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Bin Jardan YA, Ansari MA, Raish M, Alkharfy KM, Ahad A, Al-Jenoobi FI, Haq N, Khan MR, Ahmad A. Sinapic Acid Ameliorates Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis in Acute Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity via the NF- κB-Mediated Pathway. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:3921796. [PMID: 32258120 PMCID: PMC7085847 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3921796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we explored SA's activity against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity and revealed its underlying mechanisms. Male Wistar rats (weight, 190-210g; n = 6) were randomly divided into four groups: group I, normal control; group II, DOX 15 mg/kg via intraperitoneal (ip) route; group III, administered DOX+SA 20 mg/kg; and group IV, administered DOX+captopril (CAP 30 mg/kg). SA and CAP were administered orally for seven days, and DOX (15 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally an hour before SA treatment on the fifth day. Forty-eight hours after DOX administration, animals were anesthetized and sacrificed for molecular and histology experiments. SA significantly mitigated the myocardial effects of DOX, and following daily administration, it reduced serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase isoenzyme-MB to near normal values. Levels of oxidative stress markers, glutathione-peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase, in the cardiac tissue were significantly increased, whereas malondialdehyde levels decreased after SA treatment in DOX-administered rats. Furthermore, DOX caused an inflammatory reaction by elevating the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and endothelin- (ET-) 1, as well as nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) expression. Daily administration of SA significantly repressed TNF-α, IL-1β, ET-1, and NF-κB levels. caspase-3 and Bax expression, bcl-2-like protein and caspase-3 activities and levels. Overall, we found that SA could inhibit DOX-induced cardiotoxicity by inhibiting oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptotic damage.
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Ahmad A, Alkharfy KM, Jan BL, Ahad A, Ansari MA, Al-Jenoobi FI, Raish M. Thymoquinone treatment modulates the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and abrogates the inflammatory response in an animal model of lung fibrosis. Exp Lung Res 2020; 46:53-63. [PMID: 32053036 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2020.1726529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigates the therapeutic potential of thymoquinone (TQ) in bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis (BMILF) and elucidates the target-signaling pathway for its effect. Lung fibrosis was induced in rats by a single intra-tracheal instillation of bleomycin (BM) (6.5 U/kg) followed by thymoquinone treatment (10 and 20 mg/kg p.o.) for 28 days. Control rats received saline instead of TQ. Changes in body weight, inflammatory cells count, cytokines levels, and biochemical parameters of the broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were recorded. In addition, a histopathology examination and western blotting were performed on lung tissues. BM administration resulted in a significant weight loss, which was ameliorated by TQ treatment. BMILF was associated with a reduction in the antioxidant mechanisms and increased lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines, MMP-7 expression, apoptotic markers (caspase 3, Bax, and Bcl-2), and fibrotic changes including TGF-β and hydroxyproline levels in lung tissues were evident. These abnormalities were diminished with TQ treatment. Likewise, altered total and differential cell count in BALF was significantly improved in rats treated with TQ. TQ also produced a dose-dependent reduction in the expressions of Nrf2, Ho-1 and TGF-β. These results propose that the Nrf2/Ho-1 signaling pathway is a principal target for TQ protective effect against BMILF in rats. Furthermore, TQ decreases inflammatory oxidative stress possibly through the modulation of nuclear factor Kappa-B (NF-κB) and thereby minimization of collagen deposition in the lung. Therefore, TQ can be developed as a potential therapeutic modularity in BMILF for human use.
