51
|
Adamczyk L, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Alford J, Anson CD, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer E, Averichev GS, Balewski J, Banerjee A, Barnovska Z, Beavis DR, Bellwied R, Betancourt MJ, Betts RR, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhattarai P, Bichsel H, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Borowski W, Bouchet J, Brandin AV, Brovko SG, Bruna E, Bültmann S, Bunzarov I, Burton TP, Butterworth J, Cai XZ, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Cendejas R, Cervantes MC, Chaloupka P, Chang Z, Chattopadhyay S, Chen HF, Chen JH, Chen JY, Chen L, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chikanian A, Christie W, Chung P, Chwastowski J, Codrington MJM, Corliss R, Cramer JG, Crawford HJ, Cui X, Das S, Davila Leyva A, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derradi de Souza R, Dhamija S, di Ruzza B, Didenko L, Ding F, Dion A, Djawotho P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Elnimr M, Engelage J, Eppley G, Eun L, Evdokimov O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Fedorisin J, Fersch RG, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Flores E, Gagliardi CA, Gangadharan DR, Garand D, Geurts F, Gibson A, Gliske S, Grebenyuk OG, Grosnick D, Gupta A, Gupta S, Guryn W, Haag B, Hajkova O, Hamed A, Han LX, Harris JW, Hays-Wehle JP, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Hofman DJ, Horvat S, Huang B, Huang HZ, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jena C, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kang K, Kapitan J, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kesich A, Kikola DP, Kiryluk J, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Klein SR, Koetke DD, Kollegger T, Konzer J, Koralt I, Korsch W, Kotchenda L, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulakov I, Kumar L, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Landry KD, LaPointe S, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Leight W, LeVine MJ, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li X, Li Y, Li ZM, Lima LM, Lisa MA, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Longacre RS, Lu Y, Luo X, Luszczak A, Ma GL, Ma YG, Madagodagettige Don DMMD, Mahapatra DP, Majka R, Margetis S, Markert C, Masui H, Matis HS, McDonald D, McShane TS, Mioduszewski S, Mitrovski MK, Mohammed Y, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Munhoz MG, Mustafa MK, Naglis M, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nelson JM, Nogach LV, Novak J, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Ohlson A, Okorokov V, Oldag EW, Oliveira RAN, Olson D, Pachr M, Page BS, Pal SK, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlak T, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Peryt W, Pile P, Planinic M, Pluta J, Poljak N, Porter J, Poskanzer AM, Powell CB, Pruneau C, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Pujahari PR, Putschke J, Qiu H, Ramachandran S, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Ray RL, Riley CK, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ross JF, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandacz A, Sandweiss J, Sangaline E, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke B, Schmitz N, Schuster TR, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shao M, Sharma B, Sharma M, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Singaraju RN, Skoby MJ, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Solanki D, Sorensen P, deSouza UG, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stevens JR, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Suaide AAP, Suarez MC, Sumbera M, Sun XM, Sun Y, Sun Z, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Symons TJM, Szanto de Toledo A, Takahashi J, Tang AH, Tang Z, Tarini LH, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Tian J, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Turnau J, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vanfossen JA, Varma R, Vasconcelos GMS, Videbæk F, Viyogi YP, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Vossen A, Wada M, Wang F, Wang G, Wang H, Wang JS, Wang Q, Wang XL, Wang Y, Webb G, Webb JC, Westfall GD, Whitten C, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu YF, Xiao Z, Xie W, Xin K, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu W, Xu Y, Xu Z, Xue L, Yang Y, Yang Y, Yepes P, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Zawisza M, Zbroszczyk H, Zhang JB, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang ZP, Zhao F, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhu X, Zhu YH, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zyzak M. Observation of an energy-dependent difference in elliptic flow between particles and antiparticles in relativistic heavy ion collisions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 110:142301. [PMID: 25166982 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.142301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Elliptic flow (v(2)) values for identified particles at midrapidity in Au + Au collisions, measured by the STAR experiment in the beam energy scan at RHIC at sqrt[s(NN)] = 7.7-62.4 GeV, are presented. A beam-energy-dependent difference of the values of v(2) between particles and corresponding antiparticles was observed. The difference increases with decreasing beam energy and is larger for baryons compared to mesons. This implies that, at lower energies, particles and antiparticles are not consistent with the universal number-of-constituent-quark scaling of v(2) that was observed at sqrt[s(NN)] = 200 GeV.
Collapse
|
52
|
Butterworth J, Cross T, Butterworth W, Mousa P, Thomas S. Transmesenteric hernia: A rare cause of bowel ischaemia in adults. Int J Surg Case Rep 2013; 4:568-70. [PMID: 23685474 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2013.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2012] [Revised: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Transmesenteric herniae are a rare cause of bowel ischaemia in adults with few reported cases in published literature. PRESENTATION OF CASE We report a rare case of a 26-year-old female with spontaneous transmesenteric hernia of jejunum and proximal ileum due to a congenital mesenteric defect resulting in bowel gangrene, presenting initially with no haemodynamic or biochemical abnormalities. The hernia was reduced, small bowel resected and primary side to side anastomosis performed, following which the patient made a good recovery and was discharged 5 days later. DISCUSSION The insidious onset of transmesenteric herniae and lack of specific radiological or laboratory investigations reaffirms the importance of surgeons maintaining a high index of suspicion for this critical surgical emergency. CONCLUSION Close monitoring of the patient's general condition in cases of non-specific abdominal pain is essential to identify the rare deteriorating patient for early surgical intervention and optimal outcome.
Collapse
|
53
|
Meng W, Butterworth J, Bradley DT, Hughes AE, Soler V, Calvas P, Malecaze F. A genome-wide association study provides evidence for association of chromosome 8p23 (MYP10) and 10q21.1 (MYP15) with high myopia in the French Population. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2012; 53:7983-8. [PMID: 23049088 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.12-10409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Myopia is a complex trait affected by both genetic and environmental factors. High myopia is associated with increased risk of sight threatening eye disorders such as retinal detachment. The purpose of this genome-wide association study was to identify susceptibility genes contributing to high myopia in the French population. METHODS High myopic cases were genotyped using Affymetrix SNP 6.0 chips and population controls were selected from the GABRIEL French dataset, in which samples were genotyped by Illumina Human610 quad array. The association study was conducted using 152,234 single nucleotide polymorphisms that were present on both manufacturers' chips in 192 high myopic cases and 1064 controls to identify associated regions. Imputation was performed on peak regions. RESULTS Associations were found at known myopia locus MYP10 on chromosome 8p23 and MYP15 on chromosome 10q21.1. Rs189798 (8p23), and rs10825992 (10q21.1) showed the strongest associations in these regions (P = 6.32 × 10(-7) and P = 2.17 × 10(-5), respectively). The imputed results at 8p23 showed two peaks of interest. The first spanned 30 kb including rs189798 between MIR4660 and PPP1R3B with the most significant association at rs17155227 (P = 1.07 × 10(-10)). The second novel peak was 4 kb in length, encompassing MIR124-1 and the MSRA gene, with the strongest association at rs55864141 (P = 1.30 × 10(-7)). The peak of imputed data at 10q21.1 was 70 kb in length between ZWINT and MIR3924, with rs3107503 having the lowest P value (P = 1.54 × 10(-7)). CONCLUSIONS We provide evidence for the association of MYP10 at 8p23 and MYP15 at 10p21.1 with high myopia in the French population and refine these regions of association.
Collapse
|
54
|
Massoudi D, Malecaze F, Soler V, Butterworth J, Erraud A, Fournié P, Koch M, Galiacy SD. NC1 long and NC3 short splice variants of type XII collagen are overexpressed during corneal scarring. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2012; 53:7246-56. [PMID: 22969073 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.11-8592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate type XII collagen expression in corneal scars in vivo. METHODS Type XII collagen protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in human corneal scars and in a mouse model of corneal scarring at several time points (from day 7 to day 210) after full-thickness excision. Alternative splice variants of the NC3 and NC1 domains of type XII collagen were investigated in the mouse wound-healing model using RT-PCR. RESULTS Type XII collagen was overexpressed in human corneal scars in areas that were also positive for alpha-smooth muscle actin staining. In a mouse model of corneal wound injury we found that at 14 and 21 days postexcision, type XII collagen was largely concentrated in the subepithelial region of the cornea, especially in and near the wound bed. By 28 days postexcision, expression of type XII collagen decreased but remained higher than that in controls. NC3 short form is the main form expressed in the cornea during the wound-healing process. After injury, the NC1 long splice variant mRNA was the most highly overexpressed variant in the cornea, especially in the epithelium (×2.7, 3.72, and 5.57 at days 7, 14, and 21, respectively, P < 0.01 to 0.001 compared with uninjured samples). Corneal scars from a 7-month-old mouse revealed an overexpression of type XII collagen in the wound area similar to what we observed in human corneal scars. CONCLUSIONS Type XII collagen is overexpressed in permanent human and mouse corneal scars and could represent a new target to treat corneal scarring.
