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Carboni N, Mateddu A, Marrosu G, Cocco E, Marrosu MG. Genetic and clinical characteristics of skeletal and cardiac muscle in patients with lamin A/C gene mutations. Muscle Nerve 2013; 48:161-70. [PMID: 23450819 DOI: 10.1002/mus.23827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alterations of the lamin A/C (LMNA) gene are associated with different clinical entities, including disorders that affect skeletal and cardiac muscle, peripheral nerves, metabolism, bones, and disorders that cause premature aging. In this article we review the clinical and genetic characteristics of cardiac and skeletal muscle diseases related to alterations in the LMNA gene. There is no single explanation of how LMNA gene alterations may cause these disorders; however, important goals have been achieved in understanding the pathogenic effects of LMNA gene mutations on cardiac and skeletal muscle.
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Carboni N, Politano L, Floris M, Mateddu A, Solla E, Olla S, Maggi L, Antonietta Maioli M, Piras R, Cocco E, Marrosu G, Giovanna Marrosu M. Overlapping syndromes in laminopathies: a meta-analysis of the reported literature. ACTA MYOLOGICA : MYOPATHIES AND CARDIOMYOPATHIES : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE MEDITERRANEAN SOCIETY OF MYOLOGY 2013; 32:7-17. [PMID: 23853504 PMCID: PMC3665370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Mutations on the LMNA gene are responsible for an heterogeneous group of diseases. Overlapping syndromes related to LMNA gene alterations have been extensively reported. Study scope is to perform a systematic analysis of the overlapping syndromes so far described and to try to correlate the clinical features to the associated genetic alterations. We evaluated all the dominant overlapping syndromes reported by means of a PubMed search and by the analysis of the main databases containing the pathogenic LMNA gene variations and the associated diseases. Metabolic alterations in association to skeletal and/or cardiac alterations proved to be the most frequent overlap syndrome. Overlapping syndromes are mostly associated to inframe mutations in exons 1, 2, 8 and 9. These data further improve the understanding of the pathogenesis of laminopathies.
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Politano L, Carboni N, Madej-Pilarczyk A, Marchel M, Nigro G, Fidziaóska A, Opolski G, Hausmanowa-Petrusewicz I. Advances in basic and clinical research in laminopathies. ACTA MYOLOGICA : MYOPATHIES AND CARDIOMYOPATHIES : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE MEDITERRANEAN SOCIETY OF MYOLOGY 2013; 32:18-22. [PMID: 23853505 PMCID: PMC3665372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Lamins (LMNA) are the main proteins of the nuclear lamina considered to be the ancestors of all intermediate filament proteins. They form complex protein assemblies with integral proteins of the inner nuclear membrane, transcriptional regulators, histones and chromatin modifiers. During recent years, interest in lamins has greatly increased due to the identification of many distinct heritable human disorders associated with lamin mutations. These disorders, collectively termed laminopathies, range from muscular dystrophies to premature aging. They may affect muscle, fat, bone, nerve and skin tissues. The workshop was addressed to understand lamin organization and its roles in nuclear processes, mutations in lamins affecting cell and tissues functions, the biology of the nucleus and laminopathic disease mechanisms, all aspects important for designing future therapies.
