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Cahan SH, Orantes LC, Wallin KF, Hanley JP, Rizzo DM, Stevens L, Dorn PL, Rodas A, Monroy C. Residual survival and local dispersal drive reinfestation by Triatoma dimidiata following insecticide application in Guatemala. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2019; 74:104000. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2019.104000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Keller JI, Lima-Cordón R, Monroy MC, Schmoker AM, Zhang F, Howard A, Ballif BA, Stevens L. Protein mass spectrometry detects multiple bloodmeals for enhanced Chagas disease vector ecology. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2019; 74:103998. [PMID: 31401306 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2019.103998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Chagas disease, a neglected tropical disease endemic in Latin America, is caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi and is responsible for significant health impacts, especially in rural communities. The parasite is transmitted by insect vectors in the Triatominae subfamily and due to lack of vaccines and limited treatment options, vector control is the main way of controlling the disease. Knowing what vectors are feeding on directly enhances our understanding of the ecology and biology of the different vector species and can potentially aid in engaging communities in active disease control, a concept known as Ecohealth management. We evaluated bloodmeals in rural community, house-caught insect vectors previously evaluated for bloodmeals via DNA analysis as part of a larger collaborative project from three countries in Central America, including Guatemala. In addition to identifying bloodmeals in 100% of all samples using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) (n = 50), strikingly for 53% of these samples there was no evidence of a recent bloodmeal by DNA-PCR. As individual vectors often feed on multiple sources, we developed an enhanced detection pipeline, and showed the ability to quantify a bloodmeal using stable-isotope-containing synthetic references peptides, a first step in further exploration of species-specific bloodmeal composition. Furthermore, we show that a lower resolution mass spectrometer is sufficient to correctly identify taxa from bloodmeals, an important and strong attribute of our LC-MS/MS-based method, opening the door to using proteomics in countries where Chagas disease is endemic.
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Lim S, Burton C, Barrans S, Kirkwood A, Patrick P, Stevens L, Clifton-Hadley L, Johnson P, Thirdborough S. TRANSCRIPTIONAL NETWORKS ASSOCIATED WITH TREATMENT FAILURE IN ADVANCED-STAGE HODGKIN LYMPHOMA: DATA FROM THE RATHL TRIAL (CRUK/07/033). Hematol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.103_2630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Lima-Cordón RA, Monroy MC, Stevens L, Rodas A, Rodas GA, Dorn PL, Justi SA. Description of Triatomahuehuetenanguensis sp. n., a potential Chagas disease vector (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae). Zookeys 2019:51-70. [PMID: 30728739 PMCID: PMC6361876 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.820.27258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A new species of the genus Triatoma Laporte, 1832 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) is described based on specimens collected in the department of Huehuetenango, Guatemala. Triatomahuehuetenanguensissp. n. is closely related to T.dimidiata (Latreille, 1811), with the following main morphological differences: lighter color; smaller overall size, including head length; and width and length of the pronotum. Natural Trypanosomacruzi (Chagas, 1909) infection, coupled with its presence in domestic habitats, makes this species a potentially important vector of Trypanosomacruzi in Guatemala.
