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Besson M, Flèche G, Fuertes P, Gallezot P, Lahmer F. Oxidation of glucose and gluconate on Pt, Pt Bi, and Pt Au catalysts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/recl.19961150405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Iselin-Chaves IA, Grötzsch H, Besson M, Burkhard PR, Savoldelli GL. Naloxone-responsive acute dystonia and parkinsonism following general anaesthesia. Anaesthesia 2009; 64:1359-62. [PMID: 19839983 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.2009.06068.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Various movement disorders such as dystonia may acutely develop during or at emergence from general anaesthesia in patients with or without pre-existing Parkinson disease. These movements are triggered by a variety of drugs including propofol, sevoflurane, anti-emetics, antipsychotics and opioids. The postulated mechanism involves an imbalance between dopaminergic and cholinergic neurotransmitters in the basal ganglia. We report an acute, severe and generalised dystonic reaction in an otherwise healthy woman at emergence from general anaesthesia, dramatically reversed by the administration of naloxone, pointing to a potential role of the fentanyl and morphine that the patient had received. Recent literature on the mechanisms of abnormal movements induced by opioids are discussed. The severity of the reaction with usual doses of opioids, in a patient with no prior history of parkinsonism, led to further investigation that demonstrated the possibility of an enhanced susceptibility to opioids, involving a genetically determined abnormal function of glycoproteine-P and catechol-O-methyltransferase.
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Love-Jones SJ, Steeds CE, Besson M, Brook P, Chizh BA, Pickering AE. Homotopic stimulation can reduce the area of allodynia in patients with neuropathic pain. Anaesthesia 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.2009.05780_1.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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de Brito P, Gomez M, Besson M, Scotto B, Huten N, Alison D. Frequency and epidemiology of primary epiploic appendagitis on computed tomography in adults with abdominal pain [in French]. Clin Imaging 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2008.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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de Brito P, Gomez M, Besson M, Scotto B, Huten N, Alison D. Fréquence et épidémiologiedescriptive de l’appendicite épiploïque primitive par l’exploration tomodensitométrique des douleurs abdominales de l’adulte. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 89:235-43. [DOI: 10.1016/s0221-0363(08)70399-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Besson M, Desmeules J, Wolff H, Gaspoz JM. [Self-medication amongst illegal Latino-American immigrants: necessary or inapropriate]. REVUE MEDICALE SUISSE 2007; 3:2239-2243. [PMID: 17970159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Self-medication is well known risk in Latin America. This situation can partly be explain by the difficult access to doctors and poorly regulated drug sales. Illegal Latino-American immigrants import their practice of self-medication and their drugs with them. The economic advantage of this practice makes it popular and confronts medical practitioners to question the benefice/risk of such behavior. Taking the particular situation of illegal Latino-American immigrants, this review discusses the necessity of abording systematically the question of self-medication during a medical consultation.
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Arnault V, Pautrat K, Besson M, de Pinieux G, de Calan L. [Melanoma metastatic to the digestive system]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 144:79-81. [PMID: 17369770 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-7697(07)89476-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Molles BE, Maskos U, Pons S, Besson M, Guiard P, Guilloux JP, Evrard A, Cormier A, Mameli-Engvall M, Cloëz-Tayarani I, Nakatani H, Dufour N, Bemelmans AP, Mallet J, Cazala P, Gardier AM, David V, Faure P, Granon S, Changeux JP. Targeted in vivo expression of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in mouse brain using lentiviral expression vectors. J Mol Neurosci 2007; 30:105-6. [PMID: 17192649 DOI: 10.1385/jmn:30:1:105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/1999] [Revised: 11/30/1999] [Accepted: 11/30/1999] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the brain exhibit diverse functional properties and ubiquitous distribution. Yet, except for providing a receptor for the exogenously applied nicotine of tobacco products, their role in the normal functioning of the brain has remained elusive. We have used a lentiviral expression vector to re-express the beta2 subunit specifically in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) of beta2-/- mice. The viral vector efficiently expresses beta2- subunit protein leading to new nAChR-binding sites. VTA neurons transduced by the lentiviral vector are responsive to intravenous nicotine when analyzed using in vivo electrophysiology. Nicotine-induced dopamine release from the nucleus accumbens (NuAcc) was also restored in re-expressing beta2-/- mice. Intra-VTA injection of nicotine was found to be reinforcing in both wild-type and beta2-subunit re-expressing beta2-/- mice, but not in beta2-/- mice. Furthermore, in the absence of applied nicotine, the spontaneous slow exploratory behavior of the mice was restored, whereas fast navigation did not change. This latter behavioral analysis suggests a role for beta2* nAChR, specifically expressed in the VTA, in mammalian cognitive function.
