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Daicker B, Büchner S, Kraus M. Conjunctivalization of Meibomian Glands following Cryosurgery for Basal Cell Carcinoma of the Eyelid. Eur J Ophthalmol 2018; 4:59-61. [PMID: 8019123 DOI: 10.1177/112067219400400110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cryosurgery on the eyelids destroys the cellular elements in the frozen region, but preserves the collagenous supporting structures. Cells from the neighborhood colonize this framework during wound healing. The Authors describe a peculiar change in the Meibomian glands, which obviously developed by this mechanism in a lid treated by cryotherapy for a basal cell carcinoma. The collagenous lodges of the Meibomian glands, denuded of their sebaceous cells by the therapy, were epithelialized by ingrown conjunctival epithelium. This situation seems to promote the spread of and maintain acute and chronic exogenous inflammation in the tarsal plate.
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Nacke K, Kraus M. Modellprojekt „Einsatz von Schulgesundheitsfachkräften an ausgewählten Grundschulen in Flensburg“ – eine Zwischenbilanz. DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1639247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Schuetze K, Kraus M, Eickhoff A, Gebhard F, Richter PH. Radiation exposure for intraoperative 3D scans in a hybrid operating room: how to reduce radiation exposure for the surgical team. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2018; 13:1291-1300. [DOI: 10.1007/s11548-018-1747-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kraus M, Grimm C, Seibel J. Switching enzyme specificity from phosphate to resveratrol glucosylation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 53:12181-12184. [PMID: 29057405 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc05993k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Here we present a point mutation-triggered domain shift which switches the acceptor preference of a sucrose phosphorylase from phosphate to a variety of large polyphenolic compounds including resveratrol and quercetin, enabling their efficient glucosylation. The variant possesses a high affinity for aromatic substrates due to newly introduced π-π- and hydrophobic interactions in the altered active site. The domain shift brings about a substantially enlarged and multifunctional active site for polyphenol glucosylation and rare disaccharide production. The crystal structure of the variant with its product resveratrol-3-α-d-glucoside allows the prediction of the substrate scope and regioselectivity of the aromatic compounds' glucosylation sites.
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Kraus M, Exner T. A Monoclonal Antibody against Prothrombin Fragment 1 Behaves Like a Lupus Anticoagulant. Thromb Haemost 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1614502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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El-Saied S, Joshua BZ, Abu Tailakh M, Jagev I, Gorali R, Kraus M, Kaplan DM. Early postoperative fever in paediatric patients undergoing cochlear implant surgery. Clin Otolaryngol 2017; 43:385-388. [PMID: 29044978 DOI: 10.1111/coa.13009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Lam M, Wang M, Huang W, Eng GK, Rapisarda A, Kraus M, Kang S, Keefe RSE, Lee J. Establishing the Brief Assessment of Cognition - Short form. J Psychiatr Res 2017; 93:1-11. [PMID: 28549241 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2017.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The study aims to identify and validate a parsimonious subset of tests in the commonly used Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS) that allows the evaluation of global cognitive ability. Several permutations of subtests from the BACS were examined to identify the best subset of tests to compose the short form measure. The Brief Assessment of Cognition-Short Form (BAC-SF) was evaluated for convergent validity in healthy and psychiatric samples (N = 3718). Verbal Memory, Digit Sequencing, and Symbol Coding subtests were found to best summarize the variance of composite scores in both Asian and US Norming samples (r = 0.91) indicating that BAC-SF is an appropriate approximation of cognitive deficits. Test re-test reliability of the BAC-SF was adequate (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) = 0.73) and showed sufficient separation between healthy controls and schizophrenia (Average Predictive Accuracy = 79.9%; replication = 76.5%). Findings indicate that the BAC-SF an could be used as a cognitive screener for large-scale clinical and epidemiological studies. The short form does not replace the need for comprehensive neuropsychological batteries purposed for detailed neuropsychological and clinical investigation of cognitive function. Further replication of the construct might be necessary in other clinical populations.
