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Li J, Sun L, Hu N, Li L, Song G, Xu H, Xu T, Cheng Y, Xiao L, Wang L, Gong R, Li C. A Novel MR Imaging Sequence of 3D-ZOOMit Real Inversion-Recovery Imaging Improves Endolymphatic Hydrops Detection in Patients with Ménière Disease. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2023; 44:595-601. [PMID: 37105675 PMCID: PMC10171393 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The detection rate of premortem MR imaging endolymphatic hydrops is lower than that of postmortem endolymphatic hydrops in Ménière disease, indicating that current MR imaging techniques may underestimate endolymphatic hydrops. Therefore, we prospectively investigated whether a novel high-resolution MR imaging technique, the 3D zoomed imaging technique with parallel transmission real inversion-recovery (3D-ZOOMit real IR), would improve the detection of endolymphatic hydrops compared with conventional 3D TSE inversion-recovery with real reconstruction. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty patients with definite unilateral Ménière disease were enrolled and underwent 3D-ZOOMit real IR and 3D TSE inversion-recovery with real reconstruction 6 hours after IV gadolinium injection. The endo- and perilymph spaces were scored separately. The contrast-to-noise ratio, SNR, and signal intensity ratio of the 2 sequences were respectively calculated and compared. The presence of endolymphatic hydrops was evaluated. RESULTS The endolymphatic space in the cochlea and vestibule was better visualized with 3D-ZOOMit real IR than with conventional 3D TSE inversion-recovery with real reconstruction (P < .001). There were differences between the 2 sequences in the evaluation of no cochlear hydrops and cochlear hydrops (both, P < .017). All contrast-to-noise ratio, SNR, and signal intensity ratio values of 3D-ZOOMit real IR images were statistically higher than those of conventional 3D TSE inversion-recovery with real reconstruction (all, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS The 3D-ZOOMit real IR sequences are superior to conventional 3D TSE inversion-recovery with real reconstruction sequences in visualizing the endolymphatic space, detecting endolymphatic hydrops, and discovering contrast permeability.
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He T, Cheng C, Parolia A, Hopkins A, Qiao Y, Xiao L, Chinnaiyan A. Abstract 1685: Overcoming acquired resistance to PROTAC degraders. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-1685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology has been widely investigated for cancer treatment and there have been several PROTAC degrader-based drugs used for clinical trials in the past few years. PROTAC degraders are able to target crucial proteins traditionally thought to be “undruggable”, such as transcriptional factors. Hence, there is increasing interest in these drugs due to their highly efficacy and low off-target toxicity. However, upon further investigation, it has been found that after a period of treatment with PROTAC degraders, cancer cells can acquire resistance to these compounds. Thus, it is of increasing importance to figure out the mechanisms of the resistance and to overcome the acquired resistance to these PROTAC degraders. In our study, we classified resistance mechanisms of prostate cancer cells to PROTAC degraders into two classes and identified factors that can induce them to preferentially develop specific resistance mechanisms.
Methods and Results: AU-15330 is a PROTAC that specifically degrades the subunits (BRG1, PBRM1, BRM) of SWI/SNF complex. We treated 22rv1, a prostate cancer cell line, with different AU-15330 concentrations over a month to establish AU-15330-resistant cell lines. Whole exome sequencing (WES) analysis of these resistant cell lines found that the resistant cell lines that were developed through high-dose (1uM) AU-15330 treatment acquired multiple point mutations within or adjacent to the AU-15330 targeting bromodomain of BRG1. However, BRG1 point mutations were absent in the resistant cell lines that developed through lower concentration of AU-15330 treatment (100nM). Instead, RNA-seq analysis revealed that ABCB1 (also known as Multidrug Resistance Protein 1) expression was upregulated in cells that developed resistance to AU-15330 at 100nM. This was further confirmed by Western blot and qPCR. Next, we overexpressed ABCB1 in LNCaP and 22RV1, and found that overexpression of ABCB1 indeed made prostate cancer cells resistant to AU15330. In addition, we tested with several different potent PROTAC degraders (ARD616, ZBC260, etc) in ABCB1-expressing AU-15530 resistant cells, and found the ABCB1 expression drove the cells to become resistant to all tested PROATC degraders compared to the parental cells. Lastly, we demonstrated that Zosuquidar, an ABCB1 inhibitor, can overcome the ABCB1-mediated resistance to AU-15330 and other PROTAC degraders, suggesting that inhibiting ABCB1 might be a direct and effective strategy to restore PROTAC degrader’s potency when ABCB1-mediated drug resistance is developed.
Conclusion: Our study found that the mechanisms of resistance of PROTAC degraders can vary and may be dependent on drug concentrations. Such concepts may inform future clinical decision-making regarding drug dosing.
Citation Format: Tongchen He, Caleb Cheng, Abhijit Parolia, Alex Hopkins, Yuanyuan Qiao, Lanbo Xiao, Arul Chinnaiyan. Overcoming acquired resistance to PROTAC degraders [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 1685.
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Ma J, Xu Z, Zhu J, Liu Y, Wang Q, Xi X, Zhang L, Huang J, Xiao L. [Fuyu Decoction improves ventricular remodeling in rats with heart failure by inhibiting AMPK/mTOR pathway-mediated autophagy]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2023; 43:466-473. [PMID: 37087593 PMCID: PMC10122732 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2023.03.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of Fuyu Decoction on ventricular remodeling and its association with AMPK/mTOR pathway-mediated autophagy in rats with heart failure. METHODS Thirty male Wistar rat models of heart failure induced by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery were divided into model group, Fuyu Decoction treatment group, Fuyu Decoction treatment +AMPK agonist group (n=10), with another 10 rats receiving sham operation as the Sham group. After 8 weeks of drug intervention, the changes of ventricular function and ventricular remodeling indexs of the rats were assessed. TTC staining was used to detect the myocardial infarction area, and HE and Masson staining were used to observe the pathological changes in the myocardial tissue. Western blotting was performed to detect the protein expressions of p-AMPK, p-mTOR, LC3-II, Beclin1 and p62 in the myocardial tissue. RESULTS Compared with the sham-operated rats, the rat models of heart failure showed significantly increased left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular endsystolic volume (LVESV), and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) (P < 0.01), reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS), and decreased spherical index (SI) were (P < 0.01). The rat models also showed increased myocardial infarction area, obvious myocardial pathologies and fibrosis, increased apoptosis rate of the cardiomyocytes, enhanced myocardial expressions of p-AMPK, LC3-II/LC3-I and Beclin1 (P < 0.01), and reduced expressions of p-mTOR and p62 (P < 0.01). Fuyu Decoction treatment significantly ameliorated these changes in the rat models (all P < 0.01), but its effects were obviously blocked by treatment with EX229. CONCLUSION Fuyu Decoction can improve ventricular remodeling in rats with heart failure by inhibiting AMPK/mTOR signaling-mediated autophagy in the cardiomyocytes.
