26
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Davidson DL, Campbell JB, Page RA. The initiation and growth of fatigue cracks in a titanium aluminide alloy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02656806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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27
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Chan KS, Davidson DL. Effects of interfacial strength on fatigue crack growth in a fiberreinforced Ti-alloy composite. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02672576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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28
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Abstract
The case of a 65 year old female with myasthenia gravis and hypercalcaemia is presented. Failure of medical control of the myasthenia necessitated thymectomy at which time parathyroid exploration was also carried out. This revealed parathyroid hyperplasia and a thymoma. This association has not been previously documented in the literature.
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29
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Davidson DL, Naylor GJ. Reduced ouabain binding to erythrocytes in epilepsy--evidence for a membrane abnormality. Epilepsy Res 1988; 2:387-90. [PMID: 2848701 DOI: 10.1016/0920-1211(88)90050-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The number of sodium pump sites on erythrocytes was measured using tritiated ouabain in 20 untreated fasted patients with recent-onset untreated primary generalised or partial seizures and in 22 age- and sex-matched controls. The ouabain binding was significantly lower at 1393 +/- 392 molecules ouabain/pl cells compared to 1677 +/- 366 molecules ouabain/pl cells in the group with epilepsy (P less than 0.02). The differences between ouabain binding in patient and control groups were greater for males than for females. There were no significant differences between patients with generalised and those with partial seizures. These results are consistent with a generalised membrane abnormality in epilepsy which, if present in the brain, might predispose to seizures.
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30
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Davidson DL, Ward NI. Abnormal aluminium, cobalt, manganese, strontium and zinc concentrations in untreated epilepsy. Epilepsy Res 1988; 2:323-30. [PMID: 3197701 DOI: 10.1016/0920-1211(88)90041-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The concentration of 38 trace and bulk elements in the serum from 19 patients with recent onset of epilepsy and 20 age- and sex-matched controls was estimated by neutron activation analysis or inductively coupled plasma source by mass spectrometry. The concentrations of aluminium, strontium and zinc were significantly higher and the concentrations of cobalt and manganese were significantly lower than controls. Low concentrations of manganese and high concentrations of zinc in epilepsy have been previously reported but the abnormalities of aluminium, cobalt and strontium are new findings. The possible significance of these results in the pathogenesis of epilepsy is discussed.
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31
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Schoof DD, Gramolini BA, Davidson DL, Massaro AF, Wilson RE, Eberlein TJ. Adoptive immunotherapy of human cancer using low-dose recombinant interleukin 2 and lymphokine-activated killer cells. Cancer Res 1988; 48:5007-10. [PMID: 3261630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The adoptive transfer of recombinant-methionyl human interleukin 2 (rIL-2)-activated autologous peripheral blood mononuclear lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells to cancer patients is being evaluated as an alternative to conventional cancer therapy. We have independently developed an alternative regimen to previously reported adoptive immunotherapy protocols using rIL-2 and LAK cells which features the prolonged administration of low-dose rIL-2 (30,000 units/kg) and an automated, entirely enclosed system of peripheral blood cell procurement, culture, harvest, and reinfusion of activated cells. The cell culture system was tested with a murine tumor model in which LAK cells generated in plastic culture bags were reinfused into tumor-bearing mice. Tumor regression was as effective with cells activated in the bags as in conventional culture flasks. Twenty-eight cancer patients were treated for 5 consecutive days with low-dose rIL-2, followed by leukapheresis, infusion of LAK cells, and prolonged IL-2 administration. At least 50% tumor regression was observed in 46% of all patients treated. These data imply that human peripheral blood mononuclear cells retain fully their capacity for rIL-2-induced activation and effector cell function under this alternative approach, and further, that a low-dose rIL-2 regimen with markedly reduced toxicities can be as effective as high-dose rIL-2 regimens if low-dose rIL-2 is given for a prolonged period of time following LAK cell infusion.
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32
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Connacher AA, Borsey DQ, Browning MC, Davidson DL, Jung RT. The effective evaluation of thyroid status in patients on phenytoin, carbamazepine or sodium valproate attending an epilepsy clinic. Postgrad Med J 1987; 63:841-5. [PMID: 3128778 PMCID: PMC2428633 DOI: 10.1136/pgmj.63.744.841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
To assess the most efficient means of monitoring thyroid status in an epilepsy clinic, total thyroxine (T4), free thyroxine stimulating hormone (TSH) were measured in 71 adult patients treated long-term with either phenytoin (DPH), carbamazepine (CBZ) or sodium valproate (VAL). Twenty-seven patients with one or more abnormal thyroid hormone results were further investigated by a thyrotrophin releasing hormone (TRH) test and clinical assessment. T4 was found to be normal in 85% on VAL, 40% on CBZ and 39% on DPH. FT4 was normal in more patients, namely 95% on VAL, 70% on CBZ and 65% on DPH. The TRH tests indicated that FT4 was the most efficient screening test for hypothyroidism in this epileptic population. We estimate that the use of FT4 alone as a screening test would have reduced by 60% the number of TRH tests required.
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33
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Hockings N, Pall A, Moody J, Davidson AV, Davidson DL. The effects of age on carbamazepine pharmacokinetics and adverse effects. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1986; 22:725-8. [PMID: 3567018 PMCID: PMC1401196 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1986.tb02965.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The pharmacokinetics and effect of single oral doses of carbamazepine (400 mg) were compared in a group of six young volunteers aged between 20 and 25 years, and a second group of five elderly volunteers aged between 66 and 84 years. No age related changes in salivary or plasma pharmacokinetics or in psychomotor function were detected.
