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Reutrakul S, Park JC, McAnany JJ, Chau FY, Danielson KK, Prasad B, Cross A, Sintetas S, Law J, Pannain S, Pratuangtham S, Van Cauter E, Hanlon EC. Dysregulated 24 h melatonin secretion associated with intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell function in diabetic retinopathy: a cross-sectional study. Diabetologia 2024; 67:1114-1121. [PMID: 38413436 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-024-06118-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The aim of this study was to explore whether diabetic retinopathy is associated with alterations of the circadian system, and to examine the role of reduced intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell (ipRGC) function. METHODS Participants with type 2 diabetes, with diabetic retinopathy (n=14) and without diabetic retinopathy (n=9) underwent 24 h blood sampling for melatonin and cortisol under controlled laboratory conditions. ipRGC function was inferred from the post-illumination pupil response (PIPR). Habitual sleep duration, efficiency and variability were assessed by actigraphy. RESULTS Participants with diabetic retinopathy compared to participants without diabetic retinopathy had smaller PIPR (p=0.007), lower 24 h serum melatonin output (p=0.042) and greater day-to-day sleep variability (p=0.012). By contrast, 24 h cortisol profiles, sleep duration and efficiency were similar in both groups. Six individuals with diabetic retinopathy had no detectable dim-light melatonin onset. PIPR correlated with 24 h mean melatonin levels (r=0.555, p=0.007). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION ipRCG dysfunction in diabetic retinopathy is associated with disruptions of the 24 h melatonin rhythm, suggesting circadian dysregulation in diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirimon Reutrakul
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Jason C Park
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - J Jason McAnany
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Felix Y Chau
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kirstie K Danielson
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bharati Prasad
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Jessie Brown Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Andrew Cross
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stephanie Sintetas
- Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Julie Law
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Silvana Pannain
- Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sarida Pratuangtham
- Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Eve Van Cauter
- Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Erin C Hanlon
- Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Stangerup I, Kjeldsen SAS, Richter MM, Jensen NJ, Rungby J, Haugaard SB, Georg B, Hannibal J, Møllgård K, Wewer Albrechtsen NJ, Bjørnbak Holst C. Glucagon does not directly stimulate pituitary secretion of ACTH, GH or copeptin. Peptides 2024; 176:171213. [PMID: 38604379 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Glucagon is best known for its contribution to glucose regulation through activation of the glucagon receptor (GCGR), primarily located in the liver. However, glucagon's impact on other organs may also contribute to its potent effects in health and disease. Given that glucagon-based medicine is entering the arena of anti-obesity drugs, elucidating extrahepatic actions of glucagon are of increased importance. It has been reported that glucagon may stimulate secretion of arginine-vasopressin (AVP)/copeptin, growth hormone (GH) and adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) from the pituitary gland. Nevertheless, the mechanisms and whether GCGR is present in human pituitary are unknown. In this study we found that intravenous administration of 0.2 mg glucagon to 14 healthy subjects was not associated with increases in plasma concentrations of copeptin, GH, ACTH or cortisol over a 120-min period. GCGR immunoreactivity was present in the anterior pituitary but not in cells containing GH or ACTH. Collectively, glucagon may not directly stimulate secretion of GH, ACTH or AVP/copeptin in humans but may instead be involved in yet unidentified pituitary functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Stangerup
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital - Nordsjælland, Hillerød, Denmark.
| | - Sasha A S Kjeldsen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael M Richter
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicole J Jensen
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark; Department of Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jørgen Rungby
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Steen Bendix Haugaard
- Department of Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Georg
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Hannibal
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kjeld Møllgård
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicolai J Wewer Albrechtsen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Camilla Bjørnbak Holst
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Duan J, Shen S, Lei C, Gao S, Chang T, Zhang Y, Zhang M. CHOROIDAL AND RETINAL ABNORMALITIES IN CUSHING SYNDROME: Correlation with the Cortisol Level. Retina 2024; 44:861-867. [PMID: 38109708 DOI: 10.1097/iae.0000000000004023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the structure and blood flow of the retina and choroid in Cushing syndrome and their relationship with cortisol levels. METHODS A consecutive series of patients with Cushing syndrome with adrenocortical carcinoma were included in this study. Cortisol levels gradually returned to normal after adrenalectomy. Optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography angiography were used to assess patients with Cushing syndrome before and after the surgery for retina and choroid. Correlation analysis was performed between cortisol level and fundus changes. RESULTS Compared with normal cortisol levels, patients with Cushing syndrome had significantly lower central macular thickness with increased cortisol level (220.82 ± 16.59 µ m and 223.68 ± 15.78 µ m, P = 0.019). However, the central choroidal thickness was higher with increased cortisol level (255.18 ± 105.89 µ m and 205.94 ± 87.04 µ m, P < 0.001). The choriocapillaris flow area was higher with increased cortisol level (2.05 ± 0.14 mm 2 and 2.00 ± 0.13 mm 2 , P = 0.02). The change of choriocapillaris flow area was correlated with the score of Huaxi Emotional-distress Index and 24-hour urine-free cortisol (24h-UFC). CONCLUSION The increased cortisol level was correlated with lesser central macular thickness and thicker central choroidal thickness. The decrease of choriocapillaris flow area was correlated with 24h-UFC, indicating the effect of increased cortisol level on choroidal vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Duan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Research Laboratory of Macular Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; and
| | - Sikui Shen
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunyan Lei
- Department of Ophthalmology and Research Laboratory of Macular Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; and
| | - Sheng Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Research Laboratory of Macular Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; and
| | - Tiancong Chang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Research Laboratory of Macular Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; and
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Research Laboratory of Macular Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; and
| | - Meixia Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Research Laboratory of Macular Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; and
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Mizumoto Y, Hirakawa A, Sugiura Y, Nishikawa T, Nishimoto K, Mano Y, Higashi T. Determination of three C18-oxygenated steroids in adrenal lesion segments in primary aldosteronism by super-selective adrenal venous sampling and LC/ESI-MS/MS. Biomed Chromatogr 2024; 38:e5841. [PMID: 38324999 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Super-selective adrenal venous sampling (ssAVS) can collect the adrenal tributary venous blood in the aldosterone (ALD)-hypersecreting segments in primary aldosteronism. The concentrations of the C18-oxygenated steroids, especially 18-oxocortisol (18-oxoF), in the lesion segments might be more useful indices than those in the peripheral or adrenal central veins (current candidate indexes) for the differential diagnosis of unilateral ALD-producing adenoma (APA) and bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (BAH). To verify this hypothesis, we developed a liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS) method for simultaneously quantifying ALD, 18-oxoF and 18-hydroxycortisol in the adrenal tributary venous serum sample collected by ssAVS (ssAVS serum) and compared their concentrations between APA and BAH patients. Only deproteinization was required for a 10 μl sample prior to the LC/ESI-MS/MS analysis. Endogenous corticoids did not interfere with the quantifications, and the intra-assay and interassay precisions (≤ 8.3%) and accuracies (94.2-102.7%) were acceptable. The clinical study revealed that the 18-oxoF concentration was significantly higher in the ALD-producing tumor tissues (from APA patients) than in the hyperplastic tissues (from BAH patients). However, in conclusion, the 18-oxoF concentration in the ssAVS serum sample can be a rough indication but cannot be decisive for the differential diagnosis between APA and BAH owing to the significant individual difference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Mizumoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Ayaka Hirakawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Yuki Sugiura
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Multiomics Platform, Center for Cancer Immunotherapy and Immunobiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Nishikawa
- Endocrinology & Diabetes Center, Yokohama Rosai Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Koshiro Nishimoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Yasunari Mano
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Higashi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
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Jolicoeur V, Houde M, Loseto L, Michaud R, Verreault J. Variations in thyroid hormone levels in endangered St. Lawrence Estuary belugas: Potential linkage with stress and organohalogen contaminant exposure. Environ Int 2024; 186:108647. [PMID: 38615542 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The St. Lawrence Estuary (SLE) beluga (Delphinapterus leucas) population is highly exposed to an array of contaminants that were identified as one of the causes to the non-recovery of this endangered and declining population. In the last decade, an increasing number of parturition-associated complications and calf mortality has been reported in this population. It was suggested that elevated exposure to organohalogens (e.g., the halogenated flame retardants polybrominated diphenyl ethers [PBDEs]) and stress could play a role in this phenomenon by perturbing thyroid hormones. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of concentrations of organohalogen contaminants and stress (cortisol levels) on thyroid hormone variations in adult male and female SLE belugas. Because plasma could not be collected in SLE belugas for ethical reasons, skin biopsy (n = 40) was used as a less-invasive alternative matrix to determine organohalogens (PBDEs and other halogenated flame retardants, polychlorinated biphenyls, and organochlorine pesticides), cortisol, and thyroid hormones (triiodothyronine [T3] and thyroxine [T4]), and their metabolites reverse T3 and 3,5-diiodothyronine [3,5-T2]). Cortisol and thyroid hormones were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-multiple reactions monitoring mass spectrometry (UPLC-MRM/MS). This method was compared using skin and plasma samples obtained from Arctic belugas. Comparisons of linear models showed that cortisol was a weak predictor for T4, rT3 and 3,5-T2. Specifically, there was a weak significant negative association between T4 and cortisol levels. Moreover, in male SLE belugas, a weak significant positive association was found between T3 and Σ34PBDE concentrations in skin. Our findings suggest that stress (i.e., elevated skin cortisol levels) along with organohalogen exposure (mainly PBDEs) may be associated with thyroid hormone level perturbations in skin of cetaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Jolicoeur
- Centre de recherche en toxicologie de l'environnement (TOXEN), Département des sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succursale Centre-ville, Montreal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Magali Houde
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, 105 McGill Street, Montreal, QC H2Y 2E7, Canada
| | - Lisa Loseto
- Freshwater Institute, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, 501 University Crescent, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N6, Canada
| | - Robert Michaud
- Group for Research and Education on Marine Mammals, Tadoussac, QC G0T 2A0, Canada
| | - Jonathan Verreault
- Centre de recherche en toxicologie de l'environnement (TOXEN), Département des sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succursale Centre-ville, Montreal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada.
