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Murai K, Yamazaki H, Nakagawa K, Kawai R, Kamataki T. Deactivation of anti-cancer drug letrozole to a carbinol metabolite by polymorphic cytochrome P450 2A6 in human liver microsomes. Xenobiotica 2009; 39:795-802. [DOI: 10.3109/00498250903171395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Murai K, Yamazaki H, Nakagawa K, Kawai R, Kamataki T. Deactivation of anti-cancer drug letrozole to a carbinol metabolite by polymorphic cytochrome P450 2A6 in human liver microsomes. Xenobiotica 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/00498250903171395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kawabata Y, Hoshi E, Murai K, Ikeya T, Takahashi N, Saitou Y, Kurashima K, Ubukata M, Takayanagi N, Sugita H, Kanauchi S, Colby TV. Smoking-related changes in the background lung of specimens resected for lung cancer: a semiquantitative study with correlation to postoperative course. Histopathology 2009; 53:707-14. [PMID: 19102010 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2008.03183.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To assess the pathological findings in lobectomy specimens, to correlate them with smoking history and postoperative course and to compare the findings with those in smoking-related interstitial lung disease. METHODS AND RESULTS Patients who had undergone lobectomy for lung cancer were reviewed. Subjects included 230 non-smokers and 587 smokers, of whom 572 had a known smoking index (SI). They were classified into mild, moderate and heavy smokers. Centrilobular emphysema (CLE), respiratory bronchiolitis, airspace enlargement with fibrosis (AEF), the presence of foci resembling usual interstitial pneumonia pattern (UIP/P) and the rate of postoperative respiratory failure were assessed. The incidence of AEF was 6.5% in mild smokers, and 17.7% in moderate smokers (P < 0.01) with lower lobe predominance. There were significant correlations (P < 0.01) between AEF and CLE and AEF and UIP/P. The rate of respiratory failure after lobectomy was 6%, and 10% in patients having UIP/P with or without AEF, but was not seen in patients with AEF alone (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS AEF is an important smoking-related change in the lung that appears to correlate with the smoking history, and its distinction from UIP/P may be important.
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Moriga T, Ishida K, Yamamoto K, Yoshinari A, Murai K. Structure of homologous series Zn k(In,Ga) 2O k+3of as thermoelectric materials. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s010876730808519x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Murai K, Suzuki D, Kirishima D, Moriga T. Properties and local structure analysis of N or Nb doped TiO 2. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767308084900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Murai K, Okano M, Kuramitz H, Hata N, Kawakami T, Taguchi S. Investigation of formaldehyde pollution of tap water and rain water using a novel visual colorimetry. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2008; 58:1055-1060. [PMID: 18824804 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2008.470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The pollution of tap water and rain water with formaldehyde in Toyama Pref., Japan was investigated by means of a simple, rapid and cost-effective visual colorimetry developed by us. The levels of formaldehyde in three tap waters from different sources of dams on mountainside and a well-water pumped in urban area in Toyama Pref. were lower than 0.01 mg L(-1) that was the detection limit of the colorimetry. On the other hand, rain waters were seriously polluted with formaldehyde. Rain waters were sampled from three different sites (urban area, top of hill and industrial area) in Toyama Pref. from autumn to winter in 2006. The levels of formaldehyde in the rain waters ranged from 0.07 to 0.30 mg L(-1). The analytical results by the visual colorimetry were in good agreement with those obtained by GC-MS method. It was confirmed that the colorimetry is excellent for practical use for the determination of formaldehyde. It must be concerned about the pollution of rainwater with formaldehyde, when rain water is applied for tap water and miscellaneous purpose.
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Suematsu H, Nishimura S, Murai K, Hayashi Y, Suzuki T, Nakayama T, Jiang W, Yamazaki A, Seki K, Niihara K. Pulsed wire discharge apparatus for mass production of copper nanopowders. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2007; 78:056105. [PMID: 17552867 DOI: 10.1063/1.2721419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
A pulsed wire discharge (PWD) apparatus for the mass production of nanopowders has been developed. The apparatus has a continuous wire feeder, which is operated in synchronization with a discharging circuit. The apparatus is designed for operation at a maximum repetition rate of 1.4 Hz at a stored energy of 160 J. In the present study, Cu nanopowder was synthesized using the PWD apparatus and the performance of the apparatus was examined. Cu nanopowder of 2.0 g quantity was prepared in N(2) gas at 100 kPa for 90 s. The particle size distribution of the Cu nanopowder was analyzed by transmission electron microscopy and the mean surface diameter was determined to be 65 nm. The ratio of the production mass of the powder to input energy was 362 g/kW h.
