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Gilbert L, Collignon P. Out of Africa: response to Ebola in the developed world; lessons for the future. MICROBIOLOGY AUSTRALIA 2015. [DOI: 10.1071/ma15053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Graham DW, Collignon P, Davies J, Larsson DGJ, Snape J. Underappreciated role of regionally poor water quality on globally increasing antibiotic resistance. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:11746-11747. [PMID: 25330712 DOI: 10.1021/es504206x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
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Collignon P. The importance of a One Health approach to preventing the development and spread of antibiotic resistance. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2014; 366:19-36. [PMID: 22692831 DOI: 10.1007/82_2012_224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a continuing and growing problem. Antibiotic resistance causes increased deaths, complications, expenses and prolonged hospital stays. There are not likely to be many new classes of antibiotics becoming available in the next few decades. We need to take a "One Health" perspective to this problem. We need to preserve the usefulness of those antibiotics we currently have by decreasing their overall use in all sectors, and especially the use of broad spectrum agents. We also need to improve our ability to prevent infections and the spread of resistant bacteria wherever they arise or are found. This means improving our practices with infection control, hygiene and animal husbandry. We need to improve the development and the delivery of effective and safe vaccines to prevent infections. We need safe water supplies. Our failure to do this has already resulted in large numbers of people entering a "post-antibiotic era" for many common infections.
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Fernando G, Collignon P, Beckingham W. ATP bioluminescence to validate the decontamination process of gastrointestinal endoscopes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1071/hi13034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Tom S, Galbraith JC, Valiquette L, Jacobsson G, Collignon P, Schønheyder HC, Søgaard M, Kennedy KJ, Knudsen JD, Ostergaard C, Lyytikäinen O, Laupland KB. Case fatality ratio and mortality rate trends of community-onset Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia. Clin Microbiol Infect 2014; 20:O630-2. [PMID: 24461038 DOI: 10.1111/1469-0691.12564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Revised: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Lethal outcomes can be expressed as a case fatality ratio (CFR) or as a mortality rate per 100 000 population per year (MR). Population surveillance for community-onset methicillin-sensitive (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant (MRSA) Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia was conducted in Canada, Australia, Sweden and Denmark to evaluate 30-day CFR and MR trends between 2000 and 2008. The CFR was 20.3% (MSSA 20.2%, MRSA 22.3%) and MR was 3.4 (MSSA 3.1, MRSA 0.3) per 100 000 per year. Although MSSA CFR was stable the MSSA MR increased; MRSA CFR decreased while its MR remained low during the study. Community-onset S. aureus bacteraemia, particularly MSSA, is associated with major disease burden. This study highlights complementary information provided by evaluating both CFR and MR.
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Collignon P, Aarestrup FM, Irwin R, McEwen S. Human deaths and third-generation cephalosporin use in poultry, Europe. Emerg Infect Dis 2014; 19:1339-40. [PMID: 23876416 PMCID: PMC3739506 DOI: 10.3201/eid.1908.120681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Ashbolt NJ, Amézquita A, Backhaus T, Borriello P, Brandt KK, Collignon P, Coors A, Finley R, Gaze WH, Heberer T, Lawrence JR, Larsson DGJ, McEwen SA, Ryan JJ, Schönfeld J, Silley P, Snape JR, Van den Eede C, Topp E. Human Health Risk Assessment (HHRA) for environmental development and transfer of antibiotic resistance. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2013; 121:993-1001. [PMID: 23838256 PMCID: PMC3764079 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1206316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 385] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2012] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Only recently has the environment been clearly implicated in the risk of antibiotic resistance to clinical outcome, but to date there have been few documented approaches to formally assess these risks. OBJECTIVE We examined possible approaches and sought to identify research needs to enable human health risk assessments (HHRA) that focus on the role of the environment in the failure of antibiotic treatment caused by antibiotic-resistant pathogens. METHODS The authors participated in a workshop held 4-8 March 2012 in Québec, Canada, to define the scope and objectives of an environmental assessment of antibiotic-resistance risks to human health. We focused on key elements of environmental-resistance-development "hot spots," exposure assessment (unrelated to food), and dose response to characterize risks that may improve antibiotic-resistance management options. DISCUSSION Various novel aspects to traditional risk assessments were identified to enable an assessment of environmental antibiotic resistance. These include a) accounting for an added selective pressure on the environmental resistome that, over time, allows for development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB); b) identifying and describing rates of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in the relevant environmental "hot spot" compartments; and c) modifying traditional dose-response approaches to address doses of ARB for various health outcomes and pathways. CONCLUSIONS We propose that environmental aspects of antibiotic-resistance development be included in the processes of any HHRA addressing ARB. Because of limited available data, a multicriteria decision analysis approach would be a useful way to undertake an HHRA of environmental antibiotic resistance that informs risk managers.
