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Tolosa A, Escriva A, Ros J, Garcia A, Fernandez M, Sayas M, Andreu R, Ribas P, Cejalvo M, Ferrer S. PO39 Long-term survival after histologic transformation from high grade B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma to low grade follicular lymphoma and Hodgkin's disease in the same patient. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s1040-8428(12)70052-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Casas F, Oteo JA, Ros J. Unitary transformations depending on a small parameter. Proc Math Phys Eng Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2011.0388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We formulate a unitary perturbation theory for quantum mechanics inspired by the Lie-Deprit formulation of canonical transformations. The original Hamiltonian is converted into a solvable one by a transformation obtained through a Magnus expansion. This ensures unitarity at every order in a small parameter. A comparison with the standard perturbation theory is provided. We work out the scheme up to order ten with some simple examples.
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Iglesias E, Antón J, Ricart S, Ros J, Torrente V, Bou R, González MA, Vicente A. Juvenile dermatomyositis: clinical and laboratory charateristics of 18 patients. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2011. [PMCID: PMC3194709 DOI: 10.1186/1546-0096-9-s1-p50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Iglesias E, Antón J, Ricart S, Ros J, Torrente V, Bou R, González MA, Vicente A. Juvenile localized scleroderma: review of 44 patients. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2011. [PMCID: PMC3194736 DOI: 10.1186/1546-0096-9-s1-p75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
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Fernández-Varo G, Melgar-Lesmes P, Casals G, Pauta M, Arroyo V, Morales-Ruiz M, Ros J, Jiménez W. Inactivation of extrahepatic vascular Akt improves systemic hemodynamics and sodium excretion in cirrhotic rats. J Hepatol 2010; 53:1041-8. [PMID: 20800923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2010.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2009] [Revised: 05/06/2010] [Accepted: 05/31/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Increased activity of the vascular Akt/eNOS signaling pathway is involved in the hemodynamic and renal complications developed by patients and rats with cirrhosis and ascites. This occurs in the setting of impaired Akt/eNOS activity within the cirrhotic liver. Here we assessed the feasibility of selectively inhibiting vascular eNOS without further impairing the intrahepatic activity of this enzyme. Ultimately, we sought to determine whether endothelial transduction of a constitutively inactive mutant of Akt (AA-Akt) improves circulatory function and sodium excretion in cirrhotic rats with ascites. METHODS First, we administered recombinant adenoviruses that encode the β-galactosidase gene (β-gal) to 5 control rats and 5 cirrhotic rats with ascites and analyzed their tissue distribution by chemiluminescence. Next, urine samples were obtained from 18 cirrhotic rats with ascites and then the animal randomly received saline or adenoviruses containing the β-gal or the AA-Akt genes. Following a 24-h urine collection period, hemodynamic studies were performed and tissue samples were obtained to analyze Akt and eNOS expressions. RESULTS No β-gal activity was detected in the liver of cirrhotic rats compared to that of controls. This was paralleled by increased β-gal activity in other territories such as the thoracic aorta. AA-Akt transduction improved systemic hemodynamics, splanchnic perfusion pressure and renal excretory function in comparison with cirrhotic rats transduced with β-gal adenoviruses or receiving saline. Moreover, the AA-Akt transgene did not modify portal pressure. CONCLUSIONS Inactivation of extrahepatic vascular Akt and the concomitant decrease in nitric oxide expression ameliorate systemic hemodynamics and renal excretory function in experimental cirrhosis.