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Hamamoto R, Seko H, Kamimura R, Yamada K, Murai K, Kamihira M, Iijima S. Growth induction of rat primary hepatocytes using antisense oligonucleotides. J Biosci Bioeng 2005; 88:310-5. [PMID: 16232617 DOI: 10.1016/s1389-1723(00)80015-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/1999] [Accepted: 06/18/1999] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We examined growth control of adult and fetal hepatocytes by regulating the expression of cell-cycle-related proteins using antisense S-oligonucleotides to tumor suppressors retinoblastoma (RB) protein and p53, and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors p21 and p27. The protein expression in both adult and fetal hepatocytes was significantly suppressed with the addition of corresponding antisense oligonucleotides at a concentration of 2.5 microM. For the evaluation of growth, 3H-thymidine incorporation and DNA content were measured and the results demonstrated that all the antisense oligonucleotides had growth-promoting effects and the promoting potential was equivalent or slightly greater than that with the addition of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) (10 ng/ml). The growth-promoting effect of the antisense oligonucleotides was enhanced by HGF in both adult and fetal hepatocyte cultures, and the effects on hepatocyte growth were also observed in a suspension culture.
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Nakazawa K, Yamamoto M, Murai K, Ishikawa S, Uchida T, Makita K. Delayed Emergence from Anesthesia Resulting from Cerebellar Hemorrhage During Cervical Spine Surgery. Anesth Analg 2005; 100:1470-1471. [PMID: 15845708 DOI: 10.1213/01.ane.0000148120.33694.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Cerebellar hemorrhage is an unpredictable complication of spinal surgery. We encountered a case of cerebellar hemorrhage presenting with delayed emergence from anesthesia and hemiplegia after resection of an intradural extramedullar tumor from the cervical spine. Postoperative brain computed tomography revealed hematoma in the cerebellar vermis and right cerebellar hemisphere. The patient made a gradual recovery with conservative treatment. Although the mechanism of cerebellar hemorrhage remains speculative, loss of cerebrospinal fluid may play an important role. Cerebellar hemorrhage must therefore be considered in patients with unexplained neurological deterioration or disturbance on emergence from anesthesia after spinal surgery.
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Oyake T, Ito S, Kowata S, Sugawara T, Murai K, Ishida Y. P-85 Myelodysplastic syndrome with bone marrow hypoplasia is associated with much higher frequency of apoptosis in CD34+ cells. Leuk Res 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(05)80149-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Yokoyama T, Murai K, Murozuka T, Wakisaka A, Tanifuji M, Fujii N, Tomono T. Removal of small non-enveloped viruses by nanofiltration. Vox Sang 2004; 86:225-9. [PMID: 15144526 DOI: 10.1111/j.0042-9007.2004.00515.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Nanofiltration is one of the most effective virus reduction methods in the manufacturing process of plasma products. However, it is difficult to remove small viruses from high molecular weight protein preparations like immunoglobulin G or factor VIII complex by nanofiltration, because the size of the protein is similar to that of viruses. In order to separate the viruses from these proteins by nanofiltration, it is necessary to change the size of either one. In this study, we report that such non-enveloped viruses as human parvovirus B19 (B19), human encephalomyocarditis virus (EMC) or porcine parvovirus (PPV) aggregate in the presence of certain kinds of amino acids and could be easily removed by nanofiltration. MATERIALS AND METHODS 0.3 M Glycine (or other amino acid) solution spiked with viruses was subjected to dead-end single filtration with a 35-nm pore-size filter. Virus removal by nanofiltration was either evaluated by PCR or by infectivity assay. RESULTS B19 in a 0.3 M glycine solution was reduced to 1:10(7.5) (7.5-log) by nanofiltration with a 35-nm pore-sized filter, whereas in PBS it was not reduced. Similarly, B19 was also reduced when suspended in other amino acids solutions. This effect was also confirmed with the other small non-enveloped viruses EMC or PPV. When 5% globulin or 5% albumin was added to a 0.3 M glycine solution, the removal rate was decreased. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that viruses in the presence of certain kinds of amino acids could be aggregated and effectively removed by a filter that has a pore size larger than the size of the viruses.