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Xiao L, Wagle S, Schmitz JJ, Hesley GK, Parvinian A, Brinkman NJ, Moynagh MR. Safety and technical success of diphenhydramine as an alternative local anaesthetic agent for radiology procedures. Clin Radiol 2023; 78:e177-e181. [PMID: 36411091 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2022.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate retrospectively the safety and technical success of subcutaneous diphenhydramine as an alternative local anaesthetic for radiology procedures. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between January 2000 and April 2021, 84 image-guided procedures were performed in 81 adult patients (mean age 61 years, 86% female) using 1% injectable diphenhydramine as a local anaesthetic. Indications were history of severe allergy to "-caine" local anaesthetics in 76 (90%) patients and recent administration of bupivacaine liposomal injectable suspension in eight (10%) patients. Twelve of the 84 (14%) procedures were performed with concomitant moderate sedation. Patient characteristics, procedural techniques, and clinical outcomes were reviewed. Early and delayed (30-day) complications were classified as either related to local diphenhydramine injection or to the procedure itself. Procedure-related complications were gradated using the Clavien-Dindo system. RESULTS Percutaneous biopsy was the most frequently performed procedure (57/84, 67%). Fifty-nine (70%) of the 84 procedures were ultrasound guided. The most common procedural site was the breast (34/84, 40%). All procedures were technically successful. There were two minor injection-related complications related to post-procedural pain. A single minor procedure-related complication involved a patient requiring hospital admission for post-renal biopsy related haematuria. CONCLUSION Injectable diphenhydramine appears to be a safe and effective local anaesthetic alternative in patients with "-caine" class contraindications undergoing radiology procedures. A future prospective trial would be useful to assess the safety profile in an large cohort of patients.
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Qiao Y, Wotring JW, Zhang CJ, Jiang X, Xiao L, Watt A, Gattis D, Scandalis E, Freier S, Zheng Y, Pretto CD, Ellison SJ, Swayze EE, Guo S, Sexton JZ, Chinnaiyan AM. Antisense oligonucleotides to therapeutically target SARS-CoV-2 infection. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281281. [PMID: 36735698 PMCID: PMC9897518 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the COVID-19 pandemic began over three years ago, the virus responsible for the disease, SARS-CoV-2, continues to infect people across the globe. As such, there remains a critical need for development of novel therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2. One technology that has remained relatively unexplored in COVID-19 is the use of antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs)-short single-stranded nucleic acids that bind to target RNA transcripts to modulate their expression. In this study, ASOs targeted against the SARS-CoV-2 genome and host entry factors, ACE2 and TMPRSS2, were designed and tested for their ability to inhibit cellular infection by SARS-CoV-2. Using our previously developed SARS-CoV-2 bioassay platform, we screened 180 total ASOs targeting various regions of the SARS-CoV-2 genome and validated several ASOs that potently blocked SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro. Notably, select ASOs retained activity against both the WA1 and B.1.1.7 (commonly known as alpha) variants. Screening of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 ASOs showed that targeting of ACE2 also potently prevented infection by the WA1 and B.1.1.7 SARS-CoV-2 viruses in the tested cell lines. Combined with the demonstrated success of ASOs in other disease indications, these results support further research into the development of ASOs targeting SARS-CoV-2 and host entry factors as potential COVID-19 therapeutics.
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Cui H, Zeng L, Li R, Li Q, Hong C, Zhu H, Chen L, Liu L, Zou X, Xiao L. Radiomics signature based on CECT for non-invasive prediction of response to anti-PD-1 therapy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Radiol 2023; 78:e37-e44. [PMID: 36257868 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2022.09.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to develop a radiomics signature (RS) based on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) and evaluate its potential predictive value in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients receiving anti-PD-1 therapy. METHOD CECT scans of 76 HCC patients who received anti-PD-1 therapy were obtained in this study (training group = 53 and validation group = 23). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was applied to select radiomics features of primary and metastatic lesions and establish a RS to predict lesion-level response. Then, a nomogram combined the mean RS (MRS) and clinical variables with patient-level response as the end point. RESULTS In the lesion-level analysis, the area under the curves (AUCs) of RS in the training and validation groups were 0.751 (95% CI, 0.668-0.835) and 0.734 (95% CI, 0.604-0.864), respectively. In the patient-level analysis, the AUCs of the nomogram in the training and validation groups were 0.897 (95% CI, 0.798-0.996) and 0.889 (95% CI, 0.748-1.000), respectively. The nomogram stratified patients into low- and high-risk groups, which showed a significant difference in progression-free survival (PFS) (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The RS is a noninvasive biomarker for predicting anti-PD-1 therapy response in patients with HCC. The nomogram may be of clinical use for identifying high-risk patients and formulating individualised treatments.
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Yang Y, Zhu Y, Luo Y, Liu Q, Hua X, Li J, Gao F, Hofer J, Gao X, Xiao L, Song X, Gao S, Hao R. Transcriptome analysis of Mesobuthus martensii revealed the differences of their toxins between females and males. THE EUROPEAN ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/24750263.2022.2143584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Xiao L, Li T. Effects of High-Fat and Low-Carbohydrate Diet Combined with Radiation Therapy on Tumor Microenvironment in LLC Tumor-Bearing Mice. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.2091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lv J, Xiao L, Liu Y, Wang Y, Zhang R, Chen T, Zhang H, Tang C, Pan S, Nie X, Zhang M, Li T. Caloric Restriction Ketogenic Diets (KR) Enhance Radiotherapy Responses in Lung Cancer Xenografts. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.2105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Huang W, Leng JH, Pei TJ, Li R, Ruan XY, Xu B, Liang XY, Wang GY, Zhou YF, Xu CJ, Zhang XM, Yao SZ, Lu MS, Ma XX, Liu CD, Xue Q, Tang L, Dai Y, Liu Y, Deng S, Guan J, Zhang W, Li L, Ren CC, He YD, Yang XY, Ouyang YW, Zhu HL, Xiao L, Chen G, Lang JH. [Fertility protection and preservation for patients with endometriosis: a Chinese consensus (2022)]. ZHONGHUA FU CHAN KE ZA ZHI 2022; 57:733-739. [PMID: 36299175 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112141-20220427-00329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
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Lin BL, Xie XY, Xiao L. [Summary of community smoking cessation intervention theory]. ZHONGHUA LIU XING BING XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LIUXINGBINGXUE ZAZHI 2022; 43:1677-1680. [PMID: 36456503 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20211217-00994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This paper analyzes the literatures about community-based smoking cessation interventions in recent decades and introduces the effectiveness of cessation interventions developed under different theoretical frameworks applied in the community. Because of the severe smoking prevalence in China and the shortage of existing smoking cessation services, the application of smoking cessation services in reducing the smoking rate in Chinese is discussed to provide a reference for the theoretical framework and practical application of community smoking cessation intervention research in China.
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Ye LL, Zhang JW, Yan RJ, Xiang L, Hu YL, Cui J, Tang YX, Chai X, Gao C, Xiao L, Jiang Y, Zhang J, Yang Y. [Association between the awareness of Nutrition Facts Panel and prepackaged food purchase behavior among residents]. ZHONGHUA YU FANG YI XUE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE] 2022; 56:1478-1483. [PMID: 36274617 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20211101-01006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the association between the cognition of Nutrition Facts Panel and prepackaged food purchase behavior among residents in six provinces in China. Methods: Using a multi-stage sampling method, 3 002 adults aged 18-70 were selected from the western region (Sichuan), eastern region (Guangdong, Jiangsu, Beijing), central region (Henan), and northeastern region (Heilongjiang) of China from July 2020 to March 2021. Socio-demographic characteristics of participants and their cognition of Nutrition Facts Panel and prepackaged food purchase behavior were collected through questionnaire. A multivariate binary logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between cognition of Nutrition Facts Panel and prepackaged food purchase behavior. Results: The age of 3 002 subjects was (42.3±13.4) years, among which 63.8% (1 914) were female, 66.7% knew the Nutrition Facts Panel, 49.8% would read it when purchasing, 30.7% could understand it, and 56.6% (1 699) bought prepackaged food more than once a week. The results of multivariate analysis showed that after adjusting for relevant confounding factors, compared with the participants knowing but not reading the Nutrition Facts Panel, the group knowing and reading was more likely to buy 11 types of prepackaged food at least once a week (all P<0.05). Compared with the participants reading but not understanding the Nutrition Facts Panel, the group reading and understanding was less likely to buy 11 types of prepackaged food at least once a week (all P<0.05). Conclusion: There was a correlation between cognition of Nutrition Facts Panel and prepackaged food purchase behavior among residents.