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Modesto C, Antón J, Rodriguez B, Bou R, Arnal C, Ros J, Tena X, Rodrigo C, Rotés I, Hermosilla E, Barceló P. Incidence and prevalence of juvenile idiopathic arthritis in Catalonia (Spain). Scand J Rheumatol 2010; 39:472-9. [PMID: 20858139 DOI: 10.3109/03009741003742722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To ascertain the incidence and prevalence of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) in Catalonia (autonomous region in northeast Spain), examined according to the currently established disease subtypes. METHODS Before initiating the study, we conducted an educational programme on paediatric rheumatology, addressed to all general paediatricians in Catalonia. A 2-year (2004-2006), prospective, population-based study was then carried out to determine the incidence of JIA. Prospective and retrospective data retrieval was performed to calculate prevalence. The International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR, Edmonton revision) classification criteria were applied. RESULTS Over the study period, 145 new cases of JIA were diagnosed. The mean annual incidence was 6.9/10⁵ children aged less than 16 years (range 5.8-8.1 years; 9.0 years for girls and 4.8 years for boys). On separate analysis of patients ≤ 6 and > 6 years, the distribution in younger children was found to be similar for both girls and boys, whereas in older children, most girls belonged to the oligoarthritis and polyarthritis subgroups, and boys to the enthesitis-related arthritis and undifferentiated subgroups. The calculated prevalence of JIA (31 October 2006) was 39.7 (36.1-43.7)/10⁵ children younger than 16. The relative risk of girls having JIA was 2.1 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.7-2.7, p < 0.001]. In 70% of patients, the diagnosis was established before the age of 7. Subgroup distribution of prevalent cases mirrored that of incident cases. CONCLUSION This is the first population-based study on the epidemiology of JIA in Catalonia. Incidence and prevalence rates are lower than those reported for several areas in Nordic countries of Europe. Oligoarthritis was the most common subtype.
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Elmer J, Pallin D, Liu S, Pearson C, Chang Y, Greenberg S, Ros J, Goldstein J. 23: Prolonged Emergency Department Length of Stay Is Not Associated With Worse Neurologic Outcomes In Patients With Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Ann Emerg Med 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2010.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Streefkerk J, Gijsberts S, Ros J, Rommes J, Spronk P. Amphotericin B used as a continuous infusion is safer. Crit Care 2010. [PMCID: PMC2934393 DOI: 10.1186/cc8303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
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Oroviogoicoechea C, Orecilla E, Rocamador C, Ros J. 4243 Descriptive analysis of adverse drug events registered in a computerised information system. EJC Suppl 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(09)70860-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Marín-Valencia I, Antón J, Ros J, Cols M. Severe generalized oedema with haemodynamic instability in a previously healthy patient (Case Presentation). Acta Paediatr 2009; 98:420, 600-1. [PMID: 19183358 DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2008.00928.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Melgar-Lesmes P, Tugues S, Ros J, Fernández-Varo G, Morales-Ruiz M, Rodés J, Jiménez W. Vascular endothelial growth factor and angiopoietin-2 play a major role in the pathogenesis of vascular leakage in cirrhotic rats. Gut 2009; 58:285-92. [PMID: 18978178 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2008.155028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The extent and molecular mechanisms governing plasma extravasation and formation of ascites in cirrhosis are unknown. Vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) and angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) are endogenous substances with powerful vascular permeability effects. We assessed regional blood flow, vascular leakage, mRNA and tissular expression of VEGF-A and Ang-2 and vascular permeability following VEGF receptor 2 blockade in control and cirrhotic rats to define the vascular territories showing altered vascular permeability in cirrhosis and to determine whether VEGF-A and Ang-2 are involved in this phenomenon. METHODS Arterial blood flow was analysed with the coloured microsphere method. Vascular leakage was measured and visualised with the dye Evan's Blue and colloidal carbon techniques, respectively. VEGF-A and Ang-2 expression were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunohistochemistry and western blot. The effect on vascular permeability induced by VEGFR(2) blockade was assessed by administration of the receptor inhibitor SU11248. RESULTS Arterial blood flow was increased in the mesentery, pancreas and small intestine but not in the kidney and spleen of cirrhotic rats as compared to controls. Increased vascular leakage was observed in the mesentery and liver, where colloidal carbon spread from microvessels to the adjacent fibrotic tracts. Increased hepatic and mesenteric expression of VEGF-A and Ang-2 was found in cirrhotic rats as compared to controls. Blockade of VEGFR(2) markedly reduced hepatic and mesenteric vascular leakage in cirrhotic rats. CONCLUSIONS Enhanced endothelial permeability is restricted to the hepatic and mesenteric vascular beds in cirrhotic rats with ascites and VEGF-A and Ang-2 are key factors in the signalling pathways regulating this dysfunction.