Collapse
|
55
|
Adamczyk L, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alakhverdyants AV, Alekseev I, Alford J, Anderson BD, Anson CD, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer E, Averichev GS, Balewski J, Bannerjee A, Barnovska Z, Beavis DR, Bellwied R, Betancourt MJ, Betts RR, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bichsel H, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bordyuzhin IG, Borowski W, Bouchet J, Brandin AV, Brovko SG, Bruna E, Bueltmann S, Bunzarov I, Burton TP, Butterworth J, Cai XZ, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Cendejas R, Cervantes MC, Chaloupka P, Chattopadhyay S, Chen HF, Chen JH, Chen JY, Chen L, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chikanian A, Christie W, Chung P, Chwastowski J, Codrington MJM, Corliss R, Cramer JG, Crawford HJ, Cui X, Davila Leyva A, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derradi de Souza R, Dhamija S, Didenko L, Ding F, Dion A, Djawotho P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Elnimr M, Engelage J, Eppley G, Eun L, Evdokimov O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Fedorisin J, Fersch RG, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Gagliardi CA, Gangadharan DR, Geurts F, Gliske S, Gorbunov YN, Grebenyuk OG, Grosnick D, Gupta S, Guryn W, Haag B, Hajkova O, Hamed A, Han LX, Harris JW, Hays-Wehle JP, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Hofman DJ, Horvat S, Huang B, Huang HZ, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Huo L, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jena C, Joseph J, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kang K, Kapitan J, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kesich A, Kettler D, Kikola DP, Kiryluk J, Kisiel A, Kizka V, Klein SR, Koetke DD, Kollegger T, Konzer J, Koralt I, Koroleva L, Korsch W, Kotchenda L, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kumar L, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, LaPointe S, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Leight W, LeVine MJ, Li C, Li L, Li W, Li X, Li X, Li Y, Li ZM, Lima LM, Lisa MA, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Longacre RS, Lu Y, Luo X, Luszczak A, Ma GL, Ma YG, Madagodagettige Don DMMD, Mahapatra DP, Majka R, Mall OI, Margetis S, Markert C, Masui H, Matis HS, McDonald D, McShane TS, Mioduszewski S, Mitrovski MK, Mohammed Y, Mohanty B, Morozov B, Munhoz MG, Mustafa MK, Naglis M, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nogach LV, Novak J, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Ohlson A, Okorokov V, Oldag EW, Oliveira RAN, Olson D, Ostrowski P, Pachr M, Page BS, Pal SK, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlak T, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Peryt W, Pile P, Planinic M, Pluta J, Plyku D, Poljak N, Porter J, Poskanzer AM, Powell CB, Prindle D, Pruneau C, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Pujahari PR, Putschke J, Qiu H, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Ray RL, Redwine R, Reed R, Riley CK, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ross JF, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Sahoo NR, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandacz A, Sandweiss J, Sangaline E, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke B, Schmitz N, Schuster TR, Seele J, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shao M, Sharma B, Sharma M, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Singaraju RN, Skoby MJ, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Solanki D, Sorensen P, deSouza UG, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Steadman SG, Stevens JR, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Suaide AAP, Suarez MC, Sumbera M, Sun XM, Sun Y, Sun Z, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Symons TJM, Szanto de Toledo A, Takahashi J, Tang AH, Tang Z, Tarini LH, Tarnowsky T, Thein D, Thomas JH, Tian J, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Trainor TA, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Turnau J, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vanfossen JA, Varma R, Vasconcelos GMS, Videbæk F, Viyogi YP, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Vossen A, Wada M, Wang F, Wang G, Wang H, Wang JS, Wang Q, Wang XL, Wang Y, Webb G, Webb JC, Westfall GD, Whitten C, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Witzke W, Wu YF, Xiao Z, Xie W, Xin K, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu W, Xu Y, Xu Z, Xue L, Yang Y, Yang Y, Yepes P, Yi Y, Yip K, Yoo IK, Zawisza M, Zbroszczyk H, Zhang JB, Zhang S, Zhang WM, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang ZP, Zhao F, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhu X, Zhu YH, Zoulkarneeva Y. Transverse single-spin asymmetry and cross section forπ0andηmesons at large Feynmanxinp↑+pcollisions ats=200 GeV. Int J Clin Exp Med 2012. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.86.051101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
56
|
Meng W, Butterworth J, Calvas P, Malecaze F. Myopia and iris colour: A possible connection? Med Hypotheses 2012; 78:778-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2012.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2011] [Accepted: 03/06/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
57
|
Adamczyk L, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alakhverdyants AV, Alekseev I, Alford J, Anderson BD, Anson CD, Arkhipkin D, Averichev GS, Balewski J, Banerjee A, Barnovska Z, Beavis DR, Bellwied R, Betancourt MJ, Betts RR, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bichsel H, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Borowski W, Bouchet J, Brandin AV, Brovko SG, Bruna E, Bueltmann S, Bunzarov I, Burton TP, Butterworth J, Cai XZ, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Cendejas R, Cervantes MC, Chaloupka P, Chattopadhyay S, Chen HF, Chen JH, Chen JY, Chen L, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chikanian A, Christie W, Chung P, Chwastowski J, Codrington MJM, Corliss R, Cramer JG, Crawford HJ, Cui X, Davila Leyva A, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derradi de Souza R, Dhamija S, Didenko L, Ding F, Djawotho P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Elnimr M, Engelage J, Eppley G, Eun L, Evdokimov O, Fatemi R, Fedorisin J, Fersch RG, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Gagliardi CA, Gangadharan DR, Geurts F, Gliske S, Gorbunov YN, Grebenyuk OG, Grosnick D, Gupta S, Guryn W, Haag B, Hajkova O, Hamed A, Han LX, Harris JW, Hays-Wehle JP, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Hofman DJ, Horvat S, Huang B, Huang HZ, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Huo L, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jena C, Joseph J, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kang K, Kapitan J, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kesich A, Kettler D, Kikola DP, Kiryluk J, Kisiel A, Kizka V, Klein SR, Koetke DD, Kollegger T, Konzer J, Koralt I, Koroleva L, Korsch W, Kotchenda L, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kumar L, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, LaPointe S, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Leight W, LeVine MJ, Li C, Li L, Li W, Li X, Li X, Li Y, Li ZM, Lima LM, Lisa MA, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Longacre RS, Lu Y, Luo X, Luszczak A, Ma GL, Ma YG, Mahapatra DP, Majka R, Mall OI, Margetis S, Markert C, Masui H, Matis HS, McDonald D, McShane TS, Mioduszewski S, Mitrovski MK, Mohammed Y, Mohanty B, Morozov B, Munhoz MG, Mustafa MK, Naglis M, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nogach LV, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Ohlson A, Okorokov V, Oldag EW, Oliveira RAN, Olson D, Pachr M, Page BS, Pal SK, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlak T, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Peryt W, Pile P, Planinic M, Pluta J, Plyku D, Poljak N, Porter J, Poskanzer AM, Powell CB, Prindle D, Pruneau C, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Pujahari PR, Putschke J, Qiu H, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Ray RL, Redwine R, Reed R, Riley CK, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Sahoo NR, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sangaline E, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmitz N, Schuster TR, Seele J, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shao M, Sharma B, Sharma M, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Singaraju RN, Skoby MJ, Smirnov N, Solanki D, Sorensen P, deSouza UG, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Steadman SG, Stevens JR, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Suaide AAP, Suarez MC, Sumbera M, Sun XM, Sun Y, Sun Z, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Symons TJM, Szanto de Toledo A, Takahashi J, Tang AH, Tang Z, Tarini LH, Tarnowsky T, Thein D, Thomas JH, Tian J, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Trainor TA, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Turnau J, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vanfossen JA, Varma R, Vasconcelos GMS, Videbæk F, Viyogi YP, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Vossen A, Wada M, Wang F, Wang G, Wang H, Wang JS, Wang Q, Wang XL, Wang Y, Webb G, Webb JC, Westfall GD, Whitten C, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Witzke W, Wu YF, Xiao Z, Xie W, Xin K, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu W, Xu Y, Xu Z, Xue L, Yang Y, Yang Y, Yepes P, Yi Y, Yip K, Yoo IK, Zawisza M, Zbroszczyk H, Zhang JB, Zhang S, Zhang WM, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang ZP, Zhao F, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhu X, Zhu YH, Zoulkarneeva Y. Directed flow of identified particles in Au+Au collisions at √[SNN]=200 GeV at RHIC. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:202301. [PMID: 23003142 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.202301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
STAR's measurements of directed flow (v1) around midrapidity for π±, K±, KS0, p, and p[over ¯] in Au+Au collisions at √[sNN]=200 GeV are presented. A negative v1(y) slope is observed for most of produced particles (π±, K±, KS0, and p[over ¯]). In 5%-30% central collisions, a sizable difference is present between the v1(y) slope of protons and antiprotons, with the former being consistent with zero within errors. The v1 excitation function is presented. Comparisons to model calculations (RQMD, UrQMD, AMPT, QGSM with parton recombination, and a hydrodynamics model with a tilted source) are made. For those models which have calculations of v1 for both pions and protons, none of them can describe v1(y) for pions and protons simultaneously. The hydrodynamics model with a tilted source as currently implemented cannot explain the centrality dependence of the difference between the v1(y) slopes of protons and antiprotons.