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6
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Hunt A, Olin S, Whittemore JC, Esteller-Vico A, Springer C, Giori L. The effects of selected sedatives on basal and stimulated serum cortisol concentrations in healthy dogs. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16955. [PMID: 38406286 PMCID: PMC10885794 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Hormone assessment is typically recommended for awake, unsedated dogs. However, one of the most commonly asked questions from veterinary practitioners to the endocrinology laboratory is how sedation impacts cortisol concentrations and the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation test. Butorphanol, dexmedetomidine, and trazodone are common sedatives for dogs, but their impact on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) is unknown. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of butorphanol, dexmedetomidine, and trazodone on serum cortisol concentrations. Methods Twelve healthy beagles were included in a prospective, randomized, four-period crossover design study with a 7-day washout. ACTH stimulation test results were determined after saline (0.5 mL IV), butorphanol (0.3 mg/kg IV), dexmedetomidine (4 µg/kg IV), and trazodone (3-5 mg/kg PO) administration. Results Compared to saline, butorphanol increased basal (median 11.75 µg/dL (range 2.50-23.00) (324.13 nmol/L; range 68.97-634.48) vs 1.27 µg/dL (0.74-2.10) (35.03 nmol/L; 20.41-57.93); P < 0.0001) and post-ACTH cortisol concentrations (17.05 µg/dL (12.40-26.00) (470.34 nmol/L; 342.07-717.24) vs 13.75 µg/dL (10.00-18.90) (379.31 nmol/L; 275.96-521.38); P ≤ 0.0001). Dexmedetomidine and trazodone did not significantly affect basal (1.55 µg/dL (range 0.75-1.55) (42.76 nmol/L; 20.69-42.76); P = 0.33 and 0.79 µg/dL (range 0.69-1.89) (21.79 nmol/L; 19.03-52.14); P = 0.13, respectively, vs saline 1.27 (0.74-2.10) (35.03 nmol/L; 20.41-57.93)) or post-ACTH cortisol concentrations (14.35 µg/dL (range 10.70-18.00) (395.86 nmol/L; 295.17-496.55); (P = 0.98 and 12.90 µg/dL (range 8.94-17.40) (355.86 nmol/L; 246.62-480); P = 0.65), respectively, vs saline 13.75 µg/dL (10.00-18.60) (379.31 nmol/L; 275.86-513.10). Conclusion Butorphanol administration should be avoided prior to ACTH stimulation testing in dogs. Further evaluation of dexmedetomidine and trazodone's effects on adrenocortical hormone testing in dogs suspected of HPA derangements is warranted to confirm they do not impact clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Hunt
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee, College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN, United States of America
| | - Shelly Olin
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee, College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN, United States of America
| | | | - Alejandro Esteller-Vico
- University of Tennessee, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, TN, United States of America
| | - Cary Springer
- Research Computing Support, Office of Information Technology, University of Tennessee–Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States of America
| | - Luca Giori
- University of Tennessee, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, TN, United States of America
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7
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Klein J, Wood J, Jaycox JR, Dhodapkar RM, Lu P, Gehlhausen JR, Tabachnikova A, Greene K, Tabacof L, Malik AA, Silva Monteiro V, Silva J, Kamath K, Zhang M, Dhal A, Ott IM, Valle G, Peña-Hernández M, Mao T, Bhattacharjee B, Takahashi T, Lucas C, Song E, McCarthy D, Breyman E, Tosto-Mancuso J, Dai Y, Perotti E, Akduman K, Tzeng TJ, Xu L, Geraghty AC, Monje M, Yildirim I, Shon J, Medzhitov R, Lutchmansingh D, Possick JD, Kaminski N, Omer SB, Krumholz HM, Guan L, Dela Cruz CS, van Dijk D, Ring AM, Putrino D, Iwasaki A. Distinguishing features of long COVID identified through immune profiling. Nature 2023; 623:139-148. [PMID: 37748514 PMCID: PMC10620090 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06651-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Post-acute infection syndromes may develop after acute viral disease1. Infection with SARS-CoV-2 can result in the development of a post-acute infection syndrome known as long COVID. Individuals with long COVID frequently report unremitting fatigue, post-exertional malaise, and a variety of cognitive and autonomic dysfunctions2-4. However, the biological processes that are associated with the development and persistence of these symptoms are unclear. Here 275 individuals with or without long COVID were enrolled in a cross-sectional study that included multidimensional immune phenotyping and unbiased machine learning methods to identify biological features associated with long COVID. Marked differences were noted in circulating myeloid and lymphocyte populations relative to the matched controls, as well as evidence of exaggerated humoral responses directed against SARS-CoV-2 among participants with long COVID. Furthermore, higher antibody responses directed against non-SARS-CoV-2 viral pathogens were observed among individuals with long COVID, particularly Epstein-Barr virus. Levels of soluble immune mediators and hormones varied among groups, with cortisol levels being lower among participants with long COVID. Integration of immune phenotyping data into unbiased machine learning models identified the key features that are most strongly associated with long COVID status. Collectively, these findings may help to guide future studies into the pathobiology of long COVID and help with developing relevant biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Klein
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jamie Wood
- Abilities Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jillian R Jaycox
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Rahul M Dhodapkar
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, USC Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Peiwen Lu
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jeff R Gehlhausen
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Kerrie Greene
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Laura Tabacof
- Abilities Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amyn A Malik
- Yale Institute for Global Health, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Julio Silva
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | | | | | - Isabel M Ott
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Gabrielee Valle
- Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mario Peña-Hernández
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Tianyang Mao
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Takehiro Takahashi
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Carolina Lucas
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Eric Song
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Dayna McCarthy
- Abilities Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Erica Breyman
- Abilities Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jenna Tosto-Mancuso
- Abilities Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yile Dai
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Emily Perotti
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Koray Akduman
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Tiffany J Tzeng
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lan Xu
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Anna C Geraghty
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Michelle Monje
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Inci Yildirim
- Yale Institute for Global Health, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Pediatrics (Infectious Diseases), Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Ruslan Medzhitov
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Denyse Lutchmansingh
- Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jennifer D Possick
- Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Naftali Kaminski
- Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Saad B Omer
- Yale Institute for Global Health, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Harlan M Krumholz
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Leying Guan
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Charles S Dela Cruz
- Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - David van Dijk
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Computer Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Aaron M Ring
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - David Putrino
- Abilities Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Rehabilitation and Human Performance, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Akiko Iwasaki
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
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Tsunekawa K, Shoho Y, Ushiki K, Yanagawa Y, Matsumoto R, Shimoda N, Aoki T, Yoshida A, Nakajima K, Kimura T, Murakami M. Assessment of exercise-induced stress via automated measurement of salivary cortisol concentrations and the testosterone-to-cortisol ratio: a preliminary study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14532. [PMID: 37666925 PMCID: PMC10477232 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41620-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, our aim was to validate whether the automated measurement of salivary testosterone and cortisol concentrations and the testosterone-to-cortisol (T/C) ratio, considering their individual circadian rhythms can be used to assess the stress response of male athletes to different exercise intensities accurately and effectively. We measured the salivary testosterone and cortisol concentrations and their respective serum concentrations that were collected from 20 male long-distance runners via passive drooling in the morning and evening for two consecutive days involving different exercise intensities. An electrochemiluminescence immunoassay was performed to evaluate the salivary testosterone and cortisol concentrations. The results showed a positive correlation between the salivary testosterone and cortisol concentrations and their respective serum concentrations. The participants were divided into two groups: with and without interval training. The interval training group showed a significantly higher rate of change in the salivary cortisol concentration and a significantly lower rate of change in the T/C ratio in the evening interval training on day 1 than lower-intensity running on day 2. Our results indicated that the salivary cortisol concentrations and the T/C ratio could distinguish between exercises at different intensities, which may be beneficial for detecting differences in stress responses among athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiko Tsunekawa
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan.
| | - Yoshifumi Shoho
- Faculty of Education, Ikuei University, 1656-1 Kyome-machi, Takasaki, Gunma, 370-0011, Japan
| | - Kazumi Ushiki
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Yoshimaro Yanagawa
- Faculty of Education, Ikuei University, 1656-1 Kyome-machi, Takasaki, Gunma, 370-0011, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Matsumoto
- Faculty of Education, Ikuei University, 1656-1 Kyome-machi, Takasaki, Gunma, 370-0011, Japan
| | - Nozomi Shimoda
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Aoki
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yoshida
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Kiyomi Nakajima
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Takao Kimura
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Masami Murakami
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
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Laurin JKH, Oyewunmi OA, Garland EM, Gamboa A, Nwazue VC, Paranjape SY, Black BK, Okamoto LE, Shibao CA, Biaggioni I, Robertson D, Diedrich A, Dupont WD, Sheldon RS, Raj SR. Adrenal gland response to adrenocorticotropic hormone is intact in patients with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome. Auton Neurosci 2023; 248:103105. [PMID: 37393658 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2023.103105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many patients with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) are hypovolemic with plasma volume deficits of 10-30 %. Some also have low levels of aldosterone and diminished aldosterone-renin ratios despite elevations in angiotensin II, pointing to potential adrenal dysfunction. To assess adrenal gland responsiveness in POTS, we measured circulating levels of aldosterone and cortisol following adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) stimulation. METHODS While on a low Na+ diet (∼10 mEq/day), 8 female patients with POTS and 5 female healthy controls (HC) received a low dose (1 μg) ACTH bolus following a baseline blood sample. After 60 min, a high dose (249 μg) infusion of ACTH was administered to ensure maximal adrenal response. Venous aldosterone and cortisol levels were sampled every 30 min for 2 h. RESULTS Aldosterone increased in both groups in response to ACTH but was not different between POTS vs. HC at 60 min (53.5 ng/dL [37.8-61.8 ng/dL] vs. 46.1 ng/dL [36.7-84.9 ng/dL]; P = 1.000) or maximally (56.4 ng/dL [49.2-67.1 ng/dL] vs. 49.5 ng/dL [39.1-82.8 ng/dL]; P = 0.524). Cortisol increased in both groups in response to ACTH but was not different in patients with POTS vs. HC at 60 min (39.9 μg/dL [36.1-47.7 μg/dL] vs. 39.3 μg/dL [35.4-46.6 μg/dL]; P = 0.724) or maximally (39.9 μg/dL [33.9-45.4 μg/dL] vs. 42.0 μg/dL [37.6-49.7 μg/dL]; P = 0.354). CONCLUSIONS ACTH appropriately increased the aldosterone and cortisol levels in patients with POTS. These findings suggest that the response of the adrenal cortex to hormonal stimulation is intact in patients with POTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill K H Laurin
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Oyebimbola A Oyewunmi
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Emily M Garland
- Vanderbilt Autonomic Dysfunction Center, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alfredo Gamboa
- Vanderbilt Autonomic Dysfunction Center, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Victor C Nwazue
- Vanderbilt Autonomic Dysfunction Center, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sachin Y Paranjape
- Vanderbilt Autonomic Dysfunction Center, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Bonnie K Black
- Vanderbilt Autonomic Dysfunction Center, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Luis E Okamoto
- Vanderbilt Autonomic Dysfunction Center, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Cyndya A Shibao
- Vanderbilt Autonomic Dysfunction Center, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Italo Biaggioni
- Vanderbilt Autonomic Dysfunction Center, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - David Robertson
- Vanderbilt Autonomic Dysfunction Center, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - André Diedrich
- Vanderbilt Autonomic Dysfunction Center, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - William D Dupont
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Robert S Sheldon
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Satish R Raj
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Vanderbilt Autonomic Dysfunction Center, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
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10
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Xiong X, He Y, Zhou C, Zheng Q, Chen C, Liang P. Impact of total intravenous anesthesia and total inhalation anesthesia as the anesthesia maintenance approaches on blood glucose level and postoperative complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a double-blind, randomized controlled trial. BMC Anesthesiol 2023; 23:267. [PMID: 37559041 PMCID: PMC10410792 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-023-02199-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is a prevalent metabolic disease in the world. Previous studies have shown that anesthetics can affect perioperative blood glucose levels which related to adverse clinical outcomes. Few studies have explored the choice of general anesthetic protocol on perioperative glucose metabolism in diabetes patients. We aimed to compare total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) with total inhalation anesthesia (TIHA) on blood glucose level and complications in type 2 diabetic patients undergoing general surgery. METHODS In this double-blind controlled trial, 116 type 2 diabetic patients scheduled for general surgery were randomly assigned to either the TIVA group or TIHA group (n = 56 and n = 60, respectively). The blood glucose level at different time points were measured and analyzed by the repeated-measures analysis of variance. The serum insulin and cortisol levels were measured and analyzed with t-test. The incidence of complications was followed up and analyzed with chi-square test or Fisher's exact test as appropriate. The risk factors for complications were analyzed using the logistic stepwise regression. RESULTS The blood glucose levels were higher in TIHA group than that in TIVA group at the time points of extubation, 1 and 2 h after the operation, 1 and 2 days after the operation, and were significantly higher at 1 day after the operation (10.4 ± 2.8 vs. 8.1 ± 2.1 mmol/L; P < 0.01). The postoperative insulin level was higher in TIVA group than that in TIHA group (8.9 ± 2.9 vs. 7.6 ± 2.4 IU/mL; P = 0.011). The postoperative cortisol level was higher in TIHA group than that in TIVA group (15.3 ± 4.8 vs. 12.2 ± 8.9 ug/dL ; P = 0.031). No significant difference regarding the incidence of complications between the two groups was found based on the current samples. Blood glucose level on postoperative day 1 was a risk factor for postoperative complications (OR: 1.779, 95%CI: 1.009 ~ 3.138). CONCLUSIONS TIVA has less impact on perioperative blood glucose level and a better inhibition of cortisol release in type 2 diabetic patients compared to TIHA. A future large trial may be conducted to find the difference of complications between the two groups. TRIAL REGISTRATION The protocol registered on the Chinese Clinical Trials Registry on 20/01/2020 (ChiCTR2000029247).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghui Xiong
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Qin Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Chan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Peng Liang
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
- Day Surgery Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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11