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Baig U, Hawsawi A, Ansari MA, Gondal MA, Dastageer MA, Falath WS. Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of visible light active cadmium sulfide-graphitic carbon nitride nanocomposite: A prospective solar light harvesting photo-catalyst for the deactivation of waterborne pathogen. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2020; 204:111783. [PMID: 31954265 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2020.111783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium sulfide-graphitic carbon nitride nanocomposite was synthesized by pulsed laser ablation in liquid, and it was found from the results of optical and morphological characterizations that the proper anchoring of nanostructured cadmium sulfide on the nano-sheets of graphitic carbon nitride took place, which brought about the positive attributes such as enhanced visible light absorption and reduced photo-generated charge recombination, the key features required for an efficient photo-catalyst by solar light harvesting. The pulsed laser ablation in liquid method adopted for the synthesis of cadmium sulfide-graphitic carbon nitride has the following advantages: the shape and size of the synthesized particles can be controlled by altering the experimental parameters such as laser wavelength, pulse laser duration, the pH of the solution, the surfactants and the temperature of the solution, pulsed laser ablation in liquid method neither requires cumbersome equipment nor does it require intermediate chemicals and catalysts nor does it necessitate the post synthesis purification. The enhancement of photo-catalytic activity of cadmium sulfide-graphitic carbon nitride nanocomposite was tested for the photo-catalytic deactivation of Escherichia coli bacteria in water under visible light radiation. As anticipated, a significant improvement of photo-catalytic deactivation was observed, which is attributed to the enhanced and extended light absorption in the visible spectral region, and the formation of herterojunction between the semiconductors, which is instrumental in inhibiting the undesired recombination of photo-generated charge carriers. Quantitatively, the presence of cadmium sulfide on the graphitic carbon nitride surface contributed to a remarkable 129% increase of photo-catalytic degradation constant compared to pure graphitic carbon nitride, which resulted in the decrease of total depletion time of Escherichia coli from 156 min to 67 min with the cadmium sulfide-graphitic carbon nitride nanocomposite synthesized by pulsed laser ablation in liquid method. Our results on the efficient photo-catalytic deactivation of Escherichia coli under visible light assures that cadmium sulfide-graphitic carbon nitride nanocomposite can very well be used for photo-catalytic water purification by harvesting the abundant solar light.
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Singh S, Batra N, Ansari MA, Urooj S. Electrochemical Sensing for Examining Vitamin D3 based on MIP using NOVA 1.7 and Autolab PGSTAT 302N. J Clin Diagn Res 2020. [DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2020/44347.13847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: An electrochemical sensor has the ability to transform the associated data containing electrochemical reactions into a reliable representative signal. The electrochemical sensors can be classified into potentiometric, conductometric, and ampere-metric or Volta-metric. Although, there are various electrochemical techniques for the detection of Vitamin D3, there is still a need for a simplified and cost-effective method. An electrochemical sensor provides great sensitivity towards the detection of the analyte. Aim: To fabricate an electrochemical sensor for the detection of Vitamin D3. The sensor used Molecular Imprinted Polymer (MIP) based Screen Printed Carbon Electrode (SPCE). Materials and Methods: The SPCE used was a three-electrode system consisting of silver working electrode, silver reference electrode and a counter carbon electrode. The reagents used in the experiment was p-Phenylenediamine, resorcinol and Vitamin D3 that were applied in a particular amount onto the SPCE. The process of electropolymerisation was carried out in order to form a non-conductive layer. Cavities were gradually formed on the surface of SPCE. A mediator was used to obtain reliable results for the detection of Vitamin D3. It is evident from the existing literature that the number of scans of electropolymerisation holds a significant role in this process. The procedure was applied for the formation of non-imprinted electrode in the absence of the analyte. Results: The presence of the template i.e., Vitamin D3 was recorded using the developed electrochemical sensor. The current decreased on rebinding of Vitamin D3 which resulted in the change of redox peak of ferricyanide. This signified the sudden increase in concentration of Vitamin D3 specifying its presence. Conclusion: The results obtained specifies the great sensitivity of the electrochemical sensor towards the template i.e., vitamin D3. The clinical relevance of such electrochemical sensors is that they produce simple, accurate and reproducible results which can be used to optimise the care of patients.
