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Rocha C, Santos G, Padilha D, Schmitt D, Medeiros-Neto C, Sbrissia A. Padrões de deslocamento de bovinos em pastos de capim-quicuiu sob lotação intermitente. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-8711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o padrão de deslocamento de bovinos em pastos de capim-quicuiu submetidos a diferentes alturas de entrada (10, 15, 20 e 25cm) e mesma proporção de rebaixamento (redução em 50% da altura inicial). O padrão de exploração das estações alimentares foi avaliado com base na observação direta de dois animais (1/observador) por unidade experimental, com concomitante registro de códigos em gravadores de voz dos passos, bocados e outras atividades. As avaliações foram realizadas duas vezes por dia (10 e 15h) durante uma hora, no primeiro e no último dia do período de ocupação dos piquetes. Adicionalmente, foram realizadas avaliações em pré e pós-pastejo da massa de forragem, massa de lâminas foliares e altura do perfilho e da bainha estendida. O experimento foi conduzido de acordo com um delineamento em blocos completos ao acaso, com quatro tratamento e três repetições. Durante a fase inicial de rebaixamento, as variáveis passos por minuto, número de bocados por estação alimentar e taxa de bocados foram maiores nos pastos mais baixos, reduzindo com o aumento da altura em pré-pastejo, sem diferenças significativas durante a fase final de rebaixamento. Ocorrem variações no padrão de deslocamento dos animais em pastos de capim-quicuiu durante a fase inicial de rebaixamento, quando alturas entre 20-25cm apresentam melhores condições para o processo de forrageamento. O rebaixamento em 50% da altura inicial interfere negativamente no padrão de deslocamento dos animais, independentemente das metas de altura em pré-pastejo utilizadas.
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Kleinpeter P, Fend L, Thioudellet C, Geist M, Sfrontato N, Koerper V, Fahrner C, Schmitt D, Gantzer M, Remy-Ziller C, Brandely R, Villeval D, Rittner K, Silvestre N, Erbs P, Zitvogel L, Quéméneur E, Préville X, Marchand JB. Vectorization in an oncolytic vaccinia virus of an antibody, a Fab and a scFv against programmed cell death -1 (PD-1) allows their intratumoral delivery and an improved tumor-growth inhibition. Oncoimmunology 2016; 5:e1220467. [PMID: 27853644 PMCID: PMC5087307 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2016.1220467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We report here the successful vectorization of a hamster monoclonal IgG (namely J43) recognizing the murine Programmed cell death-1 (mPD-1) in Western Reserve (WR) oncolytic vaccinia virus. Three forms of mPD-1 binders have been inserted into the virus: whole antibody (mAb), Fragment antigen-binding (Fab) or single-chain variable fragment (scFv). MAb, Fab and scFv were produced and assembled with the expected patterns in supernatants of cells infected by the recombinant viruses. The three purified mPD-1 binders were able to block the binding of mPD-1 ligand to mPD-1 in vitro. Moreover, mAb was detected in tumor and in serum of C57BL/6 mice when the recombinant WR-mAb was injected intratumorally (IT) in B16F10 and MCA 205 tumors. The concentration of circulating mAb detected after IT injection was up to 1,900-fold higher than the level obtained after a subcutaneous (SC) injection (i.e., without tumor) confirming the virus tropism for tumoral cells and/or microenvironment. Moreover, the overall tumoral accumulation of the mAb was higher and lasted longer after IT injection of WR-mAb1, than after IT administration of 10 µg of J43. The IT injection of viruses induced a massive infiltration of immune cells including activated lymphocytes (CD8+ and CD4+). Interestingly, in the MCA 205 tumor model, WR-mAb1 and WR-scFv induced a therapeutic control of tumor growth similar to unarmed WR combined to systemically administered J43 and superior to that obtained with an unarmed WR. These results pave the way for next generation of oncolytic vaccinia armed with immunomodulatory therapeutic proteins such as mAbs.