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Ricart S, Anton J, del Rio M, Ros J. Treatment of osteogenesis imperfecta with intravenous pamidronate in pediatric patients: comparison between a single-day infusion twice a year protocol with other regimens described in the literature. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2008. [PMCID: PMC3333930 DOI: 10.1186/1546-0096-6-s1-p133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Ricart S, Anton J, del Rio M, Ros J. Treatment of the low bone mineral density with intravenous pamidronate in pediatric patients: review of a protocol of a single-day infusion twice a year. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2008. [PMCID: PMC3333929 DOI: 10.1186/1546-0096-6-s1-p132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Guardiola R, Solis MA, Ros J. Strong-coupling expansion for the anharomonic oscillators −d2/dx 2+x 2+λx 2N. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02723178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Oteo JA, Ros J. Double precision errors in the logistic map: statistical study and dynamical interpretation. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2007; 76:036214. [PMID: 17930330 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.76.036214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The nature of the round-off errors that occur in the usual double precision computation of the logistic map is studied in detail. Different iterative regimes from the whole panoply of behaviors exhibited in the bifurcation diagram are examined, histograms of errors in trajectories given, and for the case of fully developed chaos an explicit formula is found. It is shown that the statistics of the largest double precision error as a function of the map parameter is characterized by jumps whose location is determined by certain boundary crossings in the bifurcation diagram. Both jumps and locations seem to present geometric convergence characterized by the two first Feigenbaum constants. Eventually, a comparison with Benford's law for the distribution of the leading digit of compilation of numbers is discussed.
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Chornet-Lurbe A, Oteo JA, Ros J. Statistical geometric affinity in human brain electric activity. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2007; 75:051918. [PMID: 17677109 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.75.051918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2006] [Revised: 11/29/2006] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The representation of the human electroencephalogram (EEG) records by neurophysiologists demands standardized time-amplitude scales for their correct conventional interpretation. In a suite of graphical experiments involving scaling affine transformations we have been able to convert electroencephalogram samples corresponding to any particular sleep phase and relaxed wakefulness into each other. We propound a statistical explanation for that finding in terms of data collapse. As a sequel, we determine characteristic time and amplitude scales and outline a possible physical interpretation. An analysis for characteristic times based on lacunarity is also carried out as well as a study of the synchrony between left and right EEG channels.
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Grjebine T, Lalou C, Ros J, Capitant M. STUDY OF MAGNETIC SPHERULES IN THREE CORES OF THE OCCIDENTAL BASIN OF THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1965.tb47431.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Domenicali M, Ros J, Fernández-Varo G, Cejudo-Martín P, Crespo M, Morales-Ruiz M, Briones AM, Campistol JM, Arroyo V, Vila E, Rodés J, Jiménez W. Increased anandamide induced relaxation in mesenteric arteries of cirrhotic rats: role of cannabinoid and vanilloid receptors. Gut 2005; 54:522-7. [PMID: 15753538 PMCID: PMC1774428 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2004.051599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Anandamide is an endocannabinoid that evokes hypotension by interaction with peripheral cannabinoid CB1 receptors and with the perivascular transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 protein (TRPV1). As anandamide has been implicated in the vasodilated state in advanced cirrhosis, the study investigated whether the mesenteric bed from cirrhotic rats has an altered and selective vasodilator response to anandamide. METHODS We assessed vascular sensitivity to anandamide, mRNA and protein expression of cannabinoid CB1 receptor and TRPV1 receptor, and the topographical distribution of cannabinoid CB1 receptors in resistance mesenteric arteries of cirrhotic and control rats. RESULTS Mesenteric vessels of cirrhotic animals displayed greater sensitivity to anandamide than control vessels. This vasodilator response was reverted by CB1 or TRPV1 receptor blockade, but not after endothelium denudation or nitric oxide inhibition. Anandamide had no effect on distal femoral arteries. CB1 and TRPV1 receptor protein was higher in cirrhotic than in control vessels. Neither CB1 mRNA nor protein was detected in femoral arteries. Immunochemistry showed that CB1 receptors were mainly in the adventitia and in the endothelial monolayer, with higher expression observed in vessels of cirrhotic rats than in controls. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that anandamide is a selective splanchnic vasodilator in cirrhosis which predominantly acts via interaction with two different types of receptors, CB1 and TRPV1 receptors, which are mainly located in perivascular sensory nerve terminals of the mesenteric resistance arteries of these animals.