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Finley RL, Collignon P, Larsson DGJ, McEwen SA, Li XZ, Gaze WH, Reid-Smith R, Timinouni M, Graham DW, Topp E. The scourge of antibiotic resistance: the important role of the environment. Clin Infect Dis 2013. [PMID: 23723195 DOI: 10.1093/cid/cit1355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance and associated genes are ubiquitous and ancient, with most genes that encode resistance in human pathogens having originated in bacteria from the natural environment (eg, β-lactamases and fluoroquinolones resistance genes, such as qnr). The rapid evolution and spread of "new" antibiotic resistance genes has been enhanced by modern human activity and its influence on the environmental resistome. This highlights the importance of including the role of the environmental vectors, such as bacterial genetic diversity within soil and water, in resistance risk management. We need to take more steps to decrease the spread of resistance genes in environmental bacteria into human pathogens, to decrease the spread of resistant bacteria to people and animals via foodstuffs, wastes and water, and to minimize the levels of antibiotics and antibiotic-resistant bacteria introduced into the environment. Reducing this risk must include improved management of waste containing antibiotic residues and antibiotic-resistant microorganisms.
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Collignon P, Aarestrup FM, Irwin R, McEwen S. Human Deaths and Third-Generation Cephalosporin use in Poultry, Europe. Emerg Infect Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.3201/eid1908.120681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Pruden A, Larsson DJ, Amézquita A, Collignon P, Brandt KK, Graham DW, Lazorchak JM, Suzuki S, Silley P, Snape JR, Topp E, Zhang T, Zhu YG. Management options for reducing the release of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes to the environment. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2013; 121:878-85. [PMID: 23735422 PMCID: PMC3734499 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1206446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 441] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is growing concern worldwide about the role of polluted soil and water environments in the development and dissemination of antibiotic resistance. OBJECTIVE Our aim in this study was to identify management options for reducing the spread of antibiotics and antibiotic-resistance determinants via environmental pathways, with the ultimate goal of extending the useful life span of antibiotics. We also examined incentives and disincentives for action. METHODS We focused on management options with respect to limiting agricultural sources; treatment of domestic, hospital, and industrial wastewater; and aquaculture. DISCUSSION We identified several options, such as nutrient management, runoff control, and infrastructure upgrades. Where appropriate, a cross-section of examples from various regions of the world is provided. The importance of monitoring and validating effectiveness of management strategies is also highlighted. Finally, we describe a case study in Sweden that illustrates the critical role of communication to engage stakeholders and promote action. CONCLUSIONS Environmental releases of antibiotics and antibiotic-resistant bacteria can in many cases be reduced at little or no cost. Some management options are synergistic with existing policies and goals. The anticipated benefit is an extended useful life span for current and future antibiotics. Although risk reductions are often difficult to quantify, the severity of accelerating worldwide morbidity and mortality rates associated with antibiotic resistance strongly indicate the need for action.
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Aidara-Kane A, Andremont A, Collignon P. Antimicrobial resistance in the food chain and the AGISAR initiative. J Infect Public Health 2013; 6:162-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2013.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 03/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Finley RL, Collignon P, Larsson DGJ, McEwen SA, Li XZ, Gaze WH, Reid-Smith R, Timinouni M, Graham DW, Topp E. The scourge of antibiotic resistance: the important role of the environment. Clin Infect Dis 2013; 57:704-10. [PMID: 23723195 DOI: 10.1093/cid/cit355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 363] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance and associated genes are ubiquitous and ancient, with most genes that encode resistance in human pathogens having originated in bacteria from the natural environment (eg, β-lactamases and fluoroquinolones resistance genes, such as qnr). The rapid evolution and spread of "new" antibiotic resistance genes has been enhanced by modern human activity and its influence on the environmental resistome. This highlights the importance of including the role of the environmental vectors, such as bacterial genetic diversity within soil and water, in resistance risk management. We need to take more steps to decrease the spread of resistance genes in environmental bacteria into human pathogens, to decrease the spread of resistant bacteria to people and animals via foodstuffs, wastes and water, and to minimize the levels of antibiotics and antibiotic-resistant bacteria introduced into the environment. Reducing this risk must include improved management of waste containing antibiotic residues and antibiotic-resistant microorganisms.
