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Iijima T, Kajitani R, Komata S, Lin CP, Sota T, Itoh T, Fujiwara H. Parallel evolution of Batesian mimicry supergene in two Papilio butterflies, P. polytes and P. memnon. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2018; 4:eaao5416. [PMID: 29675466 PMCID: PMC5906075 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aao5416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Batesian mimicry protects animals from predators when mimics resemble distasteful models. The female-limited Batesian mimicry in Papilio butterflies is controlled by a supergene locus switching mimetic and nonmimetic forms. In Papilio polytes, recent studies revealed that a highly diversified region (HDR) containing doublesex (dsx-HDR) constitutes the supergene with dimorphic alleles and is likely maintained by a chromosomal inversion. In the closely related Papilio memnon, which exhibits a similar mimicry polymorphism, we performed whole-genome sequence analyses in 11 butterflies, which revealed a nearly identical dsx-HDR containing three genes (dsx, Nach-like, and UXT) with dimorphic sequences strictly associated with the mimetic/nonmimetic phenotypes. In addition, expression of these genes, except that of Nach-like in female hind wings, showed differences correlated with phenotype. The dimorphic dsx-HDR in P. memnon is maintained without a chromosomal inversion, suggesting that a separate mechanism causes and maintains allelic divergence in these genes. More abundant accumulation of transposable elements and repetitive sequences in the dsx-HDR than in other genomic regions may contribute to the suppression of chromosomal recombination. Gene trees for Dsx, Nach-like, and UXT indicated that mimetic alleles evolved independently in the two Papilio species. These results suggest that the genomic region involving the above three genes has repeatedly diverged so that two allelic sequences of this region function as developmental switches for mimicry polymorphism in the two Papilio species. The supergene structures revealed here suggest that independent evolutionary processes with different genetic mechanisms have led to parallel evolution of similar female-limited polymorphisms underlying Batesian mimicry in Papilio butterflies.
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Ando T, Fujiwara H, Kojima T. The pivotal role of aristaless in development and evolution of diverse antennal morphologies in moths and butterflies. BMC Evol Biol 2018; 18:8. [PMID: 29370752 PMCID: PMC5785806 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-018-1124-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Antennae are multi-segmented appendages and main odor-sensing organs in insects. In Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies), antennal morphologies have diversified according to their ecological requirements. While diurnal butterflies have simple, rod-shaped antennae, nocturnal moths have antennae with protrusions or lateral branches on each antennal segment for high-sensitive pheromone detection. A previous study on the Bombyx mori (silk moth) antenna, forming two lateral branches per segment, during metamorphosis has revealed the dramatic change in expression of antennal patterning genes to segmentally reiterated, branch-associated pattern and abundant proliferation of cells contributing almost all the dorsal half of the lateral branch. Thus, localized cell proliferation possibly controlled by the branch-associated expression of antennal patterning genes is implicated in lateral branch formation. Yet, actual gene function in lateral branch formation in Bombyx mori and evolutionary mechanism of various antennal morphologies in Lepidoptera remain elusive. Results We investigated the function of several genes and signaling specifically in lateral branch formation in Bombyx mori by the electroporation-mediated incorporation of siRNAs or morpholino oligomers. Knock down of aristaless, a homeobox gene expressed specifically in the region of abundant cell proliferation within each antennal segment, during metamorphosis resulted in missing or substantial shortening of lateral branches, indicating its importance for lateral branch formation. aristaless expression during metamorphosis was lost by knock down of Distal-less and WNT signaling but derepressed by knock down of Notch signaling, suggesting the strict determination of the aristaless expression domain within each antennal segment by the combinatorial action of them. In addition, analyses of pupal aristaless expression in antennae with various morphologies of several lepidopteran species revealed that the aristaless expression pattern has a striking correlation with antennal shapes, whereas the segmentally reiterated expression pattern was observed irrespective of antennal morphologies. Conclusions Our results presented here indicate the significance of aristaless function in lateral branch formation in B. mori and imply that the diversification in the aristaless expression pattern within each antennal segment during metamorphosis is one of the significant determinants of antennal morphologies. According to these findings, we propose a mechanism underlying development and evolution of lepidopteran antennae with various morphologies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12862-018-1124-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Ida T, Fujiwara H, Matsubara S, Taniguchi Y, Kohyama A. Salpingectomy for tubal sterilization at cesarean section: no extra time and no extra bleeding compared with tubal ligation. CLIN EXP OBSTET GYN 2017. [DOI: 10.12891/ceog3696.