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Veerakumar P, Tharini J, Ramakrishnan M, Panneer Muthuselvam I, Lin KC. Graphene Oxide Nanosheets as An Efficient and Reusable Sorbents for Eosin Yellow Dye Removal from Aqueous Solutions. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201700281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Huang TK, Chen BJ, Lin KC, Lin L, Sun BJ, Chang AHH. Cl2 Elimination in 248 nm Photolysis of (COCl)2 Probed with Cavity Ring-Down Absorption Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:2888-2895. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b12810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Chao MH, Lin YT, Dhenadhayalan N, Lee HL, Lee HY, Lin KC. 3D Probed Lipid Dynamics in Small Unilamellar Vesicles. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2017; 13:1603408. [PMID: 28092434 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201603408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Single-molecule fluorescence correlation spectroscopy overcomes the resolution barrier of optical microscopy (10≈-20 nm) and is utilized to look into lipid dynamics in small unilamellar vesicles (SUVs; diameter < 100 nm). The fluorescence trajectories of lipid-like tracer 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindodicarbocyanine (DiD) in the membrane bilayers are acquired at a single-molecule level. The autocorrelation analysis yields the kinetic information on lipid organization, oxygen transport, and lateral diffusion in SUVs' membrane. First, the isomerization feasibility may be restricted by the addition of cholesterols, which form structure conjugation with DiD chromophore. Second, the oxygen transport is prevented from the ultrasmall cluster and cholesterol-rich regions, whereas it can pass through the membrane region with liquid-disordered phase (Ld ) and defects. Third, by analyzing 2D spectra correlating the lipid diffusion coefficient and triplet-state lifetime, the heterogeneity in lipid bilayer can be precisely visualized such as lipid domain with different phases, the defects of lipid packing, and DiD-induced "bouquet" ultrasmall clusters.
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Srinivasan V, Jhonsi MA, Dhenadhayalan N, Lin KC, Jaccob M, Kathiravan A. AIE Nanodots Obtained from a Pyrene Schiff Base and Their Applications. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201601824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Veerakumar P, Dhenadhayalan N, Lin KC, Liu SB. Silver Nanoparticles Modified Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanosheets as a Significant Bifunctional Material for Practical Applications. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201601919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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56
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Kasai T, Lin KC. Coordinate Analysis for Interpreting the Decoherence in the Coherent NO with Ar Collision: A Physico-mathematical Picture Using the Stereographic Projection and the Cusp Catastrophe. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201600290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Dhenadhayalan N, Lee HL, Yadav K, Lin KC, Lin YT, Chang AHH. Silicon Quantum Dot-Based Fluorescence Turn-On Metal Ion Sensors in Live Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:23953-62. [PMID: 27541983 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b07789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sensor systems are designed by varying aza-crown ether moiety in silicon quantum dots (SiQDs) for detecting individual Mg(2+), Ca(2+), and Mn(2+) metal ions with significant selectivity and sensitivity. The detection limit of Mg(2+), Ca(2+), and Mn(2+) can reach 1.81, 3.15, and 0.47 μM, respectively. Upon excitation of the SiQDs which are coordinated with aza-crown ethers, the photoinduced electron transfer (PET) takes place from aza-crown ether moiety to the valence band of SiQDs core such that the reduced probability of electron-hole recombination may diminish the subsequent fluorescence. The fluorescence suppression caused by such PET effect will be relieved after selective metal ion is added. The charge-electron binding force between the metal ion and aza-crown ether hinders the PET and thereby restores the fluorescence of SiQDs. The design of sensor system is based on the fluorescence "turn-on" of SiQDs while in search of the appropriate metal ion. For practical application, the sensing capabilities of metal ions in the live cells are performed and the confocal image results reveal their promising applicability as an effective and nontoxic metal ion sensor.
