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Xi Z, Qiu H, Guo T, Wang Y, Li J, Li Y, Zheng J, Gao R. Contemporary sex differences in mortality among patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e053379. [PMID: 35264344 PMCID: PMC8915368 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the effect of sex differences on short-term and long-term mortality among patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis of contemporary available evidence. SETTING PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library were searched for relevant studies reporting sex-specific outcomes among patients with STEMI published between 1 January 2010 and 1 August 2020. Risk ratios (RRs) and 95% CIs were measured using DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model. Sensitivity analyses were performed and publication bias was also checked. All statistical analyses were performed using STATA V.15.0. PARTICIPANTS Studies providing data about short-term or long-term mortality stratified by sex in patients with STEMI were included. Only study conducted in last 10 years were included. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was all-cause death at short-term (in-hospital or 30 days) and long-term (at least 12 months) follow-up. RESULTS A total of 15 studies involving 128 585 patients (31 706 (24.7%) female and 96 879 (75.3%) male) were included. In the unadjusted analyses, female were at a higher risk of short-term mortality (RR, 1.73; 95% CI 1.53 to 1.96, p<0.001, I2=77%) but not long-term mortality (RR, 1.23; 95% CI 0.89 to 1.69, p=0.206, I2=77.5%). When adjusted effect estimates from individual studies were used in meta-analysis, the association between female and higher risk of short-term mortality remained significant (RR, 1.24; 95% CI 1.11 to 1.38, p<0.001, I2=39.6%). And adjusted long-term mortality was also similar between female and male (RR, 1.11; 95% CI 0.42 to 1.80, p=0.670, I2=74.5%). CONCLUSIONS An increased short-term but not long-term mortality was found in female with STEMI. After adjustment for baseline cardiovascular risk factors and clinical profiles, short-term mortality remains higher in female with STEMI compared with male, indicating the need for further improvements in management in female patients.
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Cao L, Zhou MJ, Ding YM, Gao R, Chen XH. [Utility of GPR68 and TIL in TPF-induced chemotherapy and prognosis evaluation in middle-advanced hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma]. ZHONGHUA ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 2022; 57:178-184. [PMID: 35196761 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20211218-00806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the roles of G Protein-Coupled Receptor 68 (GPR68) and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) in TPF-(paclitaxel, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil) induced chemotherapy for middle-advanced hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas. Methods: A total of 31 patients with middle-advanced hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma before TPF-inducted chemotherapy were enrolled from September 2012 to November 2017 in Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, including 28 males and 3 females, aged 43 to 71 years old. The expression of GPR68 and tumor infiltrating CD4+and CD8+T cells before chemotherapy was detected by immunohistochemical staining, and the relationships between GPR68 expression and clinical features, chemotherapy efficacy and overall survival (OS) were analyzed using t-test. Results: After 3 cycles of chemotherapy, there were 4, 14, 10 and 3 patients respectively with complete response (CR), partial response (PR), stable disease (SD) and progressive disease (PD). The positive rates of GPR68 and CD8 were 25% and 40% respectively in the effective group (CR+PR), while 50% and 15% in the ineffective group (SD+PD), with statistically significant differences between two groups (t=5.17 and 12.86,P<0.001). Linear regression analysis showed that GPR68 was negatively correlated with CD8+T cells (r=-0.64,P<0.001). There was no significant correlation between the CD4 expression and TPF efficacy (P>0.05). The mean OS was 12.5 months in patients with high-expressed GPR68 and 25.0 months in patients with low-expressed GPR68, with a statistically significant difference (P=0.005). And mean OS was 25.0 months in patients with high-expressed CD8 and 14.5 months in low-expressed CD8, with a statistically significant difference (HR=2.58, P=0.019). Cox regression analysis showed that GPR68 and CD8+T cells were significant prognostic factors (OR(95%CI)=3.27(2.46-5.97) and 1.53(0.78-1.82), all P<0.05), while CD4 had no significant effect on prognosis (P>0.05). Conclusion: GPR68 and CD8+T cells are expected to be biomarkers for evaluating the efficacy and prognosis of TPF-induced chemotherapy in patients with middle-advanced hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