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Imam F, Al-Harbi NO, Al-Harbi MM, Ansari MA, Al-Asmari AF, Ansari MN, Al-Anazi WA, Bahashwan S, Almutairi MM, Alshammari M, Khan MR, Alsaad AM, Alotaibi MR. Corrigendum to "Apremilast prevent doxorubicin-induced apoptosis and inflammation in heart through inhibition of oxidative stress mediated activation of NF-κB signaling pathways" [Pharmacol. Rep. 70 (2018) 993-1000]. Pharmacol Rep 2019; 71:1227. [PMID: 31669887 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2019.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Alsulays BB, Jamil S, Raish M, Ansari MA, Ahmad A, Alalaiwe A, Alshahrani SM, Alshetaili AS, Ansari MJ, Alshehri SM, haq N. Influences of Ferulic Acid on Pharmacokinetics of Carbamazepine in Rats: Possible Mechanism of Herb/food-drug Interactions. INT J PHARMACOL 2019. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2019.978.985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Raish M, Ahmad A, Ansari MA, Alkharfy KM, Ahad A, Al-Jenoobi FI, Al-Mohizea AM, Khan A, Ali N. Effects of sinapic acid on hepatic cytochrome P450 3A2, 2C11, and intestinal P-glycoprotein on the pharmacokinetics of oral carbamazepine in rats: Potential food/herb-drug interaction. Epilepsy Res 2019; 153:14-18. [PMID: 30927680 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dietary supplements, herbal medicines, and other foods may affect the pharmacokinetics and/or pharmacodynamics of carbamazepine (CBZ), which may possibly lead to potential drug-drug/herb-drug interactions, as CBZ has a narrow therapeutic window. Sinapic acid (SA) is a bioactive phytoconstituent used as a dietary supplement for the treatment of epilepsy. This study determined the effects of SA on the pharmacokinetics of CBZ and proposed a possible interaction mechanism in twenty-four male wistar rats (180-210 g). A single CBZ dose (80 mg/kg) was administered orally to rats with or without SA pretreatment (20 mg/kg p.o. per day for 7 days, n = 6). The CBZ concentration in plasma samples was determined by using a sensitive reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography assay. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by using non-compartmental analysis. Significance was determined through Dunnett's multiple comparison test or one-way analysis of variance as appropriate; p < 0.05 were considered significant. The change in the pharmacokinetic parameters (Cmax, Tmax, AUC0-t, AUC0-∞, T½, and kel) of CBZ was evaluated after the administration of CBZ alone or after CBZ co-administration with SA pretreatment. The plasma concentration of CBZ was higher after SA pretreatment than that without pretreatment. The pharmacokinetics of orally administered CBZ were found to be significantly altered (p < 0.05) in rats pretreated with SA compared to those in rats administered CBZ alone. The increases in the Cmax, AUC0-t, T1/2, and MRT of CBZ were 29.79%, 57.18%, 77.18%, and 58.31%, respectively, whereas the kel and apparent oral CL/F were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) in rats pretreated with SA compared to those in rats not pretreated with SA (43.87% and 42.50%, respectively). However, no significant change was observed in the Tmax of CBZ in rats pretreated with SA compared to that in rats that did not receive pretreatment. The enhancement in Cmax, AUC0-t, T1/2, and MRT and the reduction in Kel and CL/F values resulted from the significant inhibition of CYP3 A2, the CYP2C11-mediated metabolism of CBZ in the liver, and the inhibition of intestinal P-glycoprotein/MDR1, which enhanced the rate of CBZ absorption. Further studies are required to determine the clinical relevance of these observations.
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Abdelgalil AA, Alam MA, Raish M, Mohammed IE, Hassan Mohammed AE, Ansari MA, Al Jenoobi FI. Dasatinib significantly reduced in vivo exposure to cyclosporine in a rat model: The possible involvement of CYP3A induction. Pharmacol Rep 2019; 71:201-205. [PMID: 30785057 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2018.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was designed to investigate the effects of dasatinib and nilotinib on the pharmacokinetics of cyclosporine in rats, as these drugs have been reported to be cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) substrates. METHODS Control and test groups (n = 5) were treated with vehicle and dasatinib (4 mg/kg, and 16 mg/kg, oral) or nilotinib (94 mg/kg, oral), respectively, for 8 consecutive days. On day 8, all groups were administered cyclosporine (30 mg/kg) 1 h after the last dose of dasatinib or nilotinib. Blood was collected from the retro-orbital plexus in heparinized tubes at different time points (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3.5, 8, 12, and 24 h). The cyclosporine concentration in blood samples was determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The effects of dasatinib on CYP3A2 mRNA and protein expression levels were also investigated. RESULTS Dasatinib significantly reduced the maximum blood concentration (Cmax) of cyclosporine by 85.7%, and increased hepatic and intestinal CYP3A2 mRNA and protein expression levels by 2.4- and 1.25-fold, respectively, compared to those in the controls (p < 0.05). On the other hand, nilotinib had no significant effects on cyclosporine pharmacokinetic parameters. CONCLUSIONS Dasatinib significantly reduced cyclosporine exposure, which was most probably related to the induction of CYP3A-mediated cyclosporine metabolism.