Collapse
|
58
|
Tanswell I, Steed H, Butterworth J, Townson G. Anaemia is of prognostic significance in patients with oesophageal adenocarcinoma. J R Coll Physicians Edinb 2012; 41:206-10. [PMID: 21949914 DOI: 10.4997/jrcpe.2011.304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaemia is common in a wide range of malignancies and individual studies have demonstrated it to be an independent prognostic marker for survival in certain cancer types. The study population consisted of 171 patients: 77 anaemic and 94 non-anaemic. Sixty per cent of the study population had adenocarcinoma with 37% having squamous cell carcinoma. Late-stage disease occurred in 80% of individuals. There was no significant difference in survival times between the two groups (p=0.1), and after adjusting for confounding factors including age, sex, stage and physical status (p=0.8). Anaemic individuals with adenocarcinoma suffered a poorer survival probability compared to those with normal haemoglobon level (p=0.02). Anaemia is common at diagnosis in oesophageal cancer and was found to be a significant prognostic indicator of survival in adenocarcinoma, but not squamous cell carcinoma.
Collapse
|
59
|
Albers M, Warr N, Nomura K, Blazhev A, Jolie J, Mücher D, Bastin B, Bauer C, Bernards C, Bettermann L, Bildstein V, Butterworth J, Cappellazzo M, Cederkäll J, Cline D, Darby I, Das Gupta S, Daugas JM, Davinson T, De Witte H, Diriken J, Filipescu D, Fiori E, Fransen C, Gaffney LP, Georgiev G, Gernhäuser R, Hackstein M, Heinze S, Hess H, Huyse M, Jenkins D, Konki J, Kowalczyk M, Kröll T, Krücken R, Litzinger J, Lutter R, Marginean N, Mihai C, Moschner K, Napiorkowski P, Singh BSN, Nowak K, Otsuka T, Pakarinen J, Pfeiffer M, Radeck D, Reiter P, Rigby S, Robledo LM, Rodríguez-Guzmán R, Rudigier M, Sarriguren P, Scheck M, Seidlitz M, Siebeck B, Simpson G, Thöle P, Thomas T, Van de Walle J, Van Duppen P, Vermeulen M, Voulot D, Wadsworth R, Wenander F, Wimmer K, Zell KO, Zielinska M. Evidence for a smooth onset of deformation in the neutron-rich Kr isotopes. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:062701. [PMID: 22401060 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.062701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The neutron-rich nuclei 94,96Kr were studied via projectile Coulomb excitation at the REX-ISOLDE facility at CERN. Level energies of the first excited 2(+) states and their absolute E2 transition strengths to the ground state are determined and discussed in the context of the E(2(1)(+)) and B(E2;2(1)(+)→0(1)(+)) systematics of the krypton chain. Contrary to previously published results no sudden onset of deformation is observed. This experimental result is supported by a new proton-neutron interacting boson model calculation based on the constrained Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov approach using the microscopic Gogny-D1M energy density functional.
Collapse
|
60
|
Meng W, Butterworth J, Malecaze F, Calvas P. A linear regression model to differentiate axial myopia from non-axial myopia. Ophthalmic Genet 2011; 33:53-5. [PMID: 22103660 DOI: 10.3109/13816810.2011.610861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
61
|
Auriol S, Butterworth J, Macé M, Meng W, Malecaze F. [Characterization of the biometric eye profile of a high myopic population: does high myopia correspond to a homogenous phenotype?]. J Fr Ophtalmol 2011; 34:217-28. [PMID: 21435736 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2010.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2010] [Revised: 11/02/2010] [Accepted: 11/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE High myopia is a public health problem because of its high prevalence and is a major cause of blindness. The physiopathology of myopia remains unknown and mechanisms causing the disease are most probably complex, combining acquired environmental and genetic factors. The most recent data suggest that genetic determinisms of high myopia could be highly dependent on subject phenotype. The aim of this study was to analyse the ocular components of a high myopic population to verify whether high myopia corresponds to a homogeneous phenotype. PATIENTS AND METHODS We analysed the biometric characteristics of 718 myopic eyes with a spherical equivalent of less than -5 diopters. The biometric parameters (corneal radius, axial length, and intraocular pressure) were compared controlling for sex and the degree of myopia. RESULTS We found a difference between the phenotype of males and females. For men, axial length was the only determinant of the myopic phenotype, whereas for women, the myopic phenotype was determined by axial length and corneal radius. This difference between the phenotypes was more evident for myopia with a spherical equivalent greater than -10 diopters (moderate myopia). This difference between males and females disappeared in myopia less than -15 diopters. CONCLUSION There are intersex differences considering the high myopia phenotype at a spherical equivalent less than -5 diopters. However, this difference disappears for extremely high myopia with a spherical equivalence of less than -15 diopters.
Collapse
|
62
|
Wimmer K, Kröll T, Krücken R, Bildstein V, Gernhäuser R, Bastin B, Bree N, Diriken J, Van Duppen P, Huyse M, Patronis N, Vermaelen P, Voulot D, Van de Walle J, Wenander F, Fraile LM, Chapman R, Hadinia B, Orlandi R, Smith JF, Lutter R, Thirolf PG, Labiche M, Blazhev A, Kalkühler M, Reiter P, Seidlitz M, Warr N, Macchiavelli AO, Jeppesen HB, Fiori E, Georgiev G, Schrieder G, Das Gupta S, Lo Bianco G, Nardelli S, Butterworth J, Johansen J, Riisager K. Discovery of the shape coexisting 0+ state in 32 Mg by a two neutron transfer reaction. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 105:252501. [PMID: 21231582 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.252501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The "island of inversion" nucleus 32 Mg has been studied by a (t, p) two neutron transfer reaction in inverse kinematics at REX-ISOLDE. The shape coexistent excited 0+ state in 32 Mg has been identified by the characteristic angular distribution of the protons of the Δ L=0 transfer. The excitation energy of 1058 keV is much lower than predicted by any theoretical model. The low γ-ray intensity observed for the decay of this 0+ state indicates a lifetime of more than 10 ns. Deduced spectroscopic amplitudes are compared with occupation numbers from shell-model calculations.
Collapse
|
63
|
Woodhead M, Butterworth J, Myers LA. S126 Measuring quality in pneumonia care. The north west advancing quality programme 2008-2009. Thorax 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/thx.2010.150946.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
64
|
Meng W, Butterworth J, Malecaze F, Calvas P. Axial length of myopia: a review of current research. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 225:127-34. [PMID: 20948239 DOI: 10.1159/000317072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2010] [Accepted: 06/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Myopia, or nearsightedness, is a worldwide common type of refractive error. It is a non-life-threatening disorder with huge social and economic consequences due to its increasing prevalence. Axial length (AL) is the primary determinant of non-syndromic myopia. It is a parameter representing the combination of anterior chamber depth, lens thickness and vitreous chamber depth of the eye. AL can also be treated as an endophenotype of myopia and may provide extra advantages in the investigation of its genetic basis. The study of AL will not only identify the determinants of eye elongation, but also provide aetiological evidence for myopia. The purpose of this review is to outline the current state of AL research. Epidemiological evidence, genetic determinants, the relationship with other eye components and relative animal models of AL are summarised.
Collapse
|
65
|
Meng W, Butterworth J, Malecaze F, Calvas P. Axial length: an underestimated endophenotype of myopia. Med Hypotheses 2009; 74:252-3. [PMID: 19892471 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2009.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2009] [Accepted: 09/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Myopia is a major threat for vision health across the world. Around 1 in 4 in the West and over 3 in 4 in the East are suffering from this common eye disorder. It is a complex trait affected by both genetic and environmental determinants. Axial length is an essential man-made parameter generated from ocular biometric components. It represents a combination of anterior chamber depth, lens thickness and vitreous chamber depth. Meanwhile, it is an endophenotype of the phenotype of myopia. In the mainstream genetic studies on vision science, it is always treated only as a parameter rather than an endophenotype. However, in this article, the potential advantages are discussed for axial length analysed as an endophenotype independently. It may provide solutions for the exploration of myopia genetics.