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Choo KS, Yew J, Tan EJH, Puar THK. Case Report: Hypercalcemia as a manifestation of acute adrenal crisis precipitated by fluconazole use, and a review of the literature. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1168797. [PMID: 37274338 PMCID: PMC10232950 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1168797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute adrenal crisis classically presents with vomiting, altered sensorium, and hypotension. We describe a unique case manifesting with severe hypercalcemia. Addisonian crisis was unusually precipitated by fluconazole use. We reviewed other reported cases and discuss the possible mechanisms of hypercalcemia in adrenal insufficiency. This 67-year-old man presented with fever, cough, and vomiting for 1 week and with anorexia and confusion for 3 weeks. He was hypotensive and clinically dehydrated. Investigations revealed left-sided lung consolidation, acute renal failure, and severe non-parathyroid hormone (PTH)-mediated hypercalcemia (calcium, 3.55mol/L; PTH, 0.81pmol/L). Initial impression was pneumonia complicated by septic shock and hypercalcemia secondary to possible malignancy. He received mechanical ventilation; treatment with intravenous fluids, inotropes, and hydrocortisone for septic shock; and continuous renal replacement therapy with low-calcium dialysate. Although hypercalcemia resolved and he was weaned off inotropes, dialysis, and hydrocortisone, his confusion persisted. When hypercalcemia recurred on day 19 of admission, early morning cortisol was <8 nmol/L, with low ACTH level (3.2 ng/L). Other pituitary hormones were normal. Hypercalcemia resolved 3 days after reinstating stress doses of hydrocortisone, and his mentation normalized. On further questioning, he recently received fluconazole for a forearm abscess. He previously consumed traditional medications but stopped several years ago, which may have contained glucocorticoids. He was discharged on oral hydrocortisone. Cortisol levels improved gradually, and glucocorticoid replacement was ceased after 8 years, without any recurrence of hypercalcemia or Addisonian crisis. Both hypercalcemia and adrenal insufficiency may present with similar non-specific symptoms. It is important to consider adrenal insufficiency in hypercalcemia of unclear etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan Swen Choo
- Department of Endocrinology, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jielin Yew
- Department of Endocrinology, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eberta Jun Hui Tan
- Raffles Diabetes and Endocrine Centre, Raffles Medical Group, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Troy Hai Kiat Puar
- Department of Endocrinology, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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12
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Chalfun G, Araújo Brasil AD, Paravidino VB, Soares-Lima SC, Souza Almeida Lopes MD, Santos Salú MD, Barbosa E Dos Santos PV, P da Cunha Trompiere AC, Vieira Milone LT, Rodrigues-Santos G, Genuíno de Oliveira MB, Robaina JR, Lima-Setta F, Reis MM, Ledo Alves da Cunha AJ, Prata-Barbosa A, de Magalhães-Barbosa MC. NR3C1 gene methylation and cortisol levels in preterm and healthy full-term infants in the first 3 months of life. Epigenomics 2022; 14:1545-1561. [PMID: 36861354 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2022-0444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To describe NR3C1 exon-1F methylation and cortisol levels in newborns. Materials & methods: Preterm ≤1500 g and full-term infants were included. Samples were collected at birth and at days 5, 30 and 90 (or at discharge). Results: 46 preterm and 49 full-term infants were included. Methylation was stable over time in full-term infants (p = 0.3116) but decreased in preterm infants (p = 0.0241). Preterm infants had higher cortisol levels on the fifth day, while full-term infants showed increasing levels (p = 0.0177) over time. Conclusion: Hypermethylated sites in NR3C1 at birth and higher cortisol levels on day 5 suggest that prematurity, reflecting prenatal stress, affects the epigenome. Methylation decrease over time in preterm infants suggests that postnatal factors may modify the epigenome, but their role needs to be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Chalfun
- Department of Pediatrics, D'Or Institute for Research & Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22281-100, Brazil
- Department of Neonatology, Maternity School, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), RJ, 22240-000, Brazil
| | - Aline de Araújo Brasil
- Department of Pediatrics, D'Or Institute for Research & Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22281-100, Brazil
| | - Vitor Barreto Paravidino
- Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Social Medicine, University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), 20550-013, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education & Sports, Naval Academy, Brazilian Navy, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20021-010, Brazil
| | - Sheila Coelho Soares-Lima
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Program, Brazilian National Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20230-130, Brazil
| | | | - Margarida Dos Santos Salú
- Department of Pediatrics, D'Or Institute for Research & Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22281-100, Brazil
| | | | | | - Leo Travassos Vieira Milone
- Department of Pediatrics, D'Or Institute for Research & Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22281-100, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Rodrigues-Santos
- Department of Pediatrics, D'Or Institute for Research & Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22281-100, Brazil
| | | | - Jaqueline Rodrigues Robaina
- Department of Pediatrics, D'Or Institute for Research & Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22281-100, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Lima-Setta
- Department of Pediatrics, D'Or Institute for Research & Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22281-100, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Martins Reis
- Department of Pediatrics, D'Or Institute for Research & Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22281-100, Brazil
| | - Antônio José Ledo Alves da Cunha
- Department of Pediatrics, D'Or Institute for Research & Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22281-100, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Perinatal Health, Maternity School, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), RJ, 22240-000, Brazil
| | - Arnaldo Prata-Barbosa
- Department of Pediatrics, D'Or Institute for Research & Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22281-100, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Perinatal Health, Maternity School, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), RJ, 22240-000, Brazil
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13
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Vonderohe C, Guthrie G, Stoll B, Hebib VM, Dawson H, Burrin D. Increased Circulating Cortisol After Vaginal Birth Is Associated With Increased FGF19 Secretion in Neonatal Pigs. Endocrinology 2022; 164:bqac188. [PMID: 36367732 PMCID: PMC10233397 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqac188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The influence of birth modality (scheduled cesarean or spontaneous vaginal) on the development of the newborn has been a source of controversy in neonatology. The impact of cesarean vs vaginal birth on the development of bile acid and fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) signaling is unknown. Our aim was to determine the effect of birth modality and gestational age (preterm vs term) on plasma hormone levels, bile acid pool distribution, expression of genes in the bile acid-FXR-FGF19 pathway, and plasma levels of FGF19 at birth and on day 3 of life in neonatal pigs. Four sows underwent cesarean delivery on gestation day 105 (n = 2) and 114 (n = 2; term = 115 days), and 2 additional sows were allowed to farrow at term (gestation days 112 and 118). Piglets were euthanized at birth (Term-Vaginal n = 6; Term-Cesarean n = 8; Preterm n = 10) for tissue and blood collection, and the remaining pigs received total parenteral nutrition then were fed enterally on day 3 (Term-Vaginal n = 8; Term-Cesarean n = 10; Preterm n = 8), before blood and tissue were collected. Piglets born vaginally had a markedly (30-fold) higher plasma FGF19 at birth than term pigs born via cesarean delivery, and 70-fold higher than preterm pigs (P < 0.001). However, distal ileum FGF19 gene expression was similar in all groups (P > 0.05). Plasma FGF19 positively correlated with plasma cortisol (r = 0.58; P < 0.05) and dexamethasone treatment increased ileal FGF19 expression in cultured pig tissue explants and human enteroids. Our findings suggest that exposure to maternal or endogenous glucocorticoids in the perinatal period may upregulate the development of the bile acid-FGF19 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin Vonderohe
- USDA-ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center; Pediatrics, Gastroenterology & Nutrition, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Gregory Guthrie
- USDA-ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center; Pediatrics, Gastroenterology & Nutrition, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Barbara Stoll
- USDA-ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center; Pediatrics, Gastroenterology & Nutrition, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Valeria Melendez Hebib
- USDA-ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center; Pediatrics, Gastroenterology & Nutrition, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Harry Dawson
- USDA-ARS, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Diet, Genomics & Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350, USA
| | - Douglas Burrin
- USDA-ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center; Pediatrics, Gastroenterology & Nutrition, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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14
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Couzin-Frankel J. Long Covid clues emerge from patients' blood. Science 2022; 377:803. [PMID: 35981036 DOI: 10.1126/science.ade4427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Study implicates lack of key hormone, battle-weary immune cells, and awakened viruses.
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15
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Morita S, Tsuji T, Kishimoto S, Uraki S, Takeshima K, Iwakura H, Furuta H, Nishi M, Inaba H, Matsuoka TA. Isolated ACTH deficiency following immunization with the BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine: a case report. BMC Endocr Disord 2022; 22:185. [PMID: 35854260 PMCID: PMC9297640 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-01095-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global COVID-19 pandemic requires urgent development of new vaccines. Endocrinological adverse effects following the new mRNA vaccine against COVID-19 have been reported in several cases. Specific to the involvement of pituitary function; however, only a single case with hypophysis has been reported. This is the first case of isolated adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) deficiency (IAD) following mRNA vaccination against COVID-19. CASE PRESENTATION A healthy 31-year-old man received the BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine. The first injection was uneventful. One day after the second injection, he noticed general fatigue and fever. In the following several days, he additionally developed headaches, nausea, and diarrhea. Four days after the vaccine injection, he visited a hospital with worsening of these symptoms. Physical examination revealed slight disorientation but no other deficits. Laboratory tests revealed hyponatremia, hypoglycemia, and extremely low plasma ACTH and serum cortisol levels (ACTH < 1.5 pg/ml, cortisol 1.6 μg/dl). He was diagnosed with adrenal crisis and was emergently treated with hydrocortisone. The symptoms responded well and he recovered within a few days. Magnetic resonance images after the replacement with hydrocortisone revealed an atrophic pituitary gland. The patient was referred to our tertiary hospital for further endocrinological examination. Pituitary endocrine load tests revealed isolated adrenocortical response deficiency. After other clinical assessments, he was diagnosed as having isolated ACTH deficiency. After initiation of hydrocortisone replacement, there has been no recurrence of symptoms related to adrenocortical insufficiency nor involvement of other pituitary functions. CONCLUSION This is the first reported case of IAD potentially associated with COVID-19 immunization. Recent reports have emphasized the importance of adjuvants in the mRNA vaccine that induce the endocrinological adverse effects through disturbance of the autoimmune system, but details are still unclear. Given the broad and rapid spread of vaccinations against COVID-19, it is clinically important to consider that there could be cases with a rare but emergent adrenal crisis even among those who present common symptoms of adverse effects following inactive SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Morita
- First Department of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimi-idera, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan.
| | - Tomoya Tsuji
- First Department of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimi-idera, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Shohei Kishimoto
- First Department of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimi-idera, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Uraki
- First Department of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimi-idera, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Ken Takeshima
- First Department of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimi-idera, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Iwakura
- First Department of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimi-idera, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Hiroto Furuta
- First Department of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimi-idera, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nishi
- First Department of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimi-idera, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Hidefumi Inaba
- First Department of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimi-idera, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Japanese Red Cross Wakayama Medical Center, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Taka-Aki Matsuoka
- First Department of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimi-idera, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
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Clare S, Dash A, Liu Y, Harrison J, Vlastaris K, Waldman S, Griffin R, Cooke P, Vad V, Casey E, Bockman RS, Lane J, McMahon D, Stein EM. Epidural Steroid Injections Acutely Suppress Bone Formation Markers in Postmenopausal Women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:e3281-e3287. [PMID: 35524754 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Over 9 million epidural steroid injections (ESIs) are performed annually in the United States. Although these injections effectively treat lumbar radicular pain, they may have adverse consequences, including bone loss. OBJECTIVE To investigate acute changes in bone turnover following ESI. We focused on postmenopausal women, who may be at greatest risk for adverse skeletal consequences due to the combined effects of ESIs with aging and estrogen deficiency. METHODS Single-center prospective observational study. Postmenopausal women undergoing lumbar ESIs and controls with no steroid exposure were included. Outcomes were serum cortisol, markers of bone formation, osteocalcin, and procollagen type-1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP), and bone resorption by C-telopeptide (CTX) measured at baseline, 1, 4, 12, 26, and 52 weeks after ESIs. RESULTS Among ESI-treated women, serum cortisol declined by ~50% 1 week after injection. Bone formation markers significantly decreased 1 week following ESIs: osteocalcin by 21% and P1NP by 22%. Both markers remained suppressed at 4 and 12 weeks, but returned to baseline levels by 26 weeks. There was no significant change in bone resorption measured by CTX. Among controls, there were no significant changes in cortisol or bone turnover markers. CONCLUSION These results provide evidence of an early and substantial reduction in bone formation markers following ESIs. This effect persisted for over 12 weeks, suggesting that ESIs may have lasting skeletal consequences. Given the large population of older adults who receive ESIs, further investigation into the long-term skeletal sequelae of these injections is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Clare
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Metabolic Bone Disease Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Alexander Dash
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Metabolic Bone Disease Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Yi Liu
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Metabolic Bone Disease Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Jonathan Harrison
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Metabolic Bone Disease Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Katelyn Vlastaris
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Metabolic Bone Disease Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Seth Waldman
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, & Pain Management, Hospital for Special Surgery, and Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Robert Griffin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, & Pain Management, Hospital for Special Surgery, and Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Paul Cooke
- Department of Physiatry, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Vijay Vad
- Department of Physiatry, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Ellen Casey
- Department of Physiatry, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Richard S Bockman
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Metabolic Bone Disease Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Joseph Lane
- Metabolic Bone Disease Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Donald McMahon
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Metabolic Bone Disease Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Emily M Stein
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Metabolic Bone Disease Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
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Wurth R, Rescigno M, Flippo C, Stratakis CA, Tatsi C. Inflammatory biomarkers in the evaluation of pediatric endogenous Cushing syndrome. Eur J Endocrinol 2022; 186:503-510. [PMID: 35171827 PMCID: PMC9059943 DOI: 10.1530/eje-21-1199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Inflammatory biomarkers, such as absolute neutrophil and lymphocyte counts, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet (PLT)-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), are associated with the progression and development of several disorders. Although patients with Cushing syndrome (CS) have immunosuppression with altered leucocyte counts, the profile of the inflammatory biomarkers in these patients has not been extensively studied. DESIGN We compared a panel of inflammatory biomarkers in patients with active endogenous CS (n of complete blood count (CBC) reports = 319) and eucortisolemic subjects of similar age, gender and BMI (n of CBC reports = 93). Patients were divided into two age groups (6-12 years at the time of CBC and >12 years at the time of CBC) based on age differences in normal reference ranges. RESULTS Patients with CS had higher NLR vs controls (6-12 years: 2.47 (1.86, 3.32) vs 1.35 (1.11, 2.27), P < 0.0001; >12 years: 3.00 (2.23-4.17) vs 1.80 (1.23-2.31), P < 0.0001). Similarly, absolute neutrophil and lymphocyte counts, MLR and PLR differed between patients with CS and controls. The inflammatory biomarkers correlated with indices of cortisol secretion, such as midnight serum cortisol, 24-h urinary free cortisol and morning cortisol. On receiver operating characteristic analysis, NLR showed high area under the curve (AUC) (6-12 years: cutoff of 1.72 had AUC: 0.77, >12 years: cutoff of 2.35 had AUC: 0.81). CONCLUSIONS We conclude that multiple inflammatory biomarkers differed between patients with CS and controls suggesting substantial effects of hypercortisolemia on the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Wurth
