyan A, Rubacek L, Rubin J, Ryckbosch D, Salomatin Y, Sanjiev I, Savin I, Schäfer A, Schill C, Schnell G, Schüler KP, Seele J, Seidl R, Seitz B, Shanidze R, Shearer C, Shibata TA, Shutov V, Simani MC, Sinram K, Stancari M, Statera M, Steffens E, Steijger JJM, Stenzel H, Stewart J, Stinzing F, Stösslein U, Tait P, Tanaka H, Taroian S, Tchuiko B, Terkulov A, Tkabladze A, Trzcinski A, Tytgat M, Vandenbroucke A, van der Nat PB, van der Steenhoven G, Vetterli MC, Vikhrov V, Vincter MG, Vogel C, Vogt M, Volmer J, Weiskopf C, Wendland J, Wilbert J, Ye Y, Ye Z, Yen S, Zihlmann B, Zupranski P. Measurement of the tensor structure function b1 of the deuteron. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 95:242001. [PMID: 16384369 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.242001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The Hermes experiment has investigated the tensor spin structure of the deuteron using the 27.6 GeV/c positron beam of DESY HERA. The use of a tensor-polarized deuteron gas target with only a negligible residual vector polarization enabled the first measurement of the tensor asymmetry A(d)zz and the tensor structure function b(d)1 for average values of the Bjorken variable 0.01< <x> <0.45 and of the negative of the squared four-momentum transfer 0.5 GeV2 < <Q2> <5 GeV2. The quantities A(d)zz and b(d)1 are found to be nonzero. The rise of b(d)1 for decreasing values of x can be interpreted to originate from the same mechanism that leads to nuclear shadowing in unpolarized scattering.
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Roberson ED, Hesse JH, Rose KD, Slama H, Johnson JK, Yaffe K, Forman MS, Miller CA, Trojanowski JQ, Kramer JH, Miller BL. Frontotemporal dementia progresses to death faster than Alzheimer disease. Neurology 2005; 65:719-25. [PMID: 16157905 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000173837.82820.9f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) is a common cause of non-Alzheimer dementia, but its natural history and the factors related to mortality in affected patients are not well understood. METHODS This retrospective, longitudinal study compared survival in FTLD (n = 177) with Alzheimer disease (AD; n = 395). Hazards analysis investigated the contribution of various demographic, neuropsychiatric, and neuropsychological variables and associated neurologic and neuropathologic findings. RESULTS The frontotemporal dementia (FTD) subtype of FTLD progressed faster than AD (median survival from retrospectively determined symptom onset, 8.7 +/- 1.2 vs 11.8 +/- 0.6 years, p < 0.0001; median survival from initial clinic presentation, 3.0 +/- 0.5 vs 5.7 +/- 0.1 years, p < 0.0001). Survival was similarly reduced in the related conditions corticobasal degeneration and progressive supranuclear palsy. Survival in the semantic dementia subtype of FTLD (11.9 +/- 0.2 years from onset and 5.3 +/- 0.4 years from presentation), however, was significantly longer than in FTD and did not differ from AD. Hazards analysis to determine factors affecting survival in FTLD showed no effect of age at onset, sex, education, family history, or neuropsychiatric profile. Among neuropsychological measures examined, impaired letter fluency had a significant association with reduced survival. Associated ALS significantly reduced survival in FTLD. The presence of tau-positive inclusions was associated with the slowest progression. CONCLUSIONS Frontotemporal lobar degeneration progresses more rapidly than Alzheimer disease, and the fastest-progressing cases are those with the frontotemporal dementia clinical subtype, coexisting motor neuron disease, or tau-negative neuropathology.