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Nakamoto Y, Mikami R, Umeki M, Tokunaga Y, Okumoto T, Kawamura T, Fujiwara H, Doi S, Noda M, Tomita N. S-1/oxaliplatin (SOX) plus bevacizumab (Bev) as first line followed by S-1/irinotecan (IRIS) plus cetuximab (Cmab) as second line therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) (SOBIC trial). Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx659.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Fujiwara H, Shiozaki A, Konishi H, Kosuga T, Komatsu S, Ichikawa D, Okamoto K, Otsuji E. Perioperative outcomes of single-port mediastinoscope-assisted transhiatal esophagectomy for thoracic esophageal cancer. Dis Esophagus 2017; 30:1-8. [PMID: 28859387 DOI: 10.1093/dote/dox047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We developed an en bloc lymphadenectomy method in the upper mediastinum with a single-port mediastinoscopic cervical approach. This study was designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of single-port mediastinoscope-assisted transhiatal esophagectomy for thoracic esophageal cancer. The perioperative outcomes of 60 patients with thoracic esophageal cancer who underwent this operation between March 2014 and June 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. The upper mediastinal dissection including lymphadenectomy along the left recurrent laryngeal nerve, using a left cervical approach, was performed with a single-port mediastinoscopic technique, which was used to improve the visibility and handling in the deep mediastinum around the aortic arch. The lymphadenectomy along the right recurrent laryngeal nerve was performed under direct vision using a right cervical approach. Bilateral cervical approaches were followed by hand-assisted laparoscopic transhiatal esophagectomy with en bloc lymphadenectomy in the middle and lower mediastinum. Tumors were mainly located in the middle thoracic esophagus (n = 33), and most tumors were squamous cell carcinoma (n = 58). Pretreatment diagnoses were stage I, 19; II, 13; III, 24; IV, 4. Preoperative chemotherapy was performed for 40 patients. The median operation time and blood loss were 363 minutes and 235 mL, respectively. There were two patients who underwent conversion to thoracotomy. Perioperative complications were evaluated and graded according to the Clavien-Dindo (CD) and the Esophagectomy Complications Consensus Group (ECCG) classifications. Postoperatively, pneumonia was observed in four patients (CD, Grade II, 2; Grade IIIb, 2), although vocal cord palsy was more frequent (ECCG, Type I, 12; Type III, 8). The median number of thoracic lymph nodes resected was 21, and the R0 resection rate was 95%. Single-port mediastinoscope-assisted transhiatal esophagectomy is feasible, in terms of perioperative outcomes, for a radical surgery for thoracic esophageal cancer, although its safety needs to be further demonstrated.
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Snodgrass C, A'Hearn MF, Aceituno F, Afanasiev V, Bagnulo S, Bauer J, Bergond G, Besse S, Biver N, Bodewits D, Boehnhardt H, Bonev BP, Borisov G, Carry B, Casanova V, Cochran A, Conn BC, Davidsson B, Davies JK, de León J, de Mooij E, de Val-Borro M, Delacruz M, DiSanti MA, Drew JE, Duffard R, Edberg NJT, Faggi S, Feaga L, Fitzsimmons A, Fujiwara H, Gibb EL, Gillon M, Green SF, Guijarro A, Guilbert-Lepoutre A, Gutiérrez PJ, Hadamcik E, Hainaut O, Haque S, Hedrosa R, Hines D, Hopp U, Hoyo F, Hutsemékers D, Hyland M, Ivanova O, Jehin E, Jones GH, Keane JV, Kelley MSP, Kiselev N, Kleyna J, Kluge M, Knight MM, Kokotanekova R, Koschny D, Kramer EA, López-Moreno JJ, Lacerda P, Lara LM, Lasue J, Lehto HJ, Levasseur-Regourd AC, Licandro J, Lin ZY, Lister T, Lowry SC, Mainzer A, Manfroid J, Marchant J, McKay AJ, McNeill A, Meech KJ, Micheli M, Mohammed I, Monguió M, Moreno F, Muñoz O, Mumma MJ, Nikolov P, Opitom C, Ortiz JL, Paganini L, Pajuelo M, Pozuelos FJ, Protopapa S, Pursimo T, Rajkumar B, Ramanjooloo Y, Ramos E, Ries C, Riffeser A, Rosenbush V, Rousselot P, Ryan EL, Santos-Sanz P, Schleicher DG, Schmidt M, Schulz R, Sen AK, Somero A, Sota A, Stinson A, Sunshine JM, Thompson A, Tozzi GP, Tubiana C, Villanueva GL, Wang X, Wooden DH, Yagi M, Yang B, Zaprudin B, Zegmott TJ. The 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko observation campaign in support of the Rosetta mission. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2017; 375:rsta.2016.0249. [PMID: 28554971 PMCID: PMC5454223 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2016.0249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