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Besse L, Kraus M, Besse A, Bader J, Silzle T, Mehrling T, Driessen C. The first-in-class alkylating HDAC inhibitor EDO-S101 is highly synergistic with proteasome inhibition against multiple myeloma through activation of multiple pathways. Blood Cancer J 2017; 7:e589. [PMID: 28753594 PMCID: PMC5549260 DOI: 10.1038/bcj.2017.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Weckbach S, Reichel H, Kraus M, Kocak T, Lattig F. Modified technique of transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for segmental correction of lumbar kyphosis: a safe alternative to osteotomies? Patient Saf Surg 2017; 11:19. [PMID: 28690681 PMCID: PMC5497383 DOI: 10.1186/s13037-017-0135-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sagittal rebalancing of a fixated lumbar hypolordosis (kyphosis) is very important to gain satisfactory results. To correct a misalignment vertebral column resection or pedicle subtraction osteotomies are favored, disregarding the relatively high complication rates. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency and safety of a new modified transforaminal lumbar fusion technique as an alternative. Methods We conducted a retrospective review (06/2011-06/2015 ) of a prospective database at an University hospital. Inclusion criteria were adult patients with a fixated lumbar hypolordosis and the need of monosegmental correction of more than 10° with an mTLIF. Exclusion criteria consisted of minor aged patients and polysegmental corrections. Study parameters were the perioperative complications and the achieved postsurgical lordosis. The follow up period was 6 months. Results A total of 11 patients could be included. The mean segmental lordosis was -2.3° ± 12.4° (range -22° to 14°) preoperative and 15.5° ± 10.5° (range 0° to 29°) postoperative. The degree of correction was 17° ± 5.7° in mean per treated segment (range 12° to 29°). No neurologic or vascular complications occurred. No substantial loss of correction or implant failure was noted during the 6-month follow-up. Conclusion The modified transforaminal lumbar fusion technique is a safe method to correct a fixated lumbar kyphosis. The potential of segmental correction is comparable to pedicle subtraction osteotomies but sparing potentially healthy segments.
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Besse A, Stolze SC, Rasche L, Weinhold N, Morgan GJ, Kraus M, Bader J, Overkleeft HS, Besse L, Driessen C. Carfilzomib resistance due to ABCB1/MDR1 overexpression is overcome by nelfinavir and lopinavir in multiple myeloma. Leukemia 2017; 32:391-401. [PMID: 28676669 PMCID: PMC5808083 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Proteasome inhibitor (PI) carfilzomib (CFZ) has activity superior to bortezomib (BTZ) and is increasingly incorporated in multiple myeloma (MM) frontline therapy and relapsed settings. Most MM patients ultimately experience PI-refractory disease, an unmet medical need with poorly understood biology and dismal outcome. Pharmacologic targeting of ABCB1 improved patient outcomes, including MM, but suffered from adverse drug effects and insufficient plasma concentrations. Proteomics analysis identified ABCB1 overexpression as the most significant change in CFZ-resistant MM cells. We addressed the functional role of ABCB1 overexpression in MM and observed significantly upregulated ABCB1 in peripheral blood malignant plasma cells (PCs) vs untreated patients' bone marrow PC. ABCB1 overexpression reduces the proteasome-inhibiting activity of CFZ due to drug efflux, in contrast to BTZ. Likewise, the cytotoxicity of established anti-MM drugs was significantly reduced in ABCB1-expressing MM cells. In search for potential drugs targeting ABCB1 in clinical trials, we identified the HIV protease inhibitors nelfinavir (NFV) and lopinavir (LPV) as potent functional modulators of ABCB1-mediated drug export, most likely via modulation of mitochondria permeability transition pore. NFV and LPV restored CFZ activity at therapeutically relevant drug levels and thus represent ready-to-use drugs to be tested in clinical trials to target ABCB1 and to re-sensitize PC to established myeloma drugs, in particular CFZ.
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Claes L, Gebhard F, Ignatius A, Lechner R, Baumgärtel S, Kraus M, Krischak GD. The effect of a combined thoracic and soft-tissue trauma on blood flow and tissue formation in fracture healing in rats. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2017; 137:945-952. [PMID: 28429082 DOI: 10.1007/s00402-017-2695-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previously, it was found that fracture healing is impaired by blunt chest trauma and an additional soft-tissue trauma. The mechanisms leading to this disturbance are largely unknown. Here, we investigated the effect of thoracic and soft-tissue trauma on blood flow of the injured lower leg and on tissue differentiation and callus formation during fracture healing. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Wistar rats received either a mid-shaft fracture of the tibia alone (group A), an additional chest trauma (group B), or additional chest and soft-tissue traumas (group C). Peripheral blood flow was determined by Laser Doppler Flowmetry before and after the injury, and on observation days 1, 3, 7, 14, and 28. Quantitative histological analysis was performed to assess callus size and composition. RESULTS All groups displayed an initial decrease in blood flow during the first 3 days post-trauma. A recovery of the blood flow that even exceeded preoperative levels occurred in group A and later and to a lesser degree in group B, but not in group C. The amount of callus formation decreased with increasing trauma load. More cartilage was formed after 7 days in groups B and C than in group A. At later healing time points, callus composition did not differ significantly. CONCLUSIONS An increasing injury burden causes a decreasing blood supply capacity and revascularization, and leads to impaired callus formation and an increasing delay in bone healing.
