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Bhatia R, Chen R, Monare B, Nsingo M, Ralefala T, Setlhako D, Martei Y, Ramogola-Masire D, Vuylsteke P, Ngwa W, Rendle K, Grover S. Trends in the Use of Hypofractionation in Treatment of Breast Cancer in Botswana. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e568. [PMID: 37785735 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Clinical trials have shown that moderate hypofractionation (HF) is clinically effective as adjuvant treatment to breast conserving surgery or following mastectomy with advanced disease. ASTRO issued updated guidelines in 2018, expanding the population eligible to receive HF to all patients, regardless of age and tumor stage. Use of HF can promote efficient resource utilization for over-burdened health care systems; however, global adoption of HF has been previously only reported via ESTRO survey of individual physicians. These data note that HF following lumpectomy is 40% in Africa vs. >90% in North America, with limited data on the uptake of HF within individual African countries. In this study, we characterize temporal trends and clinical, socio-demographic factors associated with the use of HF in breast cancer in Botswana. MATERIALS/METHODS We retrospectively analyzed a cohort of breast cancer patients receiving curative intent radiation between 2015 and 2022 at the only radiation clinic in Botswana. We compared patients' characteristics between those who received HF vs. standard fractionation (SF) and report chi-square statistics when appropriate. We fit a multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression model with a random intercept for district while adjusting for fixed effects such as HIV infection status, laterality, hormone receptor status, and marital status. RESULTS A total of 234 patients were prescribed curative intent radiation between 2015 and 2022 in Gaborone, Botswana. Median age at diagnosis was 51 years old, and the majority of patients presented with stage III disease (61.9%, 109/234). 26.9% of this population were women living with HIV (WLWH), and 71% lived >100km from the hospital. HF was utilized overall in 59.4% (139/234) of patients. Most common fractionation patterns included: 4005cGy/15fx and 4267cG/16fx. One patient received ultra-HF (2600cGy/5fx). In unadjusted chi-square analysis, a higher proportion of HF was seen in right vs left-sided breast cancer (65.8% vs. 50.9%, p = 0.02), increasing year of diagnosis from 2015 - 2022 (p<0.001), and among patients >/ = 40 years of age vs. those <40 years of age (62.8% vs 42.1%, p = 0.017). Temporal trends show a significant increase in the utilization of HF starting from 23.8% (5/21) in 2015, to 61.5% (32/52) in 2018, and finally 100% (11/11) of cases in 2022. Our regression analysis shows that there is no statistically significant between-district variance or patient-level factors that associate with the uptake of HF. The overall utilization rate for HF between 2015-2022 was 59.4% (95% CI: 53.0%-65.5%). CONCLUSION Based on recent survey results the uptake of HF among African countries is lower than that of North America. To our knowledge, this is the first quantitative analysis of the utilization of HF over 5 years in an African country. Further analysis on factors related to physician prescription of hypofractionation is warranted, including influence of breast laterality, age, and primary surgery type.
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Zheng YW, Wang M, Xie JW, Chen R, Wang XT, He Y, Yang TC, Liu LL, Lin LR. Recombinant Treponema pallidum protein Tp47 promoted the phagocytosis of macrophages by activating NLRP3 inflammasome induced by PKM2-dependent glycolysis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2023; 37:2067-2079. [PMID: 37247195 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.19231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glycolysis is a critical pathway in cellular glucose metabolism that provides energy and participates in immune responses. However, whether glycolysis is involved in NOD-like receptor family protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation and phagocytosis of macrophages in response to Treponema pallidum infection remains unclear. OBJECTIVES To investigate the role of glycolysis in activating the NLRP3 inflammasome for regulating phagocytosis in macrophages in response to T. pallidum protein Tp47 and its associated mechanisms. METHODS Interactions between activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and phagocytosis and the role of glycolysis in Tp47-treated macrophages were investigated through experiments on peritoneal macrophages and human monocytic cell line-derived macrophages. RESULTS Activation of phagocytosis and NLRP3 inflammasome were observed in Tp47-treated macrophages. Treatment with NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950 or si-NLRP3 attenuated Tp47-induced phagocytosis. Glycolysis and glycolytic capacity were enhanced by Tp47 stimulation in macrophages, and a change in the levels of glycolytic metabolites (phosphoenolpyruvate, citrate and lactate) was induced by Tp47 in macrophages. Inhibition of glycolysis with 2-deoxy-D-glucose, a glycolysis inhibitor, decreased the activation of NLRP3. Expression of M2 isoform of pyruvate kinase (PKM2), an enzyme catalysing a rate-limiting reaction in the glycolytic pathway, was upregulated in Tp47-stimulated macrophages. Inhibition of PKM2 with shikonin or si-PKM2 decreased glycolysis and NLRP3 activation. CONCLUSION Tp47 promotes phagocytosis in macrophages by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome, which is induced by the enhancement of PKM2-dependent glycolysis.