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Kuroki M, Okayama A, Nakamura S, Sasaki T, Murai K, Shiba R, Shinohara M, Tsubouchi H. Detection of maternal-fetal microchimerism in the inflammatory lesions of patients with Sjögren's syndrome. Ann Rheum Dis 2002; 61:1041-6. [PMID: 12429532 PMCID: PMC1753956 DOI: 10.1136/ard.61.12.1041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A possible relation between maternal-fetal microchimerism and autoimmune diseases with some similarities to chronic graft versus host disease (cGVHD) has been reported. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether cells with male DNA exist in female patients with Sjögren's syndrome (SS) as SS has clinical features similar to those of cGVHD. METHODS DNA was extracted from 27 samples of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), 42 biopsy samples of labial salivary glands (LSG), and nine samples of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cells from 56 female patients with SS. The presence of male DNA was determined by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and by fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH). RESULTS Among 56 female patients with SS, 42 patients had at least one male child. Among those 42 patients, none of the 22 PBMC but 10/28 (36%) LSG samples tested positive by PCR for the Y chromosome-specific sequence (p=0.0013). The Y chromosome-specific sequence was not detected in the samples of LSG in 10 patients without SS. In the BALF samples 2/9 (22%) patients with SS tested positive by PCR. Cells containing the Y chromosome were shown to exist in all the LSG specimens from three female patients with SS by FISH. CONCLUSIONS Maternal-fetal microchimerism was shown for the first time to exist in the salivary glands and lungs of female patients with SS in this study. The presence of non-host cells in the inflammatory lesions but not in the peripheral blood suggests a possible role for maternal-fetal microchimerism in the pathogenesis of SS.
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Hochstein FA, von Wittenau MS, Tanner FW, Murai K. 2-Acetyl-2-decarboxamidoöxytetracycline. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja01507a034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Stephens CR, Murai K, Brunings KJ, Woodward RB. Acidity Constants of the Tetracycline Antibiotics. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja01597a081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ogihara Y, Isono K, Kojima T, Endo A, Hanaoka M, Shiina T, Terachi T, Utsugi S, Murata M, Mori N, Takumi S, Ikeo K, Gojobori T, Murai R, Murai K, Matsuoka Y, Ohnishi Y, Tajiri H, Tsunewaki K. Structural features of a wheat plastome as revealed by complete sequencing of chloroplast DNA. Mol Genet Genomics 2002; 266:740-6. [PMID: 11810247 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-001-0606-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2001] [Accepted: 10/15/2001] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Structural features of the wheat plastome were clarified by comparison of the complete sequence of wheat chloroplast DNA with those of rice and maize chloroplast genomes. The wheat plastome consists of a 134,545-bp circular molecule with 20,703-bp inverted repeats and the same gene content as the rice and maize plastomes. However, some structural divergence was found even in the coding regions of genes. These alterations are due to illegitimate recombination between two short direct repeats and/or replication slippage. Overall comparison of chloroplast DNAs among the three cereals indicated the presence of some hot-spot regions for length mutations. Whereas the region with clustered tRNA genes and that downstream of rbcL showed divergence in a species-specific manner, the deletion patterns of ORFs in the inverted-repeat regions and the borders between the inverted repeats and the small single-copy region support the notion that wheat and rice are related more closely to each other than to maize.