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Nakamura M, Yang SJ, Tsai PY, Kasai T, Lin KC, Che DC, Lombardi A, Palazzetti F, Aquilanti V. Hexapole-Oriented Asymmetric-Top Molecules and Their Stereodirectional Photodissociation Dynamics. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:5389-98. [PMID: 27139246 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b02410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Molecular orientation is a fundamental requisite in the study of stereodirected dynamics of collisional and photoinitiated processes. In this past decade, variable hexapolar electric filters have been developed and employed for the rotational-state selection and the alignment of molecules of increasing complexity, for which the main difficulties are their mass, their low symmetry, and the very dense rotational manifold. In this work, for the first time, a complex molecule such as 2-bromobutane, an asymmetric top containing a heavy atom (the bromine), was successfully oriented by a weak homogeneous field placed downstream from the hexapolar filter. Efficiency of the orientation was characterized experimentally, by combining time-of-flight measurements and a slice-ion-imaging detection technique. The application is described to the photodissociation dynamics of the oriented 2-bromobutane, which was carried out at a laser wavelength of 234 nm, corresponding to the breaking of the C-Br bond. The Br photofragment is produced in both the ground Br ((2)P3/2) and the excited Br ((2)P1/2) electronic states, and both channels are studied by the slice imaging technique, revealing new features in the velocity and angular distributions with respect to previous investigations on nonoriented molecules.
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Lombardi A, Palazzetti F, Aquilanti V, Li HK, Tsai PY, Kasai T, Lin KC. Rovibrationally Excited Molecules on the Verge of a Triple Breakdown: Molecular and Roaming Mechanisms in the Photodecomposition of Methyl Formate. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:5155-62. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b00723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Lin KC. Regulation of nonadiabatic processes in the photolysis of some carbonyl compounds. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:6980-95. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp07012k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An energy scheme involving So → S1 excitation, followed by dissociation channels via diabatic coupling, internal conversion, transition state and roaming mechanisms.
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Nakamura M, Tsai PY, Kasai T, Lin KC, Palazzetti F, Lombardi A, Aquilanti V. Dynamical, spectroscopic and computational imaging of bond breaking in photodissociation: roaming and role of conical intersections. Faraday Discuss 2015; 177:77-98. [PMID: 25625792 DOI: 10.1039/c4fd00174e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Recent experimental and theoretical advances in the study of the dissociation of excited molecules are revealing unexpected mechanisms, when their outcomes are tackled by combining (i) space-time ion imaging of translational features, with (ii) spectroscopic probing of rotational and vibrational distributions; crucial is the assistance of (iii) the quantum chemistry of structural investigations of rearrangements of chemical bonds, and of (iv) the simulations of molecular dynamics to follow the evolution of selective bond stretching and breaking. Here we present results of such an integrated approach to methyl formate, HCOOCH3, the simplest of esters; the main focus is on the rotovibrationally excited CO (v=1) product and in general on the energy distribution in the fragments. Previous laser studies of dissociation into CO and CH3OH at a sequence of various wavelengths discovered signatures of a roaming mechanism by the late arrival of CO (v=0) products in time-of-flight ion imaging. Subsequent detailed investigations as a function of excitation energy provided the assessment of the threshold, which opens for triple breakdown into CO and further fragments H and CH3O, as spectroscopically characterized by ion imaging and FTIR respectively. Accompanying quantum mechanical electronic structure calculations and classical molecular dynamics simulations clarify the origin of these fragments through "roaming" pathways involving incipient radical intermediates at energies below the triple fragmentation threshold: a specific role is played by nonadiabatic transitions at a conical intersection between ground and excited states; alternative pathways focalize our attention to regions of the potential energy surfaces other than those in the neighbourhoods of saddle points along minimum energy paths: eventually this leads us to look for avenues in reaction kinetics beyond those of venerable transition state theories.
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Dhenadhayalan N, Lin KC. Chemically induced fluorescence switching of carbon-dots and its multiple logic gate implementation. Sci Rep 2015; 5:10012. [PMID: 25943914 PMCID: PMC4650751 DOI: 10.1038/srep10012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Investigations were carried out on the carbon-dots (C-dots) based fluorescent off - on (Fe(3 + )- S2O3(2-)) and on - off (Zn(2 + )- PO4(3-)) sensors for the detection of metal ions and anions. The sensor system exhibits excellent selectivity and sensitivity towards the detection of biologically important Fe(3 + ), Zn(2 + ) metal ions and S2O3(2-), PO4(3-) anions. It was found that the functional group on the C-dots surface plays crucial role in metal ions and anions detection. Inspired by the sensing results, we demonstrate C-dots based molecular logic gates operation using metal ions and anions as the chemical input. Herein, YES, NOT, OR, XOR and IMPLICATION (IMP) logic gates were constructed based on the selection of metal ions and anions as inputs. This carbon-dots sensor can be utilized as various logic gates at the molecular level and it will show better applicability for the next generation of molecular logic gates. Their promising properties of C-dots may open up a new paradigm for establishing the chemical logic gates via fluorescent chemosensors.