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Kraus M, Physick-Sheard PW, Brito LF, Schenkel FS. Estimates of heritability of atrial fibrillation in the Standardbred racehorse. Equine Vet J 2017; 49:718-722. [DOI: 10.1111/evj.12687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Reinke A, Kraus M, Wild A. [Myositis Ossificans Traumatica in the Craniocervical Junction: A Case Report and Review of Literature]. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ORTHOPADIE UND UNFALLCHIRURGIE 2017; 155:328-332. [PMID: 28423433 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-103412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Myosits ossificans (MO) is a rare but important differential diagnosis for a heterotrophic bony tumor in the muscles. It is often misdiagnosed as a malignant tumor. With a previous trauma the diagnosis is myositis ossificans traumatic (MOT). In most cases, it is benign and predominantly seen in the big muscles. But there can be malignant etiologies too. Case Description We report a rare case of MO in the muscle of the craniocervical junction. This 37-year-old woman had a riding accident years ago. Because of persisting pain and cervical dysfunction, we did a total resection. Clinical Implications MOT is a benign tumor that can be treated conservative in most cases. In case of persistent pain or neurological deficits, and especially for securing diagnosis, surgical resection is recommended.
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Wurmb T, Justice P, Dietz S, Schua R, Jarausch T, Kinstle U, Greiner J, Möldner G, Müller J, Kraus M, Simon S, Wagenhäuser U, Roewer N, Helm M. [Quality indicators for rescue operations in terrorist attacks or other threats : A pilot study after the Würzburg terrorist attack of July 2016]. Anaesthesist 2017; 66:404-411. [PMID: 28386683 DOI: 10.1007/s00101-017-0298-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Terrorist attacks have become reality in Germany. The aim of this work was, after the Würzburg terrorist attack, to define quality indicators and application characteristics for rescue missions in life-threatening situations. The results can be used to record data from future missions using this template in order to make them comparable with each other. METHODS After approval of the local ethic committee, the first step was to designate a group of experts in order to define the template in a consensus process. The next step was to perform the consensus process by defining the template. An independent expert for emergency medicine and disaster management reviewed and approved the results afterwards. RESULTS The expert group defined 13 categories and 158 parameters that will further serve the systematic evaluation of the rescue mission of the Würzburg terror attack. Preliminary results of this evaluation process are given in this paper; the full evaluation has not yet been completed. DISCUSSION In this study we first describe quality indicators and parameters suitable for the German rescue system in order to evaluate rescue operations for violence caused mass casualties. There is similar international documentation, but it does not specifically focus on life-threatening operations and are not adapted to the German context. CONCLUSION There is an important need to systematically evaluate rescue missions after mass killing incidents. In this study we report a template of parameters and quality indicators in order to systematically evaluate mass violence events. The presented template is the result of an expert consensus process and may serve as a basis for further development and research.
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Richter PH, Gebhard F, Salameh M, Schuetze K, Kraus M. Feasibility of laser-guided percutaneous pedicle screw placement in the lumbar spine using a hybrid-OR. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2017; 12:873-879. [PMID: 28188485 DOI: 10.1007/s11548-017-1529-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Innovations in intraoperative imaging lead to major changes in orthopaedic surgery. In our setting, a 3D flat-panel c-arm (Artis zeego) is mounted on a robotic arm offering an integrated aiming tool (Syngo iGuide). Our aim was to investigate the feasibility of Syngo iGuide for pedicle screw placement in comparison with fluoroscopic screw implantation. METHODS In 10 lumbar models, 100 screws were implanted. In 5 models, a standard fluoroscopic technique was used. Syngo iGuide was used in all other models. Afterwards, CT-scans were performed and screw accuracy was investigated. RESULTS The procedure time for the new technique was significantly longer in comparison with the standard technique. The post-operative CT showed the same accuracy in both groups. CONCLUSIONS Syngo iGuide proofed feasible for percutaneous implantation of pedicle screws in anatomic models. Syngo iGuide can be a help for screw implantation in difficult anatomic regions without the need of an additional navigation system.