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Tsunewaki K, Murai K, Ohta S, Wang GZ. Plasmon Analysis Provides a Critical Clue to Correct Classification of a Plant Taxon. A Case of the Goat Grass Genus, Aegilops. CYTOLOGIA 2002. [DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.67.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Yamada S, Kitagawa S, Chikaraishi H, Murai K, Mizuno Y, Saito F, Hayakawa A, Sawamura H, Ise T, Sato Y, Kaneko O, Nakamura Y, Satow T, Motojima O. Stabilization of power system for large-scaled experimental fusion facility. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0920-3796(01)00285-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Kojima T, Murai K, Naruse Y, Takahashi N, Mori N. Cell-type non-selective transcription of mouse and human genes encoding neural-restrictive silencer factor. BRAIN RESEARCH. MOLECULAR BRAIN RESEARCH 2001; 90:174-86. [PMID: 11406295 DOI: 10.1016/s0169-328x(01)00107-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Neural-restrictive silencer (NRS) has been identified in at least twenty neuron-specific genes, and its nuclear DNA-binding factor, NRSF (also known as RE1-silencing transcription factor (REST)), has been cloned from human and rat, and was shown to repress transcription by recruiting corepressors mSin3 and/or CoREST via its N- and C-terminal domains, leading to chromatin reorganization by mSin3-associated histone deacetylase, HDAC. However, it is largely unknown how NRSF gene expression is regulated. To elucidate the mechanisms for gene expression of NRSF, we isolated the transcriptional unit of the NRSF gene from mouse and human, identified three 5'-non-coding exons in addition to three coding exons, determined transcription start sites, and identified two basal promoter activities in the upstream of the first two non-coding exons. Both promoters functioned equally in neuronal and non-neuronal cells, suggesting that levels of initial transcripts of NRSF gene are similar in neuronal and non-neuronal cells. These results suggest that the level of NRSF gene expression is not determined by transcription per se, and rather is modulated at the post-transcriptional level, e.g. splicing, mRNA stability, and/or post-translational modifications, in a cell-specific manner. Consistent with this idea, NRSF protein was apparently present even in neuronal cells and tissues, but was unable to bind to the NRS element, suggesting that NRSF is regulated at least in part post-translationally.
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Okamoto M, Murai K, Okayama A, Sekiya R, Kataoka H, Iino H, Tsuneoka H, Tsukahara M, Tsubouchi H. [An adult case of systemic cat-scratch disease with hepatosplenic involvement]. KANSENSHOGAKU ZASSHI. THE JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE ASSOCIATION FOR INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2001; 75:499-503. [PMID: 11494569 DOI: 10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.75.499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A previously healthy 25-year-old female was admitted to our hospital in November, 1997, for treatment of a spike-fever of 2 weeks' duration. She had a cat in her house but reported no history of cat bites or scratches. No peripheral lymphadenopathy was detected. White blood cell count was within normal limits, but an increased C-reactive protein level of 11.4 mg/dl was noted. Infectious disease was suspected but ruled out as blood cultures were negative. Empiric therapy with clarithromyoin, isoniazid, and rifampicin was ineffective. In January, 1998, abdominal ultrasonogram revealed multiple hypoechoic mass lesions in the spleen and liver, and a splenectomy was performed in March. Histopathologic examination showed numerous necrotizing and caseating granulomas, which tested positive for Bartonella henselae DNA by PCR. Furthermore, the patient tested positive for B. henselae antibody by immunofluorescence assay. A diagnosis of systemic cat-scratch disease with hepatospnenic involvement was made. Combination therapy with minocycline, sulbactam/cefoperazone, and tosufloxacin was administered and her inflammatory findings improved gradually. We report an adult case of systemic cat-scratch disease with liver and spleen involvement in the non-immunocompromised host.
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Nakasato T, Sasaki M, Ehara S, Tamakawa Y, Muranaka K, Yamamoto T, Chiba H, Ishida T, Murai K. Virtual CT endoscopy of ossicles in the middle ear. Clin Imaging 2001; 25:171-7. [PMID: 11679223 DOI: 10.1016/s0899-7071(01)00260-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to evaluate how virtual computed tomography (CT) endoscopy may help in assessing ossicles in the middle ear. Our series consisted of 96 ears of 68 consecutive patients with conducting hearing loss. All examinations were performed with a high-resolution spiral CT using axial and direct coronal planes of the temporal bone. Perspective virtual endoscopy was processed using the virtual endoscopic software. Superstructure of the stapes was difficult to evaluate on the virtual endoscopy; however, virtual endoscopy of the middle ear provides further information on the pathological conditions including congenital anomaly, posttraumatic, and inflammatory processes.