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Lin KC, Twu MJ, Deng RH, Liu CH. The Impacts of Contact Etch Stop Layer Thickness and Gate Height on Channel Stress in Strained N-Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors. JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 15:2673-2679. [PMID: 26353480 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2015.9834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The stress induced by strain in the channel of metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFET) is an effective method to boost the device performance. The geometric dimensions of spacer, gate height, and the contact etch stop layer (CESL) are important factors among the feasible booster. This study utilized the mismatch of the thermal expansion coefficients of stressors to simulate the process-induced stress in the N-MOSFET. Different temperatures are applied to different region of the device to generate the required strain. The analysis was performed by well-developed finite element package. The composite spacers with variant width of inserted silicon nitride (SiO2/SiN/SiO2, ONO) were proposed and their impacts on channel stress were compared. Two aspects of the impacts of those factors on the channel stress in the longitudinal direction for N-MOSFET with variant channel length were investigated. Firstly, the channel stresses of device without CESL for different gate heights were studied. Secondly, with stress applied to CESL and ONO spacers, the induced stresses in the channel were analyzed for long/short gate length. Two conclusions were drawn from the results of simulation. The N-MOSFET device without CESL shows that the stressed spacer alone generates compressive stress and the magnitude increases along with higher gate height. The channel stress becomes tensile for device with CESL and increases when the thickness of CESL and the height of gate increase, especially for device with shorter gate length. The gate height plays more significant role in inducing channel stress compared with the thickness of CESL. The channel stress can be used to quantify the mobility of electron/hole for strained MOSFET device. Therefore, with the guideline disclosed in this study, better device performance can be expected for N-MOSFET.
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Chen BJ, Tsai PY, Huang TK, Xia ZH, Lin KC, Chiou CJ, Sun BJ, Chang AHH. Characterization of molecular channel in photodissociation of SOCl2 at 248 nm: Cl2 probing by cavity ring-down absorption spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:7838-47. [PMID: 25715942 DOI: 10.1039/c4cp06043a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A primary elimination channel of the chlorine molecule in the one-photon dissociation of SOCl2 at 248 nm was investigated using cavity ring-down absorption spectroscopy (CRDS). By means of spectral simulation, the ratio of the vibrational population in the v = 0, 1, and 2 levels was evaluated to be 1 : (0.10 ± 0.02) : (0.009 ± 0.005), corresponding to a Boltzmann vibrational temperature of 340 ± 30 K. The Cl2 molecular channel was obtained with a quantum yield of 0.4 ± 0.2 from the X(1)A' ground state of SOCl2via internal conversion. The dissociation mechanism differs from a prior study where a smaller yield of <3% was obtained, initiated from the 2(1)A' excited state. Temperature-dependence measurements of the Cl2 fragment turn out to support our mechanism. With the aid of ab initio potential energy calculations, two dissociation routes to the molecular products were found, including one synchronous dissociation pathway via a three-center transition state (TS) and the other sequential dissociation pathway via a roaming-mediated isomerization TS. The latter mechanism with a lower energy barrier dominates the dissociation reaction.
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Li HK, Tsai PY, Hung KC, Kasai T, Lin KC. Communication: Photodissociation of CH3CHO at 308 nm: Observation of H-roaming, CH3-roaming, and transition state pathways together along the ground state surface. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:041101. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4906457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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66
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Lee HL, Dhenadhayalan N, Lin KC. Metal ion induced fluorescence resonance energy transfer between crown ether functionalized quantum dots and rhodamine B: selectivity of K+ ion. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra10925b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A ratiometric fluorescent metal ion sensor based on the mechanism of fluorescence resonance energy transfer between 15-crown-5-ether capped CdSe/ZnS quantum dots and 15-crown-5-ether attached rhodamine B.
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Tsai PY, Lin KC. Insight into photofragment vector correlation by a multi-center impulsive model. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:19592-601. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp03079j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A multi-center impulsive model has been recently developed to characterize the dynamic feature of fragment vector correlation in photodissociation of formaldehyde, H2CO → CO + H2, via both transition state and roaming pathways.