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Imam F, Al-Harbi NO, Al-Harbi MM, Ansari MA, Al-Asmari AF, Ansari MN, Al-Anazi WA, Bahashwan S, Almutairi MM, Alshammari M, Khan MR, Alsaad AM, Alotaibi MR. Apremilast prevent doxorubicin-induced apoptosis and inflammation in heart through inhibition of oxidative stress mediated activation of NF-κB signaling pathways. Pharmacol Rep 2018; 70:993-1000. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Raish M, Ahmad A, Ansari MA, Alkharfy KM, Ahad A, Khan A, Aljenobi FI, Ali N, Al-Mohizea AM. Effect of sinapic acid on aripiprazole pharmacokinetics in rats: Possible food drug interaction. J Food Drug Anal 2018; 27:332-338. [PMID: 30648588 PMCID: PMC9298613 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary supplements and foods can interact with various drugs, leading to possible clinical concerns. This study aimed to investigate the effect of orally administered sinapic acid (SA) on the pharmacokinetics of aripiprazole (APZ) in rats and its possible modulatory effects on hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP3A2 and CYP2D6) expression in the liver tissues. Single dose and multiple dose parallel groups of wistar rats were categorized into six groups (n = 6 each) which abstained from food for 12 h prior to the experiment, while water was allowed ad libitum. The investigation was carried out for single dose: Group I was treated with normal saline orally for 15 days (normal control). Group II was administered normal saline orally for 15 days and received APZ (3 mg/kg p.o.) on day 15. Group III received SA (20 mg/kg p.o.) for 15 days and received APZ (3 mg/kg p.o.) on day 15. Group IV was treated with SA (20 mg/kg p.o.) for 15 days. For the multiple dose study, Group I was treated with normal saline orally for 15 days (normal control); Group II received APZ (3 mg/kg p.o.) daily for 15 days; Group III was administered with SA (20 mg/kg p.o.) and APZ (3 mg/kg p.o.) for 15 days and Group IV received SA (20 mg/kg p.o.) for 15 days. The group I and IV were kept common in single and multiple dose groups. After last APZ dose, plasma samples were collected and APZ concentrations were determined using an UPLC-MS/MS technique. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using a non-compartmental analysis. The concomitant administration of APZ with SA (as single or multiple dose) resulted in an increase in APZ absorption and a decrease on its systemic clearance. This was associated with a reduction in CYP3A2 and CYP2D6 protein expressions by 33-43% and -71-68% after the single and multiple co-administration, which are two enzymes responsible of the metabolism of APZ. Therefore, a reduction in the metabolic clearance appears to be the mechanism underlying the drug interaction of dietary supplement containing SA with APZ. Therefore, the concomitant administration of SA and APZ should be carefully viewed. Further investigations are required to assess the clinical significance of such observations in humans.
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Attia SM, Al-Hamamah MA, Alotaibi MR, Harisa GI, Attia MM, Ahmad SF, Ansari MA, Nadeem A, Bakheet SA. Investigation of belinostat-induced genomic instability by molecular cytogenetic analysis and pathway-focused gene expression profiling. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 350:43-51. [PMID: 29733868 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs), which regulate transcription and specific functions such as tumor suppression by p53, are frequently altered in tumors and have a contentious role in carcinogenesis. HDAC inhibitors, which have a long history of use in psychiatry and neurology, have recently been tested as possible treatments for tumors. Belinostat received regulatory approval in the USA on July 3, 2014, for use against peripheral T-cell lymphoma. However, the unavailability of information on belinostat genotoxicity in normal cells and the molecular mechanisms involved in the genetic instability after exposure to belinostat encouraged us to conduct this study. Our data showed that the exposure of mice to belinostat at the recommended human doses induced chromosome breakage, whole-chromosome lagging, and oxidative DNA damage in bone marrow cells in a dose-dependent manner. The expression levels of 84 genes involved in the DNA damage signaling pathway were evaluated by using an RT2 Profiler PCR array. Belinostat exposure altered the expression of 25 genes, with statistically significant changes observed in 17 genes. The array results were supported by RT-PCR and western blotting experiments. Collectively, our results showed that belinostat exposure caused oxidative DNA damage and downregulated the expression of genes involved in DNA damage repair, which may be responsible for belinostat-induced genomic instability. Thus, the clinical usage of this drug should be weighed against the hazards of carcinogenesis, and the observed genotoxicity profile of belinostat may support further development of efficient HDAC inhibitors with weaker genotoxicity.