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Deng M, Liu R, Deng LJ, Chen R, Cai ME, Lin GZ, Qiu JW, Song YZ. [Analysis of the serum bile acid profile to facilitate diagnosis and differential diagnosis of NA(+)-taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide deficiency]. ZHONGHUA GAN ZANG BING ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA GANZANGBING ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY 2023; 31:928-935. [PMID: 37872088 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20230717-00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Objective: This study focuses on Na(+)-taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP) deficiency to analyze and investigate the value of the serum bile acid profile for facilitating the diagnosis and differential diagnosis. Methods: Clinical data of 66 patients with cholestatic liver diseases (CLDs) diagnosed and treated in the Department of Pediatrics of the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University from early April 2015 to the end of December 2021 were collected, including 32 cases of NTCP deficiency (16 adults and 16 children), 16 cases of neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency (NICCD), 8 cases of Alagille syndrome, and 10 cases of biliary atresia. At the same time, adult and pediatric healthy control groups (15 cases each) were established. The serum bile acid components of the study subjects were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The data were plotted and compared using statistical SPSS 19.0 and GraphPad Prism 5.0 software. The clinical and bile acid profiles of children with NTCP deficiency and corresponding healthy controls, as well as differences between NTCP deficiency and other CLDs, were compared using statistical methods such as t-tests, Wilcoxon rank sum tests, and Kruskal-Wallis H tests. Results: Compared with the healthy control, the levels of total conjugated bile acids, total primary bile acids, total secondary bile acids, glycocholic acid, taurocholic acid, and glycochenodeoxycholic acid were increased in NTCP deficiency patients (P < 0.05). Compared with adults with NTCP deficiency, the levels of total conjugated bile acids and total primary bile acids were significantly increased in children with NTCP deficiency (P < 0.05). The serum levels of taurochenodeoxycholic acid, glycolithocholate, taurohyocholate, and tauro-α-muricholic acid were significantly increased in children with NTCP deficiency, but the bile acid levels such as glycodeoxycholic acid, glycolithocholate, and lithocholic acid were decreased (P < 0.05). The serum levels of secondary bile acids such as lithocholic acid, deoxycholic acid, and hyodeoxycholic acid were significantly higher in children with NTCP deficiency than those in other CLD groups such as NICCD, Alagille syndrome, and biliary atresia (P < 0.05). Total primary bile acids/total secondary bile acids, total conjugated bile acids/total unconjugated bile acids, taurocholic acid, serum taurodeoxycholic acid, and glycodeoxycholic acid effectively distinguished children with NTCP deficiency from other non-NTCP deficiency CLDs. Conclusion: This study confirms that serum bile acid profile analysis has an important reference value for facilitating the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of NTCP deficiency. Furthermore, it deepens the scientific understanding of the changing characteristics of serum bile acid profiles in patients with CLDs such as NTCP deficiency, provides a metabolomic basis for in-depth understanding of its pathogenesis, and provides clues and ideas for subsequent in-depth research.
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Albakry MF, Alkhatib I, Alonso D, Amaral DWP, Aralis T, Aramaki T, Arnquist IJ, Ataee Langroudy I, Azadbakht E, Banik S, Bathurst C, Bhattacharyya R, Brink PL, Bunker R, Cabrera B, Calkins R, Cameron RA, Cartaro C, Cerdeño DG, Chang YY, Chaudhuri M, Chen R, Chott N, Cooley J, Coombes H, Corbett J, Cushman P, Das S, De Brienne F, Rios M, Dharani S, di Vacri ML, Diamond MD, Elwan M, Fascione E, Figueroa-Feliciano E, Fink CW, Fouts K, Fritts M, Gerbier G, Germond R, Ghaith M, Golwala SR, Hall J, Harms SAS, Hassan N, Hines BA, Hong Z, Hoppe EW, Hsu L, Huber ME, Iyer V, Kashyap VKS, Kelsey MH, Kubik A, Kurinsky NA, Lee M, Litke M, Liu J, Liu Y, Loer B, Lopez Asamar E, Lukens P, MacFarlane DB, Mahapatra R, Mast N, Mayer AJ, Meyer Zu Theenhausen H, Michaud É, Michielin E, Mirabolfathi N, Mohanty B, Nebolsky B, Nelson J, Neog H, Novati V, Orrell JL, Osborne MD, Oser SM, Page WA, Pandey L, Pandey S, Partridge R, Pedreros DS, Perna L, Podviianiuk R, Ponce F, Poudel S, Pradeep A, Pyle M, Rau W, Reid E, Ren R, Reynolds T, Tanner E, Roberts A, Robinson AE, Saab T, Sadek D, Sadoulet B, Sahoo SP, Saikia I, Sander J, Sattari A, Schmidt B, Schnee RW, Scorza S, Serfass B, Poudel SS, Sincavage DJ, Sinervo P, Speaks Z, Street J, Sun H, Terry GD, Thasrawala FK, Toback D, Underwood R, Verma S, Villano AN, von Krosigk B, Watkins SL, Wen O, Williams Z, Wilson MJ, Winchell J, Wykoff K, Yellin S, Young BA, Yu TC, Zatschler B, Zatschler S, Zaytsev A, Zeolla A, Zhang E, Zheng L, Zheng Y, Zuniga A, An P, Barbeau PS, Hedges SC, Li L, Runge J. First Measurement of the Nuclear-Recoil Ionization Yield in Silicon at 100 eV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:091801. [PMID: 37721818 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.091801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
We measured the nuclear-recoil ionization yield in silicon with a cryogenic phonon-sensitive gram-scale detector. Neutrons from a monoenergetic beam scatter off of the silicon nuclei at angles corresponding to energy depositions from 4 keV down to 100 eV, the lowest energy probed so far. The results show no sign of an ionization production threshold above 100 eV. These results call for further investigation of the ionization yield theory and a comprehensive determination of the detector response function at energies below the keV scale.