- Section on Endocrinology & Genetics (SEGEN), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Megan Rescigno
- Section on Endocrinology & Genetics (SEGEN), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Chelsi Flippo
- Section on Endocrinology & Genetics (SEGEN), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Constantine A Stratakis
- Section on Endocrinology & Genetics (SEGEN), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Human Genetics & Precision Medicine, IMBB, FORTH, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Human Genetics & Precision Medicine, IMBB, FORTH, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Christina Tatsi
- Section on Endocrinology & Genetics (SEGEN), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Gonen MS, De Bellis A, Durcan E, Bellastella G, Cirillo P, Scappaticcio L, Longo M, Bircan BE, Sahin S, Sulu C, Ozkaya HM, Konukoglu D, Kartufan FF, Kelestimur F. Assessment of Neuroendocrine Changes and Hypothalamo-Pituitary Autoimmunity in Patients with COVID-19. Horm Metab Res 2022; 54:153-161. [PMID: 35276740 DOI: 10.1055/a-1764-1260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 may affect the hypothalamic-pituitary axis and pituitary dysfunction may occur. Therefore, we investigated neuroendocrine changes, in particular, secondary adrenal insufficiency, using a dynamic test and the role of autoimmunity in pituitary dysfunction in patients with COVID-19. The single-center, prospective, case-control study included patients with polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed COVID-19 and healthy controls. Basal hormone levels were measured, and the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation test was performed. Antipituitary (APA) and antihypothalamic antibodies (AHA) were also determined. We examined a total of 49 patients with COVID-19 and 28 healthy controls. The frequency of adrenal insufficiency in patients with COVID-19 was found as 8.2%. Patients with COVID-19 had lower free T3, IGF-1, and total testosterone levels, and higher cortisol and prolactin levels when compared with controls. We also demonstrated the presence of APA in three and AHA in one of four patients with adrenal insufficiency. In conclusion, COVID-19 may result in adrenal insufficiency, thus routine screening of adrenal functions in these patients is needed. Endocrine disturbances in COVID-19 are similar to those seen in acute stressful conditions or infections. Pituitary or hypothalamic autoimmunity may play a role in neuroendocrine abnormalities in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Sait Gonen
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Annamaria De Bellis
- Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Emre Durcan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Giuseppe Bellastella
- Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Cirillo
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Scappaticcio
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Miriam Longo
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Basak Ecem Bircan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serdar Sahin
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cem Sulu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hande Mefkure Ozkaya
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dildar Konukoglu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatma Ferda Kartufan
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Li Z, Bao H. Anti-tumor effect of Inonotus hispidus petroleum ether extract in H22 tumor-bearing mice and analysis its mechanism by untargeted metabonomic. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 285:114898. [PMID: 34906637 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The mushroom Inonotus hispidus is traditional Chinese medicine, which has been used to treat tumor illness for many years in China. However, the potential anti-tumor mechanisms of I. hispidus remain unclear. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to reveal the anti-tumor mechanism of I. hispidus petroleum ether extract (IPE) on H22 tumor-bearing mice from the point of view of metabonomics. MATERIALS AND METHODS The model of H22 tumor-bearing mice was constructed according to the histopathological data and biochemical parameters, while the serum metabolomics was analyzed by non-targeted ultra-high performance liquid chromatography and high-resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) to study the potential anti-tumor mechanisms of IPE. RESULTS These results indicated that IPE has significant anti-tumor effect on H22 tumor-bearing mice and no obvious adverse reactions were observed. After the intervention of IPE, the biosynthesis of cortisol and corticosterone as the metabolics in the downstream of steroid biosynthesis pathway and the biosynthesis of succinate, fumarate and malate as the metabolics in the downstream of tricarboxylic acid cycle pathway were inhibited; but the metabolic pathways of the amino acids as tryptophan, lysine degradation, alanine, aspartate and glutamate and other amino acid were activated. CONCLUSION IPE has significant anti-tumor effect in H22 tumor-bearing mice, and the anti-tumor activity of IPE is main through the regulation of energy, amino acids, and steroid hormone biosynthesis pathways expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Li
- Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; College of Chinese Medicine Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
| | - Haiying Bao
- Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; College of Chinese Medicine Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
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20
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Genere N, Kaur RJ, Athimulam S, Thomas MA, Nippoldt T, Van Norman M, Singh R, Grebe S, Bancos I. Interpretation of Abnormal Dexamethasone Suppression Test is Enhanced With Use of Synchronous Free Cortisol Assessment. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:e1221-e1230. [PMID: 34648626 PMCID: PMC9006975 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Interpretation of dexamethasone suppression test (DST) may be influenced by dexamethasone absorption and metabolism and by the altered cortisol binding. OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine the normal ranges of free cortisol during DST in participants without adrenal disorders and to identify the population of patients where post-DST free cortisol measurements add value to the diagnostic workup. DESIGN AND SETTING Cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary medical center. PARTICIPANTS Adult volunteers without adrenal disorders (n = 168; 47 women on oral contraceptive therapy [OCP], 66 women not on OCP, 55 men) and patients undergoing evaluation for hypercortisolism (n = 196; 16 women on OCP). MEASUREMENTS Post-DST dexamethasone and free cortisol (mass spectrometry) and total cortisol (immunoassay). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Reference range for post-DST free cortisol, diagnostic accuracy of post-DST total cortisol. RESULTS Adequate dexamethasone concentrations (≥0.1 mcg/dL) were seen in 97.6% volunteers and 96.3% patients. Only 25.5% of women volunteers on OCP had abnormal post-DST total cortisol (>1.8 mcg/dL). In volunteers, the upper post-DST free cortisol range was 48 ng/dL in men and women not on OCP, and 79 ng/dL in women on OCP. When compared with post-DST free cortisol, diagnostic accuracy of post-DST total cortisol was 87.3% (95% CI, 81.7-91.7); all false-positive results occurred in patients with post-DST cortisol between 1.8 and 5 mcg/dL. OCP use was the only factor associated with false-positive results (21.1% vs 4.9%, P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Post-DST free cortisol measurements are valuable in patients with optimal dexamethasone concentrations and post-DST total cortisol between 1.8 and 5 mcg/dL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Genere
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine; Saint Louis, MO 63130, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ravinder Jeet Kaur
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Shobana Athimulam
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Bone and Mineral Disorders, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Melinda A Thomas
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Todd Nippoldt
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Molly Van Norman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ravinder Singh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Stefan Grebe
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Irina Bancos
- Correspondence: Irina Bancos, MD, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
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Benthem de Grave R, Hasselman F, Bijleveld E. From work stress to disease: A computational model. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263966. [PMID: 35171964 PMCID: PMC8849534 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In modern society, work stress is highly prevalent. Problematically, work stress can cause disease. To help understand the causal relationship between work stress and disease, we present a computational model of this relationship. That is, drawing from allostatic load theory, we captured the link between work stress and disease in a set of mathematical formulas. With simulation studies, we then examined our model’s ability to reproduce key findings from previous empirical research. Specifically, results from Study 1 suggested that our model could accurately reproduce established findings on daily fluctuations in cortisol levels (both on the group level and the individual level). Results from Study 2 suggested that our model could accurately reproduce established findings on the relationship between work stress and cardiovascular disease. Finally, results from Study 3 yielded new predictions about the relationship between workweek configurations (i.e., how working hours are distributed over days) and the subsequent development of disease. Together, our studies suggest a new, computational approach to studying the causal link between work stress and disease. We suggest that this approach is fruitful, as it aids the development of falsifiable theory, and as it opens up new ways of generating predictions about why and when work stress is (un)healthy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fred Hasselman
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Bijleveld
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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22
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Chiba K, Kameda H, Miya A, Nomoto H, Cho KY, Nakamura A, Jin S, Matoba K, Miyoshi H, Atsumi T. Letter to the Editor: False Hypercortisolemia Due to Abnormal Albumin-Cortisol Binding in a Patient with Familial Dysalbuminemic Hyperthyroxinemia. Thyroid 2022; 32:219-220. [PMID: 34663085 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2021.0460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koki Chiba
- Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiraku Kameda
- Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Aika Miya
- Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nomoto
- Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kyu Yong Cho
- Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akinobu Nakamura
- Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shigeki Jin
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido University, Japan
| | - Kotaro Matoba
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido University, Japan
| | - Hideaki Miyoshi
- Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Division of Diabetes and Obesity, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Atsumi
- Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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23
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Teresa Fuss C, Brohm K, Fassnacht M, Kroiss M, Hahner S. Reassessment of Postural Stimulation Testing as a Simple Tool to Identify a Subgroup of Patients With Unilateral Primary Aldosteronism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:e865-e873. [PMID: 34415988 PMCID: PMC8764226 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Adrenal vein sampling (AVS) represents the current diagnostic gold standard for differentiation between unilateral and bilateral primary aldosteronism (PA). Postural stimulation testing (PST) has been used to provide additional diagnostic information. OBJECTIVE This work aimed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of PST in the differential diagnosis of PA. METHODS This cohort study was conducted at a single tertiary reference center. We analyzed 106 PST performed between 2008 and 2020. Diagnosis of PA and cause of PA were determined according to the Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline, taking into account results of saline infusion testing, AVS, preoperative imaging, and outcome after medical or surgical treatment. The suggested cutoffs for the diagnosis of unilateral PA were revisited and optimized for high specificity using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis. RESULTS A total of 106 patients had confirmed PA (unilateral PA: n = 55, bilateral PA: n = 29, AVS unsuccessful/declined by patients: n = 22). Based on decreased aldosterone plasma concentration of 28% or more after 4 hours in the upright position, the PST showed a sensitivity of 36.4% at a specificity of 100% to identify unilateral disease (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.72; 95% CI, 0.62-0.83; P = .001). In patients with valid testing (drop of cortisol of 10% or more after 4 hours, n = 53) the sensitivity of PST rose to 51.4% at a specificity of 100% (AUC = 0.77; 95% CI, 0.65-0.90; P = .001). CONCLUSION The high specificity of 100% for the detection of unilateral PA in patients with decreased aldosterone by at least 28% after 4 hours makes PST a simple, noninvasive contribution to subtype differentiation in PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmina Teresa Fuss
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Correspondence: Carmina Teresa Fuss, MD, Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital Würzburg, University of Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Strasse 6, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Katharina Brohm
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Martin Fassnacht
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Central Laboratory, Core Unit Clinical Mass Spectrometry, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Kroiss
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Central Laboratory, Core Unit Clinical Mass Spectrometry, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- LMU Klinikum, Department of Internal Medicine IV, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie Hahner
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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24
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Rege J, Hoxie J, Liu CJ, Cash MN, Luther JM, Gellert L, Turcu AF, Else T, Giordano TJ, Udager AM, Rainey WE, Nanba K. Targeted Mutational Analysis of Cortisol-Producing Adenomas. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:e594-e603. [PMID: 34534321 PMCID: PMC8764218 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Somatic gene mutations have been identified in only about half of cortisol-producing adenomas (CPAs). Affected genes include PRKACA, GNAS, PRKAR1A, and CTNNB1. OBJECTIVE This work aims to expand our understanding of the prevalence of somatic mutations in CPAs from patients with overt Cushing syndrome (OCS) and "subclinical" mild autonomous cortisol excess (MACE), with an immunohistochemistry (IHC)‒guided targeted amplicon sequencing approach using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue. METHODS We analyzed FFPE adrenal tissue from 77 patients (n = 12 men, 65 women) with either OCS (n = 32) or MACE (n = 45). Using IHC for 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase (CYP17A1) and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD3B2), we identified 78 CPAs (32 OCS CPAs and 46 MACE CPAs). Genomic DNA was isolated from the FFPE CPAs and subjected to targeted amplicon sequencing for identification of somatic mutations. RESULTS Somatic mutations were identified in 71.8% (56/78) of the CPAs. While PRKACA was the most frequently mutated gene in OCS CPAs (14/32, 43.8%), somatic genetic aberrations in CTNNB1 occurred in 56.5% (26/46) of the MACE CPAs. Most GNAS mutations were observed in MACE CPAs (5/7, 71.4%). No mutations were observed in PRKAR1A. In addition to the known mutations, we identified one previously unreported mutation in PRKACA. Two patients with MACE harbored 2 adjacent tumors within the same adrenal gland - one patient had 2 CPAs, and the other patient had a CPA and an aldosterone-producing adenoma (identified by IHC for aldosterone synthase). CONCLUSION A comprehensive FFPE IHC-guided gene-targeted sequencing approach identified somatic mutations in 71.8% of the CPAs. OCS CPAs demonstrated a distinct mutation profile compared to MACE CPAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juilee Rege
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Jessie Hoxie
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Chia-Jen Liu
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Morgan N Cash
- University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - James M Luther
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
| | - Lan Gellert
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
| | - Adina F Turcu
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Tobias Else
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Thomas J Giordano
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Aaron M Udager
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - William E Rainey
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Correspondence: William E. Rainey, PhD, Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Room 2560C, MSRB II, 1150 W Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5622, USA.
| | - Kazutaka Nanba
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
- Kazutaka Nanba, MD, Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, 1150 W Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1 Mukaihata-cho, Fukakusa, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, 612-8555, Japan.