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Collignon P. Superbugs in food: a severe public health concern. THE LANCET. INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2013; 13:641-3. [PMID: 23721757 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(13)70141-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Callier P, Aral B, Hanna N, Lambert S, Dindy H, Ragon C, Payet M, Collod-Beroud G, Carmignac V, Delrue MA, Goizet C, Philip N, Busa T, Dulac Y, Missotte I, Sznajer Y, Toutain A, Francannet C, Megarbane A, Julia S, Edouard T, Sarda P, Amiel J, Lyonnet S, Cormier-Daire V, Gilbert B, Jacquette A, Heron D, Collignon P, Lacombe D, Morice-Picard F, Jouk PS, Cusin V, Willems M, Sarrazin E, Amarof K, Coubes C, Addor MC, Journel H, Colin E, Khau Van Kien P, Baumann C, Leheup B, Martin-Coignard D, Doco-Fenzy M, Goldenberg A, Plessis G, Thevenon J, Pasquier L, Odent S, Vabres P, Huet F, Marle N, Mosca-Boidron AL, Mugneret F, Gauthier S, Binquet C, Thauvin-Robinet C, Jondeau G, Boileau C, Faivre L. Systematic molecular and cytogenetic screening of 100 patients with marfanoid syndromes and intellectual disability. Clin Genet 2013; 84:507-21. [PMID: 23506379 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2012] [Revised: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The association of marfanoid habitus (MH) and intellectual disability (ID) has been reported in the literature, with overlapping presentations and genetic heterogeneity. A hundred patients (71 males and 29 females) with a MH and ID were recruited. Custom-designed 244K array-CGH (Agilent®; Agilent Technologies Inc., Santa Clara, CA) and MED12, ZDHHC9, UPF3B, FBN1, TGFBR1 and TGFBR2 sequencing analyses were performed. Eighty patients could be classified as isolated MH and ID: 12 chromosomal imbalances, 1 FBN1 mutation and 1 possibly pathogenic MED12 mutation were found (17%). Twenty patients could be classified as ID with other extra-skeletal features of the Marfan syndrome (MFS) spectrum: 4 pathogenic FBN1 mutations and 4 chromosomal imbalances were found (2 patients with both FBN1 mutation and chromosomal rearrangement) (29%). These results suggest either that there are more loci with genes yet to be discovered or that MH can also be a relatively non-specific feature of patients with ID. The search for aortic complications is mandatory even if MH is associated with ID since FBN1 mutations or rearrangements were found in some patients. The excess of males is in favour of the involvement of other X-linked genes. Although it was impossible to make a diagnosis in 80% of patients, these results will improve genetic counselling in families.
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Cheng AC, Turnidge J, Collignon P, Looke D, Barton M, Gottlieb T. Control of fluoroquinolone resistance through successful regulation, Australia. Emerg Infect Dis 2013; 18:1453-60. [PMID: 22932272 PMCID: PMC3437704 DOI: 10.3201/eid1809.111515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluoroquinolone antimicrobial drugs are highly bioavailable, broad-spectrum agents with activity against gram-negative pathogens, especially those resistant to other classes of antimicrobial drugs. Australia has restricted the use of quinolones in humans through its national pharmaceutical subsidy scheme; and, through regulation, has not permitted the use of quinolones in food-producing animals. As a consequence, resistance to fluoroquinolones in the community has been slow to emerge and has remained at low levels in key pathogens, such as Escherichia coli. In contrast to policies in most other countries, this policy has successfully preserved the utility of this class of antimicrobial drugs for treatment of most infections.