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Fan ZY, Chen R, Wei WW. [Application of novel non-endoscopic device in the screening and early diagnosis of esophageal cancer]. ZHONGHUA ZHONG LIU ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY] 2023; 45:637-641. [PMID: 37580267 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20220516-00337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is a dreadful disease with a poor prognosis and poses heavy health burden worldwide. Developing effective methods to identify high-risk individuals is urgently needed for preliminary screening before endoscopy. The novel non-endoscopic device has the potential advantages of low cost, simple operation, and minimal invasiveness. Approximately 90% of participants can swallow the device successfully with high safety profiles, and sufficient esophageal exfoliated cells can be collected for cytological examination and biomarker detection. Cytological examination based on the device combined with trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) protein or DNA methylation examinations could effectively screen Barrett's esophagus-associated dysplasia and early esophageal adenocarcinoma, but large prospective studies are needed to further validate the diagnostic value of this device to improve the quality of evidence. Although the device-based cytological examination in combination with biomarker detection holds promise in the early screening of esophageal squamous dysplasia and early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, related research is still in its infancy, and there is still a lack of sufficient evidence for population screening in China. Active research into the application of this novel non-endoscopic device in EC screening and early diagnosis is of great significance for optimizing EC screening strategies and improving the early diagnosis of EC.
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Cheng CH, Su T, Wang J, Zhu QL, Wu HH, Wang ZJ, Han F, Chen R. [Alertness and task processing speed impairment status and influencing factors of young-middle aged men with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2023; 103:1685-1691. [PMID: 37302859 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20220909-01910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the alertness and task processing speed impairment status in young-mild aged men with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS), and analyze its influencing factors. Methods: This prospective study recruited 251 snoring patients aged 18 to 59 (38.9±7.6) years in the Sleep Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from July 2020 to September 2021 and all patients were diagnosed by polysomnography (PSG). Clinical information, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and PSG date were collected. All patients were assessed with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) questionnaires, Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) and Computerized Neurocognitive Assessment System which includes the reaction time of Motor Screening Task (MOT) for alertness, the reaction time of pattern recognition memory (PRM), spatial span (SSP) and spatial working memory (SWM) for task processing speed. Based on AHI tertiles, all patients were divided into Q1 group (AHI<15 times/h, n=79), Q2 group (15 times/h≤AHI<45 times/h, n=88), and Q3 group (AHI≥45 times/h, n=84). The characteristics of clinical information, ESS, PSG parameters and cognitive scores among three groups were compared. Multiple linear stepwise regression was conducted to analyze the influencing factors of cognitive impairment. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in age, years of education, history of smoking and drinking, and past disease history (except for the prevalence of hypertension) among the 3 groups (P>0.05). There were statistically significant among-group differences in the body mass index (BMI), ESS, prevalence of hypertension and complaints of daytime sleepiness (P<0.05). Compared with Q1 and Q2 group, the arousal index (ArI), oxygen desaturation index (ODI),the proportion of non-rapid eye movement phase 1 and 2 (N1+N2) and percentage of total sleep time with oxygen saturation level<90% (TS90) of Q3 group were higher (all P<0.05). In the cognitive assessment, there was no statistically significant difference in the MoCA total and individual scores and MMSE scores among the three groups (P>0.05). Compared with the Q1 group, the task processing speed and alertness were worse in Q3 group, as shown by slower PRM immediate and delayed reaction time, SSP reaction time and MOT reaction time (all P<0.05). The total time of SWM in Q2 group was slower than that in Q1 group (P<0.05). Multiple linear stepwise regression showed that years of education (β=-40.182, 95%CI:-69.847--10.517), ODI (β=3.539, 95%CI: 0.600-6.478) were the risk factors of PRM immediate reaction time. Age(β=13.303,95%CI: 2.487-24.119), years of education(β=-32.329, 95%CI:-63.162--1.497), ODI (β=4.515, 95%CI: 1.623-7.407) were the risk factors of PRM delayed reaction time. ODI was the risk factor of SSP reaction time (β=1.258, 95%CI: 0.379-2.137). TS90 was the risk factor of MOT reaction time (β=1.796, 95%CI: 0.664-2.928). Conclusions: The early cognitive impairment in young-mild aged OSAHS patients was manifested in decreased alertness and task processing speed, and intermittent nocturnal hypoxia was its influencing factor in addition to age and years of education.
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Chen R, Wu W, Qiu Y. [Circular RNA hsa_circ_0087893 participates in intraventricular hemorrhage occurrence and progression possibly as a competitive endogenous RNA in preterm infants]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2023; 43:749-754. [PMID: 37313816 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2023.05.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To screen for differentially expressed circular RNAs (circRNAs) in the serum of preterm infants with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and explore the competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) mechanism of circRNAs in IVH in these infants. METHODS Fifty preterm infants (gestational age of 28 to 34 weeks) admitted in our department between January, 2019 and January, 2020 were enrolled in this study, including 25 with a MRI diagnosis of IVH and 25 without IVH. Serum samples were collected from 3 randomly selected infants from each group for profiling differentially expressed circRNAs using circRNA array technique. Gene ontology (GO) and pathway analyses were performed to reveal the function of the identified circRNAs. The circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network was constructed to identify the co-expression network of hsa_circ_ 0087893. RESULTS A total of 121 differentially expressed circRNAs were identified in the infants with IVH, including 62 up-regulated and 59 down-regulated circRNAs. GO and pathway analyses showed that these circRNAs were involved in multiple biological processes and pathways, including cell proliferation, activation and death, DNA damage and repair, retinol metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, cell adhesion molecules. Among these circRNAs, hsa_circ_0087893 was found to have significant down-regulation in IVH group and co-express with 41 miRNAs and 15 mRNAs (such as miR-214-3p, miR-761, miR-183-5p, AKR1B1, KRT34, PPP2CB, and HPRT1). CONCLUSION The circRNA hsa_circ_0087893 may function as a ceRNA and play an important role in the occurrence and progression of IVH in preterm infants.