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Armignacco R, Jouinot A, Bouys L, Septier A, Lartigue T, Neou M, Gaspar C, Perlemoine K, Braun L, Riester A, Bonnet-Serrano F, Blanchard A, Amar L, Scaroni C, Ceccato F, Rossi GP, Williams TA, Larsen CK, Allassonnière S, Zennaro MC, Beuschlein F, Reincke M, Bertherat J, Assié G. Identification of glucocorticoid-related molecular signature by whole blood methylome analysis. Eur J Endocrinol 2022; 186:297-308. [PMID: 34914631 PMCID: PMC8789024 DOI: 10.1530/eje-21-0907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cushing's syndrome represents a state of excessive glucocorticoids related to glucocorticoid treatments or to endogenous hypercortisolism. Cushing's syndrome is associated with high morbidity, with significant inter-individual variability. Likewise, adrenal insufficiency is a life-threatening condition of cortisol deprivation. Currently, hormone assays contribute to identify Cushing's syndrome or adrenal insufficiency. However, no biomarker directly quantifies the biological glucocorticoid action. The aim of this study was to identify such markers. DESIGN We evaluated whole blood DNA methylome in 94 samples obtained from patients with different glucocorticoid states (Cushing's syndrome, eucortisolism, adrenal insufficiency). We used an independent cohort of 91 samples for validation. METHODS Leukocyte DNA was obtained from whole blood samples. Methylome was determined using the Illumina methylation chip array (~850 000 CpG sites). Both unsupervised (principal component analysis) and supervised (Limma) methods were used to explore methylome profiles. A Lasso-penalized regression was used to select optimal discriminating features. RESULTS Whole blood methylation profile was able to discriminate samples by their glucocorticoid status: glucocorticoid excess was associated with DNA hypomethylation, recovering within months after Cushing's syndrome correction. In Cushing's syndrome, an enrichment in hypomethylated CpG sites was observed in the region of FKBP5 gene locus. A methylation predictor of glucocorticoid excess was built on a training cohort and validated on two independent cohorts. Potential CpG sites associated with the risk for specific complications, such as glucocorticoid-related hypertension or osteoporosis, were identified, needing now to be confirmed on independent cohorts. CONCLUSIONS Whole blood DNA methylome is dynamically impacted by glucocorticoids. This biomarker could contribute to better assessment of glucocorticoid action beyond hormone assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Armignacco
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
- Correspondence should be addressed to R Armignacco or G Assié; or
| | - Anne Jouinot
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Lucas Bouys
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Amandine Septier
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Lartigue
- ARAMIS Project-Team, Inria Paris, France
- CMAP, UMR 7641, CNRS, École polytechnique, I.P. Paris, France
| | - Mario Neou
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Cassandra Gaspar
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, UMS Pass, Plateforme Post-génomique de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, P3S, Paris, France
| | - Karine Perlemoine
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Leah Braun
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Riester
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Fidéline Bonnet-Serrano
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Service d’Hormonologie, Paris, France
| | - Anne Blanchard
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Centre d’Investigations Cliniques 9201, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Amar
- Université de Paris, PARCC, INSERM, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Unité Hypertension Artérielle, Paris, France
| | - Carla Scaroni
- UOC Endocrinologia, Dipartimento di Medicina DIMED, Azienda Ospedaliera-Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Filippo Ceccato
- UOC Endocrinologia, Dipartimento di Medicina DIMED, Azienda Ospedaliera-Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Gian Paolo Rossi
- Clinica dell’Ipertensione Arteriosa, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Tracy Ann Williams
- Division of Internal Medicine and Hypertension Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | | | - Maria-Christina Zennaro
- Université de Paris, PARCC, INSERM, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Service de Génétique, Paris, France
| | - Felix Beuschlein
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Klinik für Endokrinologie, Diabetologie und Klinische Ernährung, UniversitätsSpital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Reincke
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Jérôme Bertherat
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Service d’Endocrinologie, Center for Rare Adrenal Diseases, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Assié
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Service d’Endocrinologie, Center for Rare Adrenal Diseases, Paris, France
- Correspondence should be addressed to R Armignacco or G Assié; or
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Usman AN, Raya I, Yasmin R, Aliyah, Dirpan A, Arsyad A, Permatasari AE, Sumidarti A, Umami N, Emmasitah. Ginger honey affects cortisol, estrogen and glutathione levels; preliminary study to target preconceptional women. Gac Sanit 2022; 35 Suppl 2:S251-S253. [PMID: 34929824 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2021.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was aimed to determine the effect of ginger honey supplementation on cortisol, glutathione, and estrogen levels. The study was conducted on mice that had not yet experienced conception, and prior stress induction was carried out so that they could be continued for human trials at the preconception stage and subjects who experienced mild stress. METHOD It was an in vivo study, pretest-posttest control group design. The sample of this study was 2-3 months female Balb/c mice, divided into negative control and ginger honey intervention as much as 28mg/20g BW for 14 days-the ELISA method used to examine cortisol hormone, glutathione levels, and estrogen levels. The mice chosen were those that had never experienced conception, and before the intervention, swimming activities were carried out on the mice until they showed symptoms of stress. RESULTS Results show 42mg/20g BW of ginger honey administration for 14 days increased 1.892 ng/dl of cortisol (p = 0.165), increased 2.438 ng/dl of glutathione (p=0.002), and also increased 22.754ng/ml estrogen levels in induced stress Balb/c female mice (p=0.001). CONCLUSION Ginger honey did not affect reducing cortisol levels but increasing glutathione and estrogen levels significantly. Ginger honey supplements are the potential to use as complementary therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andi Nilawati Usman
- Department of Midwifery, Graduate School, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.
| | - Indah Raya
- Chemistry Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Riska Yasmin
- Department of Midwifery, Graduate School, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Aliyah
- Pharmacy Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Andi Dirpan
- Agriculture Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Aryadi Arsyad
- Medicine Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | | | | | - Nurrahmi Umami
- Department of Midwifery, Graduate School, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Emmasitah
- Department of Midwifery, Graduate School, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
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Markou A, Kaltsas GA, Papanastasiou L, Gravvanis C, Voulgaris N, Kanti G, Zografos GN, Chrousos GP, Piaditis G. Enhanced performance of a modified diagnostic test of primary aldosteronism in patients with adrenal adenomas. Eur J Endocrinol 2022; 186:265-273. [PMID: 34882580 DOI: 10.1530/eje-21-0625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the commonest cause of endocrine hypertension ranging from 4.6 to 16.6% according to the diagnostic tests employed. The aim of this study was to compare the traditional saline infusion test (SIT) with the modified post-dexamethasone saline infusion test (DSIT) by applying both tests on the same subjects. METHODS We studied 68 patients (72% hypertensives) with single adrenal adenoma and 55 normotensive controls with normal adrenal imaging. Serum cortisol, aldosterone, and plasma renin concentration (PRC) were measured and the aldosterone-to-renin ratio (ARR) was calculated. Using the mean ± 2 s.d. values from the controls, we defined the upper normal limits for cortisol, aldosterone, and PRC for both the SIT and DSIT. RESULTS In the controls, the post-DSIT aldosterone levels and the ARR were approximately two-fold and three-fold lower, respectively, than the corresponding post-SIT values (all P = 0.001) leading to lower cut-offs of aldosterone suppression. Applying these cut-offs to patients with adrenal adenomas, the prevalence of PA was 13.2% following the SIT and 29.4% following the DSIT, respectively. In addition, 54.5% of patients with PA had concomitant autonomous cortisol secretion (ACS). Targeted treatment of PA resulted in resolution of hypertension and restoration of normal secretory aldosterone dynamics. CONCLUSIONS The DSIT improves the diagnostic accuracy of PA, allowing for the detection of milder forms of PA in patients with adrenal adenomas. This is of particular importance as such patients may be at an increased risk of developing cardiovascular and renal morbidity that could be enhanced in the presence of concomitant ACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athina Markou
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, 'G. Gennimatas', General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Gregory A Kaltsas
- Endocrine Unit, 1st Department of Propaedeutic Medicine, Laiko Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Labrini Papanastasiou
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, 'G. Gennimatas', General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Chris Gravvanis
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, 'G. Gennimatas', General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nick Voulgaris
- Department of Endocrinology, Athens Naval and Veterans Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Kanti
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, 'G. Gennimatas', General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - George N Zografos
- Third Department of Surgery, Athens General Hospital 'G. Gennimatas', Athens, Greece
| | - George P Chrousos
- George P. Chrousos, University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health and Precision Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Piaditis
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Henry Dunant Hospital Center, Athens, Greece
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Tabarin A, Haissaguerre M, Lassole H, Jannin A, Paepegaey AC, Chabre O, Young J. Efficacy and tolerance of osilodrostat in patients with Cushing's syndrome due to adrenocortical carcinomas. Eur J Endocrinol 2022; 186:K1-K4. [PMID: 34905500 DOI: 10.1530/eje-21-1008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Tabarin
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, CHU and University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Magalie Haissaguerre
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, CHU and University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Hélène Lassole
- Fédération d'Endocrinologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Groupement Hospitalier Est, Bron, France
| | - Arnaud Jannin
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Lille University Hospital and University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Anne-Cecile Paepegaey
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Médipole Lyon Villeurbanne, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Olivier Chabre
- University Grenoble Alpes, Service d'Endocrinologie CHU Grenoble Alpes, Unité Mixte de Recherche INSERM-CEA-UGA UMR1036, Grenoble Alpes, France
| | - Jacques Young
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre and University Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
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29
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Ferrante E, Serban AL, Clerici M, Indirli R, Scalambrino E, Carosi G, Padovan L, Locatelli M, Arosio M, Peyvandi F, Mantovani G, Tripodi A. Evaluation of procoagulant imbalance in Cushing's syndrome after short- and long-term remission of disease. J Endocrinol Invest 2022; 45:9-16. [PMID: 34115342 PMCID: PMC8741706 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-021-01605-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients with Cushing's syndrome (CS) are at high risk of venous thromboembolism related to a hypercoagulability due to procoagulant imbalance. However, whether these alterations are reversible after disease remission is still unclear. The endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) measured with and without the addition of thrombomodulin provides a global representation of coagulation and previous data confirmed hypercoagulable profile in patients with active hypercortisolism. Aim of this study was to assess the short- and long-term modification of ETP in patients with CS after disease remission. DESIGN AND METHODS Nineteen patients with CS for whom surgical remission was achieved, were prospectively evaluated for clinical characteristics, cortisol secretion profile and ETP at different time points: (i) before surgical intervention; (ii) after 6 months and (iii) 5 years from the time of persistent remission. Nineteen healthy subjects matched for age and gender were also evaluated as control group. RESULTS Before surgery, patients showed higher ETP-ratio (with/without thrombomodulin) than controls (0.62 ± 0.09-vs-0.56 ± 0.09, p = 0.034). No significant correlation between ETP-ratio and cortisol secretion was found. 6 months after remission, ETP-ratio was still significantly increased compared to controls (0.64 ± 0.09-vs-0.56 ± 0.09, p = 0.01), but was similar to baseline (0.64 ± 0.09-vs-0.62 ± 0.09, p = 0.87). At 5 years, ETP-ratio showed a significant decrease (0.55 ± 0.14-vs-0.62 ± 0.09, p = 0.02) and was comparable to controls (0.55 ± 0.14-vs-0.56 ± 0.09, p = 0.7). CONCLUSIONS Plasma hypercoagulability detected in patients with active hypercortisolism persists at short-term evaluation and seems to be completely reversible after long-term remission of disease. These data, as part of a whole evaluation of thrombotic risk, can contribute to make appropriate therapeutic choice in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Ferrante
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20143, Milano, Italy
| | - A L Serban
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20143, Milano, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - M Clerici
- Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore, Milano, Italy
| | - R Indirli
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20143, Milano, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - E Scalambrino
- Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore, Milano, Italy
| | - G Carosi
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20143, Milano, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - L Padovan
- Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore, Milano, Italy
| | - M Locatelli
- Neurosurgery Department, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Milano, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - M Arosio
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20143, Milano, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - F Peyvandi
- Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore, Milano, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - G Mantovani
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20143, Milano, Italy.
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milano, Italy.