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Encarnacion EDL, Pons J, Ros J, Torres MR. Crystal structure of two isomers of dichloro(η6-1-isopropyl-4-methyl-1,3- cyclohexadiene)(diphenylphosphinophenylethyne)ruthenium(II), RuCl2(C10H14)[(C6H5)2CC(C6H5)]. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2002. [DOI: 10.1524/ncrs.2002.217.1.375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Chornet-Lurbe A, Oteo JA, Ros J. [Characteristic times in sleep-waking electroencephalograms]. Rev Neurol 2002; 35:415-9. [PMID: 12373671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS EEG signals emerge from the collective behaviour of large neuronal aggregates and betrays the information processed by neocortex. This electrophysiological collective activity varies with the brain function. Thus, one can ask whether there exists any indication of that neuronal activity in the EEG record. In this work this question is considered in the particular case of sleep/awake EEG s. To this aim, the concept of lacunarity is proposed as a tool to analyse the texture of the EEG samples. From the resulting lacunarity profiles an index is defined which represents a characteristic time of each phase. PATIENTS AND METHODS The samples analysed corresponds to 30 seconds epochs from polysomnographic night records. Essential details for the computation of lacunarity patterns and the propounded index are given. The mean values of characteristic times (in seconds) are: 0.43 (phase I); 0.73 (phase II); 1.12 (phase III/IV); 0.65 (REM); 0.12 (relaxed wakefulness). RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS With this criterium, the awake state is clearly distinguished from phase I and REM sleep, whereas REM sleep comes out to be similar to phase II. Finally, statistical analysis of results suggests the possibility to interpret this index as a complementary tool for reading polysomnographies as well as its application to different physiological or pathological situations of EEG records.
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Gaete W, Ros J, Solans X, Font-Altaba M, Brianso JL. Synthesis and crystal and molecular structure of cyclo-tetrakis[bis(.mu.-N-methylpiperidine-4-thiolato)nickel(II)]. Inorg Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ic00169a010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ros J, Pecinska N, Alessandri B, Landolt H, Fillenz M. Lactate reduces glutamate-induced neurotoxicity in rat cortex. J Neurosci Res 2001; 66:790-4. [PMID: 11746403 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.10043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Experiments were carried out to test the hypothesis that lactate reduces the neurotoxicity of glutamate in vivo. MAP2 immunohistochemistry was used to measure lesion size, and microdialysis to measure the changes in glucose and lactate in the extracellular compartment. After implantation of a microdialysis probe 100 mM glutamate with or without 6 mM lactate was added to the perfusion medium and infused into the cortex of unanesthetized rats. Infusion of 100 mM glutamate for a period of 30 min produced a lesion of 6.05 +/- 0.64 mm(3), an increase in lactate of 124 +/- 19% above basal and a 21 +/- 9% reduction of glucose below basal level. When 6mM L-lactate was perfused together with 100 mM glutamate there was a significant reduction in the size of the lesion and there was no reduction in dialysate glucose. When L-lactate was replaced with D-lactate the lesion size and the increase in dialysate lactate were greater than after glutamate alone. The neuroprotective role of L-lactate is attributed to its ability to meet the increased energy demands of neurones exposed to high concentrations of glutamate.