Collapse
|
66
|
Fenwick A, Richardson RJ, Butterworth J, Barron MJ, Dixon MJ. Novel mutations in GJA1 cause oculodentodigital syndrome. J Dent Res 2008; 87:1021-6. [PMID: 18946008 DOI: 10.1177/154405910808701108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Oculodentodigital syndrome (ODD) is a rare, usually autosomal-dominant disorder that is characterized by developmental abnormalities of the face, eyes, teeth, and limbs. The most common clinical findings include a long, narrow nose, short palpebral fissures, type III syndactyly, and dental abnormalities including generalized microdontia and enamel hypoplasia. Recently, it has been shown that mutations in the gene GJA1, which encodes the gap junction protein connexin 43, underlie oculodentodigital syndrome. Gap junction communication between adjacent cells is known to be vital during embryogenesis and subsequently for normal tissue homeostasis. Here, we report 8 missense mutations in the coding region of GJA1, 6 of which have not been described previously, in ten unrelated families diagnosed with ODD. In addition, immunofluorescence analyses of a developmental series of mouse embryos and adult tissue demonstrates a strong correlation between the sites of connexin 43 expression and the clinical phenotype displayed by individuals affected by ODD.
Collapse
|
67
|
Menon S, Mathew L, Munasinghe A, Butterworth J. "Double jeopardy": twin problems associated with an esophageal self-expanding metal stent. Endoscopy 2008; 40 Suppl 2:E210-1. [PMID: 18709624 DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1077454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
|
68
|
Sutherland GR, Butterworth J, Broadhead DM, Bain AD. Lysosomal enzyme levels in human amniotic fluid cells in tissue culture. II. Alpha-galactosidase, beta-galactosidase and alpha-arabinosidase. Clin Genet 2008; 5:351-5. [PMID: 4853061 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.1974.tb01705.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
69
|
Butterworth J, Sutherland GR, Broadhead DM, Bain AD. Lysosomal enzyme levels in human amniotic fluid cells in tissue culture. 3. Beta-glucuronidase, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, alpha-mannosidase and acid phosphatase. Clin Genet 2008; 5:356-62. [PMID: 4853062 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.1974.tb01706.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
70
|
Butterworth J, Walker TK. A study of the mechanism of the degradation of citric acid by B. pyocyaneus. Part I. Biochem J 2006; 23:926-35. [PMID: 16744296 PMCID: PMC1254216 DOI: 10.1042/bj0230926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
71
|
Walker TK, Subramaniam V, Stent HB, Butterworth J. A study of the mechanism of the degradation of citric acid by B. pyocyaneus (Pseudomonas pyocyanea): Action of B. pyocyaneus on succinic acid. Biochem J 2006; 25:129-37. [PMID: 16744558 PMCID: PMC1260619 DOI: 10.1042/bj0250129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
72
|
Serebrov A, Varlamov V, Kharitonov A, Fomin A, Pokotilovski Y, Geltenbort P, Butterworth J, Krasnoschekova I, Lasakov M, Tal'daev R, Vassiljev A, Zherebtsov O. Measurement of the Neutron Lifetime Using a Gravitational Trap and a Low-Temperature Fomblin Coating. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY 2005; 110:333-8. [PMID: 27308146 PMCID: PMC4852839 DOI: 10.6028/jres.110.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/11/2004] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We present a new value for the neutron lifetime of 878.5 ± 0.7stat. ± 0.3syst. This result differs from the world average value by 6.5 standard deviations and by 5.6 standard deviations from the previous most precise result. However, this new value for the neutron lifetime together with a β-asymmetry in neutron decay, A 0, of -0.1189(7) is in a good agreement with the Standard Model.
Collapse
|
73
|
Butterworth J, MacLaughlin DE, Moss BC. The use of random noise to improve resolution in analogue-to-digital voltage conversion. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1088/0950-7671/44/12/417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
74
|
|
75
|
|
76
|
Butterworth J. Nuclear magnetic relaxation and the magnetic properties of V-Cr alloys. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1088/0370-1328/83/1/310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
77
|
Prielipp RC, Wall MH, Groban L, Tobin JR, Fahey FH, Harkness BA, Stump DA, James RL, Cannon MA, Bennett J, Butterworth J. Reduced regional and global cerebral blood flow during fenoldopam-induced hypotension in volunteers. Anesth Analg 2001; 93:45-52. [PMID: 11429337 DOI: 10.1097/00000539-200107000-00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Dopamine has a wide spectrum of receptor and pharmacologic actions that may affect cerebral blood flow (CBF). A new, selective dopamine-1 agonist, fenoldopam, is a potent systemic vasodilator with moderate alpha(2)-receptor affinity. However, the effects of fenoldopam on the cerebral circulation are undefined. We therefore hypothesized that infusion of fenoldopam would decrease mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and might concurrently decrease CBF via vascular alpha(2)-adrenoreceptor activation in awake volunteers. We studied nine healthy normotensive subjects, using positron emission tomography to measure CBF in multiple cortical and subcortical regions of interest. In addition, bioimpedance cardiac output and middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity were determined during fenoldopam-induced hypotension. Three men and four women, aged 25-43 yr, completed the study. Fenoldopam infused at 1.3 +/- 0.4 microg. kg(-1). min(-1) (mean +/- SD) reduced MAP 16% from baseline: from 94 (89-100) mm Hg (mean [95% confidence interval]) to 79 [74-85] mm Hg (P < 0.0001). During the fenoldopam infusion, both cardiac output (+39%), and heart rate (+45%) increased significantly, whereas global CBF decreased from baseline, 45.6 [35.6-58.5] mL. 100 g(-1). min(-1), to 37.7 [33.9-42.0] mL. 100 g(-1). min(-1) (P < 0.0001). Despite restoration of baseline MAP with a concurrent infusion of phenylephrine, global CBF remained decreased relative to baseline values at 37.9 [34.0-42.3] mL. 100 gm(-1). min(-1) (P < 0.0001). Changes in middle cerebral artery velocity did not correlate with positron emission tomography-measured changes of CBF induced by fenoldopam, with or without concurrent phenylephrine. IMPLICATIONS In awake volunteers with (presumably) intact cerebral autoregulation,fenoldopam-induced hypotension significantly decreased global cerebral bloodflow (CBF). Clinicians should be aware of these pharmacodynamic effects when choosing a vasodilator to control blood pressure, especially in situations where control of CBF, cerebral blood volume, and intracranial pressure are therapeutic priorities.
Collapse
|
78
|
Butterworth J, James RL, Lin YA, Bennett J, Prielipp RC. Gender Does Not Influence Epsilon-Aminocaproic Acid Concentrations in Adults Undergoing Cardiopulmonary Bypass. Anesth Analg 2001; 92:1384-90. [PMID: 11375809 DOI: 10.1097/00000539-200106000-00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Epsilon-aminocaproic acid (epsilon-ACA) is administered to cardiac surgery patients to reduce blood transfusions. Highly water-soluble drugs, such as epsilon-ACA, often have larger distribution volumes in males than in females. We hypothesized that epsilon-ACA concentrations using this dosing scheme would differ by gender because of differences in body composition and weight-adjusted volumes of distribution. Ten men and 10 women undergoing elective coronary artery surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) received a 50 mg/kg epsilon-ACA initial dose over 20 min and a 25 mg. kg(-1) x h(-1) epsilon-ACA maintenance infusion for 4 h. The area under the epsilon-ACA arterial concentration versus time curves was compared by using analysis of variance. Measured epsilon-ACA concentrations were smaller than predicted by the published model, but the area under the concentration versus time curves was not significantly different between men and women. Combining the present concentration data with that previously published, our updated two-compartment model included the following estimated population pharmacokinetic values: V(1) (11.8 L pre-CPB, 14.9 L during and after CPB), V(2) (12.0 L pre-CPB, 15.0 L during and after CPB), Cl(1) (0.125 L/min pre-CPB, 0.037 L/min during CPB, 0.156 L/min after CPB), Cl(2) (0.155 L/min pre-CPB, 0.013 L/min during CPB, 0.193 L/min after CPB).