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Cossins J, Belaya K, Hicks D, Salih MA, Finlayson S, Carboni N, Liu WW, Maxwell S, Zoltowska K, Farsani GT, Laval S, Seidhamed MZ, Donnelly P, Bentley D, McGowan SJ, Müller J, Palace J, Lochmüller H, Beeson D. Congenital myasthenic syndromes due to mutations in ALG2 and ALG14. Brain 2013; 136:944-56. [PMID: 23404334 PMCID: PMC3580273 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awt010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Revised: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital myasthenic syndromes are a heterogeneous group of inherited disorders that arise from impaired signal transmission at the neuromuscular synapse. They are characterized by fatigable muscle weakness. We performed linkage analysis, whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing to determine the underlying defect in patients with an inherited limb-girdle pattern of myasthenic weakness. We identify ALG14 and ALG2 as novel genes in which mutations cause a congenital myasthenic syndrome. Through analogy with yeast, ALG14 is thought to form a multiglycosyltransferase complex with ALG13 and DPAGT1 that catalyses the first two committed steps of asparagine-linked protein glycosylation. We show that ALG14 is concentrated at the muscle motor endplates and small interfering RNA silencing of ALG14 results in reduced cell-surface expression of muscle acetylcholine receptor expressed in human embryonic kidney 293 cells. ALG2 is an alpha-1,3-mannosyltransferase that also catalyses early steps in the asparagine-linked glycosylation pathway. Mutations were identified in two kinships, with mutation ALG2p.Val68Gly found to severely reduce ALG2 expression both in patient muscle, and in cell cultures. Identification of DPAGT1, ALG14 and ALG2 mutations as a cause of congenital myasthenic syndrome underscores the importance of asparagine-linked protein glycosylation for proper functioning of the neuromuscular junction. These syndromes form part of the wider spectrum of congenital disorders of glycosylation caused by impaired asparagine-linked glycosylation. It is likely that further genes encoding components of this pathway will be associated with congenital myasthenic syndromes or impaired neuromuscular transmission as part of a more severe multisystem disorder. Our findings suggest that treatment with cholinesterase inhibitors may improve muscle function in many of the congenital disorders of glycosylation.
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Cocco E, Meloni A, Murru MR, Corongiu D, Tranquilli S, Fadda E, Murru R, Schirru L, Secci MA, Costa G, Asunis I, Cuccu S, Fenu G, Lorefice L, Carboni N, Mura G, Rosatelli MC, Marrosu MG. Vitamin D responsive elements within the HLA-DRB1 promoter region in Sardinian multiple sclerosis associated alleles. PLoS One 2012; 7:e41678. [PMID: 22848563 PMCID: PMC3404969 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Accepted: 06/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D response elements (VDREs) have been found in the promoter region of the MS-associated allele HLA-DRB1*15:01, suggesting that with low vitamin D availability VDREs are incapable of inducing *15:01 expression allowing in early life autoreactive T-cells to escape central thymic deletion. The Italian island of Sardinia exhibits a very high frequency of MS and high solar radiation exposure. We test the contribution of VDREs analysing the promoter region of the MS-associated DRB1 *04:05, *03:01, *13:01 and *15:01 and non-MS-associated *16:01, *01, *11, *07:01 alleles in a cohort of Sardinians (44 MS patients and 112 healthy subjects). Sequencing of the DRB1 promoter region revealed a homozygous canonical VDRE in all *15:01, *16:01, *11 and in 45/73 *03:01 and in heterozygous state in 28/73 *03:01 and all *01 alleles. A new mutated homozygous VDRE was found in all *13:03, *04:05 and *07:01 alleles. Functionality of mutated and canonical VDREs was assessed for its potential to modulate levels of DRB1 gene expression using an in vitro transactivation assay after stimulation with active vitamin D metabolite. Vitamin D failed to increase promoter activity of the *04:05 and *03:01 alleles carrying the new mutated VDRE, while the *16:01 and *03:01 alleles carrying the canonical VDRE sequence showed significantly increased transcriptional activity. The ability of VDR to bind the mutant VDRE in the DRB1 promoter was evaluated by EMSA. Efficient binding of VDR to the VDRE sequence found in the *16:01 and in the *15:01 allele reduced electrophoretic mobility when either an anti-VDR or an anti-RXR monoclonal antibody was added. Conversely, the Sardinian mutated VDRE sample showed very low affinity for the RXR/VDR heterodimer. These data seem to exclude a role of VDREs in the promoter region of the DRB1 gene in susceptibility to MS carried by DRB1* alleles in Sardinian patients.