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Di XB, Liu SW, Xie HY, Zeng XY, Meng ZD, Xiao L. [Smoking relapse rate and influencing factors in smokers aged 15 years and above in China]. ZHONGHUA LIU XING BING XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LIUXINGBINGXUE ZAZHI 2022; 43:1388-1393. [PMID: 36117344 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20211130-00929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To describe the relapse status of smokers aged ≥15 years in China, and investigate the main factors influencing their relapse behavior. Methods: The data of this study cames from the 2018 China Adult Tobacco Survey, covering 400 committees or villages in 200 districts or counties in 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) of China. The relevant data of smoking and relapsing in residents aged ≥15 years were collected by face-to-face interview. Software SAS 9.4 was used to clean and analyze the data, and logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors for relapse rate. Results: A total of 19 376 questionnaires were completed, with a response rate of 91.50%. In 2018, 66.05% of smokers aged ≥15 years in China had smoking relapse, in whom 66.59% were males and 55.79% were females. In all age groups, the age group 15-24 years had the highest smoking relapse rate (82.63%). Multivariate analysis showed that the younger age 15-24 years (OR=4.618,95%CI:1.981-10.763), e-cigarette use (OR=9.782,95%CI:3.139-30.490), and tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship in the past 30 days (OR=1.710,95%CI:1.291-2.265) were associated with higher smoking relapse rate. Compared with people who were allowed smoking at home or those without smoking limit, the smoking relapse rate in people who were not allowed to smoke at home (OR=0.562, 95%CI: 0.439-0.719) or those with smoking limit (OR=0.487, 95%CI: 0.366-0.647) was lower. Conclusion: The smoking relapse rate in Chinese smokers is high, especially in young people. It is suggested to conduct targeted intervention based on the results of this study to reduce the smoking relapse rate and help achieve the smoking control goal in Healthy China 2030.
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Wang C, Liu J, Fan R, Xiao L. Promotion strategies for environmentally friendly packaging: a stochastic differential game perspective. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : IJEST 2022; 20:7559-7568. [PMID: 36093339 PMCID: PMC9440469 DOI: 10.1007/s13762-022-04453-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
With the evolution of the e-commerce and express delivery industry, the consumption of packaging materials is increasing rapidly. Many members of society encourage using environmentally friendly packaging. However, due to the attitude-behavior gap, i.e., expressing concerns about environmental issues does not necessarily lead to green consumption, promoting the use of green packaging remains a challenge. This paper considers a stochastic differential game between green packaging manufacturers and e-commerce platforms. The optimal promotion strategies are derived for scenarios involving cooperation as well as non-cooperation. In addition, a welfare allocation mechanism for attaining stable cooperation is also discussed under the bargaining model. Numerical simulations and a sensitivity analysis were conducted to demonstrate the results. This paper finds that the cooperation between manufacturers and platforms can expand the actual market demand and promote the consumption of green packaging. The proposed model provides an effective tool for manufacturers and platforms to devise optimal strategies for promoting the use of green packaging.
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Wu F, Liu J, Hu C, Liu J, Zhao W, Wu Y, Xu Y, Hu J, Xiao L, Liu X, Pan Y, Zeng Y, Shi S, Peng Y, Jiang Y. EP01.07-005 Combined Diffusion-Weighted Imaging and Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI for Diagnosing Indeterminate Pulmonary Nodules. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Abbott R, Abe H, Acernese F, Ackley K, Adhikari N, Adhikari R, Adkins V, Adya V, Affeldt C, Agarwal D, Agathos M, Agatsuma K, Aggarwal N, Aguiar O, Aiello L, Ain A, Ajith P, Akutsu T, Albanesi S, Alfaidi R, Allocca A, Altin P, Amato A, Anand C, Anand S, Ananyeva A, Anderson S, Anderson W, Ando M, Andrade T, Andres N, Andrés-Carcasona M, Andrić T, Angelova S, Ansoldi S, Antelis J, Antier S, Apostolatos T, Appavuravther E, Appert S, Apple S, Arai K, Araya A, Araya M, Areeda J, Arène M, Aritomi N, Arnaud N, Arogeti M, Aronson S, Arun K, Asada H, Asali Y, Ashton G, Aso Y, Assiduo M, Melo SADS, Aston S, Astone P, Aubin F, AultONeal K, Austin C, Babak S, Badaracco F, Bader M, Badger C, Bae S, Bae Y, Baer A, Bagnasco S, Bai Y, Baird J, Bajpai R, Baka T, Ball M, Ballardin G, Ballmer S, Balsamo A, Baltus G, Banagiri S, Banerjee B, Bankar D, Barayoga J, Barbieri C, Barish B, Barker D, Barneo P, Barone F, Barr B, Barsotti L, Barsuglia M, Barta D, Bartlett J, Barton M, Bartos I, Basak S, Bassiri R, Basti A, Bawaj M, Bayley J, Mills J, Milotti E, Minenkov Y, Mio N, Mir L, Miravet-Tenés M, Mishkin A, Mishra C, Mishra T, Mistry T, Bazzan M, Mitra S, Mitrofanov V, Mitselmakher G, Mittleman R, Miyakawa O, Miyo K, Miyoki S, Mo G, Modafferi L, Moguel E, Becher B, Mogushi K, Mohapatra S, Mohite S, Molina I, Molina-Ruiz M, Mondin M, Montani M, Moore C, Moragues J, Moraru D, Bécsy B, Morawski F, More A, Moreno C, Moreno G, Mori Y, Morisaki S, Morisue N, Moriwaki Y, Mours B, Mow-Lowry C, Bedakihale V, Mozzon S, Muciaccia F, Mukherjee A, Mukherjee D, Mukherjee S, Mukherjee S, Mukherjee S, Mukund N, Mullavey A, Munch J, Beirnaert F, Muñiz E, Murray P, Musenich R, Muusse S, Nadji S, Nagano K, Nagar A, Nakamura K, Nakano H, Nakano M, Bejger M, Nakayama Y, Napolano V, Nardecchia I, Narikawa T, Narola H, Naticchioni L, Nayak B, Nayak R, Neil B, Neilson J, Belahcene I, Nelson A, Nelson T, Nery M, Neubauer P, Neunzert A, Ng K, Ng S, Nguyen C, Nguyen P, Nguyen T, Benedetto