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Kraus M, Görl J, Timm M, Seibel J. Synthesis of the rare disaccharide nigerose by structure-based design of a phosphorylase mutant with altered regioselectivity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 52:4625-7. [PMID: 26878207 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc00934d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In the absence of the natural acceptor inorganic phosphate wild-type sucrose phosphorylase from Bifidobacterium adolescentis (BaSP) produces maltose (4-O-α-d-glucopyranosyl-d-glucose) and kojibiose (2-O-α-d-glucopyranosyl-d-glucose) as sole transfer products. A Q345F exchange switches the enzyme's regioselectivity from 2 to 3 exclusively, yielding the rare sugar nigerose (3-O-α-d-glucopyranosyl-d-glucose, sakebiose).
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Diao Z, Kraus M, Brunner R, Dirks JH, Spatz JP. Nanostructured Stealth Surfaces for Visible and Near-Infrared Light. NANO LETTERS 2016; 16:6610-6616. [PMID: 27673379 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b03308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
So far, all previous attempts to apply nanostructures for perfect transmission have not achieved maximum transmittance beyond 99.5% due to the limited regularity of the nanoscale surface geometry: too low for many high-end applications. Here we demonstrate a nanostructured stealth surface, with minimal reflectance (<0.02%) and maximal transmittance (>99.8%) for a wavelength range, covering visible and near-infrared. Compared to multilayer thin film coatings for near-infrared applications our antireflective surfaces operate within a much broader wavelength range, are mechanical stable to resist human touch or contamination, show a 44% higher laser-induced damage threshold, and are suitable for bended interfaces such as microlenses as well.
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Abdalla H, Abramowski A, Aharonian F, Ait Benkhali F, Akhperjanian AG, Andersson T, Angüner EO, Arrieta M, Aubert P, Backes M, Balzer A, Barnard M, Becherini Y, Becker Tjus J, Berge D, Bernhard S, Bernlöhr K, Birsin E, Blackwell R, Böttcher M, Boisson C, Bolmont J, Bordas P, Bregeon J, Brun F, Brun P, Bryan M, Bulik T, Capasso M, Carr J, Casanova S, Chakraborty N, Chalme-Calvet R, Chaves RCG, Chen A, Chevalier J, Chrétien M, Colafrancesco S, Cologna G, Condon B, Conrad J, Couturier C, Cui Y, Davids ID, Degrange B, Deil C, Devin J, deWilt P, Djannati-Ataï A, Domainko W, Donath A, Drury LO, Dubus G, Dutson K, Dyks J, Dyrda M, Edwards T, Egberts K, Eger P, Ernenwein JP, Eschbach S, Farnier C, Fegan S, Fernandes MV, Fiasson A, Fontaine G, Förster A, Funk S, Füßling M, Gabici S, Gajdus M, Gallant YA, Garrigoux T, Giavitto G, Giebels B, Glicenstein JF, Gottschall D, Goyal A, Grondin MH, Grudzińska M, Hadasch D, Hahn J, Hawkes J, Heinzelmann G, Henri G, Hermann G, Hervet O, Hillert A, Hinton JA, Hofmann W, Hoischen C, Holler M, Horns D, Ivascenko A, Jacholkowska A, Jamrozy M, Janiak M, Jankowsky D, Jankowsky F, Jingo M, Jogler T, Jouvin L, Jung-Richardt I, Kastendieck MA, Katarzyński K, Katz U, Kerszberg D, Khélifi B, Kieffer M, King J, Klepser S, Klochkov D, Kluźniak W, Kolitzus D, Komin N, Kosack K, Krakau S, Kraus M, Krayzel F, Krüger PP, Laffon H, Lamanna G, Lau J, Lees JP, Lefaucheur J, Lefranc V, Lemière A, Lemoine-Goumard M, Lenain JP, Leser E, Liu R, Lohse T, Lorentz M, Lypova