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Zhu QL, Han F, Wang J, Cheng CH, Cai SJ, Wang QJ, Chen R. [Effect of sleep spindle density on memory function in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome]. ZHONGHUA JIE HE HE HU XI ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA JIEHE HE HUXI ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND RESPIRATORY DISEASES 2023; 46:466-473. [PMID: 37147808 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20220924-00779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the characteristics of sleep spindle density in nonrapid eye movement (NREM) stage 2 (N2) sleep and its effect on memory function in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Methods: Patients who underwent polysomnography (PSG) examination due to snoring in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January to December 2021 were prospectively collected. A total of 119 male patients, aged 23-60 (37.4±7.3) years, were enrolled finally. According to the apnea hyponea index (AHI), the subjects were divided into a control group (AHI<15 times/h) of 59 cases and an OSAHS group (AHI≥15 times/h) of 60 cases. The basic information, general clinical data and PSG parameters were collected. Memory function scores were evaluated by using logical memory test (LMT), digit ordering test (DOT) and pattern recognition memory (PRM), spatial recognition memory (SRM) and spatial working memory (SWM) in CANTAB test. The number of N2 sleep spindles in leads left central area (C3) and right central area (C4) was counted by hand and the sleep spindle density (SSD) was calculated. The differences in the above indexes and N2 SSD were compared between the two groups. Shapiro-Wilk method, chi-squared test, Spearman correlation analysis and stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to investigate the influencing factors of memory scores in patients with OSAHS. Results: Compared with the control group, the proportion of the slow-wave sleep, the minimum blood oxygen saturation, the SSD in C3 of NREM2 stage and the SSD in C4 of NREM2 stage were lower in the OSAHS group. The body mass index (BMI), proportion of N2 sleep, oxygen reduction index, percentage of time with oxyhemoglobin saturation below 90% (TS90), maximum duration of apnea and respiratory effort-related arousal(RERA) were higher in the OSAHS group (all P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the immediate LMT score was lower, while the time for immediately completing PRM test, the total time for immediately completing SRM test and the time for delayed completing PRM test were longer in the OSAHS group, suggesting that the immediate logical memory, immediate visual memory, spatial recognition memory and delayed visual memory were worse in the OSAHS group. Stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the number of years of education (OR=0.744, 95%CI 0.565-0.979, P=0.035), maximum duration of apnea (OR=0.946, 95%CI 0.898-0.997, P=0.038) and N2-C3 SSD (OR=0.328, 95%CI 0.207-0.618, P=0.012) and N2-C4 SSD (OR=0.339, 95%CI 0.218-0.527, P=0.017) were independent factors affecting the immediate visual memory. The AHI (OR=1.449, 95%CI 1.057-1.985, P=0.021), N2-C3 SSD (OR=0.377, 95%CI 0.246-0.549, P=0.009), and N2-C4 SSD (OR=0.400, 95%CI 0.267-0.600, P=0.010) were independent factors affecting delayed visual memory. Conclusions: The decrease in SSD is associated with impaired memory function in patients with moderate-severe OSAHS, which is manifested as impairment of immediate visual memory and delayed visual memory. This suggests that changes of sleep spindle wave in N2 may be an electroencephalographic biomarker for assessing cognitive impairment in OSAHS patients.
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Chen R, Fu JH. [Neoadjuvant therapy in locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma]. ZHONGHUA WEI CHANG WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL SURGERY 2023; 26:312-318. [PMID: 37072306 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20221214-00526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy of surgery alone for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is limited. In-depth studies concerning combined therapy for ESCC have been carried out worldwide, especially the neoadjuvant treatment model, including neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT), neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT), neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy (nICT), neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy combined with immunotherapy (nICRT), etc. With the advent of the immunity era, nICT and nICRT have attracted much attention from researchers. An attempt was thus made to take an overview of the evidence-based research advance regarding the neoadjuvant therapy of ESCC.
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Li YL, Ulbikas JD, Hamad S, Chen R, Maw J, Nasr P, Rogers M, Wright AJ. Comparison of static and dynamic in vitro digestibility and bioaccessibility of palm-based emulsions and correlation to a human study: effects of triacylglycerol crystallinity. Food Funct 2023; 14:4302-4313. [PMID: 37074062 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03782c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
The static and dynamic TIM-1 in vitro digestibility of similarly sized Span 60 o/w emulsions containing either liquid palm olein droplets (PO) or palm stearin (PS) droplets tempered to contain different levels of crystallinity (i.e., PS-SE (maximum), PS-SE-INT (intermediate), and PS-LE (undercooled)) were explored. Static in vitro digestion experiments included particle size analysis, and emulsion digestibility and bioaccessibility were compared between the static and dynamic models, respectively. β-carotene (BC, 0.1 wt%) was also incorporated in the emulsions to determine the influence of triacylglycerol (TAG) crystallinity on BC bioaccessibility and stability during storage under accelerated lighting conditions. TAG crystallinity altered the colloidal fat crystal network properties and ultimately impacted lipid digestion, attenuating early static in vitro lipolysis for the PS emulsions compared to the PO emulsion. This correlated well with TIM-1 bioaccessibility trends and with results from our results of a previous human study wherein the rise in postprandial TAG was delayed when healthy men consumed PS-SE versus PS-LE. The presence of crystalline TAG modestly accelerated BC degradation, and did not improve preservation nor alter BC in vitro bioaccessibility.