V, Quynh LN, Ni J, Ni WT, Nichols S, Nishimoto T, Nishizawa A, Nissanke S, Nitoglia E, Nocera F, Norman M, Beniwal D, North C, Nozaki S, Nurbek G, Nuttall L, Obayashi Y, Oberling J, O’Brien B, O’Dell J, Oelker E, Ogaki W, Benjamin M, Oganesyan G, Oh J, Oh K, Oh S, Ohashi M, Ohashi T, Ohkawa M, Ohme F, Ohta H, Okada M, Bennett T, Okutani Y, Olivetto C, Oohara K, Oram R, O’Reilly B, Ormiston R, Ormsby N, O’Shaughnessy R, O’Shea E, Oshino S, Bentley J, Ossokine S, Osthelder C, Otabe S, Ottaway D, Overmier H, Pace A, Pagano G, Pagano R, Page M, Pagliaroli G, BenYaala M, Pai A, Pai S, Pal S, Palamos J, Palashov O, Palomba C, Pan H, Pan KC, Panda P, Pang P, Bera S, Pankow C, Pannarale F, Pant B, Panther F, Paoletti F, Paoli A, Paolone A, Pappas G, Parisi A, Park H, Berbel M, Park J, Parker W, Pascucci D, Pasqualetti A, Passaquieti R, Passuello D, Patel M, Pathak M, Patricelli B, Patron A, Bergamin F, Paul S, Payne E, Pedraza M, Pedurand R, Pegoraro M, Pele A, Arellano FP, Penano S, Penn S, Perego A, Berger B, 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Search for continuous gravitational wave emission from the Milky Way center in O3 LIGO-Virgo data. Int J Clin Exp Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.106.042003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Cordero-Carrión I, Corezzi S, Corley KR, Cornish N, Corre D, Corsi A, Cortese S, Costa CA, Cotesta R, Coughlin MW, Coulon JP, Countryman ST, Cousins B, Couvares P, Coward DM, Cowart MJ, Coyne DC, Coyne R, Creighton JDE, Creighton TD, Criswell AW, Croquette M, Crowder SG, Cudell JR, Cullen TJ, Cumming A, Cummings R, Cunningham L, Cuoco E, Curyło M, Dabadie P, Canton TD, Dall'Osso S, Dálya G, Dana A, DaneshgaranBajastani LM, D'Angelo B, Danilishin S, D'Antonio S, Danzmann K, Darsow-Fromm C, Dasgupta A, Datrier LEH, Datta S, Dattilo V, Dave I, Davier M, Davies GS, Davis D, Davis MC, Daw EJ, Dean R, DeBra D, Deenadayalan M, Degallaix J, De Laurentis M, Deléglise S, Del Favero V, De Lillo F, De Lillo N, Del Pozzo W, DeMarchi LM, De Matteis F, D'Emilio V, Demos N, Dent T, Depasse A, De Pietri R, De Rosa R, De Rossi C, DeSalvo R, De Simone R, Dhurandhar S, Díaz MC, Diaz-Ortiz M, Didio NA, Dietrich T, Di Fiore L, Di Fronzo C, Di Giorgio C, Di Giovanni F, Di Giovanni M, Di Girolamo T, Di Lieto A, Ding B, Di Pace S, Di Palma I, Di Renzo F, Divakarla AK, Dmitriev A, Doctor Z, D'Onofrio L, Donovan F, Dooley KL, Doravari S, Dorrington I, Drago M, Driggers JC, Drori Y, Ducoin JG, Dupej P, Durante O, D'Urso D, Duverne PA, Dwyer SE, Eassa C, Easter PJ, Ebersold M, Eckhardt T, Eddolls G, Edelman B, Edo TB, Edy O, Effler A, Eichholz J, Eikenberry SS, Eisenmann M, Eisenstein RA, Ejlli A, Engelby E, Errico L, Essick RC, Estellés H, Estevez D, Etienne Z, Etzel T, Evans M, Evans TM, Ewing BE, Fafone V, Fair H, Fairhurst S, Farah AM, Farinon S, Farr B, Farr WM, Farrow NW, Fauchon-Jones EJ, Favaro G, Favata M, Fays M, Fazio M, Feicht J, Fejer MM, Fekecs B, Fenyvesi E, Ferguson DL, Fernandez-Galiana A, Ferrante I, Ferreira TA, Fidecaro F, Figura P, Fiori I, Fishbach M, Fisher RP, Fittipaldi R, Fiumara V, Flaminio R, Floden E, Fong H, Font JA, Fornal B, Forsyth PWF, Franke A, Frasca S, Frasconi F, Frederick C, Freed JP, Frei Z, Freise A, Frey R, Fritschel P, Frolov VV, Fronzé GG, Fulda P, 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Ju L, Junker J, Juste V, Kalaghatgi CV, Kalogera V, Kamai B, Kandhasamy S, Kang G, Kanner JB, Kao Y, Kapadia SJ, Kapasi DP, Karat S, Karathanasis C, Karki S, Kashyap R, Kasprzack M, Kastaun W, Katsanevas S, Katsavounidis E, Katzman W, Kaur T, Kawabe K, Kéfélian F, Keitel D, Key JS, Khadka S, Khalili FY, Khan S, Khazanov EA, Khetan N, Khursheed M, Kijbunchoo N, Kim C, Kim JC, Kim K, Kim WS, Kim YM, Kimball C, Kinley-Hanlon M, Kirchhoff R, Kissel JS, Kleybolte L, Klimenko S, Knee AM, Knowles TD, Knyazev E, Koch P, Koekoek G, Koley S, Kolitsidou P, Kolstein M, Komori K, Kondrashov V, Kontos A, Koper N, Korobko M, Kovalam M, Kozak DB, Kringel V, Krishnendu NV, Królak A, Kuehn G, Kuei F, Kuijer P, Kumar A, Kumar P, Kumar R, Kumar R, Kuns K, Kuwahara S, Lagabbe P, Laghi D, Lalande E, Lam TL, Lamberts A, Landry M, Lane BB, Lang RN, Lange J, Lantz B, La Rosa I, Lartaux-Vollard A, Lasky PD, Laxen M, Lazzarini A, Lazzaro C, Leaci P, Leavey S, Lecoeuche YK, Lee HM, Lee HW, Lee J, Lee K, Lehmann J, Lemaître A, Leroy N, Letendre N, Levesque C, Levin Y, Leviton JN, Leyde K, Li AKY, Li B, Li J, Li TGF, Li X, Linde F, Linker SD, Linley JN, Littenberg TB, Liu J, Liu K, Liu X, Llamas F, Llorens-Monteagudo M, Lo RKL, Lockwood A, London LT, Longo A, Lopez D, Portilla ML, Lorenzini M, Loriette V, Lormand M, Losurdo G, Lott TP, Lough JD, Lousto CO, Lovelace G, Lucaccioni JF, Lück H, Lumaca D, Lundgren AP, Lynam JE, Macas R, MacInnis M, Macleod DM, MacMillan IAO, Macquet A, Hernandez IM, Magazzù C, Magee RM, Maggiore R, Magnozzi M, Mahesh S, Majorana E, Makarem C, Maksimovic I, Maliakal S, Malik A, Man N, Mandic V, Mangano V, Mango JL, Mansell GL, Manske M, Mantovani M, Mapelli M, Marchesoni F, Marion F, Mark Z, Márka S, Márka Z, Markakis C, Markosyan AS, Markowitz A, Maros E, Marquina A, Marsat S, Martelli F, Martin IW, Martin RM, Martinez M, Martinez VA, Martinez V, Martinovic K, Martynov DV, Marx EJ, Masalehdan H, Mason K, Massera E, Masserot A, Massinger TJ, Masso-Reid M, Mastrogiovanni S, Matas A, Mateu-Lucena M, Matichard F, Matiushechkina M, Mavalvala N, McCann JJ, McCarthy R, McClelland DE, McClincy PK, McCormick S, McCuller L, McGhee GI, McGuire SC, McIsaac C, McIver J, McRae T, McWilliams ST, Meacher D, Mehmet M, Mehta AK, Meijer Q, Melatos A, Melchor DA, Mendell G, Menendez-Vazquez A, Menoni CS, Mercer RA, Mereni L, Merfeld K, Merilh EL, Merritt JD, Merzougui M, Meshkov S, Messenger C, Messick C, Meyers PM, Meylahn F, Mhaske A, Miani A, Miao H, Michaloliakos I, Michel C, Middleton H, Milano L, Miller A, Miller AL, Miller B, Millhouse M, Mills JC, Milotti E, Minazzoli O, Minenkov Y, Mir LM, Miravet-Tenés M, Mishra C, Mishra T, Mistry T, Mitra S, Mitrofanov VP, Mitselmakher G, Mittleman R, Mo