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Carboni N, Sardu C, Cocco E, Marrosu G, Manzi RC, Nissardi V, Isola F, Mateddu A, Solla E, Maioli MA, Oppo V, Piras R, Coghe G, Lai C, Marrosu MG. Cardiac involvement in patients with lamin A/C gene mutations: A cohort observation. Muscle Nerve 2012; 46:187-92. [DOI: 10.1002/mus.23294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Caocci G, Maioli MA, Atzeni S, Piras R, Carboni N, La Nasa G. Absence of histological myopathy in chronic myeloid leukemia patients complaining of muscle spasms and myalgia during treatment with nilotinib. Leuk Res 2012; 36:e206-8. [PMID: 22742815 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2012.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Revised: 03/23/2012] [Accepted: 06/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Benedetti S, Bernasconi P, Bertini E, Biagini E, Boriani G, Capanni C, Carboni N, Cenacchi G, Columbaro M, D'Adamo M, D'Amico A, D'Apice MR, Fontana M, Gambineri A, Lattanzi G, Liguori R, Maraldi NM, Mazzanti L, Mercuri E, Mongini T, Morandi LO, Neri I, Nigro G, Novelli G, Ortolani M, Pasquali R, Pini A, Petrini S, Politano L, Previtali S, Pucci L, Rapezzi C, Ricci G, Rodolico C, Sbraccia P, Scarano E, Siciliano G, Squarzoni S, Toscano A, Vercelli L, Ziacchi M. The empowerment of translational research: lessons from laminopathies. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2012; 7:37. [PMID: 22691392 PMCID: PMC3458975 DOI: 10.1186/1750-1172-7-37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 05/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The need for a collaborative approach to complex inherited diseases collectively referred to as laminopathies, encouraged Italian researchers, geneticists, physicians and patients to join in the Italian Network for Laminopathies, in 2009. Here, we highlight the advantages and added value of such a multidisciplinary effort to understand pathogenesis, clinical aspects and try to find a cure for Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy, Mandibuloacral dysplasia, Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria and forms of lamin-linked cardiomyopathy, neuropathy and lipodystrophy.
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Cocco E, Sardu C, Pieroni E, Valentini M, Murru R, Costa G, Tranquilli S, Frau J, Coghe G, Carboni N, Floris M, Contu P, Marrosu MG. HLA-DRB1-DQB1 haplotypes confer susceptibility and resistance to multiple sclerosis in Sardinia. PLoS One 2012; 7:e33972. [PMID: 22509268 PMCID: PMC3324467 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 02/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Genetic predisposition to multiple sclerosis (MS) in Sardinia (Italy) has been associated with five DRB1*-DQB1* haplotypes of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA). Given the complexity of these associations, an in-depth re-analysis was performed with the specific aims of confirming the haplotype associations; establishing the independence of the associated haplotypes; and assessing patients' genotypic risk of developing MS. Methods and Results A transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) of the DRB1*-DQB1* haplotypes in 943 trio families, confirmed a higher than expected transmission rate (over-transmission) of the *13:03-*03:01 (OR = 2.9, P = 7.6×10−3), *04:05-*03:01 (OR = 2.4, P = 4.4×10−6) and *03:01-*02:01 (OR = 2.1, P = 1.0×10−15) haplotype. In contrast, the *16:01-*05:02 (OR = 0.5, P = 5.4×10−11) and the *15:02-*06:01 (OR = 0.3, P = 1.5×10−3) haplotypes exhibited a lower than expected transmission rate (under-transmission). The independence of the transmission of each positively and negatively associated haplotype was confirmed relative to all positively associated haplotypes, and to the negatively associated *16:01-*05:02 haplotype. In patients, carriage of two predisposing haplotypes, or of protective haplotypes, respectively increased or decreased the patient's risk of developing MS. The risk of MS followed a multiplicative model of genotypes, which was, in order of decreasing ORs: *04:05-*0301/*03:01-*02:01 (OR = 4.5); *03:01-*02:01/*03:01-*02:01 (OR = 4.1); and the *16:01-*05:02/*16:01-*0502 (OR = 0.2) genotypes. Analysis of DRB1 and DQB1 protein chain residues showed that the Val/Gly residue at position 86 of the DRB1 chain was the only difference between the protective *16:01- *15:02 alleles and the predisposing *15:01 one. Similarly, the Ala/Val residue at position 38 of the DQB1 chain differentiated the positively associated *06:02 allele and the negatively associated *05:02, *06:01 alleles. Conclusions These findings show that the association of specific, independent DRB1*-DQB1* haplotypes confers susceptibility or resistance to MS in the MS-prone Sardinian population. The data also supports a functional role for specific residues of the DRB1 and DQB1 proteins in predisposing patients to MS.