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Greener Y, McCartney M, Jordan L, Schmitt D, Youkilis EJ. Assessment of the Systemic Effects, Primary Dermal Irritation, and Ocular Irritation of Chlorhexidine Acetate Solutions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.3109/10915818509078694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The biologic effects of various chlorhexidine acetate (ClAc) solutions containing isopropyl alcohol, Synperonic NP8, and carmoisin were evaluated (1) following intraperitoneal (IP) administration in rats for 5 consecutive days followed by a 5-day recovery period, (2) by measuring the primary irritation of the skin by a patch-test technique on intact and abraded skin of rabbits, and (3) following instillation into the eyes or rabbits followed by washing 50% of the treated eyes with lukewarm water in order to evaluate ocular irritation. Physiologic saline solution served as the control article throughout the studies. There was a high incidence of deaths (i.e., 28/32 and 11/16 for ClAc solutions with and without Synperonic NP8, respectively) among rats receiving IP treatment at a dosage of 40 ml/kg per day for 5 consecutive days. No toxicologically significant treatment-related changes were observed in rats treated IP with either surfactant or isopropyl alcohol with Synperonic NP8. Toxicity of ClAc solution appears to be due to a chemically induced peritonitis with no evidence of systemic toxicity. ClAc solution or the respective surfactants elicited either no reaction or a mild dermal irritation in the rabbit. Likewise, ClAc solution with or without Synperonic NP8 and the three respective surfactants did not cause any significant ocular irritation changes that are considered of toxicologic significance. It is concluded that (1) the multiple IP administration of ClAc solution elicited a toxic response in rats, and thus, caution must be exercised when the solution is used for the purposes of peritoneal lavage, and (2) ClAc solution is a mild dermal and ocular irritant in the rabbit.
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Schmitt D, Levy R, Carroll B. Toxicological Evaluation of β-Caryophyllene Oil: Subchronic Toxicity in Rats. Int J Toxicol 2016; 35:558-67. [PMID: 27358239 DOI: 10.1177/1091581816655303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In a subchronic toxicity study, administration of β-caryophyllene (BCP) oil by oral gavage to Wistar rats at dosages of 0, 150, 450, or 700 mg/kg/d for 90 days, including a 21-day recovery period, did not produce any significant toxicologic manifestations. The study design also included a 28-day interim sacrifice in the control and high-dose groups. The BCP oil test article was well tolerated as evidenced by the absence of major treatment-related changes in the general condition and appearance of the rats, neurobehavioral end points, growth, feed and water intake, ophthalmoscopic examinations, routine hematology and clinical chemistry parameters, urinalysis, and necropsy findings. The no observed adverse effect level was the highest dosage level administered of 700 mg/kg body weight/d for both male and female rats. The study was conducted as part of an investigation to examine the safety of BCP oil for its proposed use in medical food products.
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Lélu K, Evlachev A, Kratzer R, Godon O, Mancini-Bourgine M, Dion S, Schmitt D, Dubois C, Meritet J, Schlesinger Y, Marchand J, Geist M, Brandely R, Findeli A, Zhu R, Menguy T, Silvestre N, Michel M, Inchauspé G, Martin P. TG1050, a novel immunotherapeutic for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B, can control HBsAg and provoke HBsAg seroconversion in HBV-persistent mouse models. J Clin Virol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2015.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Krasteva M, Moulon C, Péguet-Navarro J, Courtellemont P, Redziniak G, Schmitt D. In vitro sensitization of human T cells with hapten-treated Langerhans cells: a screening test for the identification of contact allergens. CURRENT PROBLEMS IN DERMATOLOGY 2015; 25:28-36. [PMID: 8787586 DOI: 10.1159/000425512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Kruessmann R, Ponomarev A, Pfrang W, Struwe D, Champigny J, Carluec B, Schmitt D, Verwaerde D. Assessment of SFR reactor safety issues: Part II: Analysis results of ULOF transients imposed on a variety of different innovative core designs with SAS-SFR. NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2014.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Dentinger CM, Jacob K, Lee LV, Mendez HA, Chotikanatis K, McDonough PL, Chico DM, De BK, Tiller RV, Traxler RM, Campagnolo ER, Schmitt D, Guerra MA, Slavinski SA. Human Brucella canis Infection and Subsequent Laboratory Exposures Associated with a Puppy, New York City, 2012. Zoonoses Public Health 2014; 62:407-14. [PMID: 25363807 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Human Brucella canis infection incidence is unknown. Most identified cases are associated with pet dogs. Laboratory-acquired infections can occur following contact with Brucella spp. We identified a paediatric B. canis case, the source and other exposed persons. A 3-year-old New York City child with fever and dyspnoea was hospitalized for 48 h for bronchiolitis. After her admission, blood culture grew B. canis, she was prescribed anti-microbials and recovered. B. canis was also isolated from blood of the child's pet dog; these isolates were genetically similar. The dog originated from an Iowa breeding facility which was quarantined after identification of the dog's infection. Additionally, 31 laboratory workers were exposed and subsequently monitored for symptoms; 15 completed post-exposure prophylaxis. To our knowledge, this is the first report strongly suggesting B. canis zoonotic transmission to a child in the United States, and highlights the need for coordinated control policies to minimize human illness.