We present a summary of the campaign of remote observations that supported the European Space Agency's Rosetta mission. Telescopes across the globe (and in space) followed comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko from before Rosetta's arrival until nearly the end of the mission in September 2016. These provided essential data for mission planning, large-scale context information for the coma and tails beyond the spacecraft and a way to directly compare 67P with other comets. The observations revealed 67P to be a relatively 'well-behaved' comet, typical of Jupiter family comets and with activity patterns that repeat from orbit to orbit. Comparison between this large collection of telescopic observations and the in situ results from Rosetta will allow us to better understand comet coma chemistry and structure. This work is just beginning as the mission ends-in this paper, we present a summary of the ground-based observations and early results, and point to many questions that will be addressed in future studies.This article is part of the themed issue 'Cometary science after Rosetta'.
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Matsuo K, Shimada M, Aoki Y, Sakamoto M, Fujiwara H, Takeshima N, Matsumoto T, Mikami M, Sugiyama T. Comparison of adjuvant therapy for node-positive, high-risk, early-stage cervical cancer: Systemic chemotherapy vs pelvic irradiation. Gynecol Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.03.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Kanamori J, Okada N, Fujiwara H, Mayanagi S, Fujita T, Nagino M, Daiko H. Leak grading and percutaneous transanastomotic drainage for the treatment of cervical anastomotic leakage after esophagectomy. Dis Esophagus 2017; 30:1-7. [DOI: 10.1093/dote/dow029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
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Kanazawa T, Fujiwara H, Takahashi H, Nishiyama Y, Hirose Y, Yoshida K, Sasaki H. P08.25 Imaging scoring system for preoperative diagnoses of molecular status in gliomas. Neuro Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox036.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Karam A, Ledermann J, Kim JW, Sehouli J, Lu K, Gourley C, Katsumata N, Burger R, Nam BH, Bacon M, Ng C, Pfisterer J, Bekkers R, Casado Herráez A, Redondo A, Fujiwara H, Gleeson N, Rosengarten O, Scambia G, Zhu J, Okamoto A, Stuart G, Ochiai K. Fifth Ovarian Cancer Consensus Conference of the Gynecologic Cancer InterGroup: first-line interventions. Ann Oncol 2017; 28:711-717. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Iguchi T, Hiraki T, Gobara H, Fujiwara H, Sakurai J, Matsui Y, Mitsuhashi T, Toyooka S, Kanazawa S. Radiofrequency ablation of pulmonary tumors near the diaphragm. Diagn Interv Imaging 2017; 98:535-541. [PMID: 28236589 DOI: 10.1016/j.diii.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Revised: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To retrospectively evaluate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of lung tumors located near the diaphragm. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 26 patients (15 men, 11 women; mean age, 61.5 years±13.0 [SD]) with a total of 29 lung tumors near the diaphragm (i.e., distance<10mm) were included. Mean tumor diameter was 11.0mm±5.3 (SD) (range, 2-23mm). Efficacy of RFA, number of adverse events and number of adverse events with a grade≥3, based on the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, version 4.0, were compared between patients with lung tumors near the diaphragm and a control group of patients with more distally located lung tumors (i.e., distance≥10mm). RESULTS RFA was technically feasible for all tumors near the diaphragm. Four grade 3 adverse events (1 pneumothorax requiring pleurodesis and 3 phrenic nerve injuries) were observed. No grade≥4 adverse events were reported. The median follow-up period for tumors near the diaphragm was 18.3 months. Local progression was observed 3.3 months after RFA in 1 tumor. The technique efficacy rates were 96.2% at 1 year and 96.2% at 2 years and were not different, from those observed in control subjects (186 tumors; P=0.839). Shoulder pain (P<0.001) and grade 1 pleural effusion (P<0.001) were more frequently observed in patients with lung tumor near the diaphragm. The rates of grade≥3 adverse events did not significantly differ between tumors near the diaphragm (4/26 sessions) and the controls (7/133 sessions) (P=0.083). CONCLUSION RFA is a feasible and effective therapeutic option for lung tumors located near the diaphragm. However, it conveys a higher rate of shoulder pain and asymptomatic pleural effusion by comparison with more distant lung tumors.