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Liu YQ, Gong K, Li XQ, Wen XY, An ZH, Cai C, Chang Z, Chen G, Chen C, Du YY, Gao M, Gao R, Guo DY, He JJ, Hou DJ, Li YG, Li CY, Li G, Li L, Li XF, Li MS, Liang XH, Liu XJ, Lu FJ, Lu H, Meng B, Peng WX, Shi F, Sun XL, Wang H, Wang JZ, Wang YS, Wang HZ, Wen X, Xiao S, Xiong SL, Xu YB, Xu YP, Yang S, Yang JW, Yi QB, Zhang F, Zhang DL, Zhang SN, Zhang CY, Zhang CM, Zhang F, Zhao XY, Zhao Y, Zhou X. The data acquisition algorithm designed for the SiPM-based detectors of GECAM satellite. RADIATION DETECTION TECHNOLOGY AND METHODS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s41605-021-00311-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Lv J, Yang Y, Jia B, Li S, Zhang X, Gao R. The Inhibitory Effect of Curcumin Derivative J147 on Melanogenesis and Melanosome Transport by Facilitating ERK-Mediated MITF Degradation. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:783730. [PMID: 34887767 PMCID: PMC8649847 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.783730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic use of curcumin and chemically modified curcumin (CMC) for suppressing melanogenesis and tyrosinase activity have been recognized. J147 is a modified version of curcumin with superior bioavailability and stability. However, there is no report about the effects of J147 on pigmentation in vitro and in vivo. In our studies, we investigated the hypopigmentary effects of J147 treatment on melanocytes and explored the underlying mechanism. The present studies suggested that J147 suppressed both basal and α-MSH-induced melanogenesis, as well as decreased melanocyte dendricity extension and melanosome transport. J147 played these roles mainly by activating the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) pathway. Once activated, it resulted in MITF degradation and further down-regulated the expression of tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2, Myosin Va, Rab27a and Cdc42, ultimately inhibited melanin synthesis and melanosome transport. Furthermore, the hypopigmentary effects of J147 were demonstrated in vivo in a zebrafish model and UVB-induced hyperpigmentation model in brown guinea pigs. Our findings also suggested that J147 exhibited no cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, these data confirmed that J147 may prove quite useful as a safer natural skin-whitening agent.
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Zhang Y, Deng Y, Feng J, Hu J, Chen H, Guo Z, Gao R, Su Y. ToxR modulates biofilm formation in fish pathogen Vibrio harveyi. Lett Appl Microbiol 2021; 74:288-299. [PMID: 34822732 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Vibrio harveyi is a common aquaculture pathogen causing diseases in a variety of aquatic animals. toxR, a conserved virulence-associated gene in vibrios, is identified in V. harveyi 345, a pathogenic strain isolated from diseased fish. In this study, to gain insight into function of ToxR in V. harveyi, an in-frame deletion of the toxR gene was constructed to reveal the role of ToxR in the physiology and virulence of V. harveyi. The statistical analysis showed no significant differences in the growth ability, motility, extracellular protease secretion, antibiotic susceptibility, virulence by intraperitoneal injection and the ability of V. harveyi to colonize the spleen and liver tissues of the pearl gentian grouper between the wild-type (WT) and the toxR mutant. However, the deletion of toxR increased the biofilm formation. The structure of the V. harveyi biofilm was further analysed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy, and the results showed that deletion of toxR increased the number and density of V. harveyi biofilm. Since biofilm production is flagella, exopolysaccharide (EPS) and lipopolysaccharide dependent, 16 of V. harveyi biofilm-related genes were selected for further analysis. Based on quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR, the expression levels of these genes, including genes flrB, motY and mshA, flaE, flrA and gmhD, were significantly up-regulated in the ΔtoxR+ strain as compared with the WT+ and C-ΔtoxR strains during the early and mid-exponential, while epsG, flaA, flaE, flgD, flgE, flrB, flrC, lpxB, motY, mshA and scrG genes were inhibited because of deletion of the toxR gene in the stationary growth phase. Our results indicate that ToxR plays an important role in controlling the biofilm in V. harveyi.
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Li XQ, Wen XY, An ZH, Cai C, Chang Z, Chen G, Chen C, Du YY, Gao M, Gao R, Gong K, Guo DY, He JJ, Hou DJ, Li YG, Li CY, Li G, Li L, Li XF, Li MS, Liang XH, Liu XJ, Liu YQ, Lu FJ, Lu H, Meng B, Peng WX, Shi F, Sun XL, Wang H, Wang JZ, Wang YS, Wang HZ, Wen X, Xiao S, Xiong SL, Xu YB, Xu YP, Yang S, Yang JW, Yi QB, Zhang DL, Zhang F, Zhang SN, Zhang CY, Zhang CM, Zhang F, Zhao XY, Zhao Y, Zhou X, Zhang CS, Yu JP, Chang L, Zhang KK, Huang J, Chen YM, Han XB. The technology for detection of gamma-ray burst with GECAM satellite. RADIATION DETECTION TECHNOLOGY AND METHODS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s41605-021-00288-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Zhao X, Li J, Li J, Li Y, Yang Y, Gao R, Xu B, Yuan J. D-dimer as a potential novel thrombus biomarker for predict stent thrombosis in patients on dual antiplatelet therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.1281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
At present, it is worth noting that there is a lack of biomarker for the residual risk of thrombosis in patients underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). D-dimer is an important thrombus marker and widely used in clinical practice.