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Ruaengsri C, Shudo Y, Malki A, Neto D, Chen R, Bethencourt D, Hiesinger W, MacArthur J, Currie M, Boyd J, Guenthart B, Lee A, Woo J. Successful Heart Transplantation Using a Portable Normothermic Ex-Vivo Donor Heart Preservation System for Extended Criteria Donor after Circulatory Death: A Case Series with Extended Perfusion Times. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Zhao X, Yang J, Chen R, Qiu C, Li Q, Qiu T, Fu Z, Wang Z, Wu Y, Huang Y, Yang R, Liu W. P150 Psychological distress during hospitalization for breast cancer patients in the outbreak, post-peak, and normalization stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. Breast 2023. [PMCID: PMC10013701 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9776(23)00267-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
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Zheng RS, Zhang SW, Sun KX, Chen R, Wang SM, Li L, Zeng HM, Wei WW, He J. [Cancer statistics in China, 2016]. ZHONGHUA ZHONG LIU ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY] 2023; 45:212-220. [PMID: 36944542 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20220922-00647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Data for 2016 from cancer registries were used to estimate cancer incidence and mortality in China in 2016. Methods: According to the quality control process of the National Central Cancer Registry, the data from 683 cancer registries submitted by each province were evaluated, and the data of 487 cancer registries were qualified and included in the final analysis. Age-specific incidence and mortality rates were calculated by area (urban/rural), sex, age and cancer site, combined with national population data to estimate cancer incidence and mortality in China in 2016. Chinese population census in 2000 and Segi's population were used for age-standardized incidence and mortality rates. Results: Total population covered by 487 cancer registries was 381 565 422 (192 628 370 in urban and 188 937 052 in rural areas). The percentages of morphologically verified (MV%) and death certificate-only cases (DCO%) accounted for 68.31% and 1.40%, respectively, and the mortality to incidence ratio was 0.61. It was estimated about 4 064 000 new cases occurred in China in 2016, with the crude incidence rate being 293.91/100 000 (the rates of males and females were 315.52/100 000 and 271.23/100 000), age-standardized incidence rates by Chinese standard population (ASIRC) and by world standard population (ASIRW) were 190.76/100 000 and 186.46/100 000, with the cumulative incidence rate (0-74 years old) being 21.42%. The crude incidence and ASIRC were 314.74/100 000 and 196.38/100 000 in urban areas, whereas in rural areas, they were 265.90/100 000 and 182.21/100 000, respectively. It was estimated about 2 413 500 cancer deaths occurred in China in 2016, the crude mortality rate was 174.55/100 000 (216.16/100 000 in males and 130.88/100 000 in females), the age-standardized mortality rates by Chinese standard population (ASMRC) and by world standard population (ASMRW) were 106.00/100 000 and 105.19/100 000, and the cumulative mortality rate (0-74 years old) was 11.85%. The crude mortality and ASMRC were 180.31/100 000 and 104.44/100 000 in urban areas, whereas in rural areas, they were 166.81/100 000 and 108.01/100 000, respectively. The most common cancer cases include lung, colorectal, stomach, liver and female breast cancers. The top five cancers accounted for about 57.27% of all cancer cases. The most common cancer deaths included lung, liver, stomach, colorectal and esophageal cancers. The top five cancers accounted for about 69.25% of all cancer deaths. Conclusions: The burden of cancer shows a continuous increasing trend in China. Regional and gender differences in cancer burden are obvious. The cancer patterns still show the coexistence of cancer patterns in developed countries and developing countries. The situation of cancer prevention and control is still serious in China.
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Zhu JY, Zhang X, Huang CH, Wang L, Chen R, Ding XL. [Evaluation of thermal environment and human thermal comfort in 8 types of public places from 2019 to 2021]. ZHONGHUA LAO DONG WEI SHENG ZHI YE BING ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LAODONG WEISHENG ZHIYEBING ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE AND OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES 2023; 41:189-197. [PMID: 37006144 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20220428-00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the thermal environment of different types of public places and the thermal comfort of employees, so as to provide scientific basis for the establishment of microclimate standards and health supervision requirements. Methods: From June 2019 to December 2021, 50 public places (178 times) of 8 categories in Wuxi were selected, including hotels, swimming pools (gymnasiums), bathing places, shopping malls (supermarkets), barber shops, beauty shops, waiting rooms (bus station) and gyms. In summer and winter, microclimate indicators such as temperature and wind speed were measured in all kinds of places, combined with the work attire and physical activity of employees in the places. Fanger thermal comfort equation and center for the built environment (CBE) thermal comfort calculation tool were used to evaluate the predicted mean vote (PMV), predicted percent dissatisfied (PPD) and standard effective temperature (SET) according to the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) 55-2020. The modification effects of seasonal and temperature control conditions on thermal comfort were analyzed. The consistency of GB 37488-2019 "Hygienic Indicators and Limits in Public Places" and ASHRAE 55-2020 evaluation results on thermal environment was compared. Results: The thermal sensation of hotel, barber shop staff and the gym front-desk staff were moderate, while the thermal sensation of swimming place lifeguard, bathing place cleaning staff and gym trainer were slightly warm in summer and winter. Waiting room (bus station) cleaning and working staff, shopping mall staff felt slightly warm in summer and moderate in winter. Service staff in bathing places felt slightly warm in winter, while staff in beauty salons felt slightly cool in winter. The thermal comfort compliance of hotel cleaning staff and shopping mall staff in summer was lower than that in winter (χ(2)=7.01, 7.22, P=0.008, 0.007). The thermal comfort compliance of shopping mall staff in the condition of air conditioning off was higher than that in the condition of air conditioning on (χ(2)=7.01, P=0.008). The SET values of front-desk staff in hotels with different health supervision levels were significantly different (F=3.30, P=0.024). The PPD value and SET value of the front-desk staff, and the PPD value of cleaning staff of hotels above three stars were lower than those of hotels below three stars (P<0.05). The thermal comfort compliance of front-desk staff and cleaning staff in hotels above three stars was higher than that in hotels below three stars (χ(2)=8.33, 8.09, P=0.016, 0.018). The consistency of the two criteria was highest among waiting room (bus station) staff (100.0%, 1/1) and lowest among gym front-desk staff (0%, 0/2) and waiting room (bus station) cleaning staff (0%, 0/1) . Conclusion: There are different degrees of thermal discomfort in different seasons, under the condition of air conditioning and health supervision, and the microclimate indicators can not fully reflect the thermal comfort of human body. The health supervision of microclimate should be strengthened, the applicability of health standard limit value should be evaluated in many aspects, and the thermal comfort of occupational group should be improved.