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Tsai PY, Li HK, Kasai T, Lin KC. Roaming as the dominant mechanism for molecular products in the photodissociation of large aliphatic aldehydes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:23112-20. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp03408f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photodissociation of isobutyraldehyde (C3H7CHO) at 248 nm is investigated using time-resolved Fourier-transform infrared emission spectroscopy to demonstrate the growing importance of the roaming pathway with increasing molecular size of aliphatic aldehydes.
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Chin HY, Lin KC, Chiang CH, Wang CJ. Single uroflow study as a tool in predicting the possibility of abnormal voiding symptoms after the administration of antimuscarinic agents in treating overactive bladder syndrome. CLIN EXP OBSTET GYN 2015; 42:152-155. [PMID: 26054108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF STUDY The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of uroflowmetry in predicting the possibility of abnormal voiding symptoms following antimuscarinic treatment for overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) in Taiwanese women. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective study was conducted on women with OAB. Forty-five women with abnormal voiding patterns shown by urodynamic study comprised the main group and 38 women with normal voiding patterns comprised the control group. All patients were prescribed two mg tolterodine once daily for one week. Follow-up on complaints of abnormal voiding symptoms was done one week later. RESULTS One woman in control group and 12 women in main group complained of abnormal voiding symptoms. There was a significant difference in the occurrence of abnormal voiding symptoms after antimuscarinic administration between main study group and control group (26.7 % vs 2.6 %, p = 0.02). CONCLUSIOn: Uroflowmetry is a non-invasive and simple tool to predict the occurrence of abnormal voiding symptoms after antimuscarinic use.
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Dhoke K, Zanni M, Harbola U, Venkatraman RK, Arunan E, Lin KC, Nenov A, Skelton J, Miller RJD, Hirst JD, Aquilanti V, Helliwell JR, Keshavamurthy S, Ramesh S, Ashfold M, Pallipurath A, Roy Chowdhury P, Mukhopadhyay S, E D J, Medhi H, Goswami D, Halder P, Junge W, Hariharan M, Singh SK, Umapathy S, Lakshmannam A, Meedom Nielsen M, Aravamudhan S, Deckert V, Ghiggino K, Tominaga K, Edwards A. Dynamics of chemical bond: general discussion. Faraday Discuss 2015; 177:121-54. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fd90016f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Tsai PY, Lin KC. Insight into the Photodissociation Dynamical Feature of Conventional Transition State and Roaming Pathways by an Impulsive Model. J Phys Chem A 2014; 119:29-38. [DOI: 10.1021/jp511000t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Lin KC, Tsai PY. Molecular halogen elimination from halogen-containing compounds in the atmosphere. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:7184-98. [PMID: 24622955 DOI: 10.1039/c3cp54828g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Atmospheric halogen chemistry has drawn much attention, because the halogen atom (X) playing a catalytic role may cause severe stratospheric ozone depletion. Atomic X elimination from X-containing hydrocarbons is recognized as the major primary dissociation process upon UV-light irradiation, whereas direct elimination of the X2 product has been seldom discussed or remained a controversial issue. This account is intended to review the detection of X2 primary products using cavity ring-down absorption spectroscopy in the photolysis at 248 nm of a variety of X-containing compounds, focusing on bromomethanes (CH2Br2, CF2Br2, CHBr2Cl, and CHBr3), dibromoethanes (1,1-C2H4Br2 and 1,2-C2H4Br2) and dibromoethylenes (1,1-C2H2Br2 and 1,2-C2H2Br2), diiodomethane (CH2I2), thionyl chloride (SOCl2), and sulfuryl chloride (SO2Cl2), along with a brief discussion on acyl bromides (BrCOCOBr and CH2BrCOBr). The optical spectra, quantum yields, and vibrational population distributions of the X2 fragments have been characterized, especially for Br2 and I2. With the aid of ab initio calculations of potential energies and rate constants, the detailed photodissociation mechanisms may be comprehended. Such studies are fundamentally important to gain insight into the dissociation dynamics and may also practically help to assess the halogen-related environmental variation.