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Honda S, Taniguchi A, Murai K, Kuzuhara S. Cerebral atrophy and convulsive seizures after recovery from cerebral edema and coma in a patient with fulminant hepatitis B. Intern Med 2001; 40:255-8. [PMID: 11310495 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.40.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a 48-year-old woman who developed convulsive seizures and cerebral atrophy after recovery from fulminant hepatitis B with coma and cerebral edema at the acute stage. Neurological disturbances and cerebral signs are rare sequelae of fulminant hepatic failure (FHF); only a few cases have reported in the literature. Cortical laminar necrosis secondary to cerebral edema or delayed neuronal death due to toxic substances may have caused delayed brain atrophy and epileptogenesis.
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Ito S, Ishida Y, Murai K, Kuriya S. Flow cytometric analysis of aberrant antigen expression of blasts using CD45 blast gating for minimal residual disease in acute leukemia and high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome. Leuk Res 2001; 25:205-11. [PMID: 11226515 DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(00)00127-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the availability of quantification of blasts with aberrant antigen expression (AAE) using CD45 gating for minimal residual disease (MRD), 15 patients with acute leukemia (AL) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) were studied. In patients with complete remission (CR), the frequency of blasts with AAE (%AAE) by CD45/side scatter (SSC) gating was significantly higher than that by the traditional forward scatter (FSC)/SSC combination (median, 4.1 vs. 0.3%, P<0.0001). We also demonstrated two representative cases, in which leukemia relapse could be predicted before 3 weeks and the early treatment for MRD could be performed for MRD after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). These results indicate that this procedure is very useful for the evaluation of the quality of CR.
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Yoshiasa A, Nakajima K, Murai K, Okube M. Anharmonic effective pair potentials in CaTiO3, SrTiO3 and CaGeO3 perovskite. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2001; 8:940-942. [PMID: 11512986 DOI: 10.1107/s0909049500020689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2000] [Accepted: 12/19/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The temperature dependence of EXAFS Debye-Waller factors in CaTiO3, SrTiO3 and CaGeO3 perovskite was investigated with the cumulant expansion method. The CaGeO3 perovskite as an analogue of the Earth's lower-mantle mineral was synthesized in a cubic anvil type apparatus under 10 GPa 1250 K The Ca, Ti and Ge K-edge EXAFS spectra were measured in transmission mode at temperature up to 1100 K The effective pair potentials, V(u)= alpha (u2/2+ beta u3/3!, were evaluated and the Grüneisen parameter were calculated. The potential coefficients alpha and beta for Ti-O bond in CaTiO3 are 6.9 eVA(-2) and -38 eVA(-3), respectively. Those for Ge-O bond in CaGeO3 are 9.8 eVA(-2) and -36 eVA(-3), respectively.
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Bowler R, Murai K, True R. Update and long-term sequelae of the sarin attack in the Tokyo, Japan subway. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s1074-9098(00)00156-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Machida Y, Murai K, Miyake K, Iijima S. Expression of chromatin remodeling factors during neural differentiation. J Biochem 2001; 129:43-9. [PMID: 11134956 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a002834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The yeast SWI/SNF complex is involved in remodeling of chromatin structure during transcriptional modulation. One of the key subunits of this complex, called SWI2/SNF2, has a DNA-dependent ATPase activity. Two different types of mammalian homolog of yeast SWI2/SNF2, called BRM and BRG1, were recently identified. They are closely similar in structure but have distinct functions. We investigated the expression of BRM and BRG1 during differentiation of neural precursor cells (NPCs) cultured in vitro. The expression of BRM was very low in NPCs and was induced to a high level during differentiation to neurons and astrocytes. In contrast, BRG1 was constantly expressed throughout differentiation. These phenomena were also observed in differentiation of P19 embryonal carcinoma cells to neural cells. Immunocytochemical analyses revealed that the expression of BRM started even in the undifferentiated nestin-positive cells. These results indicate that BRM may have an important role in neural cell differentiation.
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