Purpose
We aim to investigate the correlation between D-dimer and the risk of stent thrombosis (ST) after PCI.
Method
This is a prospective, observational study of 10,724 patients who underwent PCI. The primary endpoint was ST, which was defined according to the Academic Research Consortium including definite, probable, and possible.
Results
Finally, 8565 patients were included in this study after excluding 2159 people with missing D-dimer data or lost to follow-up. After 2-year follow-up, there were 77 ST occurred. D-dimer levels were significantly higher in the ST group (0.33 [0.28, 0.56] μg/ml) than in the non-ST group (0.28 [0.20, 0.41] μg/ml) (P=0.001). Kaplan–Meier survival curve analysis showed that patients with high D-dimer levels had higher cumulative ST according to the median D-dimer level (0.28 μg/ml) in the total population, acute coronary syndrome (ACS) subgroup, and stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) subgroup, respectively. (log-rank test, all P<0.001) (Figure 1). After multivariate-adjusted cox hazard analysis, high D-dimer levels (≥0.28 μg/ml) were significantly associated with ST in the total population (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.25, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.29–3.95, P=0.005) and ACS subgroup (HR: 2.13, 95% CI: 1.09–4.16, P=0.027); however, we did not find a statistically significant in the SCAD subgroup (HR: 2.56, 95% CI: 0.92–7.1, P=0.072).
Conclusion
In this real world and large sample data study, we reported for the first time that D-dimer was strong independent thrombosis biomarker in patient who underwent PCI. In the future, we may use D-dimer to guide individualized antithrombotic therapy after PCI.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences; Young and middle-aged talents in the XPCC Science and Technology Project
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Li J, Zhao X, Yang Y, Gao R, Yuan J. Association between NPC1L1 and HMGCR gene polymorphisms with residual cholesterol risk in patients with premature triple-vessel disease. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.3183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Management of dyslipidemia is the primary recommend in current guidelines in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Despite intense statins therapy, patients with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level of more than 1.8 mmol/L still have residual cholesterol risk. Premature triple-vessel disease (PTVD) is a severe CHD. Recent studies have established that both residual cholesterol risks and PTVD were associated with adverse cardiovascular events. Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 (NPC1L1) and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) is involved in exogenous cholesterol absorption and endogenous cholesterol synthesis respectively, which play a vital part on dyslipidemia.
Purpose
The present study aimed to investigate the association between NPC1L1 and HMGCR gene polymorphisms and residual cholesterol risk in patients with PTVD.
Methods
A total of 609 PTVD patients treated with statins were consecutively enrolled from April 2004 to February 2011. Residual cholesterol risk was defined as low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) >1.8 mmol/L. According to LDL-C levels, the patients were divided into two groups: residual cholesterol risk group (n=521, >1.8 mmol/L) and non-residual cholesterol risk group (n=88, LDL-C ≤1.8 mmol/L). Four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of NPC1L1 gene including rs11763759, rs4720470, rs2072183 and rs2073547 and three SNPs of HMGCR gene including rs12916, rs2303151 and rs4629571 were genotyped.
Results
After adjusted for age and sex, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that rs12916 of HMGCR gene was associated with 2.082 times higher residual cholesterol risk in recessive model (OR: 2.082, 95% CI: 1.156–3.749, P=0.015), and the homozygous TT of rs12916 (OR: 2.262, 95% CI: 1.155–4.429, P=0.017) was associated with 2.262 times higher residual cholesterol risk in codominant model while there was no significant association for the heterozygous CT of rs12916 in codominant model (OR: 1.140, 95% CI: 0.678–1.917, P=0.621). There was no significant association between the SNPs of NPC1L1 gene and residual cholesterol risk in various models (P>0.05).