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Airapetian A, Akopov N, Akopov Z, Amarian M, Andrus A, Aschenauer EC, Augustyniak W, Avakian R, Avetissian A, Avetissian E, Bacchetta A, Bailey P, Balin D, Beckmann M, Belostotski S, Bianchi N, Blok HP, Böttcher H, Borissov A, Borysenko A, Bouwhuis M, Brüll A, Bryzgalov V, Capitani GP, Cappiluppi M, Chen T, Ciullo G, Contalbrigo M, Dalpiaz PF, Leo RD, Demey M, Nardo LD, Sanctis ED, Devitsin E, Nezza PD, Düren M, Ehrenfried M, Elalaoui-Moulay A, Elbakian G, Ellinghaus F, Elschenbroich U, Fabbri R, Fantoni A, Fechtchenko A, Felawka L, Frullani S, Gapienko G, Gapienko V, Garibaldi F, Garrow K, Gavrilov G, Gharibyan V, Grebeniouk O, Gregor IM, Hadjidakis C, Hafidi K, Hartig M, Hasch D, Henoch M, Hesselink WHA, Hillenbrand A, Hoek M, Holler Y, Hommez B, Hristova I, Iarygin G, Ilyichev A, Ivanilov A, Izotov A, Jackson HE, Jgoun A, Kaiser R, Kinney E, Kisselev A, Kobayashi T, Kopytin M, Korotkov V, Kozlov V, Krauss B, Krivokhijine VG, Lagamba L, Lapikás L, Laziev A, Lenisa P, Liebing P, Linden-Levy LA, Lorenzon W, Lu H, Lu J, Lu S, Ma BQ, Maiheu B, Makins NCR, Mao Y, Marianski B, Marukyan H, Masoli F, Mexner V, Meyners N, Michler T, Mikloukho O, Miller CA, Miyachi Y, Muccifora V, Nagaitsev A, Nappi E, Naryshkin Y, Nass A, Negodaev M, Nowak WD, Oganessyan K, Ohsuga H, Osborne A, Pickert N, Potterveld DH, Raithel M, Reggiani D, Reimer PE, Reischl A, Reolon AR, Riedl C, Rith K, Rosner G, Rostomyan A, Rubacek L, Rubin J, Ryckbosch D, Salomatin Y, Sanjiev I, Savin I, Schäfer A, Schill C, Schnell G, Schüler KP, Seele J, Seidl R, Seitz B, Shanidze R, Shearer C, Shibata TA, Shutov V, Sinram K, Sommer W, Stancari M, Statera M, Steffens E, Steijger JJM, Stenzel H, Stewart J, Stinzing F, Tait P, Tanaka H, Taroian S, Tchuiko B, Terkulov A, Trzcinski A, Tytgat M, Vandenbroucke A, van der Nat PB, van der Steenhoven G, van Haarlem Y, Vetterli MC, Vikhrov V, Vincter MG, Vogel C, Volmer J, Wang S, Wendland J, Wilbert J, Smit GY, Ye Y, Ye Z, Yen S, Zihlmann B, Zupranski P. Single-spin asymmetries in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering on a transversely polarized hydrogen target. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 94:012002. [PMID: 15698069 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.012002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Single-spin asymmetries for semi-inclusive electroproduction of charged pions in deep-inelastic scattering of positrons are measured for the first time with transverse target polarization. The asymmetry depends on the azimuthal angles of both the pion (phi) and the target spin axis (phi(S)) about the virtual-photon direction and relative to the lepton scattering plane. The extracted Fourier component sin((phi+phi(S))(pi)(UT) is a signal of the previously unmeasured quark transversity distribution, in conjunction with the Collins fragmentation function, also unknown. The component sin((phi-phi(S)(pi)(UT) arises from a correlation between the transverse polarization of the target nucleon and the intrinsic transverse momentum of quarks, as represented by the previously unmeasured Sivers distribution function. Evidence for both signals is observed, but the Sivers asymmetry may be affected by exclusive vector meson production.
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Zhang H, Miller CA, Garrett PR, Raney KH. Lauryl alcohol and amine oxide as foam stabilizers in the presence of hardness and oily soil. J SURFACTANTS DETERG 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s11743-005-0337-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Zhang H, Miller CA, Garrett PR, Raney KH. Defoaming effect of calcium soap. J Colloid Interface Sci 2004; 279:539-47. [PMID: 15464822 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2004.06.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2004] [Accepted: 06/30/2004] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The effect of calcium oleate on foam stability was studied for aqueous solutions of two commonly used surfactants (anionic and nonionic) under alkaline conditions in the absence of oil. For the anionic surfactant, defoaming by calcium oleate appears to involve two mechanisms. One is that oleate and calcium ions are presumably incorporated into the surfactant monolayers with a resulting decrease in the maximum of the disjoining pressure curve and therefore produces less stable thin films. The other is bridging of the films by calcium oleate particles. The latter mechanism was especially important in freshly made solutions where precipitation in the aqueous phase was still occurring when the foam was generated. Foams generated after aging (hours) when precipitation was nearly complete were more stable even though solution turbidities were greater. Foams of the nonionic surfactant were less stable than those of the anionic surfactant but were also destabilized by sufficient amounts of calcium oleate and exhibited a similar aging effect. A simplified model was developed for estimating the sodium oleate concentration at which precipitation commences in solutions of the anionic surfactant containing dissolved calcium. It includes enhancement of calcium content in the electrical double layers of the surfactant micelles. Predictions of the model were in agreement with experiment.