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Tomoyasu Y, Fujiwara H. Editorial overview: Development and regulation: The diverse traits that have facilitated the successful radiation of insects. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2017; 19:vi-ix. [PMID: 28521950 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
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Fujiwara H, Fuji S, Wake A, Kato K, Takatsuka Y, Fukuda T, Taguchi J, Uchida N, Miyamoto T, Hidaka M, Miyazaki Y, Tomoyose T, Onizuka M, Takanashi M, Ichinohe T, Atsuta Y, Utsunomiya A. Dismal outcome of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for relapsed adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, a Japanese nation-wide study. Bone Marrow Transplant 2017; 52:484-488. [DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2016.313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Kishi Y, Pointillart F, Lefeuvre B, Riobé F, Le Guennic B, Golhen S, Cador O, Maury O, Fujiwara H, Ouahab L. Isotopically enriched polymorphs of dysprosium single molecule magnets. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:3575-3578. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc00317j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The magnetic memory effect of mononuclear DyIII-based single molecule magnets can be tuned by playing with polymorphism as well as isotopic enrichment.
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Hirose K, Kikawada Y, Igarashi Y, Fujiwara H, Jugder D, Matsumoto Y, Oi T, Nomura M. Plutonium, 137Cs and uranium isotopes in Mongolian surface soils. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2017; 166:97-103. [PMID: 26830016 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2016.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Plutonium (238Pu and 239,240Pu), 137Cs and plutonium activity ratios (238Pu/239,240Pu) as did uranium isotope ratio (235U/238U) were measured in surface soil samples collected in southeast Mongolia. The 239,240Pu and 137Cs concentrations in Mongolian surface soils (<53 μm of particle size) ranged from 0.42 ± 0.03 to 3.53 ± 0.09 mBq g-1 and from 11.6 ± 0.7 to 102 ± 1 mBq g-1, respectively. The 238Pu/239,240Pu activity ratios in the surface soils (0.013-0.06) coincided with that of global fallout. The 235U/238U atom ratios in the surface soil show the natural one. There was a good correlation between the 239,240Pu and 137Cs concentrations in the surface soils. We introduce the migration depth to have better understanding of migration behaviors of anthropogenic radionuclides in surface soil. We found a difference of the migration behavior between 239,240Pu and 137Cs from 137Cs/239,240Pu - 137Cs plots for the Mongolian and Tsukuba surface soils; plutonium in surface soil is migrated easier than 137Cs.
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Ida T, Goto T, Motoi T, Nagai I, Matsubara S, Fujiwara H, Kohyama A. Surgical removal of an isolated femoral metastasis of uterine cervical squamous cell carcinoma: a case report and review of the literature. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2017; 38:122-125. [PMID: 29767879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A bone metastasis from uterine cervical cancer normally indicates short life expectancy. Resection of the lesion is therefore palliative. The authors consider herein whether surgical resection can promote disease control while improving quality of life. A 33-year-old woman -presenting FIGO Stage IB 1 uterine cervical squamous cell carcinoma underwent a radical hysterectomy and pelvic irradiation. Twenty-two-months later, a solitary femoral metastasis was detected. Given the pain, imminent bone fracture, the patient's relative youth, absence of other metastases, and complete control of the primary lesion, wide excision of the lesion, and reconstruction were performed. Sixteen months later, she was disease-free and ambulatory using a cane. The findings of both the present case and the review showed that patients were disease-free for over one year after surgery, suggesting that resection may assist disease control as well as improve patients' quality of life.