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Lima-Cordón RA, Stevens L, Solórzano Ortíz E, Rodas GA, Castellanos S, Rodas A, Abrego V, Zúniga Valeriano C, Monroy MC. Implementation science: Epidemiology and feeding profiles of the Chagas vector Triatoma dimidiata prior to Ecohealth intervention for three locations in Central America. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018; 12:e0006952. [PMID: 30485265 PMCID: PMC6287883 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Ecohealth strategy is a multidisciplinary data-driven approach used to improve the quality of people's lives in Chagas disease endemic areas, such as regions of Central America. Chagas is a vector-borne disease caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. In Central America, the main vector is Triatoma dimidiata. Because successful implementation of the Ecohealth approach reduced home infestation in Jutiapa department, Guatemala, it was scaled-up to three localities, one in each of three Central American countries (Texistepeque, El Salvador; San Marcos de la Sierra, Honduras and Olopa, Guatemala). As a basis for the house improvement phase of the Ecohealth program, we determined if the localities differ in the role of sylvatic, synanthropic and domestic animals in the Chagas transmission cycle by measuring entomological indices, blood meal sources and parasite infection from vectors collected in and around houses. The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) with taxa specific primers to detect both, blood sources and parasite infection, was used to assess 71 T. dimidiata from Texistepeque, 84 from San Marcos de la Sierra and 568 from Olopa. Our results show that infestation (12.98%) and colonization (8.95%) indices were highest in Olopa; whereas T. cruzi prevalence was higher in Texistepeque and San Marcos de la Sierra (>40%) than Olopa (8%). The blood meal source profiles showed that in Olopa, opossum might be important in linking the sylvatic and domestic Chagas transmission cycle, whereas in San Marcos de la Sierra dogs play a major role in maintaining domestic transmission. For Texistepeque, bird was the major blood meal source followed by human. When examining the different life stages, we found that in Olopa, the proportion bugs infected with T. cruzi is higher in adults than nymphs. These findings highlight the importance of location-based recommendations for decreasing human-vector contact in the control of Chagas disease.
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Adjibodu B, Mukumbola kasongo A, Potvin J, Gobeil F, Forcillo J, Stevens L, Noiseux N, Masson J. EFFECTIVENESS AND LIMITATIONS OF AN EARLY DISCHARGE CARE PATHWAY FOR TRANS-CATHETER AORTIC VALVE RECIPIENTS IN A MODERATE VOLUME CENTRE. Can J Cardiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2018.07.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Stevens L, Dagenais F, Perrault L, Jeanmart H, David G, de Varennes B, Noiseux N, Langlois Y. DEVELOPMENT OF A PROVINCIAL RISK PREDICTION MODEL FOR ISOLATED CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING. Can J Cardiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2018.07.389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Der Sarkissian S, Sauvé J, Larose É, Busque L, Aceros H, Prieto I, Basile F, Stevens L, Mansour S, Roy D, Noiseux N. DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION ANALYSIS OF CD133+ STEM CELLS IN ACUTE AND CHRONIC MI PATIENTS WITH LV DYSFUNCTION REVEALS PATHWAYS ASSOCIATED WITH THERAPEUTIC EFFECTIVENESS OF STEM CELL THERAPY FOR ISCHEMIC CARDIOMYOPATHIES. Can J Cardiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2018.07.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Orantes LC, Monroy C, Dorn PL, Stevens L, Rizzo DM, Morrissey L, Hanley JP, Rodas AG, Richards B, Wallin KF, Helms Cahan S. Uncovering vector, parasite, blood meal and microbiome patterns from mixed-DNA specimens of the Chagas disease vector Triatoma dimidiata. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018; 12:e0006730. [PMID: 30335763 PMCID: PMC6193617 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease, considered a neglected disease by the World Health Organization, is caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, and transmitted by >140 triatomine species across the Americas. In Central America, the main vector is Triatoma dimidiata, an opportunistic blood meal feeder inhabiting both domestic and sylvatic ecotopes. Given the diversity of interacting biological agents involved in the epidemiology of Chagas disease, having simultaneous information on the dynamics of the parasite, vector, the gut microbiome of the vector, and the blood meal source would facilitate identifying key biotic factors associated with the risk of T. cruzi transmission. In this study, we developed a RADseq-based analysis pipeline to study mixed-species DNA extracted from T. dimidiata abdomens. To evaluate the efficacy of the method across spatial scales, we used a nested spatial sampling design that spanned from individual villages within Guatemala to major biogeographic regions of Central America. Information from each biotic source was distinguished with bioinformatics tools and used to evaluate the prevalence of T. cruzi infection and predominant Discrete Typing Units (DTUs) in the region, the population genetic structure of T. dimidiata, gut microbial diversity, and the blood meal history. An average of 3.25 million reads per specimen were obtained, with approximately 1% assigned to the parasite, 20% to the vector, 11% to bacteria, and 4% to putative blood meals. Using a total of 6,405 T. cruzi SNPs, we detected nine infected vectors harboring two distinct DTUs: TcI and a second unidentified strain, possibly TcIV. Vector specimens were sufficiently variable for population genomic analyses, with a total of 25,710 T. dimidiata SNPs across all samples that were sufficient to detect geographic genetic structure at both local and regional scales. We observed a diverse microbiotic community, with significantly higher bacterial species richness in infected T. dimidiata abdomens than those that were not infected. Unifrac analysis suggests a common assemblage of bacteria associated with infection, which co-occurs with the typical gut microbial community derived from the local environment. We identified vertebrate blood meals from five T. dimidiata abdomens, including chicken, dog, duck and human; however, additional detection methods would be necessary to confidently identify blood meal sources from most specimens. Overall, our study shows this method is effective for simultaneously generating genetic data on vectors and their associated parasites, along with ecological information on feeding patterns and microbial interactions that may be followed up with complementary approaches such as PCR-based parasite detection, 18S eukaryotic and 16S bacterial barcoding.