I, Marandon V, Marcowith A, Mariaud C, Marx R, Maurin G, Maxted N, Mayer M, Meintjes PJ, Meyer M, Mitchell AMW, Moderski R, Mohamed M, Morå K, Moulin E, Murach T, de Naurois M, Niederwanger F, Niemiec J, Oakes L, O'Brien P, Odaka H, Ohm S, Ostrowski M, Öttl S, Oya I, Padovani M, Panter M, Parsons RD, Paz Arribas M, Pekeur NW, Pelletier G, Perennes C, Petrucci PO, Peyaud B, Pita S, Poon H, Prokhorov D, Prokoph H, Pühlhofer G, Punch M, Quirrenbach A, Raab S, Reimer A, Reimer O, Renaud M, de Los Reyes R, Rieger F, Romoli C, Rosier-Lees S, Rowell G, Rudak B, Rulten CB, Sahakian V, Salek D, Sanchez DA, Santangelo A, Sasaki M, Schlickeiser R, Schüssler F, Schulz A, Schwanke U, Schwemmer S, Settimo M, Seyffert AS, Shafi N, Shilon I, Simoni R, Sol H, Spanier F, Spengler G, Spies F, Stawarz Ł, Steenkamp R, Stegmann C, Stinzing F, Stycz K, Sushch I, Tavernet JP, Tavernier T, Taylor AM, Terrier R, Tibaldo L, Tluczykont M, Trichard C, Tuffs R, van der Walt J, van Eldik C, van Soelen B, Vasileiadis G, Veh J, Venter C, Viana A, Vincent P, Vink J, Voisin F, Völk HJ, Vuillaume T, Wadiasingh Z, Wagner SJ, Wagner P, Wagner RM, White R, Wierzcholska A, Willmann P, Wörnlein A, Wouters D, Yang R, Zabalza V, Zaborov D, Zacharias M, Zdziarski AA, Zech A, Zefi F, Ziegler A, Żywucka N. H.E.S.S. Limits on Linelike Dark Matter Signatures in the 100 GeV to 2 TeV Energy Range Close to the Galactic Center. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:151302. [PMID: 27768338 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.151302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED A search for dark matter linelike signals iss performed in the vicinity of the Galactic Center by the H.E.S.S. experiment on observational data taken in 2014. An unbinned likelihood analysis iss developed to improve the sensitivity to linelike signals. The upgraded analysis along with newer data extend the energy coverage of the previous measurement down to 100 GeV. The 18 h of data collected with the H.E.S.S. array allow one to rule out at 95% C.L. the presence of a 130 GeV line (at l=-1.5°, b=0° and for a dark matter profile centered at this location) previously reported in Fermi-LAT data. This new analysis overlaps significantly in energy with previous Fermi-LAT and H.E.S.S. RESULTS No significant excess associated with dark matter annihilations was found in the energy range of 100 GeV to 2 TeV and upper limits on the gamma-ray flux and the velocity weighted annihilation cross section are derived adopting an Einasto dark matter halo profile. Expected limits for present and future large statistics H.E.S.S. observations are also given.
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Abdallah H, Abramowski A, Aharonian F, Ait Benkhali F, Akhperjanian AG, Angüner E, Arrieta M, Aubert P, Backes M, Balzer A, Barnard M, Becherini Y, Becker Tjus J, Berge D, Bernhard S, Bernlöhr K, Birsin E, Blackwell R, Böttcher M, Boisson C, Bolmont J, Bordas P, Bregeon J, Brun F, Brun P, Bryan M, Bulik T, Capasso M, Carr J, Casanova S, Chakraborty N, Chalme-Calvet R, Chaves RCG, Chen A, Chevalier J, Chrétien M, Colafrancesco S, Cologna G, Condon B, Conrad J, Couturier C, Cui Y, Davids ID, Degrange B, Deil C, deWilt P, Djannati-Ataï A, Domainko W, Donath A, Drury LO, Dubus G, Dutson K, Dyks J, Dyrda M, Edwards T, Egberts K, Eger P, Ernenwein JP, Eschbach S, Farnier C, Fegan S, Fernandes MV, Fiasson A, Fontaine G, Förster A, Funk S, Füßling M, Gabici S, Gajdus