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Yao YJ, Lin KC. DNA interaction probed by evanescent wave cavity ring-down absorption spectroscopy via functionalized gold nanoparticles. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 820:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Hung KC, Tsai PY, Li HK, Lin KC. Photodissociation of CH3CHO at 248 nm by time-resolved Fourier-transform infrared emission spectroscopy: Verification of roaming and triple fragmentation. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:064313. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4862266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Tsai PY, Hung KC, Li HK, Lin KC. Photodissociation of Propionaldehyde at 248 nm: Roaming Pathway as an Increasingly Important Role in Large Aliphatic Aldehydes. J Phys Chem Lett 2014; 5:190-195. [PMID: 26276201 DOI: 10.1021/jz402329g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Time-resolved Fourier transform infrared emission spectroscopy is employed in the photolysis of propionaldehyde (CH3CH2CHO) at 248 nm to characterize the role of the roaming pathway. High-resolution spectra of CO are analyzed to yield a single Boltzmann rotational distribution for each vibrational level (ν = 1-4) with small rotational and large vibrational energy disposals. A roaming saddle point is found containing two far separated moieties of HCO and CH3CH2 with a weak interaction between them. Quasiclassical trajectory calculations on this configuration yield the CO energy flow behavior, consistent with the findings. The rate constant along the roaming pathway is evaluated to be larger by >1-2 orders of magnitude than those along tight transition state or three-body dissociation pathways. This work implies that the roaming mechanism plays an increasingly important role in aliphatic aldehydes as the molecular size becomes larger.
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Tsai PY, Chao MH, Kasai T, Lin KC, Lombardi A, Palazzetti F, Aquilanti V. Roads leading to roam. Role of triple fragmentation and of conical intersections in photochemical reactions: experiments and theory on methyl formate. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:2854-65. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp53792g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Huber B, Drewes JE, Lin KC, König R, Müller E. Revealing biogenic sulfuric acid corrosion in sludge digesters: detection of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria within full-scale digesters. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2014; 70:1405-1411. [PMID: 25353947 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2014.371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Biogenic sulfuric acid corrosion (BSA) is a costly problem affecting both sewerage infrastructure and sludge handling facilities such as digesters. The aim of this study was to verify BSA in full-scale digesters by identifying the microorganisms involved in the concrete corrosion process, that is, sulfate-reducing (SRB) and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB). To investigate the SRB and SOB communities, digester sludge and biofilm samples were collected. SRB diversity within digester sludge was studied by applying polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) targeting the dsrB-gene (dissimilatory sulfite reductase beta subunit). To reveal SOB diversity, cultivation dependent and independent techniques were applied. The SRB diversity studies revealed different uncultured SRB, confirming SRB activity and H2S production. Comparable DGGE profiles were obtained from the different sludges, demonstrating the presence of similar SRB species. By cultivation, three pure SOB strains from the digester headspace were obtained including Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans, Thiomonas intermedia and Thiomonas perometabolis. These organisms were also detected with PCR-DGGE in addition to two new SOB: Thiobacillus thioparus and Paracoccus solventivorans. The SRB and SOB responsible for BSA were identified within five different digesters, demonstrating that BSA is a problem occurring not only in sewer systems but also in sludge digesters. In addition, the presence of different SOB species was successfully associated with the progression of microbial corrosion.
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Kasai T, Che DC, Okada M, Tsai PY, Lin KC, Palazzetti F, Aquilanti V. Directions of chemical change: experimental characterization of the stereodynamics of photodissociation and reactive processes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:9776-90. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp00464g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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79
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Huang JS, Lin KC. Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy of Liquid Droplets Based on Plasma-induced Current Correlation. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201300497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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80
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Raut NM, Huang LS, Aggarwal SK, Lin KC. Mathematical Correction for Polyatomic Isobaric Spectral Interferences in Determination of Lanthanides by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.200500087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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81
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Lin KC, Duh YS, Sheu TC, Hsu TJ. Application of Dual Laser Ionization to Trace Analysis of Sodium in A Flame. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.198800026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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82
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Hsiao TC, Luo YL, Lin KC, Luh WT. Laser Spectroscopy on the MgH A2Π - X2Σ+Band System. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.199000065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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84