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Keller JI, Schmidt JO, Schmoker AM, Ballif BA, Stevens L. Protein mass spectrometry extends temporal blood meal detection over polymerase chain reaction in mouse-fed Chagas disease vectors. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2018; 113:e180160. [PMID: 30277492 PMCID: PMC6167943 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760180160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chagas disease is highly prevalent in Latin America, and vector control is the most effective control strategy to date. We have previously shown that liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is a valuable tool for identifying triatomine vector blood meals. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine blood meal detection ability as a function of method [polymerase chain reaction (PCR) vs. LC-MS/MS], time since feeding, and the effect of molting in mouse-fed triatomine insect vectors targeting hemoglobin and albumin proteins with LC-MS/MS and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINE)-based PCR. METHODS We experimentally fed Triatoma protracta on mice and used LC-MS/MS to detect hemoglobin and albumin peptides over time post-feeding and post-molting (≤ 12 weeks). We compared LC-MS/MS results with those of a standard PCR method based on SINEs. FINDINGS Hemoglobin-based LC-MS/MS detected blood meals most robustly at all time points post-feeding. Post-molting, no blood meals were detected with PCR, whereas LC-MS/MS detected mouse hemoglobin and albumin up to 12 weeks. MAIN CONCLUSIONS In our study, the hemoglobin signature in the insect abdomen lasted longer than that of albumin and DNA. LC-MS/MS using hemoglobin shows promise for identifying triatomine blood meals over long temporal scales and even post-molting. Clarifying the frequency of blood-feeding on different hosts can foster our understanding of vector behavior and may help devise sounder disease-control strategies, including Ecohealth (community based ecosystem management) approaches.
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Gallant JP, Lima-Cordón RA, Justi SA, Monroy MC, Viola T, Stevens L. The role of natural selection in shaping genetic variation in a promising Chagas disease drug target: Trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidase. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2018; 62:151-159. [PMID: 29684709 PMCID: PMC6196115 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2018.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Rational drug design creates innovative therapeutics based on knowledge of the biological target to provide more effective and responsible therapeutics. Chagas disease, endemic throughout Latin America, is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, a protozoan parasite. Current therapeutics are problematic with widespread calls for new approaches. Researchers are using rational drug design for Chagas disease and one target receiving considerable attention is the T. cruzi trans-sialidase protein (TcTS). In T. cruzi, trans-sialidase catalyzes the transfer of sialic acid from a mammalian host to coat the parasite surface membrane and avoid immuno-detection. However, the role of TcTS in pathology variance among and within genetic variants of the parasite is not well understood despite numerous studies. Previous studies reported the crystalline structure of TcTS and the TS protein structure in other trypanosomes where the enzyme is often inactive. However, no study has examined the role of natural selection in genetic variation in TcTS. To understand the role of natural selection in TcTS DNA sequence and protein variation, we examined a 471 bp portion of the TcTS gene from 48 T. cruzi samples isolated from insect vectors. Because there may be multiple parasite genotypes infecting one insect and there are multiple copies of TcTS per parasite genome, all 48 sequences had multiple polymorphic bases. To resolve these polymorphisms, we examined cloned sequences from two insect vectors. The data are analyzed to understand the role of natural selection in shaping genetic variation in TcTS and interpreted in light of the possible role of TcTS as a drug target. The analysis highlights negative or purifying selection on three amino acids previously shown to be important in TcTS transfer activity. One amino acid in particular, Tyr342, is a strong candidate for a drug target because it is under negative selection and amino acid substitutions inactivate TcTS transfer activity. AUTHOR SUMMARY: Chagas disease is caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi and transmitted to humans and other mammals primarily by Triatomine insects. Being endemic in many South and Central American countries and affecting millions of people the need for new more effective and safe therapies is evident. Here, we examine genetic variation and natural selection on DNA (471 bp) and amino acid (157 aa) sequence data of the T. cruzi trans-sialdiase (TcTS) protein, often suggested as a candidate for rational drug design. In our surveyed region of the protein there were five amino acid residues that have been shown to be integral to the function of TcTS. We found that three were under strong negative selection making them ideal candidates for drug design; however, one was under balancing selection and should be avoided as a drug target. Our study provides new information into identifying potential targets for a new Chagas drug.