| | - A Tripodi
- Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore, Milano, Italy
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Zhong S, Zhang T, He M, Yu H, Liu Z, Li Z, Song X, Xu X. Recent Advances in the Clinical Application of Adrenal Vein Sampling. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:797021. [PMID: 35222268 PMCID: PMC8863662 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.797021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We reviewed clinical research investigating the applications of adrenal vein sampling (AVS). AVS could be applied not only to primary aldosteronism (PA) but also to other endocrine diseases, such as adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) independent Cushing syndrome (AICS) and hyperandrogenemia (HA). However, the AVS protocol requires improvements to increase its success rate. Using the computed tomography image fusion, coaxial guidewire technique, and fast intraprocedural cortisol testing (CCF) technique could improve the success rate of catheterization in AVS for PA. ACTH loading could be considered in medical centers with a low selectivity of AVS for PA but is not essential in those with mature AVS technology. The continuous infusion method should be recommended for ACTH stimulation in AVS for PA to reduce adverse events. AVS has not been routinely recommended before management decisions in AICS, but several studies verified that AVS was useful in finding out the source of excess cortisol, especially for distinguishing unilateral from bilateral disease. However, it is necessary to reassess the results of AVS in AICS with the use of reference hormones to fully normalize cortisol levels. In addition, it is essential to determine the optimal model that combines AVS results and mass size to guide the selection of surgical plans, including identifying the dominant gland and presenting the option of staged adrenalectomy, to minimize the impact of bilateral resection. For HA, AVS combined with ovarian intravenous sampling to locate excess androgens could be considered when imaging results are equivocal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zhong
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tianyue Zhang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minzhi He
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hanxiao Yu
- Clinical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenjie Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhongyi Li
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Song
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaohong Xu, ; Xiaoxiao Song,
| | - Xiaohong Xu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaohong Xu, ; Xiaoxiao Song,
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Puglisi S, Leporati M, Amante E, Parisi A, Pia AR, Berchialla P, Terzolo M, Vincenti M, Reimondo G. Limited Role of Hair Cortisol and Cortisone Measurement for Detecting Cortisol Autonomy in Patients With Adrenal Incidentalomas. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:833514. [PMID: 35222288 PMCID: PMC8863572 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.833514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies demonstrated the diagnostic accuracy of hair glucocorticoid measurement in patients with overt Cushing syndrome, but few data are available for patients with adrenal incidentaloma (AI) and cortisol autonomy. The aim of our study was to assess whether measurement of 5 corticosteroid hormones with the ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method in the keratin matrix is useful to stratify patients with AI by the presence of autonomous cortisol secretion [ACS] (defined as serum cortisol after 1 mg dexamethasone suppression test (DST) > 138 nmol/l) or possible ACS [PACS] (defined as serum cortisol after 1 mg DST > 50 nmol/l but ≤138 nmol/l). We analysed data of 67 AI patients (32 with cortisol autonomy) and 81 healthy subjects. We did not find any significant statistical difference comparing hair cortisol, cortisone, and 20β-dihydrocortisol concentrations between healthy controls and AI patients, while 6β-hydroxycortisol and 11-deoxycortisol were undetectable. Moreover, no significant difference was found in hair cortisol, cortisone, and 20β-dihydrocortisol levels of AI patients with or without cortisol autonomy. Finally, we did not find any correlation in patients with AI between hormonal concentrations in the keratin matrix and serum, salivary, and urinary cortisol levels, or with body mass index. In conclusion, our findings suggest that hair glucocorticoid measurement is not suitable as a diagnostic test for cortisol autonomy (ACS and PACS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Soraya Puglisi
- Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- *Correspondence: Soraya Puglisi,
| | - Marta Leporati
- Centro Regionale Antidoping e di Tossicologia “A. Bertinaria”, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Alice Parisi
- Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Anna Rosa Pia
- Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Berchialla
- Statistical Unit, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Massimo Terzolo
- Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Marco Vincenti
- Centro Regionale Antidoping e di Tossicologia “A. Bertinaria”, Turin, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Reimondo
- Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Xue Y, Mao ZX, Liu X, Wei DD, Liu C, Pang SB, Yu SC, Gao JJ, Lin JS, Zhang DD, Wang CJ, Li WJ, Li X. Association of Serum Glucocorticoids with Various Blood Pressure Indices in Patients with Dysglycemia and Hypertension: the Henan Rural Cohort Study. Biomed Environ Sci 2021; 34:952-962. [PMID: 34981718 DOI: 10.3967/bes2021.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To our knowledge, no definitive conclusion has been reached regarding the relationship between glucocorticoids and hypertension. Here, we aimed to explore the characteristics of glucocorticoids in participants with dysglycemia and hypertension, and to analyze their association with blood pressure indicators. METHODS The participants of this study were from the Henan Rural Cohort study. A total of 1,688 patients 18-79 years of age were included in the matched case control study after application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Statistical methods were used to analyze the association between glucocorticoids and various indices of blood pressure, through approaches such as logistic regression analysis, trend tests, linear regression, and restricted cubic regression. RESULTS The study population consisted of 552 patients with dysglycemia and hypertension (32.7%). The patients with co-morbidities had higher levels of serum cortisol ( P = 0.009) and deoxycortisol ( P < 0.001). The adjusted odds ratios (and 95% confidence intervals) for dysglycemia with hypertension were 1.55 (1.18, 2.04) for the highest tertile of Ln-cortisol compared with the lowest tertile. Additionally, the highest Ln-deoxycortisol levels were associated with increased prevalence of dysglycemia with hypertension by 159% (95% confidence interval: 122%, 207%). CONCLUSIONS Serum deoxycortisol was positively correlated with systolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, mean arterial pressure, mean blood pressure, and mean proportional arterial pressure. Glucocorticoids (deoxycortisol and cortisol) increase the risk of hypertension in people with dysglycemia, particularly in those with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xue
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Zhen Xing Mao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Xue Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Dan Dan Wei
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Clinincal Nutrition, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, China
| | - Shan Bin Pang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Song Cheng Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Jiao Jiao Gao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Ji Song Lin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Dong Dong Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Chong Jian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Wen Jie Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
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Ignatz EH, Zanuzzo FS, Sandrelli RM, Clow KA, Rise ML, Gamperl AK. Phenotypic stress response does not influence the upper thermal tolerance of male Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). J Therm Biol 2021; 101:103102. [PMID: 34879919 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2021.103102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fish can be identified as either low responders (LR) or high responders (HR) based on post-stress cortisol levels and whether they exhibit a proactive or reactive stress coping style, respectively. In this study, male Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) from 17 families reared at 9 °C were repeatedly exposed to an acute handling stress over a period of four months, with plasma cortisol levels measured at 1 h post-stress. Fish were identified as either LR or HR if the total Z-score calculated from their cortisol responses fell into the lower or upper quartile ranges, respectively; with intermediate responders (IR) classified as the remainder. Salmon characterized as LR, IR or HR were then subjected to an incremental thermal challenge, where temperature was raised at 0.2 °C day-1 from their acclimation temperature (12 °C) to mimic natural sea-cage farming conditions during the summer in Newfoundland. Interestingly, feed intake remained high up to 22 °C, while previous studies have shown a decrease in salmon appetite after ∼16-18 °C. After the first three mortalities were recorded at elevated temperature, a subset of LR and HR salmon were exposed to another acute handling stress event at 23.6 °C. Basal and post-stress measurements of plasma cortisol, glucose and lactate did not differ between stress response phenotypes at this temperature. In the end, the average incremental thermal maximum (ITMax) of LR and HR fish was not different (25.1 °C). In comparison, the critical thermal maximum (CTMax; temperature increased at 2 °C h-1) of the remaining IR fish that had been held at 12 °C was 28.5 °C. Collectively, these results: 1) show that this population of Atlantic salmon is very thermally tolerant, and further question the relevance of CTMax in assessing responses to real-world temperature changes; and 2) indicate that characterization of stress phenotype at 9 °C is not predictive of their stress response or survival at high temperatures. Therefore, selection of fish based on phenotypic stress response at low temperatures may not be beneficial to incorporate into Atlantic salmon breeding programs, especially if the goal is to improve growth performance and survival at high temperatures in sea-cages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric H Ignatz
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada.
| | - Fábio S Zanuzzo
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada.
| | - Rebeccah M Sandrelli
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada.
| | - Kathy A Clow
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada.
| | - Matthew L Rise
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada.
| | - A Kurt Gamperl
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada.
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Ceccato F, Tizianel I, Voltan G, Maggetto G, Merante Boschin I, Quaia E, Crimì F, Scaroni C. Attenuation Value in Adrenal Incidentalomas: A Longitudinal Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:794197. [PMID: 34925247 PMCID: PMC8678594 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.794197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Context A tendency to grow has been reported in adrenal incidentalomas. However, long-term data regarding attenuation value, a measure of lipid content, are not available. Aim This study aims to collect radiological data (diameter in mm and attenuation value in Hounsfield units, HU) with computed tomography (CT) in adrenal incidentalomas, in order to compare baseline characteristics with the last follow-up imaging. Design This is a longitudinal study which included patients with a new diagnosis of adrenal incidentaloma, evaluated from January 2002 to June 2020. Setting Referral University-Hospital center. Patients Two hundred seventy-seven patients with 355 different cortical adenomas (baseline group) were evaluated at the first outpatient visit; the follow-up cohort consists of 181 patients with 234 adenomas (12-175 months after baseline). Inclusion criteria were conservative management and radiological features able to minimize malignancy or risk of progression. Main Outcome Measure CT modification according to endocrine function: autonomous cortisol secretion (ACS) if cortisol >50 nmol/L after 1-mg dexamethasone test (DST). Results At baseline CT, mean diameter was 18.7 mm and attenuation value was 0.8 HU (higher in ACS, 66 cases >10 HU), without modification in early imaging (12-36 months). The size increased over time (r = 0.289), achieving the largest differences after at least 60 months of follow-up (mean diameter, +2 mm; attenuation value, -4 HU), combined with a reduction in the attenuation value (r = -0.195, especially in patients with ACS). Lipid-poor adenomas (>10 HU) presented a reduced cortisol suppression after 1-mg DST, an increase in size and the largest decrease in attenuation value during follow-up. Univariate analysis confirmed that larger adenomas presented reduced suppression after DST and increase in size during follow-up. Conclusions Growth is clinically modest in adrenal incidentaloma: the first follow-up CT 5 years after baseline is a reasonable choice, especially in ACS. Mean density is increased in patients with ACS and overt hypercortisolism. Mean density reduces during follow-up in all adrenal adenomas, suggesting an increase in lipid content, especially in those with ACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Ceccato
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Endocrine Disease Unit, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Irene Tizianel
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Endocrine Disease Unit, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giacomo Voltan
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Endocrine Disease Unit, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Isabella Merante Boschin
- Endocrine Disease Unit, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Department of Surgical Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences (DiSCOG), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Emilio Quaia
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Institute of Radiology, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Filippo Crimì
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Institute of Radiology, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Carla Scaroni
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Endocrine Disease Unit, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Abstract
Stress and aggression have negative effects on fish welfare and productivity in aquaculture. Thus, research to understand aggression and stress in farmed fish is required. The neuropeptides arginine-vasotocin (AVT) and corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) are involved in the control of stress and aggression. Therefore, we investigated the effect of agonistic interactions on the gene expression of AVT, CRF and their receptors in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The social interactions lead to a clear dominant-subordinate relationship with dominant fish feeding more and being more aggressive. Subordinate fish had an upregulation of the AVT receptor (AVT-R), an upregulation of CRF mRNA levels, and higher plasma cortisol levels. The attenuating effect of AVT on aggression in rainbow trout is proposed to be mediated by AVT-R, and the attenuating effect of the CRF system is proposed to be mediated by CRF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Backström
- Institute of Integrated Natural Sciences, University Koblenz-Landau, Koblenz, Universitätsstraße 1, 56070, Koblenz, Germany.
| | - Per-Ove Thörnqvist
- Behavioural Neuroendocrinology Lab, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedical Centre (BMC), Uppsala University, Box 572, SE-751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Svante Winberg
- Behavioural Neuroendocrinology Lab, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedical Centre (BMC), Uppsala University, Box 572, SE-751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
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Fan K, Wei D, Liu X, He Y, Tian H, Tu R, Liu P, Nie L, Zhang L, Qiao D, Liu X, Hou J, Li L, Wang C, Huo W, Zhang G, Mao Z. Negative associations of morning serum cortisol levels with obesity: the Henan rural cohort study. J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:2581-2592. [PMID: 33829394 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-021-01558-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the associations of morning serum cortisol levels with obesity defined by different indices in Chinese rural populations. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed including 6198 participants (2566 males and 3632 females). Serum cortisol was collected in morning and quantified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Obesity was defined by body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (BFP), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist circumference (WC), visceral fat index (VFI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). Both multivariable liner regression, logistic regression and restrictive cubic splines models were used to estimate the gender-specific relationships between cortisol levels and obesity defined by different indices, respectively. RESULTS After adjusting for potential confounders, serum cortisol was negatively associated with different obesity measures, except obese females defined by BFP (for instance, overall obesity defined by BMI, Quartile 4 vs. Quartile 1, odds ratio (OR) = 0.25, 95% confidence interval (CI):0.15, 0.41 in males, and OR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.42,0.80 in females, central obesity defined by WC, OR = 0.52, 95% CI:0.39,0.69 in males and OR = 0.63, 95% CI:0.51,0.77 in females). Similarly, restrictive cubic splines showed the nonlinear relationship between high levels of cortisol and different obesity indices. Furthermore, ROC curve analysis indicated that cortisol could improve the discrimination of model with common biomarkers. CONCLUSION Morning serum cortisol were negatively related to obesity defined by different indices in Chinese rural populations. In addition, cortisol could be as a biomarker for prediction of obesity in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Fan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - D Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - X Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Y He
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - H Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - R Tu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - P Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - L Nie
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - L Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - D Qiao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - X Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - J Hou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - L Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - C Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - W Huo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - G Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Z Mao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China.
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Cho YS, Jeong TH, Choi MJ, Kim JM, Lim HK. Heat shock protein 70 gene expression and stress response of red-spotted (Epinephelus akaara) and hybrid (E. akaara female × E. lanceolatus male) groupers to heat and cold shock exposure. Fish Physiol Biochem 2021; 47:2067-2080. [PMID: 34782948 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-021-00966-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The importance of the temperature tolerance of fish is increasing due to climate change caused by global warming. This study examined the expression of the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) gene, and plasma cortisol and glucose levels, as a stress response in red-spotted and hybrid groupers during exposure to heat and cold shock. Temperature in the tank where fishes acclimated at 20℃ was gradually increased or decreased, respectively, to examine the survival rate of fish. The result showed a higher survival rate of the hybrid than that of the red-spotted grouper upon exposure to a higher temperature. To further analyze the factors associated with temperature-associated stress, fishes were collected from different temperatures which changed from 20 to 30℃ or 10℃, respectively, and then back to 20℃. The expression levels of the gene encoding heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) were analyzed by qPCR using cDNA prepared from RNA extracted from the brain. A higher level of HSP70 transcript was detected in the hybrid during heat shock exposure. Analysis of cortisol and glucose from the blood of fish collected during the acclimation periods clearly indicated that the level of cortisol was increased upon temperature shift although a slight difference in the degrees of changes timing was slightly different between red-spotted grouper and hybrid. The results showed a correlation between the level of HSP70 and survival rate upon exposure to higher temperature shock. This study provides basic information regarding whether HSP70 expression increases the survival rate of fish subjected to rapid temperature changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn Su Cho
- Department of Fishery Biology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48512, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyug Jeong
- Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeonnam, Jeju, 63333, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Jin Choi
- Department of Fishery Biology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48512, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Myoung Kim
- Department of Fishery Biology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48512, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Kyu Lim
- Department of Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, Muan-gun, 58554, Republic of Korea.