Conclusions
We reported for the first time that the rs12916 on HMGCR gene were associated with residual cholesterol risk in patients with PTVD, providing new insight in genetic treatment in dyslipidemia.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (CIFMS); Key Science and Technology Project of Shihezi
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Kowalchuk R, Mullikin T, Harmsen W, Rose P, Siontis B, Kim D, Costello B, Morris J, Marion J, Johnson-Tesch B, Gao R, Shiraishi S, Lucido J, Trifiletti D, Olivier K, Owen D, Stish B, Waddle M, Laack N, Park S, Brown P, Merrell K. OC-0405 Development and internal validation of an RPA-based pre-treatment decision tool for spinal SBRT. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)06892-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Zhang Z, Zhou X, Shu L, Hu M, Gao R, Zhou XH. The association between overweight/obesity and vertebral fractures in older adults: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Osteoporos Int 2021; 32:1079-1091. [PMID: 33411008 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-020-05764-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED A meta-analysis of observational studies was conducted to assess the relationship between overweight/obesity and vertebral fractures in older adults. We found that overweight was related to a decreased risk of vertebral fractures in female and non-Asian populations, while obesity failed to be associated with vertebral fracture risks based on the present data. INTRODUCTION Recent investigations suggest that the influence of overweight/obesity on fracture risks is site-specific, while conflicting data were reported related to vertebral fracture. This meta-analysis was performed to qualitatively assess the relationship between overweight/obesity and the risk of vertebral fracture. METHODS MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane were searched for relevant observational articles assessing the vertebral fracture risk of the overweight or obese population compared to normal population. Two independent reviewers conducted data extraction and quality assessment. Relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were pooled using a random effect model. RESULTS Eleven studies including 1,078,094 participants were extracted from 1645 records. Pooled RR showed that decreased risk of vertebral fractures was observed in the overweight older adults (RR: 1.16; 95% CI: 1.07-1.26; I2: 51.8%), but not in the obese populations (RR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.82-1.17; I2: 92.1%). In the subgroup analysis, we found a significant inverse association between overweight and risk of vertebral fracture in women (RR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.85-1.00; I2: 0.0%), non-Asian areas (RR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.80-0.99; I2: 40.7%), sample size > 2000 (RR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.80-0.94; I2: 4.9%), and quality score > 7 (RR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.79-0.95; I2: 21.9%). Furthermore, pooled studies of sample size > 2000 (RR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.76, 0.89; I2: 52.1%) and quality score > 7 (RR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.62, 0.91; I2: 68.1%) showed that the people with obesity had a significantly lower prevalence of vertebral fracture. CONCLUSIONS Overweight aged adults tend to have a lower vertebral fracture risk. When gender and ethnicity were taken into consideration, the inverse relationship between overweight and vertebral fracture risk were only observed in female and non-Asian populations. Besides, there is insufficient data to conclude the relationship between obesity and the risk of vertebral fractures, and thus, further studies are needed.
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Gao R, Shaw K, Kaviani M, Gordon J, Zello G, Chilibeck P. Glycemic Index of lentil- and cherry-based sport nutrition products for endurance athletes. Sci Sports 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Fu F, Guo Y, Lu X, Zhao P, Zou S, Wang H, Gao R, Pei C. Forensic analysis of soman exposure using characteristic fragment ions from protein adducts. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:1519-1527. [PMID: 33729033 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211001111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The verification of exposure to nerve agents is a serious challenge, especially in cases of soman (GD) poisoning. Protein adducts are reliable biomarkers, that provide forensic information and evidence during incidents of terrorism or sporadic poisoning. Mass spectrometry, coupled with a proteomics approach, was established for the forensic analysis of GD-based protein adducts. The fragmentation pathways of GD-based protein adducts were investigated for the first time using electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Three abundant natural loss product ions, [M+2H-54]2+ (loss of two carbon cations), [M+2H-72]2+ (loss of tert-butyl and methyl moieties), and [M+2H-84]2+ (loss of the pinacolyl moieties), were observed in each of the GD-labeled adducts, and the product ions were independent of protein structure and exposure route. A unique mechanism for the formation of product ions involving GD-protein adducts is proposed here. These findings support the development of a simple and precise forensic analysis technique to rapidly verify GD poisoning using these three GD-related product ions.
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Luan Y, Li C, Zuo W, Hu H, Gao R, Zhang B, Tong X, Lu C, Dai F. Gene mapping reveals the association between tyrosine protein kinase Abl1 and the silk yield of Bombyx mori. Anim Genet 2021; 52:342-350. [PMID: 33683721 DOI: 10.1111/age.13052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The Z chromosome of the silkworm contains a major gene that influences silk yield. This major locus on chromosome Z accounts for 35.10% of the phenotypic variance. The location and identification of the gene have been a focus of silkworm genetics research. Unfortunately, identification of this gene has been difficult. We used extreme phenotype subpopulations and selected from a backcross population, BC1 M, which was obtained using the high-yield strain 872B and the low-yield strain IS-Dazao as parents, for mapping the gene on the chromosome Z. The candidate region was narrowed down to 134 kb at the tip of the chromosome. BmAbl1 in this region correlated with silk gland development by spatiotemporal expression analysis. This gene was differentially expressed in the posterior silk glands of the high- and low-yield strains. In BmAbl1, an insertion-deletion (indel) within the 10th exonic region and an SNP within the 6th intronic region were detected and shown to be associated with cocoon shell weight in 84 Bombyx mori strains with different yields. Nucleotide diversity analysis of BmAbl1 and its 50 kb flanking regions indicated that BmAbl1 has experienced strong artificial selection during silkworm domestication. This study is the first to identify the genes controlling silk yield in the major QTL of the Z chromosome using forward genetics.