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Dorn PL, Justi SA, Dale C, Stevens L, Galvão C, Lima-Cordón R, Monroy C. Description of Triatoma mopan sp. n. from a cave in Belize (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae). Zookeys 2018:69-95. [PMID: 30057472 PMCID: PMC6058004 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.775.22553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, Triatomamopansp. n. is described based on five males and six females collected in the Rio Frio cave, Cayo District, Belize. This species is similar to Triatomadimidiata (Latreille), but can be distinguished by characters found on the pronotum, legs, and abdomen. Geometric morphometry and phylogenetic comparisons are also provided. Presently, the species is known only from the type locality and is a potential Chagas vector.
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Der Sarkissian S, Sauvé J, Larose E, Stevens L, Yau T, Prieto I, Basile F, Mansour S, Roy D, Noiseux N. Identification of differential expression phenotypes of CD133 + stem cells in acute and chronic myocardial infarct patients and specific expression pathways underpinning therapeutic responsiveness in regenerative therapy. Cytotherapy 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Justi SA, Cahan S, Stevens L, Monroy C, Lima-Cordón R, Dorn PL. Vectors of diversity: Genome wide diversity across the geographic range of the Chagas disease vector Triatoma dimidiata sensu lato (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2018; 120:144-150. [PMID: 29248626 PMCID: PMC5991476 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2017.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
To date, the phylogeny of Triatoma dimidiata sensu lato (s. l.) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae), the epidemiologically most important Chagas disease vector in Central America and a secondary vector in Mexico and northern South America, has only been investigated by one multi-copy nuclear gene (Internal Transcribed Spacer - 2) and a few mitochondrial genes. We examined 450 specimens sampled across most of its native range from Mexico to Ecuador using reduced representation next-generation sequencing encompassing over 16,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Using a combined phylogenetic and species delimitation approach we uncovered two distinct species, as well as a well-defined third group that may contain multiple species. The findings are discussed with respect to possible drivers of diversification and the epidemiological importance of the distinct species and groups.
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Javaid M, Ashrawi D, Landgren R, Stevens L, Bello R, Foxhall L, Mims M, Ramondetta L. Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Uptake in Texas Pediatric Care Settings: A Statewide Survey of Healthcare Professionals. J Community Health 2018; 42:58-65. [PMID: 27473752 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-016-0228-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify barriers to and facilitators of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in children aged 9-17 years across Texas. A literature review informed the development of a web-based survey designed for people whose work involves HPV vaccination in settings serving pediatric patients. The survey was used to examine current HPV vaccine recommendation practices among healthcare providers, barriers to HPV vaccination, reasons for parent/caregiver vaccine refusal, staff and family education practices, utilization of reminder and recall systems and status of vaccine administration (payment, ordering and stocking). 1132 responses were received representing healthcare providers, administrative and managerial staff. Respondents identified perceived barriers to HPV vaccination as parental beliefs about lack of necessity of vaccination prior to sexual debut, parental concerns regarding safety and/or side effects, parental perceptions that their child is at low risk for HPV-related disease, and parental lack of knowledge that the vaccine is a series of three shots. Of responding healthcare providers, 94 % (n = 582) reported they recommend the vaccine for 9-12 year olds; however, same-day acceptance of the vaccine is low with only 5 % (n = 31) of providers reporting the HPV vaccine is "always" accepted the same day the recommendation is made. Healthcare providers and multidisciplinary care teams in pediatric care settings must work to identify gaps between recommendation and uptake to maximize clinical opportunities. Training in methods to communicate an effective HPV recommendation and patient education tailored to address identified barriers may be helpful to reduce missed opportunities and increase on-time HPV vaccinations.