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Carboni N, Marrosu G, Porcu M, Mateddu A, Solla E, Cocco E, Maioli MA, Oppo V, Piras R, Marrosu MG. Dilated cardiomyopathy with conduction defects in a patient with partial merosin deficiency due to mutations in the laminin-α2-chain gene: a chance association or a novel phenotype? Muscle Nerve 2011; 44:826-8. [PMID: 22006699 DOI: 10.1002/mus.22228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Patients with a partial reduction of merosin due to mutations in the laminin-α2 chain gene usually present with a mild form of congenital muscular dystrophy or a limb-girdle-like muscular dystrophy. To our knowledge, cardiac impairment has never been reported in such patients. A longitudinal study of a patient with partial laminin-α2 deficiency secondary to mutations in the LAMA2 gene revealed dilated cardiomyopathy with ventricular arrhythmias. Is this a chance association or a novel phenotype?
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Carboni N, Mura M, Mercuri E, Marrosu G, Manzi RC, Cocco E, Nissardi V, Isola F, Mateddu A, Solla E, Maioli MA, Oppo V, Piras R, Marini S, Lai C, Politano L, Marrosu MG. Cardiac and muscle imaging findings in a family with X-linked Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy. Neuromuscul Disord 2011; 22:152-8. [PMID: 21993399 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2011.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2011] [Revised: 08/23/2011] [Accepted: 09/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
The following is a report on a large family with 5 males affected by the X-linked recessive form of Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy with mutation in the STA gene. A detailed longitudinal cardiological evaluation and muscle imaging studies allowed for the assessment of intrafamilial variability of cardiac and muscle involvement. Long term cardiological follow up in the 5 affected males and in 7 female carriers revealed different degrees of severity, ranging from tachycardia-bradycardia syndrome and variable biatrial and left ventricle dilatation, to an episode of isolated symptomatic sustained ventricular tachycardia requiring a device implantation. Muscle imaging in the affected males showed involvement of the soleus and medial head of gastrocnemius on leg muscles and variable involvement on thigh muscles that have not been previously reported. In some cases, imaging showed clear signs of muscle involvement even when no overt signs of weakness could be detected during clinical examination.
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Lattanzi G, Basso A, Benedetti S, Bertini E, Biagini E, Boriani G, Carboni N, Cenacchi G, D'Amico A, D'Apice M, Fontana M, Gambineri A, Liguori R, Mazzanti L, Mercuri E, Mongini T, Morandi L, Nigro G, Palladino A, Pasquali R, Pini A, Politano L, Previtali S, Rapezzi C, Ricci G, Siciliano G. O-4
The Italian Network for Laminopathies. ACTA MYOLOGICA 2011; 30. [PMCID: PMC3235868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Gavassini BF, Carboni N, Nielsen JE, Danielsen ER, Thomsen C, Svenstrup K, Bello L, Maioli MA, Marrosu G, Ticca AF, Mura M, Marrosu MG, Soraru G, Angelini C, Vissing J, Pegoraro E. Clinical and molecular characterization of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy due to LAMA2 mutations. Muscle Nerve 2011; 44:703-9. [DOI: 10.1002/mus.22132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Cocco E, Sardu C, Massa R, Mamusa E, Musu L, Ferrigno P, Melis M, Montomoli C, Ferretti V, Coghe G, Fenu G, Frau J, Lorefice L, Carboni N, Contu P, Marrosu MG. Epidemiology of multiple sclerosis in south-western Sardinia. Mult Scler 2011; 17:1282-9. [PMID: 21652610 DOI: 10.1177/1352458511408754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sardinia is a known high-risk area for multiple sclerosis (MS), but no data for south-western Sardinia (SWS) are available. SWS has a genetically homogeneous population, apart from St Peter Island, and represents a peculiar environment related to the industrial, mineralogical and military economy. OBJECTIVE To estimate prevalence and incidence and to evaluate temporal trends and geographical distribution of MS in SWS. METHODS MS prevalence was evaluated on 31 December 2007 and crude mean annual incidence rate was defined between 2003 and 2007. Temporal trend in MS incidence was assessed using the Armitage test. To identify MS clusters, Standard Morbidity Ratio (SMR) was calculated for each village and geographical distribution prevalence by means of a Bayesian hierarchical model. RESULTS Total crude prevalence rate was 210.4 (95% CI 186.3-234.5): 280.3 (95% CI 241.4-319.3) for females, 138 (95% CI 110.1-165.8) for males. The crude mean annual incidence rate was 9.7/100,000 (95% CI 3.4-13.2): 4.7/100,000 (95% CI 2.4-17.0) and 14.6/100,000 (95% CI 11.8-34.8) for males and females respectively. MS incidence has increased over the last 50 years. Cluster analysis showed an SMR of 0.2 (95% CI 0.05-0.68, p = 0.002) on the island of San Pietro, and 2.0 (95% CI 1.35-2.95, p = 0.001) in Domusnovas. Spatial distribution of MS was confirmed by Bayesian geographical analysis. CONCLUSIONS Our data confirm Sardinia as a high-risk area for MS and support the relevance of genetic factors in MS, as evidenced in St Peter Island. However, we found an unexpectedly high MS prevalence in one village, in particular in males, suggesting an environmental influence on MS occurrence.