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Zhao B, Xie Z, Liu R, Wang H, Wang M, Zhang L, Gao R, Wu X, Hao T, Fang Q, Liu C, Zhang T, Chen C. Fabrication of an ultrafine-grained W-ZrC-Re alloy with high thermal stability. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2020.112208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ai JG, Qing X, Gao R, Liu HH, Xie ZZ, Li W, Wang TS, Tan GL. [Effect of endoscopic vidian neurectomy in patients with coexisting allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma]. ZHONGHUA ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 2020; 55:452-457. [PMID: 32842358 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20200429-00349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the clinical significance of endoscopic vidian neurectomy (EVN) on outcomes in patients with coexisting refractory allergic rhinitis (AR) and bronchial asthma, and to analyze its influence factor. Methods: Clinical data of 109 patients with moderate to severe persistent intractable AR and bronchial asthma who were allocated to the bilateral EVN group (surgery group, 70 cases) or conservative medication group (drug group, 39 cases) from 1 May 2008 to 30 April 2013 in Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University were retrospectively analyzed, including 47 cases of male and 62 cases of female aged (32.7±6.8) years.Ninety-five patients were followed up for at least 3 years. The Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQ), Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ), Total Asthma Symptom Score (TASS), forced expiratory volume in 1 second of predicted (FEV1) and medication scores were evaluated at 6 months, 1 year and 3 years after undergoing the initial treatments in the two groups. Multiple factor analysis was used to determine the factors influencing the improvement after EVN. Results: Postoperative scores of RQLQ were significantly lower than preoperative scores during follow-up in surgery group (the preoperative score and postoperative score at 6 months, 1 year, 3 years after operation was 2.39±0.61 (x±s), 0.81±0.43, 0.89±0.32, 1.06±0.24, respectively, all P<0.001). Postoperative scores of VAS were significantly lower than preoperative scores during follow-up in surgery group (the preoperative score and postoperative score at 6 months, 1 year,3 years after operation was 7.13±1.04, 2.52±1.47, 2.70±1.42, 2.85±1.64, respectively, all P<0.05). Scores of RQLQ and VAS in surgery group were significantly lower than those of drug group. Postoperative scores of AQLQ were significantly higher than preoperative scores during follow-up in surgery group (the preoperative score and postoperative score at 6 months, 1 year, 3 years after operation was 3.78±0.81, 4.99±0.45, 4.75±0.71, 4.62±0.64, respectively, all P<0.05), and were significantly higher than those of drug group. The TASS and FEV1 were not significantly changed in surgery group. The postoperative medication scores for AR were gradually reduced after surgery (the preoperative score and postoperative score at 6 months, 1 year, 3 years after operation was 0.99±0.21, 0.37±0.12, 0.39±0.26, 0.45±0.11, respectively, all P<0.05), and the postoperative medication scores for Asthma were gradually reduced after surgery too (the preoperative score and postoperative score at 6 months, 1 year, 3 years after operation was 1.27±0.31, 0.82±0.29, 0.85±0.23, 0.96±0.19, respectively, all P<0.05), and all the postoperative medication scores were significantly lower than those of drug group. At the end of the follow-up, the improvement rates for AR and asthma were 90.6% (58/64) and 45.3% (29/64), respectively. Asthma outcomes were significantly improved by controlling rhinitis symptoms in patients whose asthma attacks were induced by "rhinitis onset" or "climate change" . Conclusion: For patients with AR and bronchial asthma, EVN can significantly control AR symptoms, and improve asthma outcomes in patients whose asthma attacks are induced by rhinitis onset and/or climate change.