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Chen R, Hu HJ, Qu Z, Song YR, Lei QK, Liu CB, Tang YS, Wang CL, He ZZ, Ouyang ZW, Zhang K, Qiu Y, Dong C, Wang JF. High-field magnetization and electronic spin resonance study in the twisted honeycomb lattice α-Mn 2V 2O 7. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2023; 35:205801. [PMID: 36881910 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/acc225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We report the single-crystal growth of Mn2V2O7and the results of magnetic susceptibility, high-field magnetization up to 55 T and high-frequency electric spin resonance (ESR) measurements for its low-temperatureαphase. Two antiferromagnetic (AFM) ordering at 17.5 K and 3 K and obvious magnetic anisotropy are observed inα-Mn2V2O7upon cooling. In pulsed high magnetic fields, the compound reaches the saturation magnetic moment of ∼10.5μBfor each molecular formula at around 45 T after two undergoing AFM phase transitions atHc1≈ 16 T,Hc2≈ 34.5 T forH//[11-0] andHsf1= 2.5 T,Hsf2= 7 T forH//[001]. In these two directions, two and seven resonance modes are detected by ESR spectroscopy, respectively. Theω1andω2modes ofH//[11-0] can be well described by two-sublattice AFM resonance mode with two zero-field gaps at 94.51 GHz and 169.28 GHz, indicating a hard-axis feature. The seven modes forH//[001] are partially separated by the critical fields ofHsf1andHsf2, displaying the two signs of spin-flop transition. The fittings ofωc1andωc2modes yield zero-field gaps at 69.50 GHz and 84.73 GHz forH//[001], confirming the axis-type anisotropy. The saturated moment and gyromagnetic ratio indicate the Mn2+ion inα-Mn2V2O7is in a high spin state with orbital moment completely quenched. A quasi-one-dimensional magnetism with a zig-zag-chain spin configuration is suggested inα-Mn2V2O7, due to the special neighbor interactions caused by a distorted network structure with honeycomb layer.
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Wang WC, Yeh YW, Chen R. A polynomial-time hybrid solver for multi-agent motion navigation against deadlocks. JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT & FUZZY SYSTEMS 2023. [DOI: 10.3233/jifs-223157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
In the cooperative multi-agent pathfinding and motion planning, given a unique start position and a unique goal position for each agent, all agents are able to pursue their own goals without colliding with each other. To aim at realizing the collision-free motion of the agents within the tractable time, this work proposes a polynomial-time solver, called the HBD-AOI, hybridizing centralized and decentralized schemes. Firstly, an algorithm of centralized pathfinding is utilized to plan the optimal paths of all agents. Afterwards, each of the agents updates the local motion pattern to tracks its own planned waypoints with the obstacle avoidance in a decentralized manner. Furthermore, to resolve unavoidable egoistic conflicts occurring in the decentralized scheme, a centralized intervener with the route replanning is invoked to coach the involved agents to abort the existing deadlocks. Bounded by an amount of time, the performances of the proposed and benchmarked algorithms are simulated on the same instance, from the evaluated testbeds that consists of various maps and scenarios. In the simulations, it is proved that this work outperforms other benchmarked algorithms for all presented instances in the term of the success rate. The experimental results are also demonstrated to verify the feasibility of the proposed methodology.
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Liu H, Chen R, Li H, Lin J, Wang Y, Han M, Wang T, Wang H, Chen Q, Chen F, Chu P, Liang C, Ren C, Zhang Y, Yang F, Sheng Y, Wei J, Wu X, Yu G. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of SlRR genes in response to abiotic stress in tomato. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2023; 25:322-333. [PMID: 36457231 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The cytokinin two-component signal transduction system (TCS) is involved in many biological processes, including hormone signal transduction and plant growth regulation. Although cytokinin TCS has been well characterized in Arabidopsis thaliana, its role in tomato remains elusive. In this study, we characterized the diversity and function of response regulator (RR) genes, a critical component of TCS, in tomato. In total, we identified 31 RR genes in the tomato genome. These SlRR genes were classified into three subgroups (type-A, type-B and type-C). Various stress-responsive cis-elements were present in the tomato RR gene promoters. Their expression responses under pesticide treatment were evaluated by transcriptome analysis. Their expression under heat, cold, ABA, salinity and NaHCO3 treatments was further investigated by qRT-PCR and complemented with the available transcription data under these treatments. Specifically, SlRR13 expression was significantly upregulated under salinity, drought, cold and pesticide stress and was downregulated under ABA treatment. SlRR23 expression was induced under salt treatment, while the transcription level of SlRR1 was increased under cold and decreased under salt stress. We also found that GATA transcription factors played a significant role in the regulation of SlRR genes. Based on our results, tomato SlRR genes are involved in responses to abiotic stress in tomato and could be implemented in molecular breeding approaches to increase resistance of tomato to environmental stresses.