G, Moguel E, Mogushi K, Mohapatra SRP, Mohite SR, Molina I, Molina-Ruiz M, Mondin M, Montani M, Moore CJ, Moraru D, Morawski F, More A, Moreno C, Moreno G, Morisaki S, Mours B, Mow-Lowry CM, Mozzon S, Muciaccia F, Mukherjee A, Mukherjee D, Mukherjee S, Mukherjee S, Mukherjee S, Mukund N, Mullavey A, Munch J, Muñiz EA, Murray PG, Musenich R, Muusse S, Nadji SL, Nagar A, Napolano V, Nardecchia I, Naticchioni L, Nayak B, Nayak RK, Neil BF, Neilson J, Nelemans G, Nelson TJN, Nery M, Neubauer P, Neunzert A, Ng KY, Ng SWS, Nguyen C, Nguyen P, Nguyen T, Nichols SA, Nissanke S, Nitoglia E, Nocera F, Norman M, North C, Nuttall LK, Oberling J, O'Brien BD, O'Dell J, Oelker E, Oganesyan G, Oh JJ, Oh SH, Ohme F, Ohta H, Okada MA, Olivetto C, Oram R, O'Reilly B, Ormiston RG, Ormsby ND, Ortega LF, O'Shaughnessy R, O'Shea E, Ossokine S, Osthelder C, Ottaway DJ, Overmier H, Pace AE, Pagano G, Page MA, Pagliaroli G, Pai A, Pai SA, Palamos JR, Palashov O, Palomba C, Pan H, Panda PK, Pang PTH, Pankow C, Pannarale F, Pant BC, Panther FH, Paoletti F, Paoli A, Paolone A, Park H, Parker W, Pascucci D, Pasqualetti A, Passaquieti R, Passuello D, Patel M, Pathak M, Patricelli B, Patron AS, Paul S, Payne E, Pedraza M, Pegoraro M, Pele A, Penn S, Perego A, Pereira A, Pereira T, Perez CJ, Périgois C, Perkins CC, Perreca A, Perriès S, Petermann J, Petterson D, Pfeiffer HP, Pham KA, Phukon KS, Piccinni OJ, Pichot M, Piendibene M, Piergiovanni F, Pierini L, Pierro V, Pillant G, Pillas M, Pilo F, Pinard L, Pinto IM, Pinto M, Piotrzkowski K, Pirello M, Pitkin MD, Placidi E, Planas L, Plastino W, Pluchar C, Poggiani R, Polini E, Pong DYT, Ponrathnam S, Popolizio P, Porter EK, Poulton R, Powell J, Pracchia M, Pradier T, Prajapati AK, Prasai K, Prasanna R, Pratten G, Principe M, Prodi GA, Prokhorov L, Prosposito P, Prudenzi L, Puecher A, Punturo M, Puosi F, Puppo P, Pürrer M, Qi H, Quetschke V, Quitzow-James R, Raab FJ, Raaijmakers G, Radkins H, Radulesco N, Raffai P, Rail SX, Raja S, Rajan C, Ramirez KE, Ramirez TD, Ramos-Buades A, Rana J, Rapagnani P, Rapol UD, Ray A, Raymond V, Raza N, Razzano M, Read J, Rees LA, Regimbau T, Rei L, Reid S, Reid SW, Reitze DH, Relton P, Renzini A, Rettegno P, Rezac M, Ricci F, Richards D, Richardson JW, Richardson L, Riemenschneider G, Riles K, Rinaldi S, Rink K, Rizzo M, Robertson NA, Robie R, Robinet F, Rocchi A, Rodriguez S, Rolland L, Rollins JG, Romanelli M, Romano R, Romel CL, Romero-Rodríguez A, Romero-Shaw IM, Romie JH, Ronchini S, Rosa L, Rose CA, Rosińska D, Ross MP, Rowan S, Rowlinson SJ, Roy S, Roy S, Roy S, Rozza D, Ruggi P, Ryan K, Sachdev S, Sadecki T, Sadiq J, Sakellariadou M, Salafia OS, Salconi L, Saleem M, Salemi F, Samajdar A, Sanchez EJ, Sanchez JH, Sanchez LE, Sanchis-Gual N, Sanders JR, Sanuy A, Saravanan TR, Sarin N, Sassolas B, Satari H, Sathyaprakash BS, Sauter O, Savage RL, Sawant D, Sawant HL, Sayah S, Schaetzl D, Scheel M, Scheuer J, Schiworski M, Schmidt P, Schmidt S, Schnabel R, Schneewind M, Schofield RMS, Schönbeck A, Schulte BW, Schutz BF, Schwartz E, Scott J, Scott SM, Seglar-Arroyo M, Sellers D, Sengupta AS, Sentenac D, Seo EG, Sequino V, Sergeev A, Setyawati Y, Shaffer T, Shahriar MS, Shams B, Sharma A, Sharma P, Shawhan P, Shcheblanov NS, Shikauchi M, Shoemaker DH, Shoemaker DM, ShyamSundar S, Sieniawska M, Sigg D, Singer LP, Singh D, Singh N, Singha A, Sintes AM, Sipala V, Skliris V, Slagmolen BJJ, Slaven-Blair TJ, Smetana J, Smith JR, Smith RJE, Soldateschi J, Somala SN, Son EJ, Soni K, Soni S, Sordini V, Sorrentino F, Sorrentino N, Soulard R, Souradeep T, Sowell E, Spagnuolo V, Spencer AP, Spera M, Srinivasan R, Srivastava AK, Srivastava V, Staats K, Stachie C, Steer DA, Steinlechner J, Steinlechner S, Stevenson S, Stops DJ, Stover M, Strain KA, Strang LC, Stratta G, Strunk A, Sturani R, Stuver AL, Sudhagar S, Sudhir V, Suh HG, Summerscales TZ, Sun H, Sun L, Sunil S, Sur A, Suresh J, Sutton PJ, Swinkels BL, Szczepańczyk MJ, Szewczyk P, Tacca M, Tait SC, Talbot CJ, Talbot C, Tanasijczuk AJ, Tanner DB, Tao D, Tao L, Martín ENTS, Taranto C, Tasson JD, Tenorio R, Terhune JE, Terkowski L, Thirugnanasambandam MP, Thomas M, Thomas P, Thompson JE, Thondapu SR, Thorne KA, Thrane E, Tiwari S, Tiwari S, Tiwari V, Toivonen AM, Toland K, Tolley AE, Tonelli M, Torres-Forné A, Torrie CI, E Melo IT, Töyrä D, Trapananti A, Travasso F, Traylor G, Trevor M, Tringali MC, Tripathee A, Troiano L, Trovato A, Trozzo L, Trudeau RJ, Tsai DS, Tsai D, Tsang KW, Tse M, Tso R, Tsukada L, Tsuna D, Tsutsui T, Turbang K, Turconi M, Ubhi AS, Udall RP, Ueno K, Unnikrishnan CS, Urban AL, Utina A, Vahlbruch H, Vajente G, Vajpeyi A, Valdes G, Valentini M, Valsan V, van Bakel N, van Beuzekom M, van den Brand JFJ, Van Den Broeck C, Vander-Hyde DC, van der Schaaf L, van Heijningen JV, Vanosky J, van Remortel N, Vardaro M, Vargas AF, Varma V, Vasúth M, Vecchio A, Vedovato G, Veitch J, Veitch PJ, Venneberg J, Venugopalan G, Verkindt D, Verma P, Verma Y, Veske D, Vetrano F, Viceré A, Vidyant S, Viets AD, Vijaykumar A, Villa-Ortega V, Vinet JY, Virtuoso A, Vitale S, Vo T, Vocca H, von Reis ERG, von Wrangel JSA, Vorvick C, Vyatchanin SP, Wade LE, Wade M, Wagner KJ, Walet RC, Walker M, Wallace GS, Wallace L, Walsh S, Wang JZ, Wang WH, Ward RL, Warner J, Was M, Washington NY, Watchi J, Weaver B, Webster SA, Weinert M, Weinstein AJ, Weiss R, Weller CM, Wellmann F, Wen L, Weßels P, Wette K, Whelan JT, White DD, Whiting BF, Whittle C, Wilken D, Williams D, Williams MJ, Williamson AR, Willis JL, Willke B, Wilson DJ, Winkler W, Wipf CC, Wlodarczyk T, Woan G, Woehler J, Wofford JK, Wong ICF, Wu DS, Wysocki DM, Xiao L, Yamamoto H, Yang FW, Yang L, Yang Y, Yang Z, Yap MJ, Yeeles DW, Yelikar AB, Ying M, Yoo J, Yu H, Yu H, Zadrożny A, Zanolin M, Zelenova T, Zendri JP, Zevin M, Zhang J, Zhang L, Zhang T, Zhang Y, Zhao C, Zhao G, Zhao Y, Zhou R, Zhou Z, Zhu XJ, Zimmerman AB, Zucker ME, Zweizig J, Jeong D, Shandera S. Search for Subsolar-Mass Binaries in the First Half of Advanced LIGO's and Advanced Virgo's Third Observing Run. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:061104. [PMID: 36018635 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.061104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We report on a search for compact binary coalescences where at least one binary component has a mass between 0.2 M_{⊙} and 1.0 M_{⊙} in Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo data collected between 1 April 2019 1500 UTC and 1 October 2019 1500 UTC. We extend our previous analyses in two main ways: we include data from the Virgo detector and we allow for more unequal mass systems, with mass ratio q≥0.1. We do not report any gravitational-wave candidates. The most significant trigger has a false alarm rate of 0.14 yr^{-1}. This implies an upper limit on the merger rate of subsolar binaries in the range [220-24200] Gpc^{-3} yr^{-1}, depending on the chirp mass of the binary. We use this upper limit to derive astrophysical constraints on two phenomenological models that could produce subsolar-mass compact objects. One is an isotropic distribution of equal-mass primordial black holes. Using this model, we find that the fraction of dark matter in primordial black holes in the mass range 0.2 M_{⊙}<m_{PBH}<1.0 M_{⊙} is f_{PBH}≡Ω_{PBH}/Ω_{DM}≲6%. This improves existing constraints on primordial black hole abundance by a factor of ∼3. The other is a dissipative dark matter model, in which fermionic dark matter can collapse and form black holes. The upper limit on the fraction of dark matter black holes depends on the minimum mass of the black holes that can be formed: the most constraining result is obtained at M_{min}=1 M_{⊙}, where f_{DBH}≡Ω_{DBH}/Ω_{DM}≲0.003%. These are the first constraints placed on dissipative dark models by subsolar-mass analyses.
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Cani AK, Hu K, Liu CJ, Siddiqui J, Zheng Y, Han S, Nallandhighal S, Hovelson DH, Xiao L, Pham T, Eyrich NW, Zheng H, Vince R, Tosoian JJ, Palapattu GS, Morgan TM, Wei JT, Udager AM, Chinnaiyan AM, Tomlins SA, Salami SS. Development of a Whole-urine, Multiplexed, Next-generation RNA-sequencing Assay for Early Detection of Aggressive Prostate Cancer. Eur Urol Oncol 2022; 5:430-439. [PMID: 33812851 DOI: 10.1016/j.euo.2021.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite biomarker development advances, early detection of aggressive prostate cancer (PCa) remains challenging. We previously developed a clinical-grade urine test (Michigan Prostate Score [MiPS]) for individualized aggressive PCa risk prediction. MiPS combines serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA), the TMPRSS2:ERG (T2:ERG) gene fusion, and PCA3 lncRNA in whole urine after digital rectal examination (DRE). OBJECTIVE To improve on MiPS with a novel next-generation sequencing (NGS) multibiomarker urine assay for early detection of aggressive PCa. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Preclinical development and validation of a post-DRE urine RNA NGS assay (Urine Prostate Seq [UPSeq]) assessing 84 PCa transcriptomic biomarkers, including T2:ERG, PCA3, additional PCa fusions/isoforms, mRNAs, lncRNAs, and expressed mutations. Our UPSeq model was trained on 73 patients and validated on a held-out set of 36 patients representing the spectrum of disease (benign to grade group [GG] 5 PCa). OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of UPSeq was compared with PSA, MiPS, and other existing models/biomarkers for predicting GG ≥3 PCa. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS UPSeq demonstrated high analytical accuracy and concordance with MiPS, and was able to detect expressed germline HOXB13 and somatic SPOP mutations. In an extreme design cohort (n = 109; benign/GG 1 vs GG ≥3 PCa, stratified to exclude GG 2 cancer in order to capture signal difference between extreme ends of disease), UPSeq showed differential expression for T2:ERG.T1E4 (1.2 vs 78.8 median normalized reads, p < 0.00001) and PCA3 (1024 vs 2521, p = 0.02), additional T2:ERG splice isoforms, and other candidate biomarkers. Using machine learning, we developed a 15-transcript model on the training set (n = 73) that outperformed serum PSA and sequencing-derived MiPS in predicting GG ≥3 PCa in the held-out validation set (n = 36; AUC 0.82 vs 0.69 and 0.69, respectively). CONCLUSIONS These results support the potential utility of our novel urine-based RNA NGS assay to supplement PSA for improved early detection of aggressive PCa. PATIENT SUMMARY We have developed a new urine-based test for the detection of aggressive prostate cancer, which promises improvement upon current biomarker tests.
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Dong J, Jin S, Guo J, Yang R, Tian D, Xue H, Xiao L, Guo Q, Wang R, Xu M, Teng X, Wu Y. Pharmacological inhibition of eIF2alpha phosphorylation by integrated stress response inhibitor (ISRIB) ameliorates vascular calcification in rats. Physiol Res 2022; 71:379-388. [PMID: 35616039 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality with the absence of current treatment. This study aimed to investigate whether eIF2alpha phosphorylation inhibition could ameliorate VC. VC in rats was induced by administration of vitamin D3 (3×10(5) IU/kg, intramuscularly) plus nicotine (25 mg/kg, intragastrically). ISRIB (0.25 mg/kg·week), an inhibitor of eIF2alpha phosphorylation, ameliorated the elevation of calcium deposition and ALP activity in calcified rat aortas, accompanied by amelioration of increased SBP, PP, and PWV. The decreased protein levels of calponin and SM22alpha, and the increased levels of RUNX2 and BMP2 in calcified aorta were all rescued by ISRIB, while the increased levels of the GRP78, GRP94, and C/EBP homologous proteins in rats with VC were also attenuated. Moreover, ISRIB could prevent the elevation of eIF2alpha phosphorylation and ATF4, and partially inhibit PERK phosphorylation in the calcified aorta. These results suggested that an eIF2alpha phosphorylation inhibitor could ameliorate VC pathogenesis by blocking eIF2alpha/ATF4 signaling, which may provide a new target for VC prevention and treatment.