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Lv J, Jiang S, Yang Y, Zhang X, Gao R, Cao Y, Song G. FGIN-1-27 Inhibits Melanogenesis by Regulating Protein Kinase A/cAMP-Responsive Element-Binding, Protein Kinase C-β, and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathways. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:602889. [PMID: 33390991 PMCID: PMC7775666 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.602889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
FGIN-1-27 is a synthetic mitochondrial diazepam binding inhibitor receptor (MDR) agonist that has demonstrated pro-apoptotic, anti-anxiety, and steroidogenic activity in various studies. Here we report, for the first time, the anti-melanogenic efficacy of FGIN-1-27 in vitro and in vivo. FGIN-1-27 significantly inhibited basal and α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-, 1-Oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol (OAG)- and Endothelin-1 (ET-1)-induced melanogenesis without cellular toxicity. Mushroom tyrosinase activity assay showed that FGIN-1-27 did not directly inhibit tyrosinase activity, which suggested that FGIN-1-27 was not a direct inhibitor of tyrosinase. Although it was not capable of modulating the catalytic activity of mushroom tyrosinase in vitro, FGIN-1-27 downregulated the expression levels of key proteins that function in melanogenesis. FGIN-1-27 played these functions mainly by suppressing the PKA/CREB, PKC-β, and MAPK pathways. Once inactivated, it decreased the expression of MITF, tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2, and inhibited the tyrosinase activity, finally inhibiting melanogenesis. During in vivo experiments, FGIN-1-27 inhibited the body pigmentation of zebrafish and reduced UVB-induced hyperpigmentation in guinea pig skin, but not a reduction of numbers of melanocytes. Our findings indicated that FGIN-1-27 exhibited no cytotoxicity and inhibited melanogenesis in both in vitro and in vivo models. It may prove quite useful as a safer skin-whitening agent.
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Wang H, Xu B, Gao R, Dou K. Prognostic implications of 2018 ESC/EACTS guideline-endorsed high ischaemic risk features on clinical outcomes after PCI with drug-eluting stents. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.2506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Recently, the 2018 ESC/EACTS guidelines on myocardial revascularization have been proposed to standardize the definition of high ischemic events risk (HIR) features. However, the prevalence and the expected ischemic event rate of HIR patients defined by ESC/EACTS-endorsed criteria are currently unknown in the real-world percutaneous coronary intervention practice. We sought to investigate the impact of HIR features on clinical outcomes after drug-eluting stents implantation and whether this effect is influenced by high bleeding risk (HBR).
Methods
Between January 2013 and December 2013, a total of 10,167 consecutive patients undergoing PCI were prospectively enrolled in Fuwai PCI Registry. The primary ischemic endpoint was target lesion failure (TLF) (comprising cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction, and target lesion revascularization] and the primary bleeding endpoint was clinically relevant bleeding defined as Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) type 2, 3, or 5 bleeding. Guideline-endorsed HIR features were in the present study and definitions were as follows: diffuse (defined as lesion length ≥20 mm) multivessel disease in patients with diabetes, CKD (defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/min/1.73 m2), ≥3 stents implanted, ≥3 lesions treated, bifurcation with 2 stents implanted, total stent length >60 mm, and treatment of CTO, and history of ST-elevation myocardial infarction. HBR was defined based on the highest quartile of PARIS bleeding score (≥6 or <6).
Results
Median follow-up was 29 months. 5149 patients had at least 1 HIR feature (50.6%), who experienced significantly increased risks of TLF (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 1.59, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.32–1.93; P<0.001), compared to those with non-HIR features. In contrast, the risk of clinically relevant bleeding was statistically similar between the 2 groups (HRadjust: 0.85 [0.66–1.09]; P=0.200). By including ESC/EACTS-endorsed HIR criteria as a continuous variable within the same multivariable models, the risk of adverse ischemic events tended to be greater as the number of high-risk procedural characteristics increased (per number of high-risk features increase: for TLF, HRadjust: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.07–1.23; P trend<0.001; for MACE, HRadjust: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.22–1.46; P trend<0.001). There was no statistical interaction between HBR and HIR features in regard to TLF (adjusted Pinteraction=0.855) and clinically relevant bleeding (adjusted Pinteraction=0.269), suggesting a consistent effect within ESC/EACTS-endorsed HIR features. Results were consistent when categorizing patients into HBR according to PARIS bleeding risk score ≥8 points.
Conclusions
ESC/EACTS-endorsed HIR criteria were associated with a substantial risk of ischemic events, with no increase in clinically relevant bleeding in routine clinical practice; and theses associations did not seem to be modified by HBR status.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Foundation. Main funding source(s): Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences
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Wang H, Gao R, Xu B, Dou K, Kirtane A. Benefit-risk profile of longer-than-1-year dual antiplatelet therapy in TWLIGHT-like patients with high risk of ischemic or bleeding events after drug-eluting stents implantation. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.2496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Dual-antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) exceeding 1 year may increase a bleeding risk despite reducing the risk of ischemic events. The benefits and harms of prolonging DAPT with aspirin and clopidogrel beyond 1 year after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation for TWLIGHT-like patients with high-risk for bleeding or an ischemic event remain unknown.