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Chabert J, Rebsamen M, Cedraschi C, Besson M, Chiappe A, Daali Y, Piguet V, Rossier M, Dayer P, Desmeules J. 420 SIGNIFICANCE OF GENETIC AND NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS IN FIBROMYALGIA. Eur J Pain 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1090-3801(06)60423-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Desmeules J, Cedraschi C, Besson M, Chabert J, Piguet V, Dayer P. 419 CENTRAL PAIN SENSITIZATION AND PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS IN FIBROMYALGIA. Eur J Pain 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1090-3801(06)60422-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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36
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Besson M, David V, Suarez S, Cormier A, Cazala P, Changeux JP, Granon S. Genetic dissociation of two behaviors associated with nicotine addiction: beta-2 containing nicotinic receptors are involved in nicotine reinforcement but not in withdrawal syndrome. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2006; 187:189-99. [PMID: 16752141 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-006-0418-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2006] [Accepted: 04/19/2006] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Nicotine addiction is characterized by two distinct behaviors, chronic compulsive self-administration and the induction of a withdrawal syndrome upon cessation of nicotine consumption. OBJECTIVE To examine if these two processes rely on beta2-containing nicotinic receptors--beta2*nAChRs--we analyzed the behavior of mice lacking these receptors in the two situations. RESULTS First, we showed that, in contrast to wild-type (WT) mice, beta2-knockout (beta2-/-) mice exhibit no intra-ventral tegmental area (VTA) nicotine self-administration, whereas their ability to self-administer morphine is intact. However, beta2-/- mice showed some sensitivity to locomotor effects of nicotine, implying an effect of the drug on other nicotinic subtypes. Then, we observed that beta2-/- mice exhibited a normal nicotine withdrawal syndrome, i.e., increased levels of rearing and jumping upon precipitated withdrawal. Thus, the beta2*nAChRs are not involved in the behaviors induced by cessation of nicotine consumption. CONCLUSION Taken together, the present data demonstrated a genetic dissociation of two distinct behavioral patterns associated with nicotine addiction. They further suggested that independent molecular mechanisms underlie these two aspects, offering the possibility of controlling them separately.
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De Brito P, Gomez MA, Besson M, Scotto B, Alison D. [Mesenteric hematoma: Unusual complication of a long term oral anticoagulation therapy]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 131:529-32. [PMID: 16712769 DOI: 10.1016/j.anchir.2006.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2003] [Accepted: 03/29/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Authors report a case of a 77 years old man who developed a small bowel mesenteric hematoma as consequence of an unusual complication from a long term oral anticoagulation treatment. Computed tomoangiography helpfully suggests diagnosis of a mesenteric hematoma and refuts an organic cause as vascular anomalies, by an equivalent method to conventional angiography, noninvasely. In our case report, patient's deterioration justified an emergency surgery corroborating medical imager findings. Authors review the rare cases previously reported.
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Gomez MA, Gaches T, Besson M, O'Byrne P, Alison D. [Suspected non-accidental trauma in children: pseudofracture of the parietal bone]. JOURNAL DE RADIOLOGIE 2006; 87:393-5. [PMID: 16691169 DOI: 10.1016/s0221-0363(06)74020-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
We reported the case of a three month old child who was suspected of abuse syndrome because of a possible parietal bone fracture during radiographic investigation. At autopsy, the parietal bone abnormalities were not fractures, but proved to be unossified membranous strips. A review of the literature about normal variants of parietal suture on roentgenograms was made to avoid the diagnosis of non-accidental trauma in children, especially in live children where autopsy cannot be made.