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Peña AA, Hirasaki GJ, Miller CA. Chemically Induced Destabilization of Water-in-Crude Oil Emulsions. Ind Eng Chem Res 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/ie049666i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Bai J, Miller CA. Experiments and modeling of growth of myelinic figures in Aerosol OT/water system. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2004.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Srivastava RK, Miller CA, Erickson C, Jambhekar R. Emissions of sulfur trioxide from coal-fired power plants. JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION (1995) 2004; 54:750-762. [PMID: 15242154 DOI: 10.1080/10473289.2004.10470943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Emissions of sulfur trioxide (SO3) are a key component of plume opacity and acid deposition. Consequently, these emissions need to be low enough to not cause opacity violations and acid deposition. Generally, a small fraction of sulfur (S) in coal is converted to SO3 in coal-fired combustion devices such as electric utility boilers. The emissions of SO3 from such a boiler depend on coal S content, combustion conditions, flue gas characteristics, and air pollution devices being used. It is well known that the catalyst used in the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) technology for nitrogen oxides control oxidizes a small fraction of sulfur dioxide in the flue gas to SO3. The extent of this oxidation depends on the catalyst formulation and SCR operating conditions. Gas-phase SO3 and sulfuric acid, on being quenched in plant equipment (e.g., air preheater and wet scrubber), result in fine acidic mist, which can cause increased plume opacity and undesirable emissions. Recently, such effects have been observed at plants firing high-S coal and equipped with SCR systems and wet scrubbers. This paper investigates the factors that affect acidic mist production in coal-fired electric utility boilers and discusses approaches for mitigating emission of this mist.
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Airapetian A, Akopov N, Akopov Z, Amarian M, Ammosov VV, Andrus A, Aschenauer EC, Augustyniak W, Avakian R, Avetissian A, Avetissian E, Bailey P, Baturin V, Baumgarten C, Beckmann M, Belostotski S, Bernreuther S, Bianchi N, Blok HP, Böttcher H, Borissov A, Bouwhuis M, Brack J, Brüll A, Bryzgalov V, Capitani GP, Chiang HC, Ciullo G, Contalbrigo M, Dalpiaz PF, De Leo R, De Nardo L, De Sanctis E, Devitsin E, Di Nezza P, Düren M, Ehrenfried M, Elalaoui-Moulay A, Elbakian G, Ellinghaus F, Elschenbroich U, Ely J, Fabbri R, Fantoni A, Fechtchenko A, Felawka L, Fox B, Franz J, Frullani S, Gärber Y, Gapienko G, Gapienko V, Garibaldi F, Garrow K, Garutti E, Gaskell D, Gavrilov G, Gharibyan V, Graw G, Grebeniouk O, Greeniaus LG, Hafidi K, Hartig M, Hasch D, Heesbeen D, Henoch M, Hertenberger R, Hesselink WHA, Hillenbrand A, Hoek M, Holler Y, Hommez B, Iarygin G, Ivanilov A, Izotov A, Jackson HE, Jgoun A, Kaiser R, Kinney E, Kisselev A, Königsmann K, Kopytin M, Korotkov V, Kozlov V, Krauss B, Krivokhijine VG, Lagamba L, Lapikás L, Laziev A, Lenisa P, Liebing P, Lindemann T, Lipka K, Lorenzon W, Lu J, Maiheu B, Makins NCR, Marianski B, Marukyan H, Masoli F, Mexner V, Meyners N, Mikloukho O, Miller CA, Miyachi Y, Muccifora V, Nagaitsev A, Nappi E, Naryshkin Y, Nass A, Negodaev M, Nowak WD, Oganessyan K, Ohsuga H, Orlandi G, Pickert N, Potashov S, Potterveld DH, Raithel M, Reggiani D, Reimer PE, Reischl A, Reolon AR, Riedl C, Rith K, Rosner G, Rostomyan A, Rubacek L, Ryckbosch D, Salomatin Y, Sanjiev I, Savin I, Scarlett C, Schäfer A, Schill C, Schnell G, Schüler KP, Schwind A, Seele J, Seidl R, Seitz B, Shanidze R, Shearer C, Shibata TA, Shutov V, Simani MC, Sinram K, Stancari M, Statera M, Steffens E, Steijger JJM, Stewart J, Stösslein U, Tait P, Tanaka H, Taroian S, Tchuiko B, Terkulov A, Tkabladze A, Trzcinski A, Tytgat M, Vandenbroucke A, Van Der Nat P, Van Der Steenhoven G, Vetterli MC, Vikhrov V, Vincter MG, Visser J, Vogel C, Vogt M, Volmer J, Weiskopf C, Wendland J, Wilbert J, Ybeles Smit G, Yen S, Zihlmann B, Zohrabian H, Zupranski P. Flavor decomposition of the sea-quark helicity distributions in the nucleon from semiinclusive deep inelastic scattering. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2004; 92:012005. [PMID: 14753985 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.92.012005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Double-spin asymmetries of semiinclusive cross sections for the production of identified pions and kaons have been measured in deep inelastic scattering of polarized positrons on a polarized deuterium target. Five helicity distributions including those for three sea quark flavors were extracted from these data together with reanalyzed previous data for identified pions from a hydrogen target. These distributions are consistent with zero for all three sea flavors. A recently predicted flavor asymmetry in the polarization of the light quark sea appears to be disfavored by the data.