Method
Between January 2013 and December 2013, all consecutive patients undergoing PCI were prospectively included in the Fuwai PCI Registry. We evaluated 7521 patients who were at high risk for ischemic or hemorrhagic complications and were events free (no death, myocardial infarction [MI], stroke, stent thrombosis [ST], any revascularization, or major bleeding) at 1 year after the index procedure. Subjects were divided into 2 groups: DAPT >1-year group (n=5252) and DAPT ≤1-year group (n=2269). Patients at high-risk for ischemic or bleeding events were defined as having at least one additional clinical feature and one angiographic feature according to TWILIGHT trial criteria. The clinical criteria for high risk were age ≥65 years, female sex, troponin-positive ACS, established vascular disease, diabetes mellitus that was being treated with medication, and CKD. Angiographic criteria included multivessel coronary artery disease, total stent length ≥30 mm, a thrombotic target lesion, a bifurcation lesion treated with two stents, an obstructive left main or proximal left anterior descending lesion, and a calcified target lesion treated with atherectomy. The primary outcome was major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events [MACCE] (a composite of all-cause death, MI, or stroke).
Results
During a median follow-up of 30 months after the index procedure, DAPT >1-year was associated with a reduction in risk for MACCE compared with DAPT ≤1-year (1.5% vs. 3.8%; adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 0.36; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.27–0.50; P<0.001) after multivariable adjustment. This difference was largely driven by a lower risk of all-cause mortality. In contrast, the risk of BARC type 2, 3 or 5 bleeding was statistically similar between the 2 groups (1.0% vs. 1.1%; adjusted HR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.50–1.30; P=0.373). After propensity score matching, incidence of MACCE was still lower in the DAPT >1-year group than the DAPT ≤1-year group (1.6% versus 4.5%; HR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.22–0.52; P<0.001) and the rates of BARC type 2, 3 or 5 bleeding was not different between the 2 groups (1.1% versus 0.9%; adjusted HR, 1.12; 95% CI, 0.57–2.18; P=0.744). In subgroup analysis, the treatment effect of prolonged DAPT was consistent across subgroups regardless of ACS, DAPT score, or type of used DES.
Conclusions
DAPT continuation with aspirin and clopidogrel beyond 1-year after DES implantation resulted in a significantly lower rate of MACCE, with no higher risk of clinically relevant bleeding in TWLIGHT-like patients who were at high-risk for ischemic or bleeding events.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Foundation. Main funding source(s): National Natural Science Foundation of China
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Wang H, Xu B, Zhang D, Gao R, Dou K. PCI complexity and risk of adverse events in relation to high bleeding risk among patients receiving drug-eluting stents. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.1317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The relation between complex percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), high bleeding risk (HBR), and adverse events after coronary artery implantation of drug-eluting stents has been incompletely characterized. This study sought to investigate the ischemic and bleeding events after complex PCI including a stratification according to HBR estimated by PARIS bleeding risk score.
Methods
Between January 2013 and December 2013, 10,167 consecutive patients undergoing PCI were prospectively enrolled in Fuwai PCI Registry. Complex PCI was defined when having at least one of the following characteristics: 3 vessels treated, ≥3 stents implanted, ≥3 lesions treated, bifurcation with 2 stents implanted, total stent length >60 mm, treatment of chronic total occlusion, unprotected left main PCI, in-stent restenosis target lesion, and severely calcified lesion. The primary ischemic endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) [composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, and definite/probable stent thrombosis], and primary bleeding endpoint was Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) type 2, 3, or 5 bleeding.
Results
The median duration of follow-up was 29 months. In adjusted Cox regression analysis, patients having complex PCI procedures experienced higher risks of MACE (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.63, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.38–1.92; P<0.001), compared with non-complex PCI. In contrast, the risk of clinically relevant bleeding was statistically similar between the 2 groups (HR: 0.86 [0.66–1.11]; P=0.238). There was no statistical interaction between HBR (PARIS bleeding score ≥8 or <8) and complex PCI in regard to MACE (adjusted Pinteraction=0.388) and clinically relevant bleeding (adjusted Pinteraction=0.279).
Conclusions
Patients who had undergone complex PCI resulted in substantially more ischemic events, without an increase in clinically relevant bleeding risk; and these associations did not seem to be modified by HBR status. More intensified antiplatelet therapy may be beneficial for patients with complex percutaneous coronary revascularization procedures.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Foundation. Main funding source(s): Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences
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Wang H, Gao R, Yang Y, Xu B, Dou K. Benefit and risks of extended dual antiplatelet therapy beyond 1 year in high-risk patients after drug-eluting stent implantation. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.3379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Dual-antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) exceeding 1 year may increase a bleeding risk despite reducing the risk of ischemic events. The benefits and harms of prolonging DAPT with aspirin and clopidogrel beyond 1 year after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation for patients with high-risk for bleeding or an ischemic event remain unknown.