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Coron F, Rousseau T, Jondeau G, Gautier E, Binquet C, Gouya L, Cusin V, Odent S, Dulac Y, Plauchu H, Collignon P, Delrue MA, Leheup B, Joly L, Huet F, Thevenon J, Mace G, Cassini C, Thauvin-Robinet C, Wolf JE, Hanna N, Sagot P, Boileau C, Faivre L. What do French patients and geneticists think about prenatal and preimplantation diagnoses in Marfan syndrome? Prenat Diagn 2012; 32:1318-23. [DOI: 10.1002/pd.4008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Collignon P. Antibiotic resistance in human Salmonella isolates are related to animal strains. Proc Biol Sci 2012; 279:2922-3; author reply 2924-5. [PMID: 22572205 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2012.0349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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69
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Laupland KB, Lyytikäinen O, Søgaard M, Kennedy KJ, Knudsen JD, Ostergaard C, Galbraith JC, Valiquette L, Jacobsson G, Collignon P, Schønheyder HC. The changing epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection: a multinational population-based surveillance study. Clin Microbiol Infect 2012; 19:465-71. [PMID: 22616816 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2012.03903.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Although the epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection (BSI) has been changing, international comparisons are lacking. We sought to determine the incidence of S. aureus BSI and assess trends over time and by region. Population-based surveillance was conducted nationally in Finland and regionally in Canberra, Australia, western Sweden, and three areas in each of Canada and Denmark during 2000-2008. Incidence rates were age-standardized and gender-standardized to the EU 27-country 2007 population. During 83 million person-years of surveillance, 18,430 episodes of S. aureus BSI were identified. The overall annual incidence rate for S. aureus BSI was 26.1 per 100,000 population, and those for methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) were 24.2 and 1.9 per 100,000, respectively. Although the overall incidence of community-onset MSSA BSI (15.0 per 100,000) was relatively similar across regions, the incidence rates of hospital-onset MSSA (9.2 per 100,000), community-onset MRSA (1.0 per 100,000) and hospital-onset MRSA (0.8 per 100,000) BSI varied substantially. Whereas the overall incidence of S. aureus BSI did not increase over the study period, there was an increase in the incidence of MRSA BSI. Major changes in the occurrence of community-onset and hospital-onset MSSA and MRSA BSI occurred, but these varied significantly among regions, even within the same country. Although major changes in the epidemiology of community-onset and hospital-onset MSSA and MRSA BSIs are occurring, this multinational population-based study did not find that the overall incidence of S. aureus BSI is increasing.
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Johnson JR, Menard ME, Lauderdale TL, Kosmidis C, Gordon D, Collignon P, Maslow JN, Andrasević AT, Kuskowski MA. Global distribution and epidemiologic associations of Escherichia coli clonal group A, 1998-2007. Emerg Infect Dis 2012; 17:2001-9. [PMID: 22099087 DOI: 10.3201/eid1711.110488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli clonal group A (CGA) was first reported in 2001 as an emerging multidrug-resistant extraintestinal pathogen. Because CGA has considerable implications for public health, we examined the trends of its global distribution, clinical associations, and temporal prevalence for the years 1998-2007. We characterized 2,210 E. coli extraintestinal clinical isolates from 32 centers on 6 continents by CGA status for comparison with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMZ) phenotype, specimen type, inpatient/outpatient source, and adult/child host; we adjusted for clustering by center. CGA prevalence varied greatly by center and continent, was strongly associated with TMP/SMZ resistance but not with other epidemiologic variables, and exhibited no temporal prevalence trend. Our findings indicate that CGA is a prominent, primarily TMP/SMZ-resistant extraintestinal pathogen concentrated within the Western world, with considerable pathogenic versatility. The stable prevalence of CGA over time suggests full emergence by the late 1990s, followed by variable endemicity worldwide as an antimicrobial drug-resistant public health threat.
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Toyne H, Webber C, Collignon P, Dwan K, Kljakovic M. Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) resistance and antibiotic use in patients attending Australian general practice. Australas J Dermatol 2012; 53:106-11. [PMID: 22571557 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-0960.2011.00867.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Antibiotic resistance in the community, including transfer between bacteria, is a growing concern for clinicians. Acne is commonly treated in general practice, sometimes with antibiotics. The aim of this study is to measure the rate of carriage of antibiotic resistant Propionibacterium acnes 10 years apart in general practice and the relationship of resistance to type of treatment, as well potential effects on other flora. METHODS Patients (N = 215) with acne presenting to Australian Capital Territory and south-eastern New South Wales general practices were swabbed for P. acnes in 1997-1998 and 2007. Clinical details were collected with questionnaires. In 2007 swabs were also taken for Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae. GP's diagnostic classification of acne was tested using a set of standard photographs. RESULTS Resistant P. acnes was isolated from 20 patients (9%) and the proportion that was resistant was the same in 1997-1998 and in 2007. Antibiotic use, particularly topical, was associated with P. acnes resistance. Resistance rates declined with the time elapsed since ceasing antibiotics. Use of retinoids was associated with a decreased chance of growing P. acnes (P = 0.008) but not with decreased resistance. Simultaneous resistance with S. aureus was not detected, but only in 30 patients was S. aureus isolated. CONCLUSIONS P. acnes resistance was similar in 1997-1998 and in 2007.The chance of a patient carrying a resistant strain of P. acnes is significantly greater with recent exposure to antibiotics, and clinicians should limit prescribing where possible. Resistance disappears rapidly after ceasing antibiotics. Cross resistance with other organisms was not detected in this study.