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K S, Das S, Pandhi D, Rai G, Ansari MA, Gupta C, Haque S, Dar SA. Challenges in culture-negative cases of Madurella mycetomatis: A case report re-accentuating PCR as an essential diagnostic tool. J Mycol Med 2017; 27:577-581. [PMID: 29102309 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Identification of dematiaceous fungi responsible for black-grain mycetoma has remained cumbersome and time consuming for years leading to delayed diagnosis and thereby increased agony to patients. Moreover, difficult morphology of some of these fungi demanding enough expertise for species identification in addition to culture-negativity has often led to misdiagnosis and hence inapt treatment to the patients. We report the identification of Madurella mycetomatis from culture-negative black granules discharged from foot nodular lesions of a 27 years old male using PCR followed by sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region. The patient's lesions were successfully treated using a combination of itraconazole (200mg) and terbinafine (250mg), confirming our diagnosis. Our case study proves the clinical value of PCR as the best, rapid and accurate diagnostic method for the identification of Madurella mycetomatis and related fungi, particularly in culture-negative cases.
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Al-Taweel AM, Raish M, Perveen S, Fawzy GA, Ahmad A, Ansari MA, Mudassar S, Ganaie MA. Nepeta deflersiana attenuates isoproterenol-induced myocardial injuries in rats: Possible involvement of oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation through nuclear factor (NF)-κB downregulation. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 34:67-75. [PMID: 28899512 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nepeta deflersiana (Lamiaceae) is a perennial herb used in the Saudi and Yemeni folk medicine as an anti-inflammatory, carminative, and antirheumatic agent. PURPOSE This study explores the phytochemistry of the plant and the cardioprotective effect of N. deflersiana ethanolic extract (NDEE) against isoproterenol (ISP)-induced myocardial injury in rats. DESIGN/METHODS Cardiac function, serum cardiac enzymes, myocardial antioxidants, inflammatory, and apoptotic biomarkers, and histopathological parameters were studied in ISP-injured Wistar rat heart tissues. RESULTS To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report the isolation of nine secondary metabolites from this plant: 1α-hydroxy-7α,14α,18-triacetoxy-isopimara-8,15-diene (1), β-sitosterol (2), lupeol (3), ursolic acid (4), 2,3-dihydroxy ursolic acid (5), caffeic acid (6), methyl rosmarinate (7), rosmarinic acid (8), and an irridoid glucoside 8-epi-7-deoxyloganic acid (9). To explain the mechanisms underlying the cardioprotective effect of NDEE, we evaluated the redox-sensitivity of NDEE in ISP-induced cardiac injury. The oral administration of NDEE (50 and 100 mg/kg b.w) prevented the depletion of endogenous antioxidants (CAT, SOD, NP-SH, and NO) and myocyte injury marker enzymes and inhibited lipid peroxidation (MDA, MPO). Moreover, NDEE downregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-6, and IL-10) and apoptotic markers (caspase-3 and Bax) and upregulated the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl2. Furthermore, NDEE pretreatment significantly downregulated cardiac NF-κB (p65) expression, NF-κB-DNA binding activity, and MPO activity. Histological data showed that NDEE pretreatment reduced myonecrosis, edema, and infiltration of inflammatory cells and restored the architecture of cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSION NDEE demonstrated strong antioxidant, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic potential against myocardial damage. This further endorses the use of N. deflersiana in Yemeni folk medicine against cardiovascular diseases.
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Al-Harbi NO, Nadeem A, Al-Harbi MM, Zoheir KM, Ansari MA, El-Sherbeeny AM, Alanazi KM, Alotaibi MR, Ahmad SF. Corrigendum to "Psoriatic inflammation causes hepatic inflammation with concomitant dysregulation in hepatic metabolism via IL-17A/IL-17 receptor signaling in a murine model" [Immunobiology 222 (2) (February 2017) 128-136]. Immunobiology 2017; 222:1081. [PMID: 28935214 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ansari MA. Sinapic acid modulates Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 93:646-653. [PMID: 28686978 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.06.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity is related to increased reactive oxygen species and inflammatory cytokines in the kidney. Sinapic acid (SA) has both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. AIMS We determined the effects of SA on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats, and the potential mechanisms by which it augments antioxidant responses and attenuates nephrotoxicity related to oxidative/nitrosative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation. METHODS Kidney function markers (i.e., serum urea, uric acid, creatinine, and lactate dehydrogenase), oxidative stress markers (i.e., lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide), antioxidant systems (i.e., superoxide dismutase, catalase, and reduced glutathione), inflammation markers (i.e., tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α], interleukin-6 [IL-6], and myeloperoxidase [MPO]), apoptotic markers (caspase 3, Bax, and Bcl-2), and the levels of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB [p65]), Nrf2, and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were assessed. Histopathological examinations of the kidney were also used to evaluate cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. KEY FINDINGS SA (10 and 20mg/kg) pretreatment ameliorated kidney function, upregulated antioxidant levels, and downregulated lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide levels in cisplatin-injected rats, resulting in significant reductions in oxidative stress and replenishment of endogenous antioxidant enzymes. Cisplatin upregulated cytokines (i.e., TNF-α and IL-6) and MPO, increased apoptosis, and downregulated Nrf2 and HO-1. SA pretreatment downregulated the pro-apoptotic caspase-3 and Bax proteins, and upregulated the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein. SA pretreatment also alleviated the extent of histological impairment and reduced neutrophil infiltration in renal tubules. SIGNIFICANCE The results suggest that the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway may be the primary target for protection from cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by SA, and that SA reduces oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis by inhibiting NF-κB.