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Lin KC. Dynamics and Kinetics of Metal Atoms in the Gas Phase. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.199200085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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85
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Ke CB, Lu SI, Lin KC. Application of Laser-Enhanced Ionization Spectroscopy: Effect of Dissociation Constant on the Atomization Efficiency Determination in an Acetylene-Air Flame. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.200100143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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86
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Liu DK, Lin KC. Nascent Rotational Distributions of MgH in Reaction of Mg(4s1S0) with H2and HD. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.199700071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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87
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Ke CB, Lin KC. Matrix Effect of Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metal Halides on Fluorescence Quantum Yield of Indium in Laser-Induced Fluorescence Flame Spectrometry. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.200200075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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88
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Liu DK, Chin TL, Ou YR, Huang CT, Lin KC. Reaction Dynamics of Mg(3s3p1P1) with H2. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.199500040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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89
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Chao MS, Tornero J, Lin KC, Stolte S, González Ureña A. Decoherence cross-section in NO + Ar collisions: experimental results and a simple model. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:8119-25. [PMID: 23556513 DOI: 10.1021/jp401005v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Quantum decoherence can be viewed as the mechanism responsible for the quantum-to-classical transition as the initially prepared quantum state interacts with its environment in an irreversible manner. One of the most common mechanisms responsible for the macroscopically observed decoherence involves collisions of an atom or molecule, initially prepared in a coherent superposition of states, with gas particles. In this work, a coherent superposition of quantum internal states of NO molecules is prepared by the interaction between the molecule with both a static and a radiofrequency electric field. Subsequently, NO + Ar collision decoherence experiments are investigated by measuring the loss of coherence as a function of the number of collisions. Data analysis using a model based on the interaction potential of the collisional partners allowed to unravel the molecular mechanism responsible for the loss of coherence in the prepared NO quantum superposition of internal states. The relevance of the present work relies on several aspects. On the one hand, the use of radio-waves introduces a new way for the production of coherent beams. On the other hand, the employed methodology could be useful in investigating the Stereodynamics of chemical reactions with coherent reagents.
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90
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Nakamura M, Che DC, Tsai PY, Lin KC, Kasai T. Alignment selection of the metastable CO(a 3Π1) molecule and the steric effect in the aligned CO(a 3Π1) + NO collision. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:8157-62. [PMID: 23829701 DOI: 10.1021/jp401784k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aligned metastable CO(a (3)Π1) molecular beam was generated by an electronic excitation through the Cameron band (CO a (3)Π1 ← X (1)Σ(+)) transition. Beam characterization of the aligned molecular beam of CO(a (3)Π1) was carried out by (1 + 1) REMPI detection via the b (3)Σ(+) state. The REMPI signals showed the clear dependence on the polarization of the pump laser, and the experimental result was well reproduced by the theoretical simulation. This agreement confirms that aligned metastable CO(a (3)Π1) can be generated and controlled by rotating polarization of the pump laser. By using this technique, a single quantum state of CO(a (3)Π1) can be selected as a metastable molecular beam. The steric effect in the energy-transfer collision of CO(a (3)Π1) with NO forming the excited NO was carried out with this aligned CO(a (3)Π1) molecular beam. We find that the sideways orientation of CO(a (3)Π1) is more favorable in the formation of the excited NO(A (2)Σ(+), B (2)Π) than that for the axial collisions. The obtained steric effect was discussed with the aid of the spatial distribution of CO(a (3)Π1) molecular orbitals, and we find that specific rotational motion of CO(a (3)Π1) in each state may not be a dominant factor in this energy-transfer collision.
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91
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Tsai PY, Lin KC. Note: Photodissociation of CH3COCN at 308 nm by time-resolved Fourier-transform infrared emission spectroscopy: is CO a primary or secondary product? J Chem Phys 2013; 138:246102. [PMID: 23822283 DOI: 10.1063/1.4812378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This Note aims to clarify the source of CO in photodissociation of acetyl cyanide (CH3COCN) at 308 nm. From the theoretical aspects, a new pathway via isomerization transition state (TS) at 391 ± 8 kJ∕mol is found leading to the CO + CH3NC products. An amount of 60% reactant molecules at 300 K is estimated to successfully surpass the average TS barrier lying above the excitation energy by 3.5 kJ∕mol. Further, a prior distribution method is conducted to characterize the vibrational energy distribution of CO on a statistical basis. The pathway to CH3NC + CO yields a vibrational branching ratio (v = 0:v = 1:v = 2:v = 3∼0.63:0.25:0.093:0.032) in excellent agreement with the observation (0.62:0.25:0.09:0.05).