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34
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Hunter MI, Nlemadim BC, Davidson DL. Lipid peroxidation products and antioxidant proteins in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid from multiple sclerosis patients. Neurochem Res 1985; 10:1645-52. [PMID: 4088434 DOI: 10.1007/bf00988606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Lipid peroxidation (LPx) products were measured as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TS) and lipid-soluble fluorescent pigments (FP) in both plasma and CSF from MS patients and controls. Although no significant changes were found in MS plasma, we report here for the first time increases in both TS and FP in MS CSF (p less than 0.05 and p less than 0.01, respectively, compared with patients with other neurological diseases), indicating that increased LPx in CNS may be a feature of MS. Levels of transferrin were normal but caeruloplasmin (CP), a major antioxidant plasma protein, was significantly raised in MS patients (p less than 0.01) and this may represent an adaptive response to increased oxidative challenge. Neither of these proteins was detectable in CSF using radial immunodiffusion. There was no significant correlation between the severity or duration of the disease nor the period since the last relapse and either LPx products or CP suggesting that the changes observed in this work are not simply the direct result of demyelination and tissue damage.
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35
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Davidson DL. Hyperbaric oxygen treatment for multiple sclerosis. THE PRACTITIONER 1984; 228:903-905. [PMID: 6384987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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36
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Davidson DL, Lankford J. Fatigue crack growth mechanics for Ti-6Al-4V (RA) in vacuum and humid air. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1984. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02664906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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37
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Hunter MI, Lao MS, Burtles SS, Davidson DL. Erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes in multiple sclerosis and the effect of hyperbaric oxygen. Neurochem Res 1984; 9:507-16. [PMID: 6462325 DOI: 10.1007/bf00964377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase, were not significantly different from normal whereas that of superoxide dismutase was decreased (P less than 0.05) in erythrocytes from patients with multiple sclerosis. Assay of the lipid peroxidation product, malondialdehyde, after incubation of erythrocytes with 10 mM H2O2 under carefully controlled conditions (peroxide stress test) demonstrated that MS erythrocytes are significantly (P less than 0.001) less susceptible to H2O2-induced lipid peroxidation in vitro. This finding suggests that the level of an endogenous antioxidant, possibly vitamin E, may be elevated in MS red cells. After treatment with hyperbaric O2, the activity of MS erythrocyte catalase is significantly (P less than 0.01) elevated by 2-6-fold.
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38
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Hunter MI, Lao MS, Davidson DL. Erythrocyte membrane glycerophospholipid organization is normal in multiple sclerosis. Neurochem Res 1984; 9:103-8. [PMID: 6717729 DOI: 10.1007/bf00967662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The phospholipid composition of erythrocyte membranes from patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) was found to be normal, in agreement with previous reports. The transbilayer asymmetry of the glycerophospholipids in MS red cells was probed using bee venom phospholipase A2 and was also found not to be significantly different from normal. Abnormal membrane glycerophospholipid organisation is therefore not involved in the increased red cell size, osmotic fragility, and electrophoretic mobility associated with MS.
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39
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40
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Schulson EM, Davidson DL, Viens D. Flow localization accompanying the intergranular fracture of Ni3Al. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1983. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02664841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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41
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42
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Lankford J, Davidson DL. Wear debris due to mode II opening of mode I fatigue cracks in an aluminum alloy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1983. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02670462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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43
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Leheny WA, Davidson DL, deVane P, House AO, Lenman JA. HLA antigens in Parkinson's disease. TISSUE ANTIGENS 1983; 21:260-1. [PMID: 6602398 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.1983.tb00167.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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44
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Tremblay GF, Anderson JM, Davidson DL. Brain biopsy in the diagnosis of cerebral mycosis fungoides. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1982; 45:175-8. [PMID: 7069432 PMCID: PMC1083049 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.45.2.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A case of cerebral mycosis fungoides co-existing with progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy presented with dementia. Brain biopsy established the diagnosis of mycosis fungoides after cerebrospinal fluid examinations and computerised tomographic scanning of the brain produced non-specific abnormalities.
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45
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Davidson DL, Groccia JE. A humanistic approach to counseling in critical care. Crit Care Nurse 1981; 1:28-30. [PMID: 6914262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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46
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Davidson DL. Book Review: The Treatment of Epilepsy (Current Status of Modem Therapy, Vol. 5). Scott Med J 1981. [DOI: 10.1177/003693308102600328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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47
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Davidson DL, Groccia JE. A humanistic approach to counseling in critical care. Crit Care Nurse 1981. [DOI: 10.4037/ccn1981.1.4.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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48
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Abbott RJ, Browning MC, Davidson DL. Serum prolactin and cortisol concentrations after grand mal seizures. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1980; 43:163-7. [PMID: 6766989 PMCID: PMC490492 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.43.2.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Serial serum prolactin and cortisol levels were measured in five patients after a grand mal seizure and in four volunteers with simulated seizures. Single levels were measured after a witnessed seizure in 26 patients and in a matched control group. Significant increase in both prolactin and cortisol levels occurred after seizures. The change in cortisol level may reflect a non-specific stress response, but the increase in prolactin levels could not be accounted for on this basis, and probably indicates an alteration in hypothalamic neurotransmitter activity during the seizure. These findings may have clinical value in the diagnosis of epilepsy.
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49
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Kuntz RE, Davidson DL, Huang TC, Tulloch GS. Scanning electron microscopy of the integumental surfaces of Schistosoma bovis. J Helminthol 1979; 53:131-2. [PMID: 479543 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x0000585x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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50
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House AO, Abbott RJ, Davidson DL, Ferguson IT, Lenman JA. Response to penicillamine of lead concentrations in CSF and blood in patients with motor neurone disease. BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 1978; 2:1684. [PMID: 737439 PMCID: PMC1608994 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.2.6153.1684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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