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Raish M, Ahmad A, Jan BL, Alkharfy KM, Mohsin K, Ahamad SR, Ansari MA. GC-MS-based Metabolomic Profiling of Thymoquinone in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Nephropathy in Rats. Nat Prod Commun 2017; 12:553-558. [PMID: 30520595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
*Diabetic nephropathy is a common complication of diabetes mellitus and one of the major etiologies of end-stage renal disease. Specific therapeutic interventions are necessary to treat such complications. The present study was designed to investigate the metabolomic changes induced by thymoquinone for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy, using a rodent model. Rats were divided into three different groups (n = 6 each): control, diabetic, and thymoquinone- treated diabetic groups. Metabolites in serum samples were analyzed via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Multiple changes were observed, including those related to the metabolism of amino acids and fatty acids. The correlation analysis suggested that treatment with thymoquinone led to the reversal of diabetic nephropathy that was associated with modulations in the metabolism and proteolysis of amino acids, fatty acids, glycerol phospholipids, and organic acids. In addition, we explored the mechanisms linking the metabolic profiling of diabetic nephropathy, with a particular emphasis on the potential roles of increased reactive oxygen species production and mitochondrial dysfunctions. Our findings demonstrated that metabolomic profiling provided significant insights-into the basic mechanisms of diabetic nephropathy and the therapeutic effects of thymoquinone.
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Raish M, Ahmad A, Jan BL, Alkharfy KM, Mohsin K, Ahamad SR, Ansari MA. GC-MS-based Metabolomic Profiling of Thymoquinone in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Nephropathy in Rats. Nat Prod Commun 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1701200423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy is a common complication of diabetes mellitus and one of the major etiologies of end-stage renal disease. Specific therapeutic interventions are necessary to treat such complications. The present study was designed to investigate the metabolomic changes induced by thymoquinone for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy, using a rodent model. Rats were divided into three different groups (n = 6 each): control, diabetic, and thymoquinone-treated diabetic groups. Metabolites in serum samples were analyzed via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Multiple changes were observed, including those related to the metabolism of amino acids and fatty acids. The correlation analysis suggested that treatment with thymoquinone led to the reversal of diabetic nephropathy that was associated with modulations in the metabolism and proteolysis of amino acids, fatty acids, glycerol phospholipids, and organic acids. In addition, we explored the mechanisms linking the metabolic profiling of diabetic nephropathy, with a particular emphasis on the potential roles of increased reactive oxygen species production and mitochondrial dysfunctions. Our findings demonstrated that metabolomic profiling provided significant insights into the basic mechanisms of diabetic nephropathy and the therapeutic effects of thymoquinone.
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Ansari MA, Raish M, Ahmad A, Alkharfy KM, Ahmad SF, Attia SM, Alsaad AMS, Bakheet SA. Sinapic acid ameliorate cadmium-induced nephrotoxicity: In vivo possible involvement of oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation via NF-κB downregulation. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 51:100-107. [PMID: 28233699 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (CD), an environmental and industrial pollutant, generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) and NOS responsible for oxidative and nitrosative stress that can lead to nephrotoxic injury, including proximal tubule and glomerulus dysfunction. Sinapic acid (SA) has been found to possess potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and in vivo. We aimed to examine the nephroprotective, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects of SA against CD-induced nephrotoxicity and its underlying mechanism. Kidney functional markers (serum urea, uric acid, creatinine, LDH, and calcium) and histopathological examinations of the kidney were used to evaluate CD-induced nephrotoxicity. Oxidative stress markers (lipid peroxidation and total protein), renal nitrosative stress (nitric oxide), antioxidant enzymes (catalase and NP-SH), inflammation markers (NF-κB [p65], TNF-α, IL-6, and myeloperoxidase [MPO]), and apoptotic markers (caspase 3, Bax, and Bcl-2) were also assessed. SA (10 and 20mg/kg) pretreatment restored kidney function, upregulated antioxidant levels, and prevented the elevation of lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide levels, significantly reducing oxidative and nitrosative stress. CD upregulated renal cytokine levels (TNF-α, IL-6), nuclear NF-κB (p65) expression, NF-κB-DNA-binding activity, and MPO activity, which were significantly downregulated upon SA pretreatment. Furthermore, SA treatment prevented the upregulation of caspase 3 and Bax protein expression and upregulated Bcl-2 protein expression. SA pretreatment also alleviated the magnitude of histological injuries and reduced neutrophil infiltration in renal tubules. We conclude that the nephroprotective potential of SA in CD-induced nephrotoxicity might be due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic potential via downregulation of oxidative/nitrosative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in the kidney.