Collapse
|
79
|
Sherman SV, Wall MH, Kennedy DJ, Brooker RF, Butterworth J. Do pulmonary artery catheters cause or increase tricuspid or pulmonic valvular regurgitation? Anesth Analg 2001; 92:1117-22. [PMID: 11323331 DOI: 10.1097/00000539-200105000-00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED There are few quantitative data on the extent or mechanism of pulmonary artery catheter (PAC)-induced valvular dysfunction. We hypothesized that PACs cause or worsen tricuspid and pulmonic valvular regurgitation, and tested this hypothesis by using transesophageal echocardiography. In 54 anesthetized adult patients, we measured color Doppler jet areas of tricuspid regurgitation (TR) in two planes (midesophageal [ME] 4-chamber and right ventricular inflow-outflow views) and pulmonic insufficiency (PI) in one plane (ME aortic valve long-axis view), both before and after we advanced a PAC into the pulmonary artery. Regurgitant jet areas and hemodynamic measurements were compared by using paired t-test. There were no significant changes in blood pressure or heart rate after passage of the PAC. After PAC placement, the mean PI jet area was not significantly increased. The mean TR jet area increased significantly in the right ventricular inflow-outflow view (+0.37 +/- 0.11 cm(2)) (P = 0.0014), but did not increase at the ME 4-chamber view. Seventeen percent of patients had an increase in TR jet area > or =1 cm(2); 8% of patients had an increase in PI jet area >/=1 cm(2). IMPLICATIONS In patients without pulmonic or tricuspid valvular pathology, placement of a pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) worsened tricuspid regurgitation, which is consistently visualized in the right ventricular inflow-outflow view, and often not seen in the midesophageal 4-chamber view. This is consistent with malcoaptation of the anterior and posterior leaflets. PAC-induced pulmonic insufficiency was rarely detected in the midesophageal aortic valve long-axis view. We conclude that a PAC is very unlikely to be the sole cause of severe tricuspid regurgitation or pulmonic insufficiency.
Collapse
|
80
|
Bourke PJ, Butterworth J, Drain LE, Egelstaff PA, Hughes AJ, Hutchinson P, Jackson DA, Jakeman E, Moss B, O'Shaughnessy J, Pike ER, Schofield P. A study of the spatial structure of turbulent flow by intensity-fluctuation spectroscopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1088/0305-4470/3/2/013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
81
|
Mansfield P, MacLaughlin DE, Butterworth J. Cross-relaxation effects on stimulated quadrupolar echoes in solids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1088/0022-3719/3/5/021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
82
|
Neville MJ, Butterworth J, James RL, Hammon JW, Stump DA. Similar neurobehavioral outcome after valve or coronary artery operations despite differing carotid embolic counts. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2001; 121:125-36. [PMID: 11135169 DOI: 10.1067/mtc.2001.111378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The interrelationships among coronary and valvular operations, microemboli, and neurobehavioral outcome are unclear. We hypothesized that adult patients undergoing cardiac valve operations would have more total emboli delivered to the brain than patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting and that this would associate with worse neurobehavioral outcomes. METHODS One hundred ninety-three patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting and 73 patients undergoing cardiac valve operations were compared. Patients received neurologic, neuro-ophthalmologic, and 11 standardized neurobehavioral tests preoperatively and 5 to 7 days, 1 month, and 6 months postoperatively. Left common carotid Doppler ultrasonographic embolus detection was performed intraoperatively. Repeated measures and logistic regression analyses of outcome were performed. RESULTS Patients undergoing either coronary or valve operations were well matched by age (61 +/- 10 and 59 +/- 12 years, respectively), but a significantly greater fraction of patients undergoing valve operations were female, diabetic, or had undergone previous cardiac operations. Neurobehavioral scores of patients undergoing either coronary artery bypass grafting or cardiac valve operations did not differ significantly at any time. Total embolus counts differed significantly: the median was 105 during coronary artery bypass grafting and 479 during cardiac valve operations (geometric means of 104 and 412, respectively; P =.0001). Significantly more emboli were detected in the patients undergoing cardiac valve operations after removal of the left ventricular vent and after separation from cardiopulmonary bypass, but comparable numbers of emboli were seen in the 2 groups before cardiopulmonary bypass. In both groups decreased neurobehavioral performance was apparent at 5 to 7 days, with improvement at 1 and 6 months. Increasing numbers of carotid emboli significantly associated with worse performance on the letter cancellation test. There were no significant differences between patients undergoing valve and coronary operations in neurobehavioral outcomes, strokes, transient ischemic attacks, or deaths. CONCLUSIONS The significantly greater number of emboli in the group of patients undergoing cardiac valve operations is likely the result of the entrainment of intracardiac air. The greater numbers of emboli during cardiac valve operations do not appear associated with a commensurately greater risk of adverse neurologic or neurobehavioral outcome.
Collapse
|
83
|
Groban L, Deal DD, Vernon JC, James RL, Butterworth J. Cardiac resuscitation after incremental overdosage with lidocaine, bupivacaine, levobupivacaine, and ropivacaine in anesthetized dogs. Anesth Analg 2001; 92:37-43. [PMID: 11133597 DOI: 10.1097/00000539-200101000-00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED There is no information comparing the ability to reverse the cardiotoxic effects associated with incremental overdosage of bupivacaine (BUP) to levobupivacaine (LBUP), ropivacaine (ROP), or lidocaine (LIDO). Open-chest dogs were randomized to receive incremental escalating infusions of BUP, LBUP, ROP, and LIDO to the point of cardiovascular collapse (mean arterial pressure [MAP] < or = 45 mm Hg). Hypotension and arrhythmias were treated with epinephrine, open-chest massage, and advanced cardiac life support protocols, respectively. Outcomes were defined as the following: successful (stable rhythm and MAP > or = 55 mm Hg for 20 min), successful with continued therapy (stable rhythm and MAP <55 mm Hg after 20 min), or death. Continued therapy was required in 86% of LIDO dogs compared with only 10%-30% of the other dogs (P < 0.002). Mortality from BUP, LBUP, ROP, and LIDO was 50%, 30%, 10%, and 0%, respectively. Myocardial depression was primarily responsible for the profound hypotension, as the occurrence of lethal arrhythmias preceding resuscitation was not different among local anesthetics. Epinephrine-induced ventricular fibrillation occurred more frequently in BUP-intoxicated dogs than in dogs given LIDO or ROP (P < 0.05). The unbound plasma concentrations at collapse were larger for ROP, 19.8 microg/mL (10-39 microg/mL), compared with BUP, 5.7 microg/mL (3-11 microg/mL); whereas the concentrations of LBUP, 9.4 microg/mL (5-18 microg/mL) and BUP were not significantly different from each other. IMPLICATIONS There were consistent differences among the local anesthetics, the sum of which suggests that larger doses and blood concentrations of ropivacaine (ROP) and lidocaine will be tolerated as compared with bupivacaine (BUP) and levobupivacaine (LBUP). Lidocaine intoxication results in myocardial depression from which resuscitation is consistently successful but will require continuing drug support. After BUP, LBUP, or ROP, resuscitation is not always successful, and the administration of epinephrine may lead to severe arrhythmias. The unbound plasma concentrations at collapse were larger for ROP compared with BUP, whereas the concentrations of LBUP and BUP were not significantly different from each other. Furthermore, larger plasma concentrations of ROP than BUP are present after resuscitation, suggesting a wider margin of safety when large volumes and large concentrations are used to establish upper or lower extremity nerve blocks for surgical anesthesia and during long-term infusions for pain management.
Collapse
|
84
|
Groban L, Deal DD, Vernon JC, James RL, Butterworth J. Ventricular arrhythmias with or without programmed electrical stimulation after incremental overdosage with lidocaine, bupivacaine, levobupivacaine, and ropivacaine. Anesth Analg 2000; 91:1103-11. [PMID: 11049891 DOI: 10.1097/00000539-200011000-00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED It is unclear whether the mechanism of death from local anesthetic (LA) intoxication is primarily a consequence of cardiac arrhythmias or myocardial contractile depression, and whether LAs might differ in this susceptibility to these two mechanisms. By using programmable electrical stimulation (PES) protocols in anesthetized, ventilated dogs, we compared the arrhythmogenic potential of bupivacaine (BUP), ropivacaine (ROP), levobupivacaine (LBUP), and lidocaine (LIDO). Open-chest dogs were randomized to receive escalating incremental infusions of the four local anesthetics until cardiovascular collapse. We assumed a concentration relationship of 4:1 for LIDO/BUP, LBUP, and ROP. The effective refractory period did not change significantly until the dose increment corresponding to target concentrations of 8 and 32 microg/mL for BUP, LBUP, ROP, and LIDO, respectively. Thirty percent to 50% increases in effective refractory period occurred in surviving dogs at this dose. The incidence of spontaneous or PES-induced ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation did not differ among groups. Compared with LIDO, the incidence of PES-induced extrasystoles was more frequent for BUP- and LBUP-treated dogs (P: < 0.05). ROP-treated dogs did not differ from LIDO-treated dogs with respect to PES-induced extrasystoles. At the dose increment preceding cardiovascular collapse, all LAs produced significant increases in heart rate and reductions in blood pressure compared with their respective baseline values. The incidence of programmable electrical stimulation-induced ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation with BUP does not differ from the incidence that occurs with the single S:(-) enantiomers LBUP and ROP, providing further evidence against stereoselective arrhythmogenesis as a primary component of local anesthetic-induced cardiotoxicity. IMPLICATIONS Progressive bupivacaine intoxication in anesthetized, ventilated dogs does not produce early arrhythmogenic events. The incidence of programmable electrical stimulation-induced ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation with bupivacaine does not differ from the incidence that occurs with the single S:(-) enantiomers levobupivacaine and ropivacaine, providing further evidence against stereoselective arrhythmogenesis as a primary component of local anesthetic-induced cardiotoxicity.