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Hurrell-Gillingham K, Reaney IM, Miller CA, Crawford A, Hatton PV. Devitrification of ionomer glass and its effect on the in vitro biocompatibility of glass-ionomer cements. Biomaterials 2003; 24:3153-60. [PMID: 12895588 DOI: 10.1016/s0142-9612(03)00124-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The effects of devitrification of an ionomer glass with a molar composition 4.5SiO(2).3Al(2)O(3).1.5P(2)O(5).3CaO.2CaF(2) on cement formation and in vitro biocompatibility were investigated. Differential thermal analysis was used to study the phase evolution in the glass, and to determine the heat treatments for production of glass-ceramics. X-ray diffraction patterns from glass frit heat-treated at 750 degrees C for 2h contained peaks corresponding to apatite (JCPDS 15-876), whereas for samples heat-treated at 950 degrees C for 2h apatite and mullite (JCPDS 15-776) were the major phases detected. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed that apatite and apatite-mullite phases were present after heat treatments at 750 degrees C and 950 degrees C respectively. Glass and glass-ceramics were ground to prepare <45microm powders and glass ionomer cements were produced using a ratio of 1g powder: 0.2g PAA: 0.3g 10% m/v tartaric acid solution in water. In vitro biocompatibility was evaluated using cultured rat osteosarcoma (ROS) cells. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that cells colonised the surfaces of cements prepared using untreated ionomer glass and glass crystallised to form apatite (750 degrees C/2h). However, quantitative evaluation using MTT and total protein assays indicated that more cell growth occurred in the presence of cements prepared using ionomer glasses crystallised to apatite than cements prepared using untreated glass. The least cell growth and respiratory activity was observed on cements made with crystallised glass containing both apatite and mullite. It was concluded that the controlled devitrification of ionomer glasses could be used to produce GIC bone cements with improved biocompatibility.
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Zhang H, Miller CA, Garrett PR, Raney KH. Mechanism for defoaming by oils and calcium soap in aqueous systems. J Colloid Interface Sci 2003; 263:633-44. [PMID: 12909057 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9797(03)00367-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The effect of oils, hardness, and calcium soap on foam stability of aqueous solutions of commercial surfactants was investigated. For conditions where negligible calcium soap was formed, stability of foams made with 0.1 wt% solutions of a seven-EO alcohol ethoxylate containing dispersed drops of n-hexadecane, triolein, or mixtures of these oils with small amounts of oleic acid could be understood in terms of entry, spreading, and bridging coefficients, i.e., ESB analysis. However, foams made from solutions containing 0.01 wt% of three-EO alcohol ethoxysulfate sodium salt and the same dispersed oils were frequently more stable than expected based on ESB analysis, reflecting that repulsion due to overlap of electrical double layers in the asymmetric oil-water-air film made oil entry into the air-water interface more difficult than the theory predicts. When calcium soap was formed in situ by the reaction of fatty acids in the oil with calcium, solid soap particles were observed at the surfaces of the oil drops. The combination of oil and calcium soap produced a synergistic effect facilitating the well-known bridging instability of foam films or Plateau borders and producing a substantial defoaming effect. A possible mechanism of instability involving increases in disjoining pressure at locations where small soap particles approach the air-water interface is discussed. For both surfactants with the triolein-oleic acid mixtures, calculated entry and bridging coefficients for conditions when calcium soap formed were positive shortly after foam generation but negative at equilibrium. These results are consistent with the experimental observation that most defoaming action occurred shortly after foam generation rather than at later times.
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