M, Gallant YA, Garrigoux T, Giavitto G, Giebels B, Glicenstein JF, Gottschall D, Goyal A, Grondin MH, Grudzińska M, Hadasch D, Hahn J, Hawkes J, Heinzelmann G, Henri G, Hermann G, Hervet O, Hillert A, Hinton JA, Hofmann W, Hoischen C, Holler M, Horns D, Ivascenko A, Jacholkowska A, Jamrozy M, Janiak M, Jankowsky D, Jankowsky F, Jingo M, Jogler T, Jouvin L, Jung-Richardt I, Kastendieck MA, Katarzyński K, Katz U, Kerszberg D, Khélifi B, Kieffer M, King J, Klepser S, Klochkov D, Kluźniak W, Kolitzus D, Komin N, Kosack K, Krakau S, Kraus M, Krayzel F, Krüger PP, Laffon H, Lamanna G, Lau J, Lees JP, Lefaucheur J, Lefranc V, Lemière A, Lemoine-Goumard M, Lenain JP, Leser E, Lohse T, Lorentz M, Lui R, Lypova I, Marandon V, Marcowith A, Mariaud C, Marx R, Maurin G, Maxted N, Mayer M, Meintjes PJ, Menzler U, Meyer M, Mitchell AMW, Moderski R, Mohamed M, Morå K, Moulin E, Murach T, de Naurois M, Niederwanger F, Niemiec J, Oakes L, Odaka H, Ohm S, Öttl S, Ostrowski M, Oya I, Padovani M, Panter M, Parsons RD, Paz Arribas M, Pekeur NW, Pelletier G, Petrucci PO, Peyaud B, Pita S, Poon H, Prokhorov D, Prokoph H, Pühlhofer G, Punch M, Quirrenbach A, Raab S, Reimer A, Reimer O, Renaud M, de Los Reyes R, Rieger F, Romoli C, Rosier-Lees S, Rowell G, Rudak B, Rulten CB, Sahakian V, Salek D, Sanchez DA, Santangelo A, Sasaki M, Schlickeiser R, Schüssler F, Schulz A, Schwanke U, Schwemmer S, Seyffert AS, Shafi N, Simoni R, Sol H, Spanier F, Spengler G, Spieß F, Stawarz L, Steenkamp R, Stegmann C, Stinzing F, Stycz K, Sushch I, Tavernet JP, Tavernier T, Taylor AM, Terrier R, Tluczykont M, Trichard C, Tuffs R, van der Walt J, van Eldik C, van Soelen B, Vasileiadis G, Veh J, Venter C, Viana A, Vincent P, Vink J, Voisin F, Völk HJ, Vuillaume T, Wadiasingh Z, Wagner SJ, Wagner P, Wagner RM, White R, Wierzcholska A, Willmann P, Wörnlein A, Wouters D, Yang R, Zabalza V, Zaborov D, Zacharias M, Zdziarski AA, Zech A, Zefi F, Ziegler A, Żywucka N. Search for Dark Matter Annihilations towards the Inner Galactic Halo from 10 Years of Observations with H.E.S.S. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:111301. [PMID: 27661677 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.111301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The inner region of the Milky Way halo harbors a large amount of dark matter (DM). Given its proximity, it is one of the most promising targets to look for DM. We report on a search for the annihilations of DM particles using γ-ray observations towards the inner 300 pc of the Milky Way, with the H.E.S.S. array of ground-based Cherenkov telescopes. The analysis is based on a 2D maximum likelihood method using Galactic Center (GC) data accumulated by H.E.S.S. over the last 10 years (2004-2014), and does not show any significant γ-ray signal above background. Assuming Einasto and Navarro-Frenk-White DM density profiles at the GC, we derive upper limits on the annihilation cross section ⟨σv⟩. These constraints are the strongest obtained so far in the TeV DM mass range and improve upon previous limits by a factor 5. For the Einasto profile, the constraints reach ⟨σv⟩ values of 6×10^{-26} cm^{3} s^{-1} in the W^{+}W^{-} channel for a DM particle mass of 1.5 TeV, and 2×10^{-26} cm^{3} s^{-1} in the τ^{+}τ^{-} channel for a 1 TeV mass. For the first time, ground-based γ-ray observations have reached sufficient sensitivity to probe ⟨σv⟩ values expected from the thermal relic density for TeV DM particles.