Collapse
|
85
|
Wei ZY, Brown W, Takasaki B, Plobeck N, Delorme D, Zhou F, Yang H, Jones P, Gawell L, Gagnon H, Schmidt R, Yue SY, Walpole C, Payza K, St-Onge S, Labarre M, Godbout C, Jakob A, Butterworth J, Kamassah A, Morin PE, Projean D, Ducharme J, Roberts E. N,N-Diethyl-4-(phenylpiperidin-4-ylidenemethyl)benzamide: a novel, exceptionally selective, potent delta opioid receptor agonist with oral bioavailability and its analogues. J Med Chem 2000; 43:3895-905. [PMID: 11052794 DOI: 10.1021/jm000229p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The design, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of a novel class of delta opioid receptor agonists, N, N-diethyl-4-(phenylpiperidin-4-ylidenemethyl)benzamide (6a) and its analogues, are described. These compounds, formally derived from SNC-80 (2) by replacing the piperazine ring with a piperidine ring containing an exocyclic carbon carbon double bond, were found to bind with high affinity and exhibit excellent selectivity for the delta opioid receptor as full agonists. 6a, the simplest structure in the class, exhibited an IC(50) = 0.87 nM for the delta opioid receptors and extremely high selectivity over the mu receptors (mu/delta = 4370) and the kappa receptors (kappa/delta = 8590). Rat liver microsome studies on a selected number of compounds show these olefinic piperidine compounds (6) to be considerably more stable than SNC-80. This novel series of compounds appear to interact with delta opioid receptors in a similar way to SNC-80 since they demonstrate similar SAR. Two general approaches have been established for the synthesis of these compounds, based on dehydration of benzhydryl alcohols (7) and Suzuki coupling reactions of vinyl bromide (8), and are herewith reported.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Animals
- Benzamides/chemical synthesis
- Benzamides/chemistry
- Benzamides/metabolism
- Benzamides/pharmacology
- Biological Availability
- Cell Line
- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
- Humans
- In Vitro Techniques
- Mass Spectrometry
- Microsomes, Liver/metabolism
- Models, Molecular
- Piperazines/metabolism
- Piperidines/chemical synthesis
- Piperidines/chemistry
- Piperidines/metabolism
- Piperidines/pharmacology
- Radioligand Assay
- Rats
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/metabolism
- Stereoisomerism
- Structure-Activity Relationship
- Thermodynamics
- Transfection
Collapse
|
86
|
Labarre M, Butterworth J, St-Onge S, Payza K, Schmidhammer H, Salvadori S, Balboni G, Guerrini R, Bryant SD, Lazarus LH. Inverse agonism by Dmt-Tic analogues and HS 378, a naltrindole analogue. Eur J Pharmacol 2000; 406:R1-3. [PMID: 11011049 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(00)00636-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The potent delta-opioid receptor antagonist H-2',6-L-tyrosine(Dmt)-1, 2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (Tic-OH) exhibited partial inverse agonism (EC(50)=6.35 nM, E(max)=-18.87%) for [35S]GTPgammaS binding and H-Dmt-Tic-NH(2) was a neutral antagonist (no effect up to 30 microM). In contrast N,N(CH(3))(2)-Dmt-Tic-NH(2) was a full inverse agonist (EC(50)=2.66 nM, E(max)=-35.95%) similar to ICI 174864 ([N,N-diallyl-Tyr(1),Aib(2,3),Leu(5)]enkephaline) but with a 3.5-fold higher EC(50). In comparison, naltrindole was a neutral antagonist while its analogue HS 378 was a partial inverse agonist (E(max)=-12.99%).
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Benzamides/pharmacology
- Benzeneacetamides
- Binding, Competitive/drug effects
- Cell Line
- Cell Membrane/drug effects
- Cell Membrane/metabolism
- Dipeptides/chemistry
- Dipeptides/pharmacology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-/pharmacology
- Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate)/metabolism
- Humans
- Isoquinolines/chemistry
- Isoquinolines/pharmacology
- Naltrexone/analogs & derivatives
- Naltrexone/chemistry
- Naltrexone/pharmacology
- Narcotic Antagonists/pharmacology
- Piperazines/pharmacology
- Pyrrolidines/pharmacology
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/agonists
- Sulfur Radioisotopes
- Tetrahydroisoquinolines
Collapse
|
87
|
Butterworth J, Hagner D, Helm DT, Whelley TA. Workplace culture, social interactions, and supports for transition-age young adults. MENTAL RETARDATION 2000; 38:342-53. [PMID: 10981196 DOI: 10.1352/0047-6765(2000)038<0342:wcsias>2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The role of the workplace and its culture in supporting social inclusion and workplace support for employees with disabilities is discussed and results of a qualitative study of the workplace experiences of 8 young adults with developmental disabilities presented. Data were collected using participant observation and semi-structured interviews. Four characteristics of supportive workplaces were identified: (a) multiple context relationships, (b) specific social opportunities, (c) a personal and team-building management style, and (d) interdependent job designs. The more supportive workplaces had all of these characteristics, suggesting that collectively they represent key features of a supportive workplace culture. Implications for job development and job creation are identified.
Collapse
|
88
|
McCaslin PP, Butterworth J. Bupivacaine suppresses [Ca(2+)](i) oscillations in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes with increased extracellular K+ and is reversed with increased extracellular Mg(2+). Anesth Analg 2000; 91:82-8. [PMID: 10866891 DOI: 10.1097/00000539-200007000-00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Lidocaine is used to treat cardiac arrhythmias, whereas bupivacaine is noted for its cardiotoxicity. A precise mechanism for these differences is unclear, and there is no well defined antidote for local anesthetic cardiotoxicity. Our study compares the effect of lidocaine and bupivacaine on oscillations of intracellular Ca(2+) coupled with contractions in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes by using digital imaging. In medium containing 5.6 mM K(+), both 42 microM lidocaine and 5.5 microM bupivacaine significantly reduced the oscillation rate. The oscillatory patterns were highly irregular, and the rates were increased in the presence of bupivacaine in 7.6 mM K(+) medium, eventually degenerating into a loss of oscillations after several minutes of bupivacaine exposure. Irregular oscillations did not occur with lidocaine until the K(+) concentration was increased to 10 mM. Increasing the Mg(2+) and Ca(2+) concentrations by 2 mM each recovered oscillation that had been suppressed by bupivacaine in high K(+) buffer. Evaluation of intracellular Ca(2+) oscillations in neonatal rat suggests that increased extracellular K(+) may be an important component of bupivacaine cardiotoxicity. IMPLICATIONS Evaluation of intracellular Ca(2+) oscillations in neonatal rat myocytes suggests that increased extracellular K(+) may be an important component of bupivacaine cardiotoxicity.
Collapse
|
89
|
Ririe DG, Walker FO, James RL, Butterworth J. Effect of alkalinization of lidocaine on median nerve block. Br J Anaesth 2000; 84:163-8. [PMID: 10743447 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.bja.a013397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Median nerve blocks were performed in 10 volunteers in a randomized, double-blind, crossover study to compare the effects of 1% plain lidocaine with 1% lidocaine in sodium bicarbonate 0.1 mmol litre-1. Sensations of hot, cold, pinprick and light touch, compound motor and sensory nerve action potentials, and skin temperature were assessed at 2-min intervals. pH was 6.4 +/- 0.1 for plain lidocaine and 7.7 +/- 0.2 for alkalinized lidocaine (P < 0.001). Alkalinized lidocaine produced more rapid inhibition of compound motor action potentials than plain lidocaine (median 4 (range 2-6) vs 9 (2-14) min) (P = 0.039). Alkalinized lidocaine also produced more rapid onset of inhibition of compound motor than sensory nerve action potentials (4 (2-6) vs 8 (4-12) min) (P = 0.0039). There was no significant difference in any other sensory modality between alkalinized and plain lidocaine. These data suggest that addition of bicarbonate to lidocaine for median nerve block significantly increased the rate of motor block without changing the onset or extent of sensory block.