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Gomez MA, Mulleman D, Besson M, Alison D. [What is your diagnosis? Asymptomatic polyostotic fibrous dysplasia]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 86:1723-5. [PMID: 16269988 DOI: 10.1016/s0221-0363(05)81516-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Wolff H, Besson M, Holst M, Induni E, Stalder H. [Social inequalities and health: experiences of a mobile health care unit in Geneva]. REVUE MEDICALE SUISSE 2005; 1:2218-22. [PMID: 16248262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Health care professionals are in contact with patients of all social horizons. Healthcare professionals come into contact with patients from all social backgrounds. Low socio-economic status is a well-known determinant of morbidity and mortality. A mobile community health care unit ("Umsco") was created in Geneva in 1996 with the aim of providing health care to very low-income patients who aren't catered for by the traditional healthcare system in Switzerland. The Mobile Unit's patients are mainly female South American illegal immigrants, but also the city' homeless. This article explains how the Unit functions on a day-to-day basis. We describe socio-demographic characteristics of the patients and their main presenting complaints. We also discuss how health care professionals in general can adapt to the specific needs of socially deprived and vulnerable patients.
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41
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Maskos U, Molles BE, Pons S, Besson M, Guiard BP, Guilloux JP, Evrard A, Cazala P, Cormier A, Mameli-Engvall M, Dufour N, Cloëz-Tayarani I, Bemelmans AP, Mallet J, Gardier AM, David V, Faure P, Granon S, Changeux JP. Nicotine reinforcement and cognition restored by targeted expression of nicotinic receptors. Nature 2005; 436:103-7. [PMID: 16001069 DOI: 10.1038/nature03694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 449] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2005] [Accepted: 04/28/2005] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide, 100 million people are expected to die this century from the consequences of nicotine addiction, but nicotine is also known to enhance cognitive performance. Identifying the molecular mechanisms involved in nicotine reinforcement and cognition is a priority and requires the development of new in vivo experimental paradigms. The ventral tegmental area (VTA) of the midbrain is thought to mediate the reinforcement properties of many drugs of abuse. Here we specifically re-expressed the beta2-subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) by stereotaxically injecting a lentiviral vector into the VTA of mice carrying beta2-subunit deletions. We demonstrate the efficient re-expression of electrophysiologically responsive, ligand-binding nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in dopamine-containing neurons of the VTA, together with the recovery of nicotine-elicited dopamine release and nicotine self-administration. We also quantified exploratory behaviours of the mice, and showed that beta2-subunit re-expression restored slow exploratory behaviour (a measure of cognitive function) to wild-type levels, but did not affect fast navigation behaviour. We thus demonstrate the sufficient role of the VTA in both nicotine reinforcement and endogenous cholinergic regulation of cognitive functions.
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Gomez MA, Besson M, Scotto B, Roger R, Alison D. [MR imaging in the evaluation of blunt pancreatic trauma]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 85:414-7. [PMID: 15213653 DOI: 10.1016/s0221-0363(04)97602-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic injuries caused by blunt trauma are unusual but associated with a high morbidity and a high mortality because of a delay in diagnosis. Clinical and laboratory findings are non-specific. Accurate grading of blunt pancreatic injury with identification of pancreatic duct disruption helps to define practical treatment guidelines. Computed tomography does not allow direct visualization of the pancreatic duct and may result in low accuracy for the detection of ductal injury. Endoscopic retrograde pancreatography is the "gold standard" but invasive (3-5% complication rate, mainly pancreatitis) and may not be possible in up to 30% of patients, or requested after surgery. Endoscopic retrograde pancreatography may be used as a therapeutic modality (stenting of the main pancreatic duct). Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography is non invasive and preliminary results are promising. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography detects pseudocysts, has multiplanar capability and complemented with conventional MR imaging allows evaluation of the pancreatic parenchyma.
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Gomez MA, Blum L, Scotto B, Besson M, Roger R, Alison D. [Gastric necrosis from acute dilatation without underlying psychiatric disorder]. JOURNAL DE RADIOLOGIE 2004; 85:643-5. [PMID: 15205657 DOI: 10.1016/s0221-0363(04)97642-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Acute gastric dilatation with necrosis is a rare and severe complication associated with anorexia nervosa, bulimia, and psychogenic polyphagia. The Authors report an unusual case without underlying psychiatric context. Gastric necrosis was suspected based on imaging findings (plain radiograph and computed tomography). The detection of these imaging signs in an appropriate clinical setting, even without underlying psychiatric context, is important to avoid any delay in diagnosis and reduce mortality.