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Pokharel P, Ansari MA. Fetal Ductus Venosus Pulsatility Index and Diameter during Second and Third Trimester of Gestation. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 2017; 56:124-131. [PMID: 28598448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The ductus venosus is a small funnel shaped vessel found posterior to the fetal liver connecting the intra-abdominal umbilical vein and the inferior vena cava. It is one of the three physiological shunts in the fetus. The main objective of this study is to construct the reference table and normogram for fetal ductus venosus Pulsatility Index and diameter with gestational age. METHODS This was a prospective cross sectional study conducted during August 2011 to July 2012 taking 294 uncomplicated pregnancies using systemic random sampling method. Three measurements were made for ductus venosus diameter and Pulsatility Index in each fetus during period of fetal quiescence. RESULTS The ductus venosus diameter at <20weeks, 20-25 weeks, 25-30 weeks, >30 weeks were 1.16, 1.31, 1.62, 1.81 and Pulsatility Index at <20weeks, 20-25 weeks, 25-30 weeks, >30 weeks were 0.41, 0.44, 0.41 and 0.41 respectively. CONCLUSIONS The mean diameter of the ductus venosus was linear across gestational age. The Pulsatility Index shows a scattered distribution across the gestational age.
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Raish M, Ahmad A, Alkharfy KM, Ahamad SR, Mohsin K, Al-Jenoobi FI, Al-Mohizea AM, Ansari MA. Hepatoprotective activity of Lepidium sativum seeds against D-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide induced hepatotoxicity in animal model. Altern Ther Health Med 2016; 16:501. [PMID: 27912738 PMCID: PMC5135812 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1483-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) is clinical syndrome with very poor prognosis and high mortality there is urgent need for the development of safe and non-toxic hepatoprotective agents for the adequate management of hepatitis. Hepatoprotective effect of the Lepidium sativum ethanolic extract (LSEE) was assessed by D-galactosamine-induced/lipopolysaccharide (400 mg/kg and 30 μg/kg) liver damage model in rats. METHODS Hepatoprotective activity of LSEE (150 and 300 mg/kg) and silymarin on D-GalN/LPS induced FHF in rat was assessed using several liver function enzyme parameters. Antioxidant properties as antioxidant stress enzymes were assessed in hepatic Liver as well as mRNA expression of cytokines genes such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 and stress related genes iNOS and HO-1 were determined by RT-PCR. Protein expression of apoptotic genes were evaluated through western blot. MPO and NF-κB DNA-binding activity was analyzed by ELISA. The magnitude of hepatic impairment was investigated through histopathological evaluation. RESULTS Marked amelioration of hepatic injuries by attenuation of serum and lipid peroxidation has been observed as comparable with silymarin (25 mg/kg p.o). D-GalN/LPS induced significant decrease in oxidative stress markers protein level, and albumin. LSEE significantly down-regulated the D-GalN/LPS induced pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL-6 mRNA expression in dose dependent fashion about 0.47 and 0.26 fold and up-regulates the IL-10 by 1.9 and 2.8 fold, respectively. While encourages hepatoprotective activity by down-regulating mRNA expression of iNOS and HO-1. MPO activity and NF-κB DNA-binding effect significantly increased and was mitigated by LSEE in a dose-dependent style as paralleled with silymarin. CONCLUSION Our data suggests that pretreatment of LSEE down regulates the caspase 3 and up-regulates the BCl2 protein expression. The above findings revealed that Lepidium sativum has significant hepatoprotective activity.