Collapse
|
90
|
Butterworth J, James R, Prielipp R, Cerese J, Livingston J, Burnett D. Female gender associates with increased duration of intubation and length of stay after coronary artery surgery. CABG Clinical Benchmarking Database Participants. Anesthesiology 2000; 92:414-24. [PMID: 10691228 DOI: 10.1097/00000542-200002000-00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Females have worse outcome than do males after coronary artery bypass grafting; however, gender effects on length of stay (LOS) outcomes, such as duration of intubation or intensive care unit (ICU) LOS, have not been evaluated previously. The authors hypothesized that adjustment for pertinent preoperative covariates would eliminate any significant effect of gender on duration of intubation, LOS in the ICU after extubation, total ICU LOS, postoperative (exclusive of ICU) LOS, or total postoperative LOS. METHODS Patients undergoing elective or urgent primary coronary artery bypass grafting surgery at 51 academic health centers in 1995 and 1997 were studied. Unique multivariable statistical models were developed for duration of intubation, ICU LOS after extubation, total ICU LOS, and postoperative (exclusive of ICU and total) LOS to test for independent associations with gender. Preoperative but not intraoperative or postoperative variables were included in the model. P> or =0.01 was considered significant. RESULTS All LOSs were of significantly longer duration in females than in males in both the 1995 (n = 1,064) and 1997 (n = 910) data collections. After covariate adjustment, female sex remained associated with significantly longer duration ICU LOS and total postoperative LOS in both the 1995 (female:male ratios 1.30:1 and 1.13:1, respectively) and the 1997 (female:male ratios 1.19:1 and 1.12:1, respectively) data sets. After covariate adjustment, duration of intubation and ICU LOS after extubation were of significantly longer duration in women than men in 1995 (female:male ratios 1.22:1 and 1.39:1, respectively), but the differences were not significant in 1997. CONCLUSIONS Even in the context of accelerated recovery programs, these analyses show that female sex has powerful associations with increased LOS intervals for coronary artery bypass grafting surgery, even after adjustment for preoperative covariates. These effects could result from differences in the ways in which men and women respond to coronary artery disease, anesthesia, and coronary artery bypass grafting surgery, or to bias on the part of healthcare workers.
Collapse
|
91
|
Pagé D, McClory A, Mischki T, Schmidt R, Butterworth J, St-Onge S, Labarre M, Payza K, Brown W. Novel Dmt-Tic dipeptide analogues as selective delta-opioid receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2000; 10:167-70. [PMID: 10673103 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(99)00652-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A series of Dmt-Tic analogues with substitution on the Tic aromatic ring has been synthesized and evaluated for opioid receptor affinity and activation. Incorporation of large hydrophobic groups at position 7 of Tic did not greatly alter the delta opioid receptor binding affinities of the dipeptides whereas substitution at position 6 substantially diminished their affinity. These modified Dmt-Tic peptides showed binding affinities as low as 2.5 nM with up to 500-fold selectivity for the delta versus mu opioid receptor and proved to be delta receptor antagonists.
Collapse
|
92
|
Leschziner A, Moukhles H, Lindenbaum M, Gee SH, Butterworth J, Campbell KP, Carbonetto S. Neural regulation of alpha-dystroglycan biosynthesis and glycosylation in skeletal muscle. J Neurochem 2000; 74:70-80. [PMID: 10617107 DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.0740070.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Alpha-dystroglycan (alpha-DG) is part of a complex of cell surface proteins linked to dystrophin or utrophin, which is distributed over the myofiber surface and is concentrated at neuromuscular junctions. In laminin overlays of muscle extracts from developing chick hindlimb muscle, alpha-DG first appears at embryonic day (E) 10 with an apparent molecular mass of 120 kDa. By E15 it is replaced by smaller (approximately 100 kDa) and larger (approximately 150 kDa) isoforms. The larger form increases in amount and in molecular mass (>200 kDa) as the muscle is innervated and the postsynaptic membrane differentiates (E10-E20), and then decreases dramatically in amount after hatching. In myoblasts differentiating in culture the molecular mass of alpha-DG is not significantly increased by their replication, fusion, or differentiation into myotubes. Monoclonal antibody IIH6, which recognizes a carbohydrate epitope on alpha-DG, preferentially binds to the larger forms, suggesting that the core protein is differentially glycosylated beginning at E16. Consistent with prior observations implicating the IIH6 epitope in laminin binding, the smaller forms of alpha-DG bind more weakly to laminin affinity columns than the larger ones. In blots of adult rat skeletal muscle probed with radiolabeled laminin or monoclonal antibody IIH6, alpha-DG appears as a >200-kDa band that decreases in molecular mass but increases in intensity following denervation. Northern blots reveal a single mRNA transcript, indicating that the reduction in molecular mass of alpha-DG after denervation is not obviously a result of alternative splicing but is likely due to posttranslational modification of newly synthesized molecules. The regulation of alpha-DG by the nerve and its increased affinity for laminin suggest that glycosylation of this protein may be important in myofiber-basement membrane interactions during development and after denervation.
Collapse
|
93
|
Kong RS, Aveling W, Butterworth J, Stump D, Harrison MJG, Newman S. Effects of clomethiazole on neuropsychological outcome following coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Crit Care 1999. [PMCID: PMC4097137 DOI: 10.1186/cc657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|
94
|
Butterworth J, Legault C, Stump DA, Coker L, Hammon JW, Troost BT, Royster RL, Prough DS. A randomized, blinded trial of the antioxidant pegorgotein: no reduction in neuropsychological deficits, inotropic drug support, or myocardial ischemia after coronary artery bypass surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 1999; 13:690-4. [PMID: 10622650 DOI: 10.1016/s1053-0770(99)90121-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether patients receiving pegorgotein preoperatively would be less likely than patients receiving placebo to demonstrate postoperative cerebral or myocardial dysfunction and thus would be less likely to (1) demonstrate a decline in neuropsychologic testing after cardiopulmonary bypass, (2) receive inotropic drug support, or (3) demonstrate electrocardiographic signs of ischemia or infarction. DESIGN Prospective, randomized, blinded clinical trial. SETTING University teaching hospital and clinics. PARTICIPANTS Sixty-seven patients with normal left ventricular function undergoing elective, primary coronary artery bypass surgery. INTERVENTIONS Six to 18 hours before aortic cross-clamping, patients received a single dose of placebo (n = 22); pegorgotein, 2,000 IU/kg intravenously (n = 23); or pegorgotein, 5,000 IU/kg intravenously (n = 22). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Patients in the three groups were similar; the mean ages were 65, 66, and 67 years, and there were seven, eight, and seven women in the placebo; pegorgotein, 2,000 IU/kg; and pegorgotein, 5,000 IU/kg groups. Fifty-one of 67 patients demonstrated neuropsychologic deficit 5 to 7 days postoperatively (n = 17, 19, and 15 for placebo, 2,000 IU/kg, and 5,000 IU/kg; p = NS). Median duration of cardiopulmonary bypass was longer in patients with two or more deficits at 4 to 6 weeks than in those with fewer than two deficits (121 v. 98 minutes; p = 0.04). No patient demonstrated a perioperative stroke. Twenty-seven patients required inotropic drug support after cardiopulmonary bypass (n = 8, 11, and 8 for placebo, 2,000 IU/kg, and 5,000 IU/kg; p = NS). Inotropic drug support was associated with history of angina (p = 0.01) and increasing weight (p = 0.03). Nine patients demonstrated early postoperative ischemia or infarction (n = 1, 7, and 1 for placebo, 2,000 IU/kg, and 5,000 IU/kg; p = 0.07). CONCLUSIONS This study showed no positive influence of pegorgotein on the incidence of any of the findings and showed a trend toward an increased incidence of myocardial ischemia or infarction.
Collapse
|
95
|
Fraser GL, Labarre M, Godbout C, Butterworth J, Clarke PB, Payza K, Schmidt R. Characterization of [125I]AR-M100613, a high-affinity radioligand for delta opioid receptors. Peptides 1999; 20:1327-35. [PMID: 10612447 DOI: 10.1016/s0196-9781(99)00138-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AR-M100613 ([I]-Dmt-c[-D-Orn-2-Nal-D-Pro-D-Ala-]) is the iodinated analog of a cyclic casomorphin previously shown to be a potent antagonist at the delta opioid receptor. Specific [125I]AR-M100613 binding to rat whole brain membranes was saturable, reversible, and best fit to a one-site model (Kd = 0.080 +/- 0.008 nM, Bmax = 45.2 +/- 4.4 fmol/mg protein). [125I]AR-M100613 binding was displaced with high affinity by the delta opioid receptor ligands SNC-80, Deltorphin II and DPDPE but not the mu or kappa-selective receptor ligands DAMGO and U69593. Residual non-selective binding of [125I]AR-M 100613 to mu opioid receptors is blocked by the addition of CTOP to the assay buffer. [35S]GTPgammaS binding assays indicate that AR-M100613 is a potent, selective, and reversible antagonist for delta opioid receptors in rat brain membranes. The high-affinity, high specific activity, low nonspecific binding and antagonist profile of [125I]AR-M100613 favor its use as a radiochemical probe for delta opioid receptors.