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Kraus M, Rapisarda A, Lam M, Thong JYJ, Lee J, Subramaniam M, Collinson SL, Chong SA, Keefe RSE. Disrupted latent inhibition in individuals at ultra high-risk for developing psychosis. SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH-COGNITION 2016; 6:1-8. [PMID: 28740818 PMCID: PMC5514297 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The addition of off-the-shelf cognitive measures to established prodromal criteria has resulted in limited improvement in the prediction of conversion to psychosis. Tests that assess cognitive processes central to schizophrenia might better identify those at highest risk. The latent inhibition paradigm assesses a subject's tendency to ignore irrelevant stimuli, a process integral to healthy perceptual and cognitive function that has been hypothesized to be a key deficit underlying the development of schizophrenia. In this study, 142 young people at ultra high-risk for developing psychosis and 105 controls were tested on a within-subject latent inhibition paradigm. Additionally, we later inquired about the strategy that each subject employed to complete the test, and further investigated the relationship between reported strategy and the extent of latent inhibition exhibited. Unlike controls, ultra high-risk subjects did not demonstrate a significant latent inhibition effect. This difference between groups became greater when controlling for strategy. The lack of latent inhibition effect in our ultra high-risk sample suggests that individuals at ultra high-risk for psychosis are impaired in their allocation of attentional resources based on past predictive value of repeated stimuli. This fundamental deficit in the allocation of attention may contribute to the broader array of cognitive impairments and clinical symptoms displayed by individuals at ultra high-risk for psychosis.
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Lim J, Lee SA, Lam M, Rapisarda A, Kraus M, Keefe RSE, Lee J. The relationship between negative symptom subdomains and cognition. Psychol Med 2016; 46:2169-2177. [PMID: 27087476 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291716000726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Negative symptoms and cognitive deficits in schizophrenia are partially overlapping. However, the nature of the relationship between negative symptoms and cognition remains equivocal. Recent reviews have demonstrated the presence of two negative symptom subdomains, diminished emotional expression (DEE) and avolition. In view of this, we sought to clarify the relationship between negative symptoms and cognitive domains. METHOD A total of 687 participants with schizophrenia were assessed on measures of psychopathology and cognition. Three cognitive factors, namely executive function, fluency/memory and speed/vigilance were computed from the cognitive tests. Confirmatory factor analysis was utilized to examine if a one-factor or two-factor negative model was applicable to our sample. Subsequently, the relationships between negative symptoms and cognition were examined using structural equation modeling. RESULTS Results demonstrated that the two-factor model fitted the data well. While negative symptoms were mildly to moderately associated with cognition, we found that DEE had unique associations with cognition compared to social avolition, contributing to the validity of the constructs and suggesting the possibility of common underlying substrates in negative symptoms and cognition. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlighted the need to classify DEE and social avolition separately as both are necessary in refining the complex relationship between negative symptoms and cognition as well as potentially guiding treatment and management of schizophrenia.
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Bevilacqua G, Hartanto HB, Kraus M, Worek M. Top Quark Pair Production in Association with a Jet with Next-to-Leading-Order QCD Off-Shell Effects at the Large Hadron Collider. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 116:052003. [PMID: 26894704 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.052003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We present a complete description of top quark pair production in association with a jet in the dilepton channel. Our calculation is accurate to next-to-leading order (NLO) in QCD and includes all nonresonant diagrams, interferences, and off-shell effects of the top quark. Moreover, nonresonant and off-shell effects due to the finite W gauge boson width are taken into account. This calculation constitutes the first fully realistic NLO computation for top quark pair production with a final state jet in hadronic collisions. Numerical results for differential distributions as well as total cross sections are presented for the Large Hadron Collider at 8 TeV. With our inclusive cuts, NLO predictions reduce the unphysical scale dependence by more than a factor of 3 and lower the total rate by about 13% compared to leading-order QCD predictions. In addition, the size of the top quark off-shell effects is estimated to be below 2%.
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Kraus M, Grimm C, Seibel J. Cover Picture: Redesign of the Active Site of Sucrose Phosphorylase through a Clash-Induced Cascade of Loop Shifts (ChemBioChem 1/2016). Chembiochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201500658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Kraus M, Fischer E, Gebhard F, Richter PH. Image quality and effective dose of a robotic flat panel 3D C-arm vs computed tomography. Int J Med Robot 2015; 12:743-750. [DOI: 10.1002/rcs.1718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Buggisch P, Löhr H, Teuber G, Steffens H, Kraus M, Geyer P, Weber B, Witthöft T, Naumann U, Zehnter E, Hartmann D, Dreher B, Bilzer M. Pre-existing co-morbidities and co-medications of patients undergoing treatment of chronic HCV G1 infection in German real-life. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GASTROENTEROLOGIE 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1567992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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