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Nixon E, Carlson AR, Routh PA, Hernandez L, Almond GW, Baynes RE, Messenger KM. Comparative effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs at castration and tail-docking in neonatal piglets. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254409. [PMID: 34847143 PMCID: PMC8631668 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the efficacy of meloxicam, flunixin, and ketoprofen in piglets undergoing routine castration and tail-docking. Six-day-old male piglets (8/group) received one of five randomized treatments: intramuscular saline (SAL PROC), meloxicam (MEL; 0.4 mg/kg), flunixin (FLU; 2.2 mg/kg), ketoprofen (KETO; 3.0 mg/kg) or sham (SAL SHAM; saline injection, no processing). Two hours post-dose, piglets were castrated and tail-docked. Plasma cortisol, interstitial fluid (ISF) prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and activity levels via Actical® monitoring were used to estimate pain. SAL SHAM and FLU exhibited lower cortisol concentrations than SAL PROC at the time of processing (p = 0.003 and p = 0.049, respectively), and all NSAIDs exhibited lower PGE2 than SAL PROC at 3.69 hours (MEL p = 0.050; FLU p = 0.043 and KETO p = 0.031). While not statistically significant, PGE2 was higher in SAL PROC piglets vs. other treatment groups at most time points. There was also a high degree of variability between piglets, especially for SAL PROC. Activity levels were significantly decreased at multiple time points in SAL PROC and MEL piglets following processing. However, FLU and KETO piglets had increased activity levels closer to that of the SAL SHAM group, suggesting that these NSAIDs are more effective than MEL in providing analgesia. These results demonstrate that management strategies including administration of intramuscular flunixin or ketoprofen to reduce pain associated with processing will likely improve piglet health and welfare in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Nixon
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America
| | - Alexandra R. Carlson
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America
| | - Patricia A. Routh
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America
| | - Liliana Hernandez
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America
| | - Glen W. Almond
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America
| | - Ronald E. Baynes
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America
| | - Kristen M. Messenger
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Barros-Gonçalves TDD, Saavedra AF, da Silva-Couto L, Ribeiro-Romão RP, Bezerra-Paiva M, Gomes-Silva A, Carvalho VF, Da-Cruz AM, Pinto EF. Increased levels of cortisol are associated with the severity of experimental visceral leishmaniasis in a Leishmania (L.) infantum-hamster model. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009987. [PMID: 34813597 PMCID: PMC8651114 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several infectious diseases are associated with hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis disorders by elevating circulating glucocorticoids (GCs), which are known to have an immunosuppressive potential. We conducted this study in golden hamsters, a suitable model for human visceral leishmaniasis (VL), to investigate the relationship of Leishmania (L.) infantum infection on cortisol production and VL severity. Methods L. infantum-infected (n = 42) and uninfected hamsters (n = 30) were followed-up at 30, 120, and 180 days post-infection (dpi). Plasma cortisol was analyzed by radioimmunoassay and cytokines, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and arginase by RT-qPCR. Results All hamsters showed splenomegaly at 180 dpi. Increased parasite burden was associated with higher arginase expression and lower iNOS induction. Cortisol levels were elevated in infected animals in all-time points evaluated. Except for monocytes, all other leucocytes showed a strong negative correlation with cortisol, while transaminases were positively correlated. Immunological markers as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, IL-10, and transforming growth-factor-β (TGF-β) were positively correlated to cortisol production, while interferon-γ (IFN-γ) presented a negative correlation. A network analysis showed cortisol as an important knot linking clinical status and immunological parameters. Conclusions These results suggest that L. infantum increases the systemic levels of cortisol, which showed to be associated with hematological, biochemical, and immunological parameters associated to VL severity. Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is an infectious disease that is common in most tropical countries. VL has high morbidity and leads to death if not properly treated. In Brazil, Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum is the main causative agent of VL. Golden hamsters have proven to be a suitable model for VL. Despite the importance of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis disturbances in infectious disease, few studies have addressed this issue in VL. In this study, we showed that L. infantum-infected hamsters present augmented levels of plasmatic cortisol in association with increased spleen parasite burden. Indeed, a strong positive correlation was observed between cortisol and biochemical parameters (AST/ALT/ALP) related to liver damage, as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-1β), anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10 and TGF-β), and the arginase enzyme that may favor the progression of infection. On the other side, cortisol was negatively correlated with leucocytes, except monocytes, and with IFN-γ and iNOS, which are involved in parasite-killing macrophage function. These results shed light on an unexplored aspect of VL pathogenesis, which is the importance of cortisol production in the disease-associated immune dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea F. Saavedra
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luzinei da Silva-Couto
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Raquel P. Ribeiro-Romão
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Milla Bezerra-Paiva
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Adriano Gomes-Silva
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vinicius F. Carvalho
- Laboratório de Inflamação, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Neuroimunomodulação (INCT-NIM), CNPq, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alda Maria Da-Cruz
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Neuroimunomodulação (INCT-NIM), CNPq, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Disciplina de Parasitologia-DMIP, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Rede de Pesquisas em Saúde do Estado do Rio de Janeiro/FAPERJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eduardo F. Pinto
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Rede de Pesquisas em Saúde do Estado do Rio de Janeiro/FAPERJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Aruna A, Lin CJ, Nagarajan G, Chang CF. Neurohypophysial Hormones Associated with Osmotic Challenges in the Brain and Pituitary of the Euryhaline Black Porgy, Acanthopagrus schlegelii. Cells 2021; 10:3086. [PMID: 34831308 PMCID: PMC8624723 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Our study showed differential expression of the arginine vasotocin (avt)/isotocin (it) in the brain and pituitary gland of the euryhaline black porgy (Acanthopagrus schlegelii) during osmotic stress. A decrease in serum osmolality and increased cortisol levels were observed after acute transfer from seawater (SW) to freshwater (FW). The increased expressions of avt, avt receptor (avtr: v1a), and isotocin receptor (itr: itr1) transcripts on day 1 and it and itr transcripts on days 7 and 30 were found in the brains and pituitary glands of FW fish. Increased levels of avt mRNA in the diencephalon and avtr mRNA in the pituitary together with serum cortisol on day 1 of FW exposure indicated activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal (HPI) axis. The expression levels of avtr and itr after FW transfer were increased in the pituitary on days 7 and 30. Furthermore, in situ hybridization demonstrated spatially differential expression of avt and itr transcripts in nucleus preopticus parvocellularis of pars gigantocellularis (PMgc), magnocellularis (PMmc), and parvocellularis (PMpc) of the preoptic area (POA). Positive signals for avt and it were highly abundant in PMpc after FW exposure. The data suggest involvement of neurohypophysial hormones in the brain (telencephalon and diencephalon) and pituitary for osmotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adimoolam Aruna
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan;
| | - Chien-Ju Lin
- Department of Aquaculture, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91230, Taiwan;
| | - Ganesan Nagarajan
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan;
- Department of Basic Sciences, PYD, King Faisal University, Al Hofuf 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Fong Chang
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan;
- Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan
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Fernández-Lázaro D, Mielgo-Ayuso J, del Valle Soto M, Adams DP, González-Bernal JJ, Seco-Calvo J. The Effects of 6 Weeks of Tribulus terrestris L. Supplementation on Body Composition, Hormonal Response, Perceived Exertion, and CrossFit ® Performance: A Randomized, Single-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:3969. [PMID: 34836225 PMCID: PMC8623187 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tribulus terrestris L. (TT) supplementation have been shown to enhance sports performance in many but not all studies. Moreover, data regarding the potential impact of TT supplementation on CrossFit® endurance is limited. This study aimed to determine whether TT supplementation improve body composition, hormonal response, and performance among CrossFit® athletes. In a randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial, a total of 30 healthy CrossFit®-trained males were randomly allocated to receive either 770 mg of TT supplementation or a placebo daily for 6 weeks. Body mass, fat mass, fat composition, testosterone and cortisol levels, and CrossFit® performance (5 common Workouts of the Day: back squat, bench press, dead lift, Grace, and CrossFit® Total) were assessed before and after intervention. There were no significant group x time interactions for the outcomes of the study except for testosterone levels and bench press performance (p < 0.05). TT supplementation did not impact enhance performance or body composition in CrossFit® male athletes. However, TT supplementation may act as a testosterone booster helping the recovery after physical loads and mitigating fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Fernández-Lázaro
- Department of Cellular Biology, Histology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Campus of Soria, University of Valladolid, 42003 Soria, Spain
- Neurobiology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Juan Mielgo-Ayuso
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain;
| | - Miguel del Valle Soto
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, University of Oviedo, 33003 Oviedo, Spain;
- Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - David P. Adams
- Dual Enrollment Program, Point University, Savannah, GA 31419, USA;
| | | | - Jesús Seco-Calvo
- Physiotherapy Department, Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Campus de Vegazana, University of Leon, 24071 Leon, Spain;
- Visiting Researcher of Basque Country University, Psychology Department, Faculty of Medicine, 48900 Leioa, Spain
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Fathi D, Abulsoud AI, Saad MA, Nassar NN, Maksimos MM, Rizk SM, Senousy MA. Agomelatine attenuates alcohol craving and withdrawal symptoms by modulating the Notch1 signaling pathway in rats. Life Sci 2021; 284:119904. [PMID: 34453945 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM Alcohol abuse is a significant causative factor of death worldwide. The Notch1 signaling pathway is involved in alcohol tolerance, withdrawal and dependence. Agomelatine is a known antidepressant acting as a melatonin receptor (MT1/2) agonist and a 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor-2C antagonist. However, its effects on alcohol cravings and alcohol withdrawal symptoms have not been investigated. In this study, we assessed the possibility of using agomelatine for the treatment of these symptoms in a rat model of alcoholism and the possible role of Notch1 signaling. MAIN METHODS We induced alcoholism in rats using a free-choice drinking model for 60 days. From day 61, free-choice was continued until day 82 for the craving model, whereas only water was offered in the withdrawal model. Meanwhile, the treated groups for both models received agomelatine (50 mg/kg/day) orally from day 61 to 82, followed by behavioral, histopathological and biochemical assessment. KEY FINDINGS Agomelatine treatment caused significant decrease in alcohol consumption with a positive effect on anxiety-like behavior in the open field, memory in the Morris water maze and immobility in the forced swim test. Moreover, agomelatine induced the expression of Notch1 pathway markers, including Notch1, NICD, CREB, CCNE-2, Hes-1, both total and phosphorylated ERK1/2, MMP9, Per2and RGS-2 in the hippocampal formation. By contrast, NMDAR expression was reduced. Furthermore, agomelatine normalized the serum levels of BDNF, cortisol, dopamine and glutamate which were disrupted by alcohol consumption. SIGNIFICANCE Based on these findings, agomelatine reversed alcohol cravings and withdrawal symptoms associated with alcohol dependence by modulating the Notch1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa Fathi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I Abulsoud
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Muhammed A Saad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Noha N Nassar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mina M Maksimos
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo, Egypt; Institute for Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Sherine M Rizk
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud A Senousy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Correia TG, Vieira VARO, de Moraes Narcizo A, Zampieri RA, Floeter-Winter LM, Moreira RG. Endocrine disruption caused by the aquatic exposure to aluminum and manganese in Astyanax altiparanae (Teleostei: Characidae) females during the final ovarian maturation. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 249:109132. [PMID: 34246795 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) and manganese (Mn) can be toxic to aquatic biota and cause endocrine disruption in fish, affecting reproduction. This study evaluates the physiological responses of the ray-finned teleost fish Astyanax altiparanae vitellogenic females after acute exposure (96 h) to Al and Mn (alone and combined) in acid pH followed by the same period of exposure to metal-free water in neutral pH. The aim of this second period of exposure was to assess the recovery capacity from the toxic effects these metals. Five experimental groups were established: a control in neutral pH (Ctrl), and acidic pH (Ac), aluminum (Al), manganese (Mn), and Al + Mn groups, maintaining the acidic pH in the groups to which metals were added. The following biological parameters were evaluated: metal tissue concentration, relative fecundity (RF: absolute fecundity/body mass). Plasma levels of cortisol (proxy for stress) and 17α hydroxyprogesterone (17α-OHP), and gene expression of pituitary lhβ mRNA (proxies for final maturation) were measured to evaluate endocrine disruption. In the synchronic exposure, the presence of Mn potentiated the accumulation of Al in gills. The females from acidic pH and Al groups showed a reduced RF. Exposure to Al and Mn triggered an endocrine disruption response, evidenced by a decrease in the plasma concentration of 17α-OHP and cortisol. Despite this anti-steroidogenic effect, no changes occurred in the pituitary gene expression of lhβ. The endocrine changes and the metal accumulation were temporary, while the impacts on RF under the experimental conditions suggest permanent impairment in the reproduction of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Gabriel Correia
- Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Amanda de Moraes Narcizo
- Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Andrade Zampieri
- Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucile Maria Floeter-Winter
- Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Renata Guimarães Moreira
- Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Kawakita T, Yasui T, Yoshida K, Matsui S, Iwasa T. Correlations of androstenediol with reproductive hormones and cortisol according to stages during the menopausal transition in Japanese women. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 214:106009. [PMID: 34571175 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2021.106009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Associations of androstenediol, which has both androgenic and estrogenic activities, with circulating reproductive hormones and stress hormone in women during the menopausal transition may be different depending on the menopausal stage. The aim of this study was to determine the changes in circulating androstenediol during the menopausal transition in Japanese women and the associations of androstenediol with estrogen, androgen and cortisol for each stage of the menopausal transition. We divided the 104 subjects into 6 stages by menstrual regularity and follicle-stimulating hormone level: mid reproductive stage, late reproductive stage, early menopausal transition, late menopausal transition, very early postmenopause and early postmenopause. Levels of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), estradiol, estrone, testosterone (T), free T, androstenedione and cortisol were measured. Serum androstenediol concentration was measured by using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. There were no significant differences in androstenediol levels among the 6 stages. Levels of DHEA-S and testosterone showed significant and positive correlations with androstenediol in all stages. Estradiol levels showed negative correlations with androstenediol levels in the late menopausal transition and very early postmenopause (r=-0.452, p = 0.052 and r=-0.617, p = 0.006, respectively). Cortisol levels showed significant and positive correlations with androstenediol levels in the mid and late reproductive stages (r = 0.719, p = 0.003 and r = 0.808, p < 0.001, respectively).The associations of androstenediol with estradiol and cortisol were different depending on the stage of the menopausal transition. Androstenediol may play a compensatory role for estrogen deficiency from late menopausal transition to very early postmenopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takako Kawakita
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Japan.