Collapse
|
96
|
Harwood TN, Butterworth J, Prielipp RC, Royster RL, Hansen K, Plonk G, Dean R. The safety and effectiveness of esmolol in the perioperative period in patients undergoing abdominal aortic surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 1999; 13:555-61. [PMID: 10527224 DOI: 10.1016/s1053-0770(99)90007-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine (1) if perioperative use of esmolol in major vascular surgery patients provides strict heart rate (HR) control, (2) what doses of esmolol are required to do this, and (3) does this control influence myocardial ischemia or result in adverse consequences. DESIGN Prospective study of 40 patients randomized to two groups: The HR was controlled to either less than 80 beats/min (group 80) or less than 110 beats/min (group 110) using esmolol. Patients were monitored continuously for electrocardiographic changes perioperatively. HR control began after induction of anesthesia and continued for 48 hours thereafter. SETTING Operating room and intensive care unit. PATIENTS Patients undergoing abdominal vascular surgery involving aortic cross-clamping. INTERVENTIONS Esmolol was titrated until the target HR was met. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS Only one patient demonstrated an adverse effect. The median infusion rates were 100 and 12.5 microg/kg/min for groups 80 and 110. Target HR was met less in group 80 than in group 110, primarily in the postoperative period. Ischemia patterns were not significantly different between groups. CONCLUSION Using esmolol for HR control in the intraoperative period for abdominal vascular surgery patients is effective and safe. HR control was much less effective in the postoperative period, but esmolol is safe when used at recommended doses. Further study with a larger number of patients is necessary to determine whether strict HR control with esmolol affects the incidence of myocardial ischemia or infarction in this patient population.
Collapse
|
97
|
Prielipp RC, Morell RC, Walker FO, Santos CC, Bennett J, Butterworth J. Ulnar nerve pressure: influence of arm position and relationship to somatosensory evoked potentials. Anesthesiology 1999; 91:345-54. [PMID: 10443595 DOI: 10.1097/00000542-199908000-00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the ulnar nerve is the most frequent site of perioperative neuropathy, the mechanism remains undefined. The ulnar nerve appears particularly susceptible to external pressure as it courses through the superficial condylar groove at the elbow, rendering it vulnerable to direct compression and ischemia However, there is disagreement among major anesthesia textbooks regarding optimal positioning of the arm during anesthesia. METHODS To determine which arm position (supination, neutral orientation, or pronation) minimizes external pressure applied to the ulnar nerve, we studied 50 awake, normal volunteers using a computerized pressure sensing mat. An additional group of 15 subjects was tested on an operating table with their arm in 30 degrees, 60 degrees, and 90 degrees of abduction, as well as in supination, neutral orientation, and pronation. To determine the onset of clinical paresthesia compared to the onset and severity of somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP) electrophysiologic changes, we studied a separate group of 16 male volunteers while applying intentional pressure directly to the ulnar nerve. Data are presented as mean (median; range). RESULTS Supination minimizes direct pressure over the ulnar nerve at the elbow (2 mmHg [0; 0-23]; n = 50), compared with both neutral forearm orientation (69 mmHg [22; 0-220]; P < 0.0001), as well as pronation (95 mmHg [61; 0-220]; P < 0.0001). Neutral forearm orientation also results in significantly less pressure over the ulnar nerve compared to pronation (P < or = 0.04). The estimated contact area of the ulnar nerve with the weight-bearing surface was significantly (P < 0.0001) smaller in the supine position (2.2 cm2 [0.5; 0-9]; n = 50) compared with both neutral orientation (5.5 cm2 [5.0; 0-13]) and pronation (5.8 cm2 [6; 0-12]). With the forearm in neutral orientation, ulnar nerve pressure decreased significantly (P < or = 0.01; n = 15) as the arm was abducted at the shoulder from 0 degrees to 90 degrees. In the 16 male subjects tested, notable alterations in ulnar nerve SSEP signals (decrease > or = 20% in N9-N9' amplitude) were detected in 15 of 16 awake males during application of intentional pressure to the ulnar nerve. However, eight of these subjects did not perceive a paresthesia, even as SSEP waveform amplitudes were decreasing 23-72%. Two of these eight subjects manifested severe decreases in SSEP amplitude (> or = 60%). CONCLUSIONS Extrapolating these results to the clinical setting, the supinated arm position is likely to minimize pressure over the ulnar nerve. With the forearm in neutral orientation, pressure over the ulnar nerve decreases as the arm is abducted between 30 degrees and 90 degrees. In addition, up to one half of male patients may fail to perceive or experience clinical symptoms of ulnar nerve compression sufficient to elicit SSEP changes.
Collapse
|
98
|
Butterworth J, James RL, Lin Y, Prielipp RC, Hudspeth AS. Pharmacokinetics of epsilon-aminocaproic acid in patients undergoing aortocoronary bypass surgery. Anesthesiology 1999; 90:1624-35. [PMID: 10360861 DOI: 10.1097/00000542-199906000-00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) is commonly infused during cardiac surgery using empiric dosing schemes. The authors developed a pharmacokinetic model for EACA elimination in surgical patients, tested whether adjustments for cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) would improve the model, and then used the model to develop an EACA dosing schedule that would yield nearly constant EACA blood concentrations. METHODS Consenting patients undergoing elective coronary artery surgery received one of two loading doses of EACA, 30 mg/kg (group I, n = 7) or 100 mg/kg (group II, n = 6) after CPB, or (group III) a 100 mg/kg loading dose before CPB and a 10 mg x kg(-1) x h(-1) maintenance infusion continued for 4 h during and after CPB (n = 7). Two patients with renal failure received EACA in the manner of group III. Blood concentrations of EACA, measured by high-performance liquid chromatography, were subjected to mixed-effects pharmacokinetic modeling. RESULTS The EACA concentration data were best fit by a model with two compartments and corrections for CPB. The elimination rate constant k10 fell from 0.011 before CPB to 0.0006 during CPB, returning to 0.011 after CPB. V1 increased 3.8 l with CPB and remained at that value thereafter. Cl1 varied from 0.08 l/min before CPB to 0.007 l/min during CPB and 0.13 l/min after CPB. Cl2 increased from 0.09 l/min before CPB to 0.14 l/min during and after CPB. Two patients with renal failure demonstrated markedly reduced clearance. Using their model, the authors predict that an EACA loading infusion of 50 mg/kg given over 20 min and a maintenance infusion of 25 mg x kg(-1) x h(-1) would maintain a nearly constant target concentration of 260 microg/ml. CONCLUSIONS EACA clearance declines and volume of distribution increases during CPB. The authors' model predicts that more stable perioperative EACA concentrations would be obtained with a smaller loading dose (50 mg/kg given over 20 min) and a more rapid maintenance infusion (25 mg x kg(-1) x h(-1)) than are typically employed.
Collapse
|
99
|
Meek EN, Butterworth J, Kon ND, Zvara DA, Ash GE, Martin TJ. Pituitary apoplexy following mitral valve repair. Anesthesiology 1998; 89:1580-2. [PMID: 9856739 DOI: 10.1097/00000542-199812000-00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
100
|
Butterworth J, Ririe DG, Thompson RB, Walker FO, Jackson D, James RL. Differential onset of median nerve block: randomized, double-blind comparison of mepivacaine and bupivacaine in healthy volunteers. Br J Anaesth 1998; 81:515-21. [PMID: 9924223 DOI: 10.1093/bja/81.4.515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We have compared the delay in onset of 1% mepivacaine and 0.33% bupivacaine in different nerve fibre types in 10 volunteers undergoing median nerve blocks, in a randomized, double-blind, crossover study. Hot, cold, pinprick and light touch sensations, compound motor action potentials (CMAP), sensory nerve action potentials (SNAP) and skin temperature were recorded at 2-min intervals. Hot, cold, pinprick, light touch sensations, SNAP and CMAP were significantly inhibited, and skin temperature was significantly increased after administration of both agents. The first noticeable reduction in cold sensation was detected later after bupivacaine compared with mepivacaine, but after a delay similar to that of other nerve functions. Bupivacaine and mepivacaine inhibited SNAP and CMAP with a similar time delay to steady-state. Bupivacaine produced steady-state inhibition of hot and cold sensations significantly later than mepivacaine; nevertheless, the sequence that sensory modalities failed, with few exceptions, and the extent of anaesthesia at 40 min were similar for both agents. Our technique provides a novel, multi-modal method of comparing local anaesthetics and related agents over time.
Collapse
|