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Kabuto Y, Morihara T, Furukawa R, Kida Y, Sukenari T, Onishi O, Minami M, Arai Y, Fujiwara H, Kubo T. Arthroscopic decompression with indigo carmine for treating paralabral cysts in the shoulder. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2016; 102:1109-1111. [PMID: 27816608 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2016.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 07/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Paralabral cysts in the shoulder are a relatively rare pathology. It is sometimes difficult to detect the location of a paralabral cyst in the shoulder using arthroscopy, and it can be difficult to confirm sufficient decompression by arthroscopy. We describe the case of a 64-year-old woman who underwent arthroscopic decompression for a paralabral cyst in the shoulder. Indigo carmine was injected into the cyst under ultrasonography guidance just before the operation. The leakage point of indigo carmine was detected using arthroscopy. Arthroscopic decompression was performed until the indigo carmine was completely discharged. Her shoulder pain, limited range of motion, and muscle weakness during abduction and external rotation improved postoperatively. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed the disappearance of the cyst. Arthroscopic decompression using an ultrasonography-guided injection of indigo carmine is a useful treatment for a paralabral cyst in the shoulder.
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Iguchi T, Hiraki T, Tomita K, Gobara H, Fujiwara H, Sakurai J, Matsui Y, Kanazawa S. Simultaneous biopsy and radiofrequency ablation of T1a renal cell carcinoma. Diagn Interv Imaging 2016; 97:1159-1164. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diii.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2016] [Revised: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Fujiwara H, Nishikawa H. Functional analysis of genes involved in color pattern formation in Lepidoptera. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2016; 17:16-23. [PMID: 27720069 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2016.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In addition to the genome editing technology, novel functional analyses using electroporation are powerful tools to reveal the gene function in the color pattern formation. Using these methods, several genes involved in various larval color pattern formation are clarified in the silkworm Bombyx mori and some Papilio species. Furthermore, the coloration pattern mechanism underlying the longtime mystery of female-limited Batesian mimicry of Papilio polytes has been recently revealed. This review presents the recent progress on the molecular mechanisms and evolutionary process of coloration patterns contributing to various mimicry in Lepidoptera, especially focusing on the gene function in the silkworm and Papilio species.
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Sato S, Itamochi H, Oumi N, Oishi T, Shoji T, Fujiwara H, Suzuki M, Kigawa J, Harada T, Sugiyama T. Loss of ARID1A expression is associated with poor prognosis in patients with stage I/II clear cell carcinoma of the ovary. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw374.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Kojima KK, Seto Y, Fujiwara H. The Wide Distribution and Change of Target Specificity of R2 Non-LTR Retrotransposons in Animals. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0163496. [PMID: 27662593 PMCID: PMC5035012 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Transposons, or transposable elements, are the major components of genomes in most eukaryotes. Some groups of transposons have developed target specificity that limits the integration sites to a specific nonessential sequence or a genomic region to avoid gene disruption caused by insertion into an essential gene. R2 is one of the most intensively investigated groups of sequence-specific non-LTR retrotransposons and is inserted at a specific site inside of 28S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. R2 is known to be distributed among at least six animal phyla even though its occurrence is reported to be patchy. Here, in order to obtain a more detailed picture of the distribution of R2, we surveyed R2 using both in silico screening and degenerate PCR, particularly focusing on actinopterygian fish. We found two families of the R2C lineage from vertebrates, although it has previously only been found in platyhelminthes. We also revealed the apparent movement of insertion sites of a lineage of actinopterygian R2, which was likely concurrent with the acquisition of a 28S rRNA-derived sequence in their 3' UTR. Outside of actinopterygian fish, we revealed the maintenance of a single R2 lineage in birds; the co-existence of four lineages of R2 in the leafcutter bee Megachile rotundata; the first examples of R2 in Ctenophora, Mollusca, and Hemichordata; and two families of R2 showing no target specificity. These findings indicate that R2 is relatively stable and universal, while differences in the distribution and maintenance of R2 lineages probably reflect characteristics of some combination of both R2 lineages and host organisms.