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Franz AM, Schmitt D, Seitel A, Chatrasingh M, Echner G, Oelfke U, Nill S, Birkfellner W, Maier-Hein L. Standardized accuracy assessment of the calypso wireless transponder tracking system. Phys Med Biol 2014; 59:6797-810. [PMID: 25332308 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/59/22/6797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Electromagnetic (EM) tracking allows localization of small EM sensors in a magnetic field of known geometry without line-of-sight. However, this technique requires a cable connection to the tracked object. A wireless alternative based on magnetic fields, referred to as transponder tracking, has been proposed by several authors. Although most of the transponder tracking systems are still in an early stage of development and not ready for clinical use yet, Varian Medical Systems Inc. (Palo Alto, California, USA) presented the Calypso system for tumor tracking in radiation therapy which includes transponder technology. But it has not been used for computer-assisted interventions (CAI) in general or been assessed for accuracy in a standardized manner, so far. In this study, we apply a standardized assessment protocol presented by Hummel et al (2005 Med. Phys. 32 2371-9) to the Calypso system for the first time. The results show that transponder tracking with the Calypso system provides a precision and accuracy below 1 mm in ideal clinical environments, which is comparable with other EM tracking systems. Similar to other systems the tracking accuracy was affected by metallic distortion, which led to errors of up to 3.2 mm. The potential of the wireless transponder tracking technology for use in many future CAI applications can be regarded as extremely high.
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Lazaro A, Schikorr M, Mikityuk K, Ammirabile L, Bandini G, Darmet G, Schmitt D, Dufour P, Tosello A, Gallego E, Jimenez G, Bubelis E, Ponomarev A, Kruessmann R, Struwe D, Stempniewicz M. Code assessment and modelling for Design Basis Accident analysis of the European Sodium Fast Reactor design. Part II: Optimised core and representative transients analysis. NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2014.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Akkari M, Schmitt D, Jeandel C, Raingeard I, Blanchet C, Cartier C, Garrel R, Guerrier B, Makeieff M, Mondain M. Nodular recurrence and hypothyroidism following partial thyroidectomy for benign nodular thyroid disease in children and adolescents. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2014; 78:1742-6. [PMID: 25156198 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2014.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Diagnostic and therapeutic processing of a thyroid nodule in children and adolescents may require lobectomy-isthmusectomy (LI) or nodule-resection (NR). Very few data in the literature report the long-term evolution of the remaining thyroid lobe in a defined pediatric population. In this study, we aimed to answer the following questions: Does a nodule recurrence occur in the remainder lobe? Is a post-operative thyroxine treatment necessary? MATERIAL AND METHODS This retrospective study describes 28 patients under 18 who underwent LI (22 cases) or NR (6 cases) from January 2004 to March 2012. Ten of them were lost to follow up, 18 could be assessed (4 NR (22%) and 14 LI (78%) - mean follow-up 45±31 months). All patients benefited of post-operative thyroid ultrasonography, and regular endocrinologic follow-up. The following data were analysed: emergence of new thyroid nodules, evolution of pre-existing nodules, occurrence of post-operative hypothyroidism and requirement for completion thyroidectomy. RESULTS The mean age at the time of surgery was 14.3±1.9 years. Two patients (11%) had pre-existing nodules in the remaining thyroid gland, none of which showed an increase in size after surgery. De novo nodules developed in five patients (27.8%). Three patients who underwent LI (21.4%) needed thyroxine treatment for post-operative hypothyroidism. One patient (5.5%) needed completion thyroidectomy. CONCLUSIONS In this children and adolescents population, after performing LI or NR, remaining thyroid tissue stays free of nodules in 72.2% of the cases. A post-operative thyroxin treatment is necessary in 21.4% of cases after LI.