| | - Toshiyuki Yasui
- Department of Reproductive and Menopausal Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Japan
| | - Kanako Yoshida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Japan
| | - Sumika Matsui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokushima Red Cross Hospital, Japan
| | - Takeshi Iwasa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Japan
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Yener S, Tuna G, Kant M, Akis M, Kara O, Kalas B, Baris M, Islekel GH. Assessment of Plasma-Free Cortisol Concentrations by LC-MS/MS in Patients with Autonomous Cortisol Secretion. Horm Metab Res 2021; 53:752-758. [PMID: 34740277 DOI: 10.1055/a-1661-4126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Autonomous cortisol secretion (ACS) of an adrenal incidentaloma (AI) is associated with mild cortisol excess that could result in poor metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes. The biological activity of glucocorticoids depends on the unbound, free fraction. We aimed to evaluate plasma free cortisol (FC) concentrations in patients with ACS in this cross-sectional study. One hundred and ten AI patients in 3 groups; non-functioning (NFA, n=33), possible ACS (n=65), ACS (n=12) were enrolled. Following measurements were conducted: Clinical data and total serum cortisol (TC), plasma corticotrophin (ACTH), serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), cortisol after 1 mg dexamethasone by both immunoassay and LC-MS/MS (DexF), serum corticosteroid binding globulin (CBG), plasma dexamethasone concentration [DEX] and plasma FC by LC-MS/MS. Patients with ACS featured an unfavorable metabolic profile. Plasma [DEX] and serum CBG levels were similar between groups. Plasma FC was significantly higher in ACS when compared to NFA and possible ACS groups p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively. In multiple regression analysis DexF (beta=0.402, p<0.001) and CBG (beta=-0.257, p=0.03) remained as the independent predictors of plasma FC while age, sex, BMI, smoking habit, and existing cardiovascular disease did not make a significant contribution to the regression model. In conclusion, the magnitude of cortisol excess in ACS could lead to increased plasma FC concentrations. Further studies in AI patients are needed to demonstrate whether any alterations of cortisol affinity for CBG exist and to establish whether plasma FC concentrations predict the unfavorable metabolic profile in ACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serkan Yener
- Division of Endocrinology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gamze Tuna
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Melis Kant
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
- Biomolecular Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Merve Akis
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Balıkesir University, Balıkesir, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Kara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Busra Kalas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Baris
- Department of Radiology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gul Huray Islekel
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
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Rodrigues MO, Moraes AB, de Paula MP, Pereira VA, Leão ATT, Vieira Neto L. Adrenal incidentaloma as a novel independent predictive factor for periodontitis. J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:2455-2463. [PMID: 33788166 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-021-01557-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE There are no data regarding periodontal derangements in patients with adrenal incidentalomas (AI). We assessed the frequency and severity of periodontitis in patients with AI [non-functioning adrenal incidentaloma (NFAI) and possible autonomous cortisol secretion (ACS)] and compared with individuals with normal adrenal. METHODS A cross-sectional study evaluated thirty-five individuals with AI and 26 controls. NFAI and possible ACS diagnosis was based on the current guidelines: NFAI [cortisol levels after 1 mg dexamethasone suppression test (1 mg-DST) ≤ 1.8 µg/dL (≤ 50 nmol/L)]; possible ACS [cortisol levels after 1 mg-DST 1.9-5.0 µg/dL (51-138 nmol/L)]. Sociodemographic data were collected, and a full-mouth periodontal evaluation was performed. RESULTS There was no significant difference between groups regarding age, sex, income, ethnicity, education level, smoking, body mass index, dysglycemia, and arterial hypertension. Patients with AI exhibited worse periodontal conditions than controls for the following periodontal clinical parameters: mean percentage of probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) ≥ 5 mm (p < 0.001 and p = 0.006, respectively). Patients with NFAI and possible ACS showed higher gingival bleeding index (p = 0.014), bleeding on probing (p < 0.001), and CAL (p < 0.001) means compared to controls. The frequencies of periodontitis were 72.7% in patients with NFAI, 84.6% in possible ACS, and 30.8% in controls (p = 0.001). Periodontitis was more severe in patients with possible ACS than NFAI and controls. Patients with NFAI and possible ACS exhibited odds ratio for periodontitis of 4.9 (p = 0.016) and 8.6 (p = 0.02), respectively. CONCLUSION Patients with AI have higher frequency and severity of periodontitis than controls. The presence of AI was an independent predictive factor for periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M O Rodrigues
- Department of Dental Clinic, Division of Periodontics, Dental School, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A B Moraes
- Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrine Unit, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Professor Rodolpho Paulo Rocco Street, 255. 9th floor-Endocrinology Unit Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-913, Brazil
| | - M P de Paula
- Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrine Unit, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Professor Rodolpho Paulo Rocco Street, 255. 9th floor-Endocrinology Unit Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-913, Brazil
| | - V A Pereira
- Department of Dental Clinic, Division of Periodontics, Dental School, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A T T Leão
- Department of Dental Clinic, Division of Periodontics, Dental School, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - L Vieira Neto
- Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrine Unit, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Professor Rodolpho Paulo Rocco Street, 255. 9th floor-Endocrinology Unit Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-913, Brazil.
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Araujo-Castro M, Robles Lázaro C, Parra Ramírez P, García Centeno R, Gracia Gimeno P, Fernández-Ladreda MT, Sampedro Núñez MA, Marazuela M, Escobar-Morreale HF, Valderrabano P. Maximum adenoma diameter, regardless of uni- or bilaterality, is a risk factor for autonomous cortisol secretion in adrenal incidentalomas. J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:2349-2357. [PMID: 33683661 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-021-01539-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate differences between patients with unilateral and bilateral adrenal incidentalomas (AIs) in the prevalence of autonomous cortisol secretion (ACS) and related comorbidities. METHODS In this multicentre retrospective study, AIs ≥ 1 cm without overt hormonal excess were included in the study. ACS was defined by a post-dexamethasone suppression test (DST) serum cortisol ≥ 5.0 µg/dl, in the absence of signs of hypercortisolism. For the association of ACS with the prevalence of comorbidities, post-DST serum cortisol was also analysed as a continuous variable. RESULTS Inclusion criteria were met by 823 patients, 66.3% had unilateral and 33.7% bilateral AIs. ACS was demonstrated in 5.7% of patients. No differences in the prevalence of ACS and related comorbidities were found between bilateral and unilateral AIs (P > 0.05). However, we found that tumour size was a good predictor of ACS (OR = 1.1 for each mm, P < 0.001), and the cut-off of 25 mm presented a good diagnostic accuracy to predict ACS (sensitivity of 69.4%, specificity of 74.1%). During a median follow-up time of 31.2 (IQR = 14.4-56.5) months, the risk of developing dyslipidaemia was increased in bilateral compared with unilateral AIs (HR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.1-3.0 but, this association depended on the tumour size observed at the end of follow-up (HR adjusted by last visit-tumour size = 0.9, 95% CI = 0.1-16.2). CONCLUSIONS Tumour size, not bilaterality, is associated with a higher prevalence of ACS. During follow-up, neither tumour size nor bilaterality were associated with the development of new comorbidities, yet a larger tumour size after follow-up explained the association of bilateral AIs with the risk of dyslipidaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Araujo-Castro
- Neuroendocrinology Unit, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition. Hospital, Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria IRYCIS. Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - C Robles Lázaro
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Virgen de la Concha, Zamora, Spain
| | - P Parra Ramírez
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - R García Centeno
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - P Gracia Gimeno
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Royo Villanova, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - M T Fernández-Ladreda
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario de Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - M A Sampedro Núñez
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Marazuela
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - H F Escobar-Morreale
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, University of Alcalá, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas CIBERDEM, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - P Valderrabano
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
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Benjamin JJ, Kuppusamy M, Koshy T, Kalburgi Narayana M, Ramaswamy P. Cortisol and polycystic ovarian syndrome - a systematic search and meta-analysis of case-control studies. Gynecol Endocrinol 2021; 37:961-967. [PMID: 33818258 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2021.1908254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) has become an emerging disorder affecting women of reproductive age group. Its intricate presentation of signs and symptoms makes it a disease of interest to research. While there are varied hypotheses related to its cause and pathogenesis, role of stress in this disease is yet to be grounded. There is emerging body of evidence on cortisol and PCOS, although it is currently equivocal. METHODS Medline, Embase, Pubmed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Scopus were searched from March 1985 to March 2020 using MeSH terms. After dual quality assessments and data abstraction, the final articles were included for meta-analysis. RESULTS Forty-one studies qualified for the analysis. Pooled meta-analysis showed that the level of cortisol was significantly higher in PCOS when compared to healthy controls (standard mean difference [SMD] = 0.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.42-1.23) with highly significant heterogeneity (I2 = 94%). Subgroup analysis done based on type of sample stated high effect size for blood cortisol levels (SMD = 0.9, 95%CI = 0.32; 1.51) compared to overall effect. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review and meta-analysis on cortisol and PCOS have helped in generating evidence regarding the role of cortisol in the pathogenesis of PCOS and the use of cortisol estimation as a potential stress marker in PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiby Jolly Benjamin
- Department of Physiology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, SRIHER, Chennai, India
| | - Maheshkumar Kuppusamy
- Biochemistry and Physiology, Government Yoga and Naturopathy Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, India
| | - Teena Koshy
- Department of Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, SRIHER, Chennai, India
| | | | - Padmavathi Ramaswamy
- Department of Physiology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, SRIHER, Chennai, India
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Martens A, Duran B, Vanbesien J, Verheyden S, Rutteman B, Staels W, Anckaert E, Gies I, De Schepper J. Clinical and biological correlates of morning serum cortisol in children and adolescents with overweight and obesity. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258653. [PMID: 34669746 PMCID: PMC8528324 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim A fraction of children with obesity have increased serum cortisol levels. In this study, we describe the clinical characteristics of obese children and adolescents with elevated morning serum cortisol levels and the relationship between the cortisol levels and components of the metabolic syndrome. Methods Retrospective medical record review study of children aged 4 to 18 years with overweight or obesity seen for obesity management in the Pediatric Obesity Clinic of the UZ Brussel between 2013 and 2015. Results A total of 234 children (99 boys and 135 girls) with overweight (BMI z-score > 1.3) without underlying endocrine or genetic conditions were included. Mean (SD) age was 10.1 (2.8) years, BMI SD-score 2.5 (0.6), and body fat percentage 37% (7.9). Serum fasting cortisol levels were elevated (>180 μg/L) in 49 children, normal (62–180 μg/L) in 168, and decreased (<62 μg/L) in 12. Serum fasting cortisol was not significantly correlated with gender, age, or degree of adiposity. But correlated significantly with fasting glucose (Rs = 0.193; p < 0.005), triglycerides (Rs = 0. 143; p < 0.05), fibrinogen (Rs = 0.144; p < 0.05) and leptin levels (Rs = 0.145; p < 0.05). After adjustment for serum insulin and leptin, the correlation between serum cortisol and fasting glucose remained significant. Conclusion Elevated morning serum cortisol levels were found in 20% of overweight or obese children and adolescents, irrespective of the degree of adiposity, and were associated with higher fasting glucose, irrespective of underlying insulin resistance. The long-term cardiometabolic consequences of hypercortisolemia in childhood obesity needs further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Martens
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bünyamin Duran
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jesse Vanbesien
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stephanie Verheyden
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bart Rutteman
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Willem Staels
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Research group BENE, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ellen Anckaert
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Inge Gies
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Research group GRON, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean De Schepper
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Research group BITE, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- * E-mail:
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Nobari H, Cholewa JM, Castillo-Rodríguez A, Kargarfard M, Pérez-Gómez J. Effects of chronic betaine supplementation on performance in professional young soccer players during a competitive season: a double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2021; 18:67. [PMID: 34663363 PMCID: PMC8525016 DOI: 10.1186/s12970-021-00464-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Various nutritional strategies are adopted for athletes to maintain and to improve performance during the competition season. Betaine may enhance performance during a competitive season by increasing the testosterone to cortisol ratio and reducing systemic inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of betaine supplementation on the bio-motor abilities in young professional soccer players. METHODS Twenty-nine young professional soccer players (age, 15.5±0.3 years) were matched by position and randomly assigned to one of two groups for 14 weeks: betaine (BG, 2 g/day; n=14) or placebo (PG n=15). Diet was standardized by a nutritionist, and measures of muscular power (countermovement jump: CMJ), change of direction: modified 5-0-5), acceleration (10 m sprint), sprint performance (30 m sprint time: SpT), muscular strength (leg press and bench press one repetition maximum: 1-RM), repeated sprint ability (running-based anaerobic sprint test: RAST), and aerobic capacity (30-15 intermittent fitness test) were assessed in the pre (P1), mid (P2) and post (P3) season over the course of 5 days. All subjects participated in one soccer match and five training sessions per week. RESULTS Significant (p < 0.05) group x time interactions were found for maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), anaerobic peak power, and muscular strength favoring BG at P2 and P3 compared to P1. There were meaningful (p < 0.05) group x time interactions for CMJ, SpT, and peak power during the RAST that favored the BG. CONCLUSIONS 14-week of betaine supplementation increased predicted 1-RM, VO2max, and repeated sprint ability performance in youth professional soccer players. Betaine supplementation seems to be a useful nutritional strategy to improve and to maintain performance during a competitive soccer season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Nobari
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, 81746- 7344, Isfahan, Iran.
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, 56199-11367, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - Jason M Cholewa
- Department of Exercise Physiology, College of Health Sciences, University of Lynchburg, 24501, Lynchburg, VA, USA
| | | | - Mehdi Kargarfard
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, 81746- 7344, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Jorge Pérez-Gómez
- HEME Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003, Cáceres, Spain
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