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Carboni N, Floris M, Mateddu A, Porcu M, Marrosu G, Solla E, Cocco E, Mura M, Marini S, Maioli MA, Piras R, Aste R, Marrosu MG. Aberrant splicing in the LMNA gene caused by a novel mutation on the polypyrimidine tract of intron 5. Muscle Nerve 2011; 43:688-93. [PMID: 21462202 DOI: 10.1002/mus.21937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Familial dilated cardiomyopathy with conduction system defects variably associated with skeletal muscle abnormalities is frequently caused by LMNA gene mutations. METHODS A family affected by cardiac abnormalities, either isolated or variably associated with skeletal muscle compromise, was identified. LMNA gene analysis was applied to all family members. RESULTS A novel intron 5 (c.937-11 C > G) mutation was identified. mRNA transcription analysis was subsequently performed, and cDNA was obtained from mutated patients. It displayed an aberrant splice product featuring the insertion of 40 nucleotides from intron 5, leading to a frameshift. Computational predictions identified a cryptic splice site 40 bp upstream from the canonical site; this alternative splicing event was elicited by intronic mutation, which seems to interfere with the polypyrimidine tract of the canonical site. CONCLUSIONS We have described the first mutation on the LMNA gene interfering with the polypyrimidine tract. Our findings underline the importance of including introns in the search for mutations.
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Carboni N, Mura M, Marrosu G, Cocco E, Marini S, Solla E, Mateddu A, Maioli MA, Piras R, Mallarini G, Mercuro G, Porcu M, Marrosu MG. Muscle imaging analogies in a cohort of patients with different clinical phenotypes caused by LMNA gene mutations. Muscle Nerve 2010; 41:458-63. [PMID: 19882644 DOI: 10.1002/mus.21514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Laminopathies are a heterogeneous group of LMNA-gene-mutation-related clinical disorders associated with alterations of cardiac and skeletal muscle and peripheral nerves, metabolic defects, and premature aging. Leg muscle imaging investigations were performed in a cohort of patients with LMNA gene alterations who were suffering from Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy, limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 1B, isolated cardiac disorders or a phenotype of cardiac disorders, and lipodystrophy, including one individual with peripheral neuropathy. Leg muscle imaging revealed varying degrees of alteration in the soleus and medial head of gastrocnemius in each subject. This study demonstrates that LMNA-gene-mutated patients devoid of any clinically detectable skeletal muscle involvement have the same pattern of leg muscle involvement as patients with overt skeletal muscle compromise. This finding suggests the presence of a continuum of skeletal muscle involvement among phenotypes of LMNA-gene-mutation-related skeletalmyopathy and cardiomyopathy.