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Besson M, Piguet V, Desmeules J, Oestreicher MK, Grandjean R, Hermann F, Dayer P. Influence du cycle menstruel sur le seuil de la douleur expérimentale. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03012811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Gomez MA, Delhommais A, Presicci PF, Besson M, Roger R, Alison D. Partial thrombosis of an idiopathic azygos vein aneurysm. Br J Radiol 2004; 77:342-3. [PMID: 15107328 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/28611372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Aneurysms of the azygos vein are often asymptomatic, detected on a chest radiograph simulating paratracheal mass. When the aneurysm is totally thrombosed, it is impossible to distinguish it from another cause of mediastinal mass. A case is presented in which partial thrombosis of the aneurysm and communication with the superior vena cava led to a diagnosis on angiography and CT.
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Gomez MA, Damie F, Besson M, Roger R, Alison D. [Congenital absence of a cervical spine pedicle: misdiagnosis in a context of trauma]. REVUE DE CHIRURGIE ORTHOPEDIQUE ET REPARATRICE DE L'APPAREIL MOTEUR 2003; 89:738-41. [PMID: 14726842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Absence of a cervical spine pedicle is an exceptional congenital anomaly with a characteristic radiographic triad: i) absence of pedicle producing a pseudo-enlargement of the homolateral foramen, ii) dysplastic aspect with posterior displacement of the homolateral facets and lamina, and iii) defect or absence of the homolateral transverse process. It is particularly important to recognize this radiographic picture in order to avoid misdiagnosis, e.g. unilateral fracture-displacement of the facet joints in a context of acute trauma, as occurred in our case, or pathological enlargement of the foramen (neurofibroma) without trauma. We describe the radiographic presentation of this congenital anomaly, stressing the importance of a homolateral oblique view and the usefulness of computed tomography for correct diagnosis.
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Gomez MA, Bretagnol F, Besson M, Scotto B, Roger R, Alison D. [Radiologic appearance of epiploic appendages and their complications]. JOURNAL DE RADIOLOGIE 2003; 84:1719-24. [PMID: 15022983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
A wide spectrum of pathologic processes can involve epiploic appendages, and primary epiploic appendagitis is the most frequent. Pathologic processes are today more frequently identified with the increased use of radiological assessment (ultrasound and computed tomography) of patients presenting with acute abdominal pain. Recognition of specific imaging abnormalities of complications enables the radiologist to make the diagnosis, thus allowing appropriate treatment.
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Gomez MA, Besson M, Roger R, Scotto B, Alison D. Caractérisation des incidentalomes surrénaliens découverts sur tomodensitométrie, revue générale. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003; 37:244-7. [PMID: 14606311 DOI: 10.1016/s0003-4401(03)00034-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The detection of an incidentaloma at abdominal Computed Tomography (CT), except CT features that permit a specific diagnosis (hemorrhage, myelolipoma or cyst), become a problem to differentiate adenomas from "non adenomas" (primary or secondary malignancy) incidentalomas. A density of ten Hounsfield units or less with a nonenhanced CT is a feature of benign incidentaloma (essentially lipid-rich adrenal adenomas). There are two limitations of this characterization: incidentalomas initially detected at enhanced CT and lipid-poor adrenal adenomas. The relative enhancement washout on enhanced CT, by using a threshold of 50% washout, permit then to characterized as adenomas or "non adenomas" incidentalomas on a 10-minute-delayed enhanced CT. Limitations of this characterization are only for benign pheochromocytomas and atypical adrenal cortical carcinomas.
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Gomez MA, Delhommais A, Besson M, Roger R, Alison D. [Iatrogenic renal perforation during percutaneous angioplasty]. JOURNAL DES MALADIES VASCULAIRES 2003; 28:155-7. [PMID: 12910192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty is recommended as the first choice of therapy for renal artery stenosis. However, morbidity and mortality are significant. Among hemorrhagic complications, renal perforation is unusual. A case is reported, caused by the use of an angled hydrophilic guidewire, in which the diagnosis has been made by computed tomography angiography with typically perirenal hematoma and extravasation of contrast material corresponding to the perforation. This complication has been successfully treated with conservative measures.
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Gomez MA, Tchokonte M, Delhommais A, Bretagnol F, Bleuet F, Besson M, Roger R, Alison D. [Isolated dissection of the superior mesenteric artery]. JOURNAL DE RADIOLOGIE 2003; 84:709-11. [PMID: 12910178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Isolated spontaneous dissection of the superior mesenteric artery is uncommon. We report a case complicated by arterial rupture and discuss diagnostic imaging work-up. Diagnosis is usually made by conventional arteriography. But, dissection can also be diagnosed noninvasively by computed tomography angiography and ultrasound.
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