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Keller JI, Ballif BA, St. Clair RM, Vincent JJ, Monroy MC, Stevens L. Chagas disease vector blood meal sources identified by protein mass spectrometry. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189647. [PMID: 29232402 PMCID: PMC5726658 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease is a complex vector borne parasitic disease involving blood feeding Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) insects, also known as kissing bugs, and the vertebrates they feed on. This disease has tremendous impacts on millions of people and is a global health problem. The etiological agent of Chagas disease, Trypanosoma cruzi (Kinetoplastea: Trypanosomatida: Trypanosomatidae), is deposited on the mammalian host in the insect’s feces during a blood meal, and enters the host’s blood stream through mucous membranes or a break in the skin. Identifying the blood meal sources of triatomine vectors is critical in understanding Chagas disease transmission dynamics, can lead to identification of other vertebrates important in the transmission cycle, and aids management decisions. The latter is particularly important as there is little in the way of effective therapeutics for Chagas disease. Several techniques, mostly DNA-based, are available for blood meal identification. However, further methods are needed, particularly when sample conditions lead to low-quality DNA or to assess the risk of human cross-contamination. We demonstrate a proteomics-based approach, using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to identify host-specific hemoglobin peptides for blood meal identification in mouse blood control samples and apply LC-MS/MS for the first time to Triatoma dimidiata insect vectors, tracing blood sources to species. In contrast to most proteins, hemoglobin, stabilized by iron, is incredibly stable even being preserved through geologic time. We compared blood stored with and without an anticoagulant and examined field-collected insect specimens stored in suboptimal conditions such as at room temperature for long periods of time. To our knowledge, this is the first study using LC-MS/MS on field-collected arthropod disease vectors to identify blood meal composition, and where blood meal identification was confirmed with more traditional DNA-based methods. We also demonstrate the potential of synthetic peptide standards to estimate relative amounts of hemoglobin acquired when insects feed on multiple blood sources. These LC-MS/MS methods can contribute to developing Ecohealth control strategies for Chagas disease transmission and can be applied to other arthropod disease vectors.
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Der Sarkissian S, Aceros H, Borie M, Stevens L, Mansour S, Noiseux N. IDENTIFICATION OF A NOVEL HIGHLY EFFICIENT PHARMACOLOGICAL CANDIDATE FOR USE AS AN INFARCT-SPARING DRUG. Can J Cardiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2017.07.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Mazine A, Bouhout I, Saydy N, Stevens L, Gagné-Loranger M, Lamarche Y, Bouchard D. RELATIVE ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY IS ASSOCIATED WITH PROLONGED POSTOPERATIVE HEMODYNAMIC INSTABILITY IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING CARDIAC SURGERY. Can J Cardiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2017.07.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Mazine A, Ghoneim A, Stevens L, El Hamamsy I, Harrington A, Losenno K, Hassan A, Peterson M, Chu M. THE LEARNING CURVE OF THORACIC AORTIC SURGERY WITH HYPOTHERMIC CIRCULATORY ARREST: A CUMULATIVE SUM ANALYSIS OF 348 OPERATIONS FROM THREE EARLY-CAREER SURGEONS. Can J Cardiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2017.07.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Der Sarkissian S, Sauvé J, Larose E, Aceros H, Mansour S, Stevens L, Prieto I, Basile F, Roy D, Noiseux N. RNA-SEQ DATA ANALYSIS IDENTIFIES STEM CELL TRANSCRIPTOMIC SIGNATURES UNDERPINNING THE THERAPEUTIC EFFECTIVENESS OF PATIENT CELLS IN THE IMPACT-CABG TRIAL. Can J Cardiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2017.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Dorn PL, McClure AG, Gallaspy MD, Waleckx E, Woods AS, Monroy MC, Stevens L. The diversity of the Chagas parasite, Trypanosoma cruzi, infecting the main Central American vector, Triatoma dimidiata, from Mexico to Colombia. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0005878. [PMID: 28957315 PMCID: PMC5619707 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the strains of Trypanosoma cruzi circulating in Central America and specifically in the most important vector in this region, Triatoma dimidiata. Approximately six million people are infected with T. cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease, which has the greatest negative economic impact and is responsible for ~12,000 deaths annually in Latin America. By international consensus, strains of T. cruzi are divided into six monophyletic clades called discrete typing units (DTUs TcI-VI) and a seventh DTU first identified in bats called TcBat. TcI shows the greatest geographic range and diversity. Identifying strains present and diversity within these strains is important as different strains and their genotypes may cause different pathologies and may circulate in different localities and transmission cycles, thus impacting control efforts, treatment and vaccine development. To determine parasite strains present in T. dimidiata across its geographic range from Mexico to Colombia, we isolated abdominal DNA from T. dimidiata and determined which specimens were infected with T. cruzi by PCR. Strains from infected insects were determined by comparing the sequence of the 18S rDNA and the spliced-leader intergenic region to typed strains in GenBank. Two DTUs were found: 94% of infected T. dimidiata contained TcI and 6% contained TcIV. TcI exhibited high genetic diversity. Geographic structure of TcI haplotypes was evident by Principal Component and Median-Joining Network analyses as well as a significant result in the Mantel test, indicating isolation by distance. There was little evidence of association with TcI haplotypes and host/vector or ecotope. This study provides new information about the strains circulating in the most important Chagas vector in Central America and reveals considerable variability within TcI as well as geographic structuring at this large geographic scale. The lack of association with particular vectors/hosts or ecotopes suggests the parasites are moving among vectors/hosts and ecotopes therefore a comprehensive approach, such as the Ecohealth approach that makes houses refractory to the vectors will be needed to successfully halt transmission of Chagas disease.
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Trotman J, Fosså A, Federico M, Stevens L, Kirkwood A, Clifton-Hadley L, Patrick P, Berkahn L, D'Amore F, Enblad G, Luminari S, Radford J, Barrington S, Johnson P. RESPONSE-ADJUSTED THERAPY FOR ADVANCED HODGKIN LYMPHOMA (RATHL) TRIAL: LONGER FOLLOW UP CONFIRMS EFFICACY OF DE-ESCALATION AFTER a NEGATIVE INTERIM PET SCAN (CRUK/07/033). Hematol Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.2437_53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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48
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Pike L, Kirkwood A, Patrick P, Radford J, Burton C, Stevens L, Clifton-Hadley L, Johnson P, Barrington S. CAN BASELINE PET-CT FEATURES PREDICT OUTCOMES IN ADVANCED HODGKIN LYMPHOMA? A PROSPECTIVE EVALUATION OF UK PATIENTS IN THE RATHL TRIAL (CRUK/07/033). Hematol Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.2437_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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49
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Preston A, Kirkwood A, Federico M, Trotman J, Fossa A, Stevens L, Clifton-Hadley L, Patrick P, Berkahn L, d'Amore F, Enblad G, Luminari S, Radford J, Johnson P. OUTCOMES OF TREATMENT FOR OBESE PATIENTS WITH ADVANCED HODGKIN LYMPHOMA IN THE RATHL TRIAL (CRUK/07/033). Hematol Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.2438_31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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50
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Stevens L, Yan G, Pray LA. CONSEQUENCES OF INBREEDING ON INVERTEBRATE HOST SUSCEPTIBILITY TO PARASITIC INFECTION. Evolution 2017; 51:2032-2039. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb05126.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/1997] [Accepted: 08/11/1997] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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