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Collignon P. Influenza vaccination in young children. THE LANCET. INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2011; 11:657-658. [PMID: 21867949 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(11)70223-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
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Vieira AR, Collignon P, Aarestrup FM, McEwen SA, Hendriksen RS, Hald T, Wegener HC. Association between antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli isolates from food animals and blood stream isolates from humans in Europe: an ecological study. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2011; 8:1295-301. [PMID: 21883007 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2011.0950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In addition to medical antimicrobial usage, the use of antimicrobials in food animals contributes to the occurrence of resistance among some bacterial species isolated from infections in humans. Recently, several studies have indicated that a large proportion of Escherichia coli causing infections in humans, especially those resistant to antimicrobials, have an animal origin. METHODS We analyzed the correlation between the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in E. coli isolates from blood stream infections in humans and in E. coli isolates from poultry, pigs, and cattle between 2005 and 2008 for 11 countries, using available surveillance data. We also assessed the correlation between human antimicrobial usage and the occurrence of resistance in E. coli isolates from blood stream infections. RESULTS Strong and significant correlations between prevalences of resistance to ampicillin (r=0.94), aminoglycosides (r=0.72), third-generation cephalosporins (r=0.76), and fluoroquinolones (r=0.68) were observed for human and poultry E. coli isolates. Similar significant correlations were observed for ampicillin (r=0.91), aminoglycosides (r=0.73), and fluoroquinolone resistance (r=0.74) in pig and human isolates. In cattle isolates, only ampicillin resistance (r=0.72) was significantly correlated to human isolates. When usage of antimicrobials in humans was analyzed with antimicrobial resistance among human isolates, only correlations between fluoroquinolones (r=0.90) and third-generation cephalosporins (r=0.75) were significant. CONCLUSIONS Resistance in E. coli isolates from food animals (especially poultry and pigs) was highly correlated with resistance in isolates from humans. This supports the hypothesis that a large proportion of resistant E. coli isolates causing blood stream infections in people may be derived from food sources.
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Carlet J, Collignon P, Goldmann D, Goossens H, Gyssens IC, Harbarth S, Jarlier V, Levy SB, N'Doye B, Pittet D, Richtmann R, Seto WH, van der Meer JWM, Voss A. Society's failure to protect a precious resource: antibiotics. Lancet 2011; 378:369-71. [PMID: 21477855 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(11)60401-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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75
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Collignon P. Swine flu: lessons we need to learn from our global experience. EMERGING HEALTH THREATS JOURNAL 2011; 4:7169. [PMID: 24149036 PMCID: PMC3168221 DOI: 10.3402/ehtj.v4i0.7169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2010] [Revised: 04/06/2011] [Accepted: 05/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
There are important lessons to be learnt from the recent 'Swine Flu' pandemic. Before we call it a pandemic, we need to have appropriate trigger points that involve not only the spread of the virus but also its level of virulence. This was not done for H1N1 (swine flu). We need to ensure that we improve the techniques used in trying to decrease the spread of infection-both in the community and within our hospitals. This means improved infection control and hygiene, and the use of masks, alcohol hand rubs and so on. We also need to have a different approach to vaccines. Effective vaccines were produced only after the epidemic had passed and therefore had relatively little impact in preventing many infections. Mass population strategies involving vaccines and antivirals also misused large amounts of scarce medical resources.
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Collignon P. Swine flu – lessons we need to learn. MICROBIOLOGY AUSTRALIA 2011. [DOI: 10.1071/ma11003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Important lessons need to be learnt from the recent swine flu pandemic. Overall the population health effects of swine flu were less than a moderately severe seasonal influenza outbreak. A pandemic should not be declared unless we have both the spread of the virus but also when its virulence is above a predefined level. We need to ensure that we improve techniques to decrease the spread of infection both in the community and within our hospitals. This means improved infection control and hygiene with the use of masks, alcohol hand rubs and so on We also need to have a different approach to vaccines. Effective vaccines were produced only after the epidemic had passed and so had relatively little efficacy in preventing many infections. Mass population strategies involving vaccines and antivirals also misused large amounts of scarce medical resources.