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Zhao C, Xiao L, Xian JC. [Oscheocele as an initial manifestation of pediatric Budd-Chiari syndrome: a case report]. ZHONGHUA GAN ZANG BING ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA GANZANGBING ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY 2022; 30:787-789. [PMID: 36038352 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20201014-00555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
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Hu YL, Yan RJ, Jiang Y, Zhang JW, Ye LL, Xiang L, Cui J, Tang YX, Gao C, Xiao L, Yang YX, Zhang J. [The preference for Front-of-Pack Labeling and its association with the understanding of Nutrition Facts Panel among residents aged 18 to 70: results of a survey in 6 provinces of China]. ZHONGHUA YU FANG YI XUE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE] 2022; 56:952-959. [PMID: 35899348 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20211102-01013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the preference for Front-of-Pack Labeling (FOP) and its association with the understanding of the Nutrition Facts Panel among Chinese residents. Methods: A multi-stage sampling strategy was adopted to select 3 002 people aged between 18 and 70 years old from the eastern region of China (Beijing, Jiangsu Province, Guangdong Province), the northeast region (Heilongjiang Province), the central region (Henan Province) and the western region (Sichuan Province) from July 2020 to March 2021. Socio-demographic characteristics of participants and their understanding of the Nutrition Facts Panel and preference for FOP were collected. The χ² test was conducted to compare the preference for FOP in different groups of population, and multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the association between the preference for FOP and the understanding of the Nutrition Facts Panel. Results: The mean age of 3 002 participants was (42.3±13.4) years, of which 1 914 (63.8%) were females and 69.3% could not understand the Nutrition Facts Panel. About 2 458 respondents (81.9%) suggested that FOP could be promoted. The top three nutrients that should be labeled were sugar (68.4%), salt (68.2%) and total fat (62.4%). The number of participants who believed that the Multiple Traffic Lights (MTL) could be easier to help consumers to quickly choose healthy food, attract attention and provide the most needed information was 1 064 (35.4%), 1 026 (34.2%) and 1 140 (38.0%), respectively. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that, compared with the Guideline Daily Amount (GDA) system, participants who could not understand the Nutrition Facts Panel preferred (1) Nutri-Score, Warning labels, and Health logos: Smart Choice in terms of"Which format of FOP could quickly help you choose food more easily?"[OR (95%CI): 2.21 (1.62-3.02), 1.64 (1.22-2.22), 1.79 (1.31-2.45), respectively]; (2) Nutri-Score, Warning labels, and Health logos: Smart Choice in terms of"Which format of FOP could attract your attention the most?"[OR (95%CI): 2.62 (1.92-3.59), 1.96 (1.45-2.66), 2.25 (1.66-3.04), respectively]; and (3) Nutri-Score, Warning labels, and Health logos: Smart Choice in terms of"Which format of FOP could provide you with the most needed information?"[OR (95%CI): 2.33 (1.70-3.21), 2.21 (1.66-2.95), 2.01 (1.50-2.71), respectively]. Conclusion: The residents from six provinces in China have a supportive attitude towards FOP. The interpretive FOP with color information, specific nutrient information and summary indicator can be launched. The nutrition information of sugar, salt and total fat could be prioritized to be labeled on the FOP.
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Shah P, Bawa P, Xiao L, Kleyman Y, Vo J, Dhanasekaran SM, Brown J, Loeding N, Koons A, Siddiqui J, Cao X, Chinnaiyan AM. Abstract 3383: Circular RNAs as non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers for prostate cancer. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-3383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men. The disease is largely indolent in nature and treatment of low-risk prostate cancer is not always necessary. However, a fraction of the patients will progress to aggressive disease which accounts for most of the cancer related mortality. Detection methods accurately differentiating between high- and low-risk patients for lethal prostate cancer is a critical need and currently, prostate biopsies and subsequent histopathology and molecular profiling are the most definitive way to differentiate between these two patient populations. But biopsies are invasive procedures associated with significant morbidity. Hence, there exists a critical need to develop non-invasive and highly sensitive diagnostic biomarkers to avoid unnecessary biopsies. Here, we propose to develop a novel biomarker panel which constitutes of a class of RNA molecules called circular RNA (circRNA) to be detected in liquid biopsies. Circular RNAs are covalently closed RNA structures, which are resistant to degradation by exoribonucleases because of the absence of free termini in their nucleotide chain. Due to their increased stability compared to their linear counterparts, circRNAs are ideal candidates for biomarkers, especially in non-invasive liquid biopsies. Using MiOncoCirc, a circRNA compendium from >2,000 primary and metastatic cancer tissues representing 40 cancer types, we first identified 9 circRNAs that are specifically expressed in prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD) compared to all other cancer types. Next, we examined if these candidates are differentially expressed between PRAD and normal prostate tissues. Based on higher levels of expression which were statistically significant in the PRAD compared to normal prostate tissues, we promoted 4 circRNAs to our biomarker panel. In addition, our panel also includes 2 circRNAs that we predicted to arise from PRAD specific lncRNAs. To study the expression of the novel 6-circRNA biomarker expression in high-risk prostate cancer patients we developed a capture-based RNA sequencing assay. For the initial round we used this assay to test our pilot post-DRE patient urine sample EDRN cohort and detected expression of the prostate cancer-specific circRNAs in a subset of these post-DRE urine samples. We are in the process of expanding our test cohort which will also contain additional clinical annotations such as Gleason score. Post cohort assembly we intend to run our 6-circRNA capture assay on these samples to determine whether the expression levels of candidate circRNAs are correlated with disease stage and other clinical parameters. Our results will facilitate the rapid development of a diagnostic test using non-invasive urine samples for the early detection of high-risk prostate cancer.
Citation Format: Palak Shah, Pushpinder Bawa, Lanbo Xiao, Yelena Kleyman, Josh Vo, Saravana M. Dhanasekaran, Jason Brown, Nicolette Loeding, Alexander Koons, Javed Siddiqui, Xuhong Cao, Arul M. Chinnaiyan. Circular RNAs as non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers for prostate cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 3383.
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Parolia A, Xiao L, Qiao Y, Bawa P, Eyunni S, Young E, Mannan R, Carson SE, Chang Y, Zhang Y, George J, Jaber M, Su F, Wang R, Sasmal S, Khare L, Mukerjee S, AbbinenI C, Aithal K, Cao X, Wang Y, Samajdar S, Ramachandra M, Chinnaiyan AM. Abstract 3592: Targeting SWI/SNF ATPases in enhancer-addicted human cancers. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-3592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In mammalian cells, DNA is wrapped around histone octamers (collectively referred to as nucleosomes) which form a physical barrier to all DNA-based processes. The switch/sucrose non-fermentable (SWI/SNF) is a multi-subunit chromatin remodeling complex that uses energy from ATP hydrolysis to reposition or eject nucleosomes at non-coding regulatory elements, thereby enabling access to the underlying DNA for transcriptional activation. Notably, the SWI/SNF complex plays a crucial role in chromatin remodeling and is recurrently altered in over 20% of human cancers, with the revised complex in cancer cells enabling central oncogenic gene programs. Yet, no studies have assessed the therapeutic efficacy of complete SWI/SNF inactivation across human cancers. Here, we developed a proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) degrader of ATPase subunits of the SWI/SNF complex, SMARCA2 and SMARCA4. In a panel with over 90 normal and cancer cell lines from 18 different lineages, we found MYC-driven multiple myeloma and androgen receptor (AR)/forkhead box A1 (FOXA1)-positive prostate and breast cancers to be preferentially sensitive to dual SMARCA2 and SMARCA4 degradation relative to benign prostate as well as other cancer cell lines, including cancer cell lines with inactivating SMARCA4 mutations. We found complete SWI/SNF ATPase degradation to instantaneously compact the cis-regulatory elements that are bound and activated by transcription factors that drive cancer proliferation, namely MYC, IRF4, TCF3, AR, FOXA1, and ERG. This ensued in parallel untethering of these oncogenic drivers from the chromatin, with subsequent chemical decommissioning of their core enhancer circuitry and attenuation of downstream gene programs. Furthermore, using chromatin conformation assays we found SWI/SNF inactivation to disrupt super-enhancer and promoter DNA looping interactions that wire supra-physiologic expression of the MYC, AR, ERG, IRF4, and TCF3 oncogenes themselves, thereby tempering their expression in cancer cells. Treatment with the SMARCA2/4 degrader alone induced potent inhibition of tumor growth in cell line-derived xenograft models of multiple myeloma, as well as prostate cancer, and synergized with AR antagonists, inducing disease remission in several drug-resistant disease models. Notably, no major toxicities were seen in mice upon prolonged treatment with the SMARCA2/4 degrader, including no indications of thrombocytopenia, gastrointestinal goblet cell depletion, or germ cell degeneration—all being major toxicities associated with the BRD4-targeting therapeutics. To our knowledge, this study is the first preclinical proof of concept that targeted obstruction of chromatin accessibility at non-coding regulatory elements can be a potent therapeutic strategy in enhancer-addicted tumors, warranting the safety and efficacy assessments of SWI/SNF inhibitors and degraders in human clinical trials.