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Carboni N, Floris M, Valentini M, Marrosu G, Cocco E, Maioli MA, Solla E, Mateddu A, Mura M, Marrosu MG. A Novel Mutation in Lamin A/C Gene: Phenotype and Consequences on the Protein Structure and Flexibility. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.3814/2010/301679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Carboni N, Porcu M, Mura M, Cocco E, Marrosu G, Maioli MA, Solla E, Tranquilli S, Orrù P, Marrosu MG. Evolution of the phenotype in a family with an LMNA gene mutation presenting with isolated cardiac involvement. Muscle Nerve 2010; 41:85-91. [DOI: 10.1002/mus.21443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Carboni N, Mura M, Marrosu G, Cocco E, Ahmad M, Solla E, Mateddu A, Maioli MA, Marini S, Nissardi V, Frau J, Mallarini G, Mercuro G, Marrosu MG. Muscle MRI findings in patients with an apparently exclusive cardiac phenotype due to a novel LMNA gene mutation. Neuromuscul Disord 2008; 18:291-8. [PMID: 18337098 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2008.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2007] [Revised: 01/18/2008] [Accepted: 01/31/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The case of a family in which several members displayed conduction defects inherited as a dominant trait is reported. The proband was a young woman with a 1st degree atrio-ventricular block and high serum creatine kinase. Several members of the family featured cardiologic symptoms. All adult family members were clinically evaluated and blood tests including serum creatine-kinase levels, standard and Holter ECG, echocardiogram and muscle MRI were performed. LMNA gene analysis was carried out and a novel missense mutation consisting in substitution of exon 4 c.799 T/C, p.Tyr267His was revealed. The mutation was present in seven family members, five of whom displayed cardiac defects alone with no involvement of the skeletal muscle. In all mutated individuals muscle MRI featured a pattern of skeletal muscle involvement similar to that observed in autosomal dominant Emery Dreifuss muscular dystrophy, suggesting that even patients bearing a LMNA gene mutation associated to an apparently selective cardiac phenotype may present subclinical skeletal muscle involvement.
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Maioli MA, Marrosu G, Mateddu A, Solla E, Carboni N, Tacconi P, Lai C, Marrosu MG. A novel mutation in the central rod domain of lamin A/C producing a phenotype resembling the Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy phenotype. Muscle Nerve 2008; 36:828-32. [PMID: 17701980 DOI: 10.1002/mus.20879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Lamins are the principal components of the nuclear lamina, a network constituting the major structural framework of the nuclear envelope. Alterations in lamin A/C have been associated with a heterogeneous series of human disorders known as laminopathies. We report the finding of a novel deletion in the central rod domain of lamin A/C exon 3 gene in four members of the same family. This genetic alteration was likely responsible for the relatively homogeneous clinical phenotype observed in our three patients, represented by a prominent cardiac conduction-system disease necessitating permanent pacemaker implantation, and limited skeletal involvement manifested by spinal rigidity and contractures. The findings from these cases further expand the clinical spectrum associated with mutations in the LMNA gene.
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Martoni E, Sabatelli P, Fabris M, Mercuri E, Pane M, Messina S, Ricci E, Bertini E, D’Amico A, Maioli M, Marrosu G, Carboni N, Calzolari E, Merlini L, Gualandi F, Ferlini A. C.P.2.05 Molecular analysis of COL6 genes in patients with Bethlem myopathy and Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy. Neuromuscul Disord 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2007.06.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Mercuri E, Messina S, Battini R, Berardinelli A, Boffi P, Bono R, Bruno C, Carboni N, Cini C, Colitto F, D'Amico A, Minetti C, Mirabella M, Mongini T, Morandi L, Dlamini N, Orcesi S, Pelliccioni M, Pane M, Pini A, Swan AV, Villanova M, Vita G, Main M, Muntoni F, Bertini E. Reliability of the Hammersmith functional motor scale for spinal muscular atrophy in a multicentric study. Neuromuscul Disord 2006; 16:93-8. [PMID: 16427782 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2005.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2005] [Revised: 11/22/2005] [Accepted: 11/25/2005] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to validate the Hammersmith functional motor scale for children with spinal muscular atrophy in a large cohort of 90 non-ambulant children with spinal muscular atrophy type 2 or 3. All had a baseline assessment (T0) and were reassessed either at 3 months (T1) (n = 66) or at 6 months (T2) (n = 24). Inter-observer reliability, tested on 13 children among 3 examiners, was > 95%. Of the 66 children examined after 3 months 4 had adverse effects in between assessments and were excluded from the analysis. Forty-two (68%) of the remaining 62 reassessed had no variation in scores between T0 and T1 and 13 (21%) were within +/- 1 point. 9 (37.5%) of the 24 children reassessed after 6 months had no variation in scores between T0 and T2 and another 9 (37.5%) had variations within +/- 1 point. Our study confirms previous observations of the reliability of the scale and helps to establish a baseline for assessing changes of functional ability over 3 and 6 month intervals. This information can be valuable in view of therapeutic trials.