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Wunderlich RE, Tongen A, Gardiner J, Miller CE, Schmitt D. Dynamics of Locomotor Transitions from Arboreal to Terrestrial Substrates in Verreaux's Sifaka (Propithecus verreauxi). Integr Comp Biol 2014; 54:1148-58. [DOI: 10.1093/icb/icu110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Mayer C, Ohlms U, Schmitt D, Waldner C, Bodenmueller H, Anzeneder T. The PATH Biobank: Re-Consenting Patients Regarding Genomic Research. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu066.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Harbeck N, Blettner M, Hadji P, Jackisch C, Lück HJ, Windemuth-Kieselbach C, Zaun S, Haidinger R, Schmitt D, Schulte H, Nitz U, Kreienberg R. Patient's Anastrozole Compliance to Therapy (PACT) Program: Baseline Data and Patient Characteristics from a Population-Based, Randomized Study Evaluating Compliance to Aromatase Inhibitor Therapy in Postmenopausal Women with Hormone-Sensitive Early Breast Cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 8:110-20. [PMID: 24419247 DOI: 10.1159/000350777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Patient's Anastrozole Compliance to Therapy (PACT) program is a large randomized study designed to assess whether the provision of educational materials (EM) could improve compliance with aromatase inhibitor therapy in postmenopausal women with early, hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS The PACT study presented a large, homogeneous dataset. The baseline analysis included patient demographics and initial treatments and patient perceptions about treatment and quality of life. RESULTS Overall, 4,923 patients were enrolled at 109 German breast cancer centers/clinics in cooperation with 1,361 office-based gynecologists/oncologists. 4,844 women were randomized 1:1 to standard therapy (n = 2,402) or standard therapy plus EM (n = 2,442). Prior breast-conserving surgery and mastectomy had been received by 76% and 24% of the patients, respectively. Radiotherapy was scheduled for 85% of the patients, adjuvant chemotherapy for 38%. Reflecting the postmenopausal, hormone-sensitive nature of this population, only 285 patients (7%) had received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS A comparison with epidemiological data from the West German Breast Center suggests that the patients in the PACT study are representative of a general postmenopausal early breast cancer population and that the findings may be applicable to 'real-world' Germany and beyond. Compliance data from PACT are eagerly anticipated.
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Altenstein G, Nill S, Schmitt D, Sterzing F, Oelfke U. PD-0095: Fast rotational IMRT with a 2d binary MLC (2D-bMLC): Dosimetric consequences of intrafraction prostate motion. Radiother Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)30200-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Schmitt D, Nill S, Roeder F, Herth F, Oelfke U. MO-F-WAB-12: Quantification of Intrafractional Tumor Motion in the Upper Lung Using An Electromagnetic Tumor Tracking System. Med Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4815301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Schmitt D. La cellule de Langerhans : cellule dendritique de l'épiderme et des muqueuses. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4267/10608/3925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Dohmen PM, Jungnickel A, Funkat AK, Mende M, Schmitt D, Correia C, Bakhtiary F, Misfeld M, Borger MA, Mohr FW. Deep surgical site infection in insulin dependent diabetic patients: On-pump or off-pump in isolated coronary bypass surgery? Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1332245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Mori N, Schmitt D, Wicht J, Ferriz-Mas A, Mouri H, Nakamichi A, Morikawa M. Domino model for geomagnetic field reversals. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2013; 87:012108. [PMID: 23410284 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.87.012108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2011] [Revised: 09/05/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We solve the equations of motion of a one-dimensional planar Heisenberg (or Vaks-Larkin) model consisting of a system of interacting macrospins aligned along a ring. Each spin has unit length and is described by its angle with respect to the rotational axis. The orientation of the spins can vary in time due to spin-spin interaction and random forcing. We statistically describe the behavior of the sum of all spins for different parameters. The term "domino model" in the title refers to the interaction among the spins. We compare the model results with geomagnetic field reversals and dynamo simulations and find strikingly similar behavior. The aggregate of all spins keeps the same direction for a long time and, once in a while, begins flipping to change the orientation by almost 180 degrees (mimicking a geomagnetic reversal) or to move back to the original direction (mimicking an excursion). Most of the time the spins are aligned or antialigned and deviate only slightly with respect to the rotational axis (mimicking the secular variation of the geomagnetic pole with respect to the geographic pole). Reversals are fast compared to the times in between and they occur at random times, both in the model and in the case of the Earth's magnetic field.