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Bakheet SA, Alzahrani MZ, Nadeem A, Ansari MA, Zoheir KMA, Attia SM, AL-Ayadhi LY, Ahmad SF. Resveratrol treatment attenuates chemokine receptor expression in the BTBR T + tf/J mouse model of autism. Mol Cell Neurosci 2016; 77:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Ansari MA, Raish M, Ahmad A, Ahmad SF, Mudassar S, Mohsin K, Shakeel F, Korashy HM, Bakheet SA. Sinapic acid mitigates gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity and associated oxidative/nitrosative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation in rats. Life Sci 2016; 165:1-8. [PMID: 27664833 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Imam F, Al-Harbi NO, Al-Harbi MM, Ansari MA, Almutairi MM, Alshammari M, Almukhlafi TS, Ansari MN, Aljerian K, Ahmad SF. Apremilast reversed carfilzomib-induced cardiotoxicity through inhibition of oxidative stress, NF-κB and MAPK signaling in rats. Toxicol Mech Methods 2016; 26:700-708. [PMID: 27785949 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2016.1236425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Carfilzomib (CFZ), is a potent, selective second generation proteasome inhibitor, used for the treatment of multiple myeloma. The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible protective effect of apremilast (AP) on the CFZ -induced cardiotoxicity. Rats were randomly divided into four groups: Group 1, served as the control group, received normal saline. Group 2, served as the toxic group, received CFZ (4 mg/kg, intraperitoneally [i.p.]). Groups 3 and 4, served as treatment groups, and received CFZ with concomitant oral administration of AP in doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg/day, respectively. In the present study, administration of CFZ resulted in a significant increase in serum aspartate transaminase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK) and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), which were reversed by treatment with AP. CFZ resulted in a significant increase in heart malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and decrease in cardiac glutathione (GSH) level and catalase (CAT) enzyme activity which were significantly reversed by treatment with AP. Induction of cardiotoxicity by CFZ significantly increased caspase-3 enzyme activity which were reversed by treatment with AP. RT-PCR analysis revealed an increased mRNA expression of NF-κB, ERK and JNK which were reversed by treatment with AP in cardiac tissues. Western blot analysis revealed an increased expression of caspase-3 and NF-κB p65 and a decrease expression of inhibitory kappa B-alpha (Iκbα) with CFZ, which were reversed by treatment with AP. In conclusion, apremilast showed protective effect against CFZ-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Ahmad SF, Ansari MA, Nadeem A, Zoheir KMA, Bakheet SA, Alsaad AMS, Al-Shabanah OA, Attia SM. STA-21, a STAT-3 inhibitor, attenuates the development and progression of inflammation in collagen antibody-induced arthritis. Immunobiology 2016; 222:206-217. [PMID: 27717524 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
We set out to investigate the influence of STA-21, a dynamic STAT-3 inhibitor, on the expansion and progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and to determine its potential mechanisms of action in a mouse model of collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA). To this end, arthritis was induced via intravenous (IV) injection of Balb/c mice with a cocktail of antibodies directed against type II collagen (1.5μg/mouse, IV), followed by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at a dose of (25μg/mouse, i.p.) on day 3. Mice were then left untreated or were simultaneously treated with STA-21 (0.5mg/kg, i.p., once daily for 2 weeks) followed by evaluation for clinical and histological features of arthritic inflammation and flow cytometric analysis of cytokines and transcription factors in peripheral blood. STA-21 enhanced the clinical course of arthritis in CAIA mice and decreased CD8+RORγt+ and CD8+IL-21+ cells while inducing the production of CD8+Foxp3+ cells. Furthermore, STA-21 prevented the production of TNF-α and IL-6 in peripheral blood and increased IL-27 production by CD14+ cells. Moreover, STA-21 not only regulates Th1/Th2 serum cytokine levels but also the mRNA and protein expression of key factors including NF-κB p65, RORγt, T-bet, IL-4, GATA-3, JAK1, Stat3, and IL-21. Thus, administration of the Stat3 inhibitor STA-21 inhibits cellular signaling pathways and downstream activation of key transcription factors previously shown to play key roles in the pathogenesis of RA. Therefore, these data suggest that STA-21 could be considered as a potential treatment for patients with RA.
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Raish M, Ahmad A, Jan BL, Alkharfy KM, Ansari MA, Mohsin K, Jenoobi FA, Al-Mohizea A. Momordica charantia polysaccharides mitigate the progression of STZ induced diabetic nephropathy in rats. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 91:394-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.05.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Revised: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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