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Komatsu S, Ichikawa D, Nishimura M, Kosuga T, Okamoto K, Konishi H, Shiozaki A, Fujiwara H, Otsuji E. Evaluation of prognostic value and stage migration effect using positive lymph node ratio in gastric cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol 2016; 43:203-209. [PMID: 27595506 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Revised: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS To detect the best cut-off value of the positive lymph node ratio (PLNR) for stratifying the prognosis and analyzing its value with regard to stage migration effect using PLNR in gastric cancer. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 1069 consecutive gastric cancer patients, who underwent curative gastrectomy with radical lymphadenectomy from 1997 through 2009. RESULTS 1) The mean number of dissected lymph nodes was 42.6 in pStage I, 32.4 in pStage II and 37.1 in pStage III. The PLNR of 0.2 was proved to be the best cut-off value to stratify the prognosis of patients into two groups (P < 0.0001; PLNR <0.2 vs. PLNR ≥0.2), and patients were correctly classified into four groups: PLNR 0, PLNR 0-<0.2, PLNR 0.2-<0.4 and PLNR ≥0.4 by the Kaplan-Meier method. 2) Compared patients with the PLNR <0.2, those with the PLNR ≥0.2 had a significantly higher incidence of pT3 or greater, pN2 or greater, lymphatic invasion, vascular invasion and undifferentiated cancer. Multivariate analysis showed that the PLNR ≥0.2 was an independent prognostic factor [P < 0.0001, HR 2.77 (95% CI: 1.87-4.09)]. 2) The PLNR cut-off value of 0.2 could discriminate a stage migration effect in pN2-N3 and pStage II-III, which patients with PLNR ≥0.2 might be potentially diagnosed as a lower stage after gastrectomy. CONCLUSION The PLNR contributes to evaluating prognosis and stage migration effect even in a single institute and enable to identify those who need meticulous treatments and follow-up in patients with gastric cancer.
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Fujiwara H, Makino T, Yonenobu K, Honda H, Kaito T. Correlations and time-dependent changes of upper arm performance tests, the Japanese Orthopaedic Association score, and a newly developed patient-based outcome measure : the Japanese Orthopaedic Cervical Myelopathy Questionnaire. Bone Joint J 2016; 98-B:990-6. [PMID: 27365479 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.98b7.37055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AIMS In this prospective observational study, we investigated the time-dependent changes and correlations of upper arm performance tests (ten-second test and Simple Test for Evaluating Hand Function (STEF), the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score, and the JOA Cervical Myelopathy Evaluation Questionnaire (JOACMEQ) in 31 patients with cervical myelopathy who had undergone surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS We hypothesised that all the indices correlate with each other, but show slightly different recovery patterns, and that the newly described JOACMEQ is a sensitive outcome measure. RESULTS Peak recoveries were achieved one month post-operatively in the ten-second test and JOACMEQ upper extremity function (UEF) subscale, and at three months in the JOA and STEF scores. The recoveries of all indices were maintained until six months post-operatively. The upper extremity function (UEF) subscale in the JOACMEQ showed the strongest correlation with STEF although all the indices correlated with each other. Patients with ≥ 20 and < 20 acquired points in the UEF subscale were classified into the UEF-improved and UEF-unimproved groups. Comparisons between the groups showed that pre-operative evaluation of "coordinated motion" of the STEF was significantly low in the UEF-unimproved group. CONCLUSION These results indicate that the JOACMEQ is a concise, sensitive, patient-based outcome measure for evaluating functional recovery in patients with cervical myelopathy who have undergone surgery. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:990-6.
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Kiuchi J, Komatsu S, Ichikawa D, Aratani K, Konishi H, Shiozaki A, Fujiwara H, Okamoto K, Tsuda H, Otsuji E. Overexpression of CTEN relates to malignant outcome in adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction. Eur J Cancer 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)61213-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Matsubara S, Takahashi H, Horie K, Lefor AK, Fujiwara H. Caesarean hysterectomy for placenta accreta: paracervix should be divided sequentially, not en masse. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2016; 201:227-8. [PMID: 27129744 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2016.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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