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Balasubramanian M, Ghanbarzadegan A, Sohn W, Killedar A, Sivaprakash P, Holden A, Norris S, Wilson A, Pogson B, Liston G, Chor L, Yaacoub A, Masoe A, Clarke K, Chen R, Milat A, Schneider C CH. Primary school mobile dental program in New South Wales, Australia: protocol for the evaluation of a state government oral health initiative. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:363. [PMID: 36803579 PMCID: PMC9940088 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15241-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Socioeconomically disadvantaged children are disproportionately affected by oral disease. Mobile dental services help underserved communities overcome barriers to accessing health care, including time, geography, and trust. The NSW Health Primary School Mobile Dental Program (PSMDP) is designed to provide diagnostic and preventive dental services to children at their schools. The PSMDP is mainly targeted toward high-risk children and priority populations. This study aims to evaluate the program's performance across five local health districts (LHDs) where the program is being implemented. METHODS The evaluation will use routinely collected administrative data, along with other program-specific data sources, from the district public oral health services to conduct a statistical analysis that determines the reach and uptake of the program, its effectiveness, and the associated costs and cost-consequences. The PSMDP evaluation program utilises data from Electronic Dental Records (EDRs) and other data sources, including patient demographics, service mix, general health, oral health clinical data and risk factor information. The overall design includes cross-sectional and longitudinal components. The design combines comprehensive output monitoring across the five participating LHDs and investigates the associations between socio-demographic factors, service patterns and health outcomes. Time series analysis using difference-in-difference estimation will be conducted across the four years of the program, involving services, risk factors, and health outcomes. Comparison groups will be identified via propensity matching across the five participating LHDs. An economic analysis will estimate the costs and cost-consequences for children who participate in the program versus the comparison group. DISCUSSION The use of EDRs for oral health services evaluation research is a relatively new approach, and the evaluation works within the limitations and strengths of utilising administrative datasets. The study will also provide avenues to improve the quality of data collected and system-level improvements to better enable future services to be aligned with disease prevalence and population needs.
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Guo B, Dai Z, Chen R, Liu J, Shi Z. Enhancing gosling growth and secretion of somatotrophic and thyrotrophic axis hormones through egg turning during incubation. Br Poult Sci 2023; 64:122-128. [PMID: 36083128 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2022.2121641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
1. Growth performance of Yangzhou geese hatched from eggs with turning angles of 50° or 70° was evaluated in association with serum hormones and somatotrophic gene mRNA expression.2. Egg turning at 70° significantly (P< 0.05) increased hatchability, gosling quality and hatching weight. Gosling post-hatch body weight, leg and breast muscle weight in the 70° turning group was significantly heavier until 50 d of age.3. Serum concentrations of GH were significantly higher until 30 d of age in the 70° turning group goslings, and those of IGF-I and T3 were higher from hatching to 50 d of age.4. The mRNA expression of GHRH, pituitary GH, liver and leg muscle IGF-I were all significantly higher at 1 and 30 d of age after hatch, but not at 70 d after hatch, in the 70° turning group.5. Egg turning at 70° during incubation improves embryo and gosling quality and growth performance through up-regulation of gene expression and secretion of somatotrophic axis hormones, GHRH, GH and IGF-I, as well as T3.
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Chen R, Luo Y, Yang J, An YF, Zhao X. [Interpretation of the classification of human inborn error of immunity (2022 edition)]. ZHONGHUA ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2022; 60:1262-1265. [PMID: 36444427 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20220904-00777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
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Yang B, Aregawi W, Chen R, Zhang L, Wang Y, Fok A. Accelerated Fatigue Model for Predicting Composite Restoration Failure. J Dent Res 2022; 101:1606-1612. [PMID: 36199249 PMCID: PMC9703530 DOI: 10.1177/00220345221126928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An empirical method is proposed to predict the clinical performance of resin composite dental restorations by using laboratory data derived from simple specimens subjected to chemical degradation and accelerated cyclic fatigue. Three resin composites were used to fill dentin disks (2-mm inner diameter, 5-mm outer diameter, and 2 mm thick) made from bovine incisor roots. The specimens (n = 30 per group) were aged with different durations of a low-pH challenge (0, 24, and 48 h under pH 4.5) before being subjected to diametral compression with either a monotonically increasing load (fast fracture) or a cyclic load with a continuously increasing amplitude (accelerated fatigue). The data from 1 material were used to establish the relationship between laboratory time (number of cycles) and clinical time to failure (years) via the respective survival probability curves. The temporal relationship was then used to predict the clinical rates of failure for restorations made of the other 2 materials, and the predictions were compared with the clinical data to assess their accuracy. Although there were significant differences in the fast fracture strength among the groups of materials or durations of chemical challenge, fatigue testing was much better at separating the groups. Linear relationships were found between the laboratory and clinical times to failure for the first material (R2 = 0.90, 0.90, and 0.62 for the 0-, 24-, and 48-h low-pH groups, respectively). The clinical life of restorations made of the other 2 materials was best predicted with data from the 48-h low-pH groups. In conclusion, an accelerated fatigue model was successfully calibrated and applied to predict the clinical failure of resin composite restorations, and the predictions based on data obtained from chemically aged specimens provided the best agreement with clinical data.