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92
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Hsu MY, Tsai PY, Wei ZR, Chao MH, Zhang B, Kasai T, Lin KC. Competitive bond rupture in the photodissociation of bromoacetyl chloride and 2- and 3-bromopropionyl chloride: adiabatic versus diabatic dissociation. Chemphyschem 2013; 14:936-45. [PMID: 23400968 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201200957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Competitive bond dissociation mechanisms for bromoacetyl chloride and 2- and 3-bromopropionyl chloride following the (1) [n(O)→π*(C=O)] transition at 234-235 nm are investigated. Branching ratios for C−Br/C−Cl bond fission are found by using the (2+1) resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) technique coupled with velocity ion imaging. The fragment branching ratios depend mainly on the dissociation pathways and the distances between the orbitals of Br and the C=O chromophore. C−Cl bond fission is anticipated to follow an adiabatic potential surface for a strong diabatic coupling between the n(O)π*(C=O) and np (Cl)σ*(C−Cl) bands. In contrast, C−Br bond fission is subject to much weaker coupling between n(O)π*(C=O) and np (Br)σ*(C−Br). Thus, a diabatic pathway is preferred for bromoacetyl chloride and 2-bromopropionyl chloride, which leads to excited-state products. For 3-bromopropionyl chloride, the available energy is not high enough to reach the excited-state products such that C−Br bond fission must proceed through an adiabatic pathway with severe suppression by nonadiabatic coupling. The fragment translational energies and anisotropy parameters for the three molecules are also analyzed and appropriately interpreted.
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93
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Chen YC, Dong GH, Lin KC, Lee YL. Gender difference of childhood overweight and obesity in predicting the risk of incident asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2013; 14:222-31. [PMID: 23145849 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-789x.2012.01055.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2011] [Revised: 08/29/2012] [Accepted: 09/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aims of our meta-analysis were (i) to quantify the predictability of childhood overweight and obesity on the risk of incident asthma; and (ii) to evaluate the gender difference on this relationship. The selection criteria included prospective cohort paediatric studies which use age- and sex-specific body mass index (BMI) as a measure of childhood overweight and the primary outcome of incident asthma. A total of 1,027 studies were initially identified through online database searches, and finally 6 studies met the inclusion criteria. The combined result of reported relative risk from the 6 included studies revealed that overweight children conferred increased risks of incident asthma as compared with non-overweight children (relative risk, 1.19; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-1.37). The relationship was further elevated for obesity vs. non-obesity (relative risk, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.16-3.50). A dose-responsiveness of elevated BMI on asthma incidence was observed (P for trend, 0.004). Obese boys had a significantly larger effect than obese girls (relative risk, boys: 2.47; 95% CI, 1.57-3.87; girls: 1.25; 95% CI, 0.51-3.03), with significant dose-dependent effect. Proposed mechanisms of gender difference could be through pulmonary mechanics, sleep disordered breathing and leptin. Further research might be needed to better understand the exact mechanism of gender difference on the obesity-asthma relationship.
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94
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Chang YP, Tsai PY, Lee HL, Lin KC. Interfacial Electron Transfer from CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dots to TiO2Nanoparticles: Linker Dependence at Single Molecule Level. ELECTROANAL 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201200618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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95
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Hu EL, Tsai PY, Fan H, Lin KC. Photodissociation of gaseous CH3COSH at 248 nm by time-resolved Fourier-transform infrared emission spectroscopy: Observation of three dissociation channels. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:014302. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4768872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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96
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Fan H, Tsai PY, Lin KC, Lin CW, Yan CY, Yang SW, Chang AHH. Molecular elimination of Br2 in photodissociation of CH2BrC(O)Br at 248 nm using cavity ring-down absorption spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:214304. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4767346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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97
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Chang CL, Tsai PY, Chang YP, Lin KC. Interfacial Electron Transfer from CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dots to TiO2 Nanoparticles: Size Dependence at the Single-Molecule Level. Chemphyschem 2012; 13:2711-20. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201200037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2012] [Revised: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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98
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Kasai T, Che DC, Tsai PY, Lin KC. Reaction Dynamics with Molecular Beams and Oriented Molecular Beams: A Tool for Looking Closer to Chemical Reactions and Photodissociations. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201100735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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99
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Yeh YY, Chao MH, Tsai PY, Chang YB, Tsai MT, Lin KC. Gas-phase photodissociation of CH3COCN at 308 nm by time-resolved Fourier-transform infrared emission spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:044302. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3674166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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100
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Tsai PY, Lin KC. Rotational Energy Transfer of SH(X2Π, v′′=0, J′′=0.5-10.5) by Collision with Ar: Λ-Doublet Resolved Transition Propensity. Chemphyschem 2012; 13:274-80. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201100604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2011] [Revised: 09/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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