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Mitchell B, Gardner A, Collignon P, Stewart L, Cruickshank M. A literature review supporting the proposed national Australian definition for Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1071/hi10030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Collignon P, Doshi P, Jefferson T. Child influenza vaccination. Ramifications of adverse events in children in Australia. BMJ 2010; 340:c2994. [PMID: 20534663 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.c2994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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79
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Rowles G, Collignon P. H1N1 immunisation. Aust Prescr 2010. [DOI: 10.18773/austprescr.2010.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Bickle K, Collignon P. H1N1 immunisation. Aust Prescr 2010. [DOI: 10.18773/austprescr.2010.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Laupland KB, Schønheyder HC, Kennedy KJ, Lyytikäinen O, Valiquette L, Galbraith J, Collignon P. Salmonella enterica bacteraemia: a multi-national population-based cohort study. BMC Infect Dis 2010; 10:95. [PMID: 20398281 PMCID: PMC2861061 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-10-95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2010] [Accepted: 04/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Salmonella enterica is an important emerging cause of invasive infections worldwide. However, population-based data are limited. The objective of this study was to define the occurrence of S. enterica bacteremia in a large international population and to evaluate temporal and regional differences. Methods We conducted population-based laboratory surveillance for all salmonella bacteremias in six regions (annual population at risk 7.7 million residents) in Finland, Australia, Denmark, and Canada during 2000-2007. Results A total of 622 cases were identified for an annual incidence of 1.02 per 100,000 population. The incidence of typhoidal (serotypes Typhi and Paratyphi) and non-typhoidal (other serotypes) disease was 0.21 and 0.81 per 100,000/year. There was major regional and moderate seasonal and year to year variability with an increased incidence observed in the latter years of the study related principally to increasing rates of non-typhoidal salmonella bacteremias. Advancing age and male gender were significant risk factors for acquiring non-typhoidal salmonella bacteremia. In contrast, typhoidal salmonella bacteremia showed a decreasing incidence with advancing age and no gender-related excess risk. Conclusions Salmonella enterica is an important emerging pathogen and regional determinants of risk merits further investigation.
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Travaglini L, Brancati F, Attie-Bitach T, Audollent S, Bertini E, Kaplan J, Perrault I, Iannicelli M, Mancuso B, Rigoli L, Rozet JM, Swistun D, Tolentino J, Dallapiccola B, Gleeson JG, Valente EM, Zankl A, Leventer R, Grattan-Smith P, Janecke A, D'Hooghe M, Sznajer Y, Van Coster R, Demerleir L, Dias K, Moco C, Moreira A, Kim CA, Maegawa G, Petkovic D, Abdel-Salam GMH, Abdel-Aleem A, Zaki MS, Marti I, Quijano-Roy S, Sigaudy S, de Lonlay P, Romano S, Touraine R, Koenig M, Lagier-Tourenne C, Messer J, Collignon P, Wolf N, Philippi H, Kitsiou Tzeli S, Halldorsson S, Johannsdottir J, Ludvigsson P, Phadke SR, Udani V, Stuart B, Magee A, Lev D, Michelson M, Ben-Zeev B, Fischetto R, Benedicenti F, Stanzial F, Borgatti R, Accorsi P, Battaglia S, Fazzi E, Giordano L, Pinelli L, Boccone L, Bigoni S, Ferlini A, Donati MA, Caridi G, Divizia MT, Faravelli F, Ghiggeri G, Pessagno A, Briguglio M, Briuglia S, Salpietro CD, Tortorella G, Adami A, Castorina P, Lalatta F, Marra G, Riva D, Scelsa B, Spaccini L, Uziel G, Del Giudice E, Laverda AM, Ludwig K, Permunian A, Suppiej A, Signorini S, Uggetti C, Battini R, Di Giacomo M, Cilio MR, Di Sabato ML, Leuzzi V, Parisi P, Pollazzon M, Silengo M, De Vescovi R, Greco D, Romano C, Cazzagon M, Simonati A, Al-Tawari AA, Bastaki L, Mégarbané A, Sabolic Avramovska V, de Jong MM, Stromme P, Koul R, Rajab A, Azam M, Barbot C, Martorell Sampol L, Rodriguez B, Pascual-Castroviejo I, Teber S, Anlar B, Comu S, Karaca E, Kayserili H, Yüksel A, Akcakus M, Al Gazali L, Sztriha L, Nicholl D, Woods CG, Bennett C, Hurst J, Sheridan E, Barnicoat A, Hennekam R, Lees M, Blair E, Bernes S, Sanchez H, Clark AE, DeMarco E, Donahue C, Sherr E, Hahn J, Sanger TD, Gallager TE, Dobyns WB, Daugherty C, Krishnamoorthy KS, Sarco D, Walsh CA, McKanna T, Milisa J, Chung WK, De Vivo DC, Raynes H, Schubert R, Seward A, Brooks DG, Goldstein A, Caldwell J, Finsecke E, Maria BL, Holden K, Cruse RP, Swoboda KJ, Viskochil D. Expanding CEP290 mutational spectrum in ciliopathies. Am J Med Genet A 2009; 149A:2173-80. [PMID: 19764032 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ciliopathies are an expanding group of rare conditions characterized by multiorgan involvement, that are caused by mutations in genes encoding for proteins of the primary cilium or its apparatus. Among these