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Schmitt D, Tran N, Peach J, Edwards T, Greeley M. Toxicologic evaluations of DHA-rich algal oil in rats: Developmental toxicity study and 3-month dietary toxicity study with an in utero exposure phase. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:4149-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2012] [Revised: 07/25/2012] [Accepted: 08/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Schmitt D, Tran N, Peach J, Bauter M, Marone P. Toxicologic evaluation of DHA-rich algal oil: Genotoxicity, acute and subchronic toxicity in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:3567-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2012] [Revised: 07/26/2012] [Accepted: 07/28/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Schmitt D, Nill S, Roeder F, Herfarth K, Oelfke U. SU-E-J-147: Dosimetric Consequences of Intrafraction Prostate Motion: Comparison Between Phantom Measurements and Three Different Calculation Methods. Med Phys 2012; 39:3686. [PMID: 28518909 DOI: 10.1118/1.4734984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Brito D, Alboussière T, Cardin P, Gagnière N, Jault D, La Rizza P, Masson JP, Nataf HC, Schmitt D. Zonal shear and super-rotation in a magnetized spherical Couette-flow experiment. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2011; 83:066310. [PMID: 21797480 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.83.066310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2011] [Revised: 05/04/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We present measurements performed in a spherical shell filled with liquid sodium, where a 74-mm-radius inner sphere is rotated while a 210-mm-radius outer sphere is at rest. The inner sphere holds a dipolar magnetic field and acts as a magnetic propeller when rotated. In this experimental setup called "Derviche Tourneur Sodium" (DTS), direct measurements of the velocity are performed by ultrasonic Doppler velocimetry. Differences in electric potential and the induced magnetic field are also measured to characterize the magnetohydrodynamic flow. Rotation frequencies of the inner sphere are varied between -30 Hz and +30 Hz, the magnetic Reynolds number based on measured sodium velocities and on the shell radius reaching to about 33. We have investigated the mean axisymmetric part of the flow, which consists of differential rotation. Strong super-rotation of the fluid with respect to the rotating inner sphere is directly measured. It is found that the organization of the mean flow does not change much throughout the entire range of parameters covered by our experiment. The direct measurements of zonal velocity give a nice illustration of Ferraro's law of isorotation in the vicinity of the inner sphere, where magnetic forces dominate inertial ones. The transition from a Ferraro regime in the interior to a geostrophic regime, where inertial forces predominate, in the outer regions has been well documented. It takes place where the local Elsasser number is about 1. A quantitative agreement with nonlinear numerical simulations is obtained when keeping the same Elsasser number. The experiments also reveal a region that violates Ferraro's law just above the inner sphere.
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Schmitt D, Nill S, Herfarth K, Münter M, Pfitzenmaier J, Zabel-du Bois A, Röder F, Huber P, Oelfke U. Intrafraction Organ Motion during Prostate Radiotherapy: Quantitative Correlation of Treatment Time and Margin Size. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.07.1741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Jansen F, Kwestro M, Schmitt D, Lugtenburg J. Synthesis and characterization of all-E (12,12′-13C2)-, (13,13′-13C2)-, (14,14′-13C2)-, (15,15′-13C2)- and (20,20′-13C2)astaxanthin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/recl.19941131205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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