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Mani SA, Chawla HS, Tewari A, Goyal A. Evaluation of calcium hydroxide and zinc oxide eugenol as root canal filling materials in primary teeth. ASDC JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY FOR CHILDREN 2000; 67:142-7, 83. [PMID: 10826052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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Chawla HS, Gauba K, Goyal A. Trend of dental caries in children of Chandigarh over the last sixteen years. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2000; 18:41-5. [PMID: 11324005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The trend of dental caries in Chandigarh school children over a sixteen year period, studied by almost the same authors and using the same recording criteria of WHO reveals a continuous decline in 12 and 15 year children but a slight increase in the dental caries status of 5-6 year children. In 1977, the mean DMFT of 12 and 15 year children was 3.88 and 4.74 respectively. In 1985, it decreased to 1.38 in 15 year olds (12 year children not recorded) and in 1993 it marginally decreased to 1.12 +/- 1.35, much lower than the figure of 3.88 in 1977. In 5-6 year children, mean dmft/dmfs of 2.69 +/- 1.45 and 6.06 +/- 9.77 was found to be slightly higher as compared to the earlier caries prevalence figures (deft + DMFT-2.6 in 1977 and 2.26 in 1985).
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Gupta K, Tewari A, Sahni A, Chawla HS, Gauba K. Remineralizing efficacy of a mineral enriched mouth rinse and fluoridated dentifrice on artificial carious lesions: an in vivo scanning electron microscopic study. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 1998; 16:67-71. [PMID: 10635128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This comparative investigation was carried out to evaluate the remineralization potential on early artificial carious lesions under Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) of a Mineral enriched mouthrinse and a fluoridated dentifrice using an in-vivo intra-oral removable appliance model. This findings revealed that the remineralization was found to have occurred in almost all the samples (in children) using non-fluoridated, fluoridated dentifrices as well as those using mineral enriched mouthrinse. However the qualitative analysis of the remineralization revealed that in case of non-fluoridated dentifrice group, the prismatic holes showed deposition of granular, variable sized particles with uneven distribution, while in fluoridated dentifrice group, deposits were found to have partially but more densely filled up the prism cores. In case of mineral enriched mouthrinse group these deposits were found to be in the form of amorphous globular precipitate.
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Chawla HS, Mani SA, Tewari A, Goyal A. Calcium hydroxide as a root canal filling material in primary teeth--a pilot study. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 1998; 16:90-2. [PMID: 10635131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A pilot study was carried out in five mandibular primary molars using calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) Paste as root canal filling material to find out an alternative to the routinely used zinc oxide eugenol (ZnOE), which is non-resorbable and causes deflection of succedaneous teeth. The six month clinical and radiographic follow-up carried out at 2 months interval, revealed that the treated teeth with Ca(OH)2 as root canal filling material were successful, showing no pain and tenderness to percussion. A tendency for decrease in size of radiolucency was seen. Two teeth showed complete healing of the periradicular radiolucency. Depletion of Ca(OH)2 paste was seen from the root canals even prior to physiological resorption of roots in 2 out of 5 treated teeth.
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Chawla HS. Scientific rationale and cost effectiveness of routine use of rubber dam in clinical practice. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 1998; 16:37-9. [PMID: 11813752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The rubber dam was first developed and put to use in the 19th century by S.C. Barnum. Since then, the use of the rubber dam in dentistry has become mandatory especially during root canal treatment. Various irrigation solutions which are used during root canal treatment have toxic effects on the soft tissues around the teeth. This can be prevented or minimized when rubber dam is put to use. Similarly for esthetic dentistry, optimum results are obtained if the working area is protected from contamination by saliva.
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Gauba K, Tewari A, Chawla HS. Role of trace elements Se and Li in drinking water on dental caries experience. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 1993; 11:15-9. [PMID: 8040693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
An epidemiological survey of dental caries using modified Moller's index (1966) carried out in 483 children (aged 7-17 years) of rural areas--Talwandi Kalan, Dhanansu and Bhatian (District Ludhiana) of Punjab with almost similar F levels in their drinking water supply, similar socio-economic status, environmental factors/demographic parameters and dietary habits revealed wide variations in the prevalence and severity of dental caries. Further investigation extended to evaluate the concentrations of various trace elements Se, Li, Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn in drinking water to find out the disparity of dental caries status, revealed that the higher figures of prevalence and severity of dental caries observed in Dhanansu and Bhatian as compared to Talwandi Kalan could be attributed to the presence of Se in drinking water supply of these areas which was not detectable in the water supply of Talwandi Kalan. On the contrary, the concentration of Li in water supply of Talwandi Kalan with low caries was found to be higher compared to that of Dhanansu and Bhatian with higher dental caries in children population.