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Xie W, Su F, Wang G, Peng Z, Xu Y, Zhang Y, Xu N, Hou K, Hu Z, Chen Y, Chen R. Glucose-lowering effect of berberine on type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1015045. [PMID: 36467075 PMCID: PMC9709280 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1015045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Insulin secretory agents are commonly used to treat type 2 diabetes. However, traditional insulin secretory agents such as sulfonylureas and glinides have side effects of hypoglycemia. In recent years, researchers have discovered that berberine can inhibit the voltage-gated k+ channels of pancreatic β cell membrane and promote insulin secretion without causing hypoglycemia, because the glucose-lowering effects of berberine are only under hyperglycemic conditions or in a high-glucose-dependent manner. In order to shed light on the glucose-lowing effects of berberine in type 2 diabetes with different baseline fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), we conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Methods: We searched eight databases, which included PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and the Chinese databases such as Sino-Med, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database, and VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals, for randomized controlled trials, with berberine as the intervention and patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus as subjects, published up until November 2021. We analyzed the glucose-lowing effects of berberine, including its effects on FPG, HbA1c and 2-h plasma blood glucose (2hPBG), by calculating weighted mean differences (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). To assess the safety of berberine, we analyzed the incidence of total adverse events and hypoglycemia by calculating relative risk (RR) and 95% CI. Results: Thirty-seven studies involving 3,048 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that berberine could reduce FPG (WMD = -0.82 mmol/L, 95% CI (-0.95, -0.70)), HbA1c (WMD = -0.63%, 95% CI (-0.72, -0.53)), and 2hPBG (WMD = -1.16 mmol/L, 95% CI (-1.36, -0.96)), with all results being statistically significant. Subgroup analyses revealed that the glucose-lowering effect of berberine was associated with baseline mean FPG and HbA1c in type 2 diabetes. In addition, berberine alone or in combination with oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs) in the treatment of T2DM did not significantly increase the incidence of total adverse events (RR = 0.73, 95% CI (0.55, 0.97), p = 0.03) and the risk of hypoglycemia (RR = 0.48, 95% CI (0.21, 1.08), p = 0.08). Conclusion: Berberine has a glucose-lowering effect, which is related to the baseline FPG and HbA1c levels of patients. Treatment with berberine may be safe since it does not increase the incidence of total adverse events and the risk of hypoglycemia. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=292975, identifier CRD42021292975.
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Lawless J, Chen R, Pagonis V. A model explaining the anomalous fading effect in thermoluminescence (TL). RADIAT MEAS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2022.106881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Duan YN, Jiang WT, Zhang R, Chen R, Chen XS, Yin CM, Mao ZQ. Discovery of Fusarium proliferatum f. sp. malus domestica Causing Apple Replant Disease in China. PLANT DISEASE 2022; 106:2958-2966. [PMID: 35306841 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-12-21-2802-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Apple replant disease (ARD) is the most serious threat facing the apple industry globally. ARD is mainly manifested as decreased plant growth, serious root rot disease, and considerable yield loss. Microbial factors are the dominant factors leading to the occurrence of ARD. Research on soil-borne pathogenic fungi leading to the occurrence of ARD in China is limited. In the present study, we selected 16 replanting orchards from the Northwest Loess region and around the Bohai Gulf. Diseased roots and rhizosphere soil from healthy apple trees and trees showing ARD symptoms were sampled at random. High-throughput sequencing was used to study the fungal communities in the rhizosphere soil, which showed that the composition of the rhizosphere soil fungal community of ARD-symptomatic and healthy apple trees was different. Nectriaceae at the family level and Fusarium at the genus level dominated the rhizosphere soil fungal community in the two regions, while for healthy apple trees, the relative abundance of Mortierella, Minimedusa, Tetracladium, and Chaetomium was higher. Tissue separation and serial dilution were used to separate fungi, and a total of 89 genera and 219 species were obtained, most of which were Fusarium. Fusarium was further confirmed to be the most abundant pathogen species leading to the occurrence of ARD in China through pathogenicity assays. A pathogenicity assay was carried out by the dip-and-cut technique using different host plants. It was found that Fusarium MR5 showed strong aggressiveness to apple rootstocks. Diseased seedlings specifically exhibited chlorosis of the leaves, browning from the edge of the leaf, followed by rolling and yellowing of the leaves, resulting in wilting and eventually death. Strain MR5 was preliminarily identified as F. proliferatum according to the morphological and cultural characteristics. A maximum likelihood analysis of identities based on six gene sequence (ITS, TUB2, IGS, mtSSU, RPB2, and the TEF gene) alignments between the MR5 strain and other strains showed 99 to 100% homology with F. proliferatum. Based on our test results, strain MR5 was identified as F. proliferatum f. sp. malus domestica, which is of great significance for finding new measures to control ARD in China.
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Hsu S, Chen Y, Yang P, Hu Y, Chen R, Zeng Z, Du S. Radiotherapy Enhance the Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Efficacy in Advanced Liver Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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