Citation Format: Abhijit Parolia, Lanbo Xiao, Yuanyuan Qiao, Pushpinder Bawa, Sanjana Eyunni, Eleanor Young, Rahul Mannan, Sandra E. Carson, Yu Chang, Yuping Zhang, James George, Mustapha Jaber, Fengyun Su, Rui Wang, Sanjita Sasmal, Leena Khare, Subhendu Mukerjee, Chandrasekhar AbbinenI, Kiran Aithal, Xuhong Cao, Yuzhuo Wang, Susanta Samajdar, Murali Ramachandra, Arul M. Chinnaiyan. Targeting SWI/SNF ATPases in enhancer-addicted human cancers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 3592.
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Xiao L, Parolia A, Qiao Y, Pushpinder PB, Eyunni S, Mannan R, Carson SE, Chang Y, Wang X, Zhang Y, Vo J, Kregel S, Simko SA, Delekta AD, Jaber M, Zheng H, Apel I, McMurry L, Su F, Wang R, Wang S, Sasmal S, Satyam LK, Mukherjee S, AbbinenI C, Aithal K, Bhakta MS, Ghurye J, Cao X, Navone NM, Nesvizhskii A, Mehra R, Vaishampayan U, Blanchette M, Wang Y, Samajdar S, Ramachandra M, Chinnaiyan AM. Abstract 5469: Targeting SWI/SNF ATPases in enhancer-addicted prostate cancer. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-5469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The switch/sucrose non-fermentable (SWI/SNF) complex plays a crucial role in chromatin remodeling and is recurrently altered in over 20% of human cancers. Here, we developed a proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) degrader of ATPase subunits of the SWI/SNF complex, SMARCA2 and SMARCA4. Intriguingly, we found androgen receptor (AR)/forkhead box A1 (FOXA1)-positive prostate cancer to be exquisitely sensitive to dual SMARCA2 and SMARCA4 degradation relative to benign prostate as well as other cancer cell lines, including those with inactivating SMARCA4 mutations. Mechanistically, SWI/SNF inhibition rapidly compacts the cis-regulatory elements that are bound and activated by transcription factors that drive cancer proliferation, namely AR, FOXA1, ERG, and MYC. This ensues in chromatin untethering of these oncogenic drivers, chemical decommissioning of their core enhancer circuitry, and attenuation of downstream gene programs. Furthermore, we found SWI/SNF inhibition to disrupt super-enhancer and promoter DNA looping interactions that wire supra-physiologic expression of the AR, FOXA1, and MYC oncogenes, thereby tempering their expression in cancer cells. Monotherapy with the SMARCA2/4 degrader induced potent inhibition of tumor growth in cell line-derived xenograft models of prostate cancer and remarkably synergized with AR antagonists, inducing disease remission in models of castration-resistant prostate cancer. We also found the combinatorial treatment to significantly inhibit the growth of enzalutamide resistant disease using in vitro as well as patient-derived xenograft models. Notably, no major toxicities were seen in mice upon prolonged treatment with the SMARCA2/4 degrader, including no indications of thrombocytopenia, gastrointestinal goblet cell depletion, or germ cell degeneration. Taken together, these results suggest that impeding enhancer accessibility through SWI/SNF ATPase inactivation represents a novel therapeutic approach in enhancer addicted human cancers.
Citation Format: Lanbo Xiao, Abhijit Parolia, Yuanyuan Qiao, Pushpinder Bawa Pushpinder, Sanjana Eyunni, Rahul Mannan, Sandra E. Carson, Yu Chang, Xiaoju Wang, Yuping Zhang, Josh Vo, Steven Kregel, Stephanie A. Simko, Andrew D. Delekta, Mustapha Jaber, Heng Zheng, Ingrid Apel, Lisa McMurry, Fengyun Su, Rui Wang, Sylvia Wang, Sanjita Sasmal, Leena K. Satyam, Subhendu Mukherjee, Chandrasekhar AbbinenI, Kiran Aithal, Mital S. Bhakta, Jay Ghurye, Xuhong Cao, Nora M. Navone, Alexey Nesvizhskii, Rohit Mehra, Ulka Vaishampayan, Marco Blanchette, Yuzhuo Wang, Susanta Samajdar, Murali Ramachandra, Arul M. Chinnaiyan. Targeting SWI/SNF ATPases in enhancer-addicted prostate cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 5469.
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Nan Y, Di XB, Zeng XY, Xie HY, Meng ZD, Liu SW, Xiao L. [Quit intention and smoking cessation behavior of current smokers aged 15 years and above in China, 2018]. ZHONGHUA LIU XING BING XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LIUXINGBINGXUE ZAZHI 2022; 43:818-823. [PMID: 35725335 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20211130-00932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To describe the current situation on quit intention and quit attempts among current smokers aged 15 years and above in China and explore the main factors affecting their smoking cessation behaviors. Methods: The subjects were people aged 15 years and above in China. A stratified multi-phased randomized cluster sampling method was used. The survey covered 200 districts/counties in 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government), including 19 376 people under investigation. The data were weighted with SAS 9.4 for complex sampling analysis, and the frequency and weighted component ratio were used for description. The influencing factors were studied using the Rao Scott χ2 test and unconditional multivariate logistic regression. Results: Among current smokers, 6.63% reported that they planned to quit smoking in the next month, 5.44% for men and 8.49% for women. 17.96% of the current smokers made quit attempts in the past 12 months, with 17.80% men and 22.15% women. People who smoke occasionally (OR=3.42, 95%CI: 2.09-5.59) made quit attempts in the past (OR=4.91, 95%CI: 0.33-0.52) and knew that smoking would lead to three diseases (OR=2.24, 95%CI: 1.48-3.40) had higher quit intention. People who occasionally smoke (OR=1.68, 95%CI: 1.20-2.34) received smoking cessation suggestions from medical staff (OR=1.96, 95%CI: 1.62-2.37), were a ware of that smoking causes three diseases (OR=1.63, 95%CI: 1.32-2.02) and had smoking prohibition regulations in indoor areas of their homes, had a higher rate of quit attempts. Conclusion: Providing effective smoking cessation intervention services and creating a supportive tobacco control environment are significant in promoting smoking cessation behavior.
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