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Cejudo-Martín P, Ros J, Navasa M, Fernández J, Fernández-Varo G, Ruiz-del-Arbol L, Rivera F, Arroyo V, Rodés J, Jiménez W. Increased production of vascular endothelial growth factor in peritoneal macrophages of cirrhotic patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Hepatology 2001; 34:487-93. [PMID: 11526533 DOI: 10.1053/jhep.2001.27093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a common complication of cirrhotic patients with ascites that usually results in renal failure and death despite the efficacy of the current antibiotic therapy. The pathogenesis of these phenomena is poorly known but it has been related to the production of vasoactive cell mediators locally acting on the splanchnic vasculature. Because previous studies showed that peritoneal macrophages of cirrhotic patients may produce high quantities of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a powerful vessel permeabilizing agent, when stimulated by cytokines and bacterial lipopolysaccharide, the present study was aimed to seek whether peritoneal macrophages of SBP patients are induced to produce increased amounts of VEGF. Our results indicate that the production rate and the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression of this substance are increased in macrophages of patients with SBP in comparison with those of noninfected cirrhotic patients. This characteristic feature is absent in circulating monocytes of these patients. Moreover, enhanced endothelial cell proliferation induced by conditioned medium of macrophages isolated from the ascites of patients with SBP is abolished by anti-VEGF antibody, and peritoneal tissue of cirrhotic patients expresses both VEGF receptors, Flt-1 and KDR. These results, therefore, are consistent with the concept that locally released macrophage-derived VEGF may result in increased vascular permeability and plasma leakage in the peritoneal vessels of cirrhotic patients with SBP.
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Mendelowitsch A, Ritz MF, Ros J, Langemann H, Gratzl O. 17beta-Estradiol reduces cortical lesion size in the glutamate excitotoxicity model by enhancing extracellular lactate: a new neuroprotective pathway. Brain Res 2001; 901:230-6. [PMID: 11368971 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-8993(01)02359-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Estrogens play an important role in neuronal function and in protecting neurones in the cerebral cortex against pathological conditions. An in vivo model of glutamate excitotoxicity in which glutamate is applied to the cortex of rats through a microdialysis probe has been used to investigate the neuroprotective processes initiated by 17beta-estradiol. Rats were pre-treated with 17beta-estradiol (i.v.) before local application of 100 mM glutamate into the cortex through a microdialysis probe. Pre-treatment with 17beta-estradiol significantly reduced the size of the glutamate-induced cortical lesion. In the cortical microdialysates collected from the probe, a peak of lactate was observed immediately after glutamate application. After 17beta-estradiol pre-treatment this peak of lactate was significantly higher with estradiol than without 120 min after glutamate application, reaching 700% basal level at the end of measurement. The level of extracellular glucose was markedly decreased with and without 17beta-estradiol pre-treatment. Local blockage of neuronal lactate transporters with alpha-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate (4-CIN) completely abolished the neuroprotective effect of 17beta-estradiol and induced a larger cortical lesion. An accumulation of extracellular lactate was observed after inhibition of the lactate transporters suggesting that transport of lactate into neurones is necessary for the neuroprotective effect of 17beta-estradiol. The anti-estrogen tamoxifen also abolished the neuroprotective effect of 17beta-estradiol on the lesion size and inhibited the production of lactate. These results suggest a new neuroprotective mechanism of 17beta-estradiol by activating glutamate-stimulated lactate production, which is estrogen receptor-dependent.
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González E, Pavía C, Ros J, Villaronga M, Valls C, Escolá J. Efficacy of low dose schedule pamidronate infusion in children with osteogenesis imperfecta. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2001; 14:529-33. [PMID: 11393574 DOI: 10.1515/jpem.2001.14.5.529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a rare condition in which bones are abnormally brittle with frequent fractures. A variety of therapeutic agents has been used with low efficacy. In this study, we present three patients treated for 4 years with i.v. pamidronate. PATIENTS AND METHODS Three prepubertal patients, aged 9 (M), 9 (F) and 11 (F) years old, with OI, were treated with 30-60 mg i.v. pamidronate every 6 months over four years. Determinations were made of plasma 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, 25-hydroxycholecalciferol, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and its transport protein (IGFBP3), osteocalcin, total alkaline phosphatase and its osseous fraction, and parathormone (PTH) at baseline and after every pamidronate infusion, Densitometry and X-ray of the vertebral column were performed at the same intervals. RESULTS Significant reductions of number of bone fractures and pain were observed in all patients, despite lack of any modification in biochemical parameters. Lumbar X-ray and densitometry showed a striking improvement by the end of the treatment period. CONCLUSION Pamidronate seems to be useful in the treatment of patients with osteogenesis imperfecta.
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