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Cocco E, Mamusa E, Carboni N, Marrosu G, Vannelli A, Mascia MG, Sirca A, Marrosu MG. Treatment of refractory chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy with interferon β1B. J Neurol 2005; 252:1420-2. [PMID: 15944862 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-005-0876-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2004] [Revised: 03/08/2005] [Accepted: 03/30/2005] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Arisi E, Pruneri G, Carboni N, Sambataro G, Pignataro L. Prognostic significance of P27 and cyclin D1 co-expression in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma: possible target for novel therapeutic strategies. J Chemother 2005; 16 Suppl 5:3-6. [PMID: 15675466 DOI: 10.1080/1120009x.2004.11782372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Tumour cells are characterised by uncontrolled growth due to alterations in the genes that play a key role in cell repair systems and apoptosis: pro-mitotic oncogenes such as cyclin D1, and tumour suppressor genes such as p27. Recent studies have demonstrated that these genes are involved in different epithelial neoplasms and that their expression is generally associated with prognosis. The aim of this immunohistochemical study was to analyse the clinical relevance of cyclin D1/p27 co-expression in a homogeneous series of 132 laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas. Multivariate analysis showed that cyclin D1 and p27 were the only statistically significant predictors of disease-free and overall survival. In relation to the simultaneous expression of p27 protein and cyclin D1, the patients with a cyclin D1+/p27-phenotype had the poorest disease-free and overall survival rates. On the basis of these immunohistochemical results, it was possible to select a subgroup of patients with a high risk of recurrence and poor prognosis to undergo more extended surgical treatment and/or combination antitumoral therapeutic procedures.
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Ferreri AJ, Ponzoni M, Pruneri G, Freschi M, Rossi R, Dell'Oro S, Baldini L, Buffa R, Carboni N, Villa E, Viale G. Immunoreactivity for p27(KIP1) and cyclin E is an independent predictor of survival in primary gastric non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Int J Cancer 2001; 94:599-604. [PMID: 11745451 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.1509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Our aim was to assess the prognostic implications of the expression of p27(KIP1) and cyclin E in gastric lymphoma. We investigated the prognostic value of the immunoreactivity of these molecules in 92 cases of primary gastric lymphoma: 34 LGMLs, 24 DLCLMLs and 34 DLCLs. p27 was positive in 88% of LGMLs, 71% of DLCLMLs and 32% of DLCLs (p = 0.004); cyclin E was positive in 9%, 33% and 59% of cases, respectively (p < 0.00001). p27/cyclin E immunoreactivity significantly correlated with histologic category, stage and LDH serum level. p27 immunoreactivity was significantly associated with better survival, whereas cyclin E reactivity was significantly related to worse outcome. Five-year CSS was 94% for patients with p27(+)/cyclin E(-) phenotype (n = 42), 79% for p27(+)/cyclin E(+) (n = 14) or p27(-)/cyclin E(-) (n = 16) phenotype and 60% for p27(-)/cyclin E(+) phenotype (n = 16) (p = 0.02). The prognostic role of p27/cyclin E expression was confirmed when analyzed separately within LGMLs and large-cell lymphomas. Immunoreactivity for p27 and cyclin E is an independent predictor of survival in PGLs that may be an adjunctive tool in identifying high-risk patients. It correlates with histologic category, stage and LDH serum level. p27(-)/cyclin E(+) phenotype is associated with worse survival, probably due to a synergistic effect of both cell-cycle defects. The predictive role of these molecules within each histologic group of PGLs deserves to be confirmed in larger series.
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