genes, CEP290 bears an intriguing allelic spectrum, being commonly mutated in Joubert syndrome and related disorders (JSRD), Meckel syndrome (MKS), Senior-Loken syndrome and isolated Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA). Although these conditions are recessively inherited, in a subset of patients only one CEP290 mutation could be detected. To assess whether genomic rearrangements involving the CEP290 gene could represent a possible mutational mechanism in these cases, exon dosage analysis on genomic DNA was performed in two groups of CEP290 heterozygous patients, including five JSRD/MKS cases and four LCA, respectively. In one JSRD patient, we identified a large heterozygous deletion encompassing CEP290 C-terminus that resulted in marked reduction of mRNA expression. No copy number alterations were identified in the remaining probands. The present work expands the CEP290 genotypic spectrum to include multiexon deletions. Although this mechanism does not appear to be frequent, screening for genomic rearrangements should be considered in patients in whom a single CEP290 mutated allele was identified.
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Collignon P, Powers J, Chiller T, Aidara‐Kane A, Aarestrup F. Reply to Catry and Threlfall. Clin Infect Dis 2009. [DOI: 10.1086/648503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Collignon P, Cruickshank M, Dreimanis D. Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections: an important indicator for infection control. Chapter 2: Bloodstream infections – an abridged version. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1071/hi09013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Heuer O, Kruse H, Grave K, Collignon P, Karunasagar I, Angulo F. Human Health Consequences of Use of Antimicrobial Agents in Aquaculture. Clin Infect Dis 2009; 49:1248-53. [DOI: 10.1086/605667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 302] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Collignon P. Flawed Comparative Groups Lead to Flawed Conclusions. Chest 2009; 136:1184-1185. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.09-1153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Collignon P, Powers JH, Chiller TM, Aidara-Kane A, Aarestrup FM. World Health Organization ranking of antimicrobials according to their importance in human medicine: A critical step for developing risk management strategies for the use of antimicrobials in food production animals. Clin Infect Dis 2009; 49:132-41. [PMID: 19489713 DOI: 10.1086/599374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of antimicrobials in food animals creates an important source of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria that can spread to humans through the food supply. Improved management of the use of antimicrobials in food animals, particularly reducing the usage of those that are "critically important" for human medicine, is an important step toward preserving the benefits of antimicrobials for people. The World Health Organization has developed and applied criteria to rank antimicrobials according to their relative importance in human medicine. Clinicians, regulatory agencies, policy makers, and other stakeholders can use this ranking when developing risk management strategies for the use of antimicrobials in food production animals. The ranking allows stakeholders to focus risk management efforts on drugs used in food animals that are the most important to human medicine and, thus, need to be addressed most urgently, such as fluoroquinolones, macrolides, and third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins.
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Laupland KB, Schønheyder HC, Kennedy KJ, Lyytikäinen O, Valiquette L, Galbraith J, Collignon P, Church DL, Gregson DB, Kibsey P. Rationale for and protocol of a multi-national population-based bacteremia surveillance collaborative. BMC Res Notes 2009; 2:146. [PMID: 19624839 PMCID: PMC2721840 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-2-146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2009] [Accepted: 07/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bloodstream infections are frequent causes of human illness and cause major morbidity and death. In order to best define the epidemiology of these infections and to track changes in occurrence, adverse outcome, and resistance rates over time, population based methodologies are optimal. However, few population-based surveillance systems exist worldwide, and because of differences in methodology inter-regional comparisons are limited. In this report we describe the rationale and propose first practical steps for developing an international collaborative approach to the epidemiologic study and surveillance for bacteremia. FINDINGS The founding collaborative participants represent six regions in four countries in three continents with a combined annual surveillance population of more than 8 million residents. CONCLUSION Future studies from this collaborative should lead to a better understanding of the epidemiology of bloodstream infections.