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Chawla HS. Management of natal/neonatal/early infancy teeth. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 1993; 11:33-6. [PMID: 8040698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The natal, neonatal and early infancy teeth predominantly being of the normal series of primary dentition, the management should aim at preservation of these teeth for esthetics and maintenance of space for eruption of permanent successor. The treatment method should take into consideration (a) trauma to child's oral tissue or mother's breast (b) mobility and (c) danger of inhalation. Trauma was noted in 10 percent, mobility and danger of inhalation in 94 percent. Extraction carried out in 97 percent of 50 children with natal/neonatal/early infancy teeth showed that the neighbouring primary teeth tended to move into the extraction space. Eruption of the permanent successors to natal/neonatal teeth was not delayed, rather in some instances the eruption was found to be enhanced as compared to contralateral incisor as noted in unilaterally occurring natal/neonatal teeth. The mandibular anterior arch collapse was not permanent as the successors erupted uncrowded. The paper discusses the method and timing of extraction. From the immunological and hematological point of view the best time for extraction was calculated to be 7-25 days of birth.
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Malhotra A, Tewari A, Chawla HS, Gauba K, Dhall K. Placental transfer of fluoride in pregnant women consuming optimum fluoride in drinking water. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 1993; 11:1-3. [PMID: 8040692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The study was conducted on 25 healthy women residing in optimum fluoride areas, who were to deliver normally through vaginal route, to correlate the maternal and cord plasma fluoride levels and evaluate the placental transfer of fluoride. A wide variation was found in the maternal and cord plasma fluoride levels. In only 8 percent of the cases the fluoride levels in cord plasma were higher than maternal plasma. It was deduced that the placenta allows passive diffusion of fluoride from mother to foetus and does not act as a barrier.
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Sahoo PK, Tewari A, Chawla HS, Sachdev V. Interrelationship between sugar and dental caries--a study in child population of Orissa. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 1992; 10:37-44. [PMID: 1308249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
An epidemiological study on interrelationship between dental caries and sugar consumption conducted on 1265 children in the age of 5-15 years revealed a positive association of dental caries experience with total sugar exposures, between meal sugar exposures and at meal sugar exposures. As the total increased from 3 to 4 in a day, a corresponding jump of 1 deft+DMFT and 2 defs+DMFS was noted, which was clinically and statistically significant. It was deduced that total sugar exposures per day should be limited to 3, out of which two should be at meal time and one between meals.
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Chawla HS. AIDS and hepatitis--some facts and practical methods for prevention of infection in dental operatory. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 1992; 10:2p. [PMID: 1308244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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Chawla HS, Goodwin JA, Ticho BH, Feist RM. Orbital and sinus inflammation with secondary optic neuropathy. ANNALS OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 1991; 23:231-3. [PMID: 1746817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Optic neuropathy with simultaneous orbital and sinus inflammation is a diagnostic dilemma. Although sinus inflammation was described previously as causative in some cases of optic neuritis, the relatively high rate of asymptomatic sinus opacification in radiologic studies of the general population (as high as 13%) makes this a diagnosis of exclusion. We describe a patient who had optic neuropathy associated with simultaneous orbital and sinus inflammation. Although definitive determination of etiology may not be made without tissue biopsy, cases suspected of having a bacterial etiology may benefit from an initial 48-hour trial of intravenous antibiotics before initiation of systemic corticosteroids.
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Chawla HS. NaF iontophoresis, an alternative to cavity lining--an in vivo study. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 1991; 9:17-20. [PMID: 1820427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The study carried out on 30 teeth in 28 patients of 12-16 years to assess NaF iontophoresis as an alternative to cavity lining revealed that out of 25 cavities which were sensitive to air, water jet and exploration (14 mild, 9 moderate and 2 severe), in 20 cavities the sensitivity decreased to nil, in 9 to mild and in one to moderate following iontophoresis. It was found that in all the cases, the first application of iontophoresis decreased the sensitivity by 50-60 percent and the second by 70-90 percent. Immediately after silver filling there was no sensitivity in 25 teeth, whereas 4 were mildly and one moderately sensitive. After a six month follow up in 24 patients who reported, all the teeth were comfortable.
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Chawla HS. Apexification: follow-up after 6-12 years. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 1991; 8:38-40. [PMID: 2056346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Thirty 'apexified' immature permanent anterior teeth treated utilising Ca(OH)2 as root canal dressing assessed clinically and radiographically after greater than 6 less than or equal to 12 years revealed that in 15 teeth bridge remained the same; in 10 consolidated, while in 3 it decreased. Periapical radiolucency reappeared in one case, while in two it was questionable but clinically the teeth were comfortable; these cases were ones showing decrease in bridge consolidation: two teeth had been extracted during this observation period by some dentists because of complaint of discolouration.
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Sahoo PK, Tewari A, Chawla HS, Sachdev V. Intercomparison of prevalence and severity of dental caries using two recording systems. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 1991; 8:1-11. [PMID: 2056338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental caries was recorded using WHO index (1983) and Moller's index (1966) in 1265 children in the age group of 5, 8, 11 and 15 years to determine the conversion and correlation figures, so as to facilitate cross comparison and quick appraisal where either of the systems have been used in epidemiological studies. The results revealed that dental caries was recorded higher with Moller's index as compared to the WHO index; on an average the difference was fourteen percent in point prevalence, one deft + DMFT and one and a half defs + DMFS.
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Tewari A, Chawla HS, Utreja A. Comparative evaluation of the role of NaF, APF & Duraphat topical fluoride applications in the prevention of dental caries--a 2 1/2 years study. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 1991; 8:28-35. [PMID: 2056344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The study was conducted on 1251 6-12-year-old children, to evaluate the effect of topical application of NaF, APF and Duraphat given at six monthly interval assessed after 2.1/2 years revealed the percentage caries reduction with sodium fluoride to be in the range of 20-24 percent on base line teeth and 30-33 percent on teeth erupted during study, showing more effect on newly erupted teeth. In APF group, the caries reduction was 32-37 percent, in the DMFT and DMFS-slightly more on teeth erupted during study than on baseline teeth. The dental caries reduction with Duraphat (NaF varnish) was in the range of 70-75 percent-slightly more on newly erupted teeth. Equally high degree of efficacy was also noted on occlusal surfaces. Duraphat showed the greatest public health potential.
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Duggal MS, Chawla HS, Curzon ME. A study of the relationship between trace elements in saliva and dental caries in children. Arch Oral Biol 1991; 36:881-4. [PMID: 1768228 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9969(91)90118-e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
About 8 ml of saliva were collected from each of 272 children, living in rural areas in North India, equally distributed into age groups 4-7 and 12-16 yr and stratified into low, moderate and high caries groups. The salivas were analysed for Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and for F with a fluoride-sensitive electrode. The elements Cu and F had a consistent, inverse relationship with caries experience. The concentration of Zn, Fe and Mn in saliva did not have any consistent relationship with caries experience.
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Bhatia S, Chawla HS, Tewari A, Ganguly NK, Kumar KS. Relationship of naturally occurring serum immunoglobulins level with caries status. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 1989; 7:15-9. [PMID: 2640677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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Thaper R, Tewari A, Chawla HS, Sachdev V. Prevalence and severity of dental fluorosis in primary and permanent teeth at varying fluoride levels. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 1989; 7:38-45. [PMID: 2640682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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Chawla HS. Management of periapical rarefaction in non-vital permanent anterior tooth with Ca(OH)2 root canal dressing. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 1989; 7:28-32. [PMID: 2640680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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Schwartz DA, Jacquette M, Chawla HS. Disseminated neonatal aspergillosis: report of a fatal case and analysis of risk factors. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1988; 7:349-53. [PMID: 3288949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Sharma S, Tewari A, Chawla HS. Prevalence of dental caries in North-Eastern region of India. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 1988; 6:48-56. [PMID: 3271828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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Gupta A, Tewari A, Chawla HS. Relationship of dental caries and diet--an epidemiological study in Andhra Pradesh. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 1988; 6:1-11. [PMID: 3271821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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Chawla HS, Subba Reddy VV. A follow-up study of 25 cases of natal/neo-natal teeth. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 1988; 6:57-61. [PMID: 3271829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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Chawla HS. Today's Sword of Damocles--the debacle called AIDS. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 1988; 6:2 PP. [PMID: 3271823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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Chawla HS, Wenzel G. In vitro selection of barley and wheat for resistance against Helminthosporium sativum. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 1987; 74:841-845. [PMID: 24240349 DOI: 10.1007/bf00247566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/1987] [Accepted: 06/10/1987] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Calli derived from immature embryos of barley and wheat genotypes were screened for their resistance to purified culture filtrate produced by the fungus Helminthosporium sativum P.K. and B. Two selection methods were used: a continuous method in which four cycles of selection were performed one after another on toxic medium and a discontinuous method in which a pause on non-toxic medium was given after the second or third cycle of selection. The latter was superior as it allowed the calli to regain their regeneration ability. About 3,000 calli from two barley genotypes and 2,000 from two wheat genotypes were used for selection. The selection with the pathotoxins resulted in 6% to 17% surviving calli. Toxin tolerant callus lines of barley were characterised by protein isozymes. Zymograms showed one more isozyme than with the unselected sensitive callus. Barley and wheat plants have been regenerated from callus lines surviving the toxin treatment and in vivo testing against pathogen revealed that the majority of these plants were less sensitive.
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