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Laupland K, Schonheyder H, Kennedy K, Lyytikainen O, Valiquette L, Galbraith J, Collignon P, Church D, Gregson D, Kibsey P. P265 Development of a multi-national population-based bacteremia surveillance collaborative. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-8579(09)70484-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Ong K, Perdu J, Plauchu H, De Backer J, De Paepe A, Emmerich J, Jeunemaitre X, Germain D, Collignon P, Georgesco G, Bozec E, Hulot J, Laurent S, Boutouyrie P. 3.3 EFFECT OF CELIPROLOL ON PREVENTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS IN VASCULAR EHLERS-DANLOS SYNDROME. Artery Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.artres.2009.10.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Aarestrup FM, Wegener HC, Collignon P. Resistance in bacteria of the food chain: epidemiology and control strategies. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2008; 6:733-50. [PMID: 18847409 DOI: 10.1586/14787210.6.5.733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria have evolved multiple mechanisms for the efficient evolution and spread of antimicrobial resistance. Modern food production facilitates the emergence and spread of resistance through the intensive use of antimicrobial agents and international trade of both animals and food products. The main route of transmission between food animals and humans is via food products, although other modes of transmission, such as direct contact and through the environment, also occur. Resistance can spread as resistant pathogens or via transferable genes in different commensal bacteria, making quantification of the transmission difficult. The exposure of humans to antimicrobial resistance from food animals can be controlled by either limiting the selective pressure from antimicrobial usage or by limiting the spread of the bacteria/genes. A number of control options are reviewed, including drug licensing, removing financial incentives, banning or restricting the use of certain drugs, altering prescribers behavior, improving animal health, improving hygiene and implementing microbial criteria for certain types of resistant pathogens for use in the control of trade of both food animals and food.
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Collignon P. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in hospitals. ANZ J Surg 2008; 78:642-3. [PMID: 18796017 DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-2197.2008.04605.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Beckingham W, Senanayake S, Collignon P, McKenzie G. Is methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus aerosolised when healthcare workers carry out activities for patients? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1071/hi08025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Bhola K, Al-Kindi H, Fadia M, Kent AL, Collignon P, Dahlstrom JE. Placental cultures in the era of peripartum antibiotic use. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2008; 48:179-84. [PMID: 18366492 DOI: 10.1111/j.1479-828x.2008.00833.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Histological examination of the placenta can provide valuable information that aids diagnosis and management for both the mother and the fetus. Positive placental cultures may also provide the clinician with valuable information on which to base therapy. AIMS To determine the incidence of positive placental cultures, the association with chorioamnionitis and whether the rate is affected by antibiotic administration in the peripartum period. METHODS A retrospective study of placentas submitted for histopathology and microbiology culture in higher risk deliveries over a 12-month period in a laboratory at a tertiary facility. Data collected included gestation age, duration of rupture of membranes, maternal fever, group B Streptococcus status, intrapartum antibiotics, placental culture result and the histopathology result. RESULTS Of the 412 placentas submitted, 26% (106 of 412) had histological evidence of in utero inflammation. Sixty-three percent (259 of 412) of placentas were submitted for culture. Of these, only 4.6% (12 of 259) had a positive culture result, with 75% (nine of 12) having histological evidence of acute inflammation. Group B streptococcus and Escherichia coli were the most common isolates. Forty-two per cent (five of 12) of these women had received peripartum antibiotics. CONCLUSIONS Positive placental cultures are found in only a small number of placentas with histological evidence of chorioamnionitis and funisitis. The current method of placental swabbing and culture technique is highly specific but not sensitive. The value of performing current routine placental cultures appears limited.
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Kichine E, Msaidie S, Bokilo AD, Ducourneau A, Navarro A, Levy N, Terriou P, Collignon P, Boetsch G, Chiaroni J, Mitchell MJ. Low-frequency protamine 1 gene transversions c.102G->T and c.-107G->C do not correlate with male infertility. J Med Genet 2008; 45:255-256. [PMID: 18381856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
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Ong K, Laurent S, Perdu J, Plauchu H, Germain D, Collignon P, Georgesco G, Bozec E, Laloux B, De Backer J, Jeunemaitre X, Boutouyrie P. 01.02 GEOMETRIC AND ELASTIC PROPERTIES OF THE COMMON CAROTID ARTERY IN VASCULAR EHLERS-DANLOS SYNDROME PATIENTS WITH IDENTIFIED COL3A1 MUTATIONS. Artery Res 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.artres.2008.08.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Collignon P, Aarestrup FM. Extended-Spectrum -Lactamases, Food, and Cephalosporin Use in Food Animals. Clin Infect Dis 2007; 44:1391-2. [PMID: 17443484 DOI: 10.1086/516612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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