Method
Between January 2013 and December 2013, all consecutive patients undergoing PCI were prospectively included in the Fuwai PCI Registry. We evaluated 7521 patients who were at high risk for ischemic or hemorrhagic complications and were events free (no death, myocardial infarction [MI], stroke, stent thrombosis [ST], any revascularization, or major bleeding) at 1 year after the index procedure. Subjects were divided into 2 groups: DAPT>1-year group (n=5252) and DAPT≤1-year group (n=2269). Patients at high-risk for ischemic or bleeding events were defined as having at least one additional clinical feature and one angiographic feature according to TWILIGHT trial criteria. The clinical criteria for high risk were age≥65 years, female sex, troponin-positive ACS, established vascular disease, diabetes mellitus that was being treated with medication, and CKD. Angiographic criteria included multivessel coronary artery disease, total stent lengthd≥30 mm, a thrombotic target lesion, a bifurcation lesion treated with two stents, an obstructive left main or proximal left anterior descending lesion, and a calcified target lesion treated with atherectomy. The primary outcome was major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events [MACCE] (a composite of all-cause death, MI, or stroke).
Results
During a median follow-up of 30 months after the index procedure, DAPT>1-year was associated with a reduction in risk for MACCE compared with DAPT≤1-year (1.5% vs. 3.8%; adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 0.36; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.27–0.50; P<0.001) after multivariable adjustment. This difference was largely driven by a lower risk of all-cause mortality. In contrast, the risk of BARC type 2, 3 or 5 bleeding was statistically similar between the 2 groups (1.0% vs. 1.1%; adjusted HR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.50–1.30; P=0.373). After propensity score matching, incidence of MACCE was still lower in the DAPT>1-year group than the DAPT≤1-year group (1.6% versus 4.5%; HR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.22–0.52; P<0.001) and the rates of BARC type 2, 3 or 5 bleeding was not different between the 2 groups (1.1% versus 0.9%; adjusted HR, 1.12; 95% CI, 0.57–2.18; P=0.744). In subgroup analysis, the treatment effect of prolonged DAPT was consistent across subgroups regardless of ACS, DAPT score, or type of used DES.
Conclusions
DAPT continuation with aspirin and clopidogrel beyond 1-year after DES implantation resulted in a significantly lower rate of MACCE, with no higher risk of clinically relevant bleeding in patients who were at high-risk for ischemic or bleeding events.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Foundation. Main funding source(s): Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (CIFMS)
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Lv J, An X, Jiang S, Yang Y, Song G, Gao R. Protoporphyrin IX Stimulates Melanogenesis, Melanocyte Dendricity, and Melanosome Transport Through the cGMP/PKG Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:569368. [PMID: 33013408 PMCID: PMC7516199 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.569368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) is a heterocyclic organic compound that is the last intermediate in the heme biosynthetic pathway. PPIX, due to its photodynamic effects, is utilized in the treatment of skin diseases. Furthermore, PPIX has been utilized as a melanogenesis-stimulating agent in various studies. However, the exact function and mechanism underlying PPIX action in melanocytes remain to be elucidated. In the present study, we sought to further investigate how PPIX affects melanocyte melanogenesis, and whether PPIX is involved in melanin transport. Our findings demonstrated that PPIX increased melanocyte dendricity and melanosome transport, in addition to increasing melanogenesis. PPIX functions primarily by activating the guanylate cyclase (GC) and cyclic guanosine 3’, 5’-monophosphate/protein kinase G (cGMP/PKG) signaling pathways. Once activated, these pathways increase tyrosinase activity and the expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein-1 and -2 (TRP-1 and TRP-2), myosin Va, melanophinin, Ras-related protein Rab-27A (Rab27a), and cell division cycle 42 (Cdc42), promoting melanogenesis, melanocyte dendricity, and melanosome transport. Furthermore, the melanogenic effects of PPIX were confirmed in vivo in a zebrafish model system. Our results indicate that PPIX is not cytotoxic and may, thus, be utilized as a pigmentation enhancer.
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Ye Q, Hu GY, Cai YB, Zhang GW, Xu K, Qu T, Gao R. Structural exercise-based intervention for health problems in individuals with autism spectrum disorders: a pilot study. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2020; 23:4313-4320. [PMID: 31173304 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201905_17937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Exercise-based intervention promises to be more effective in a structured framework for individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The aim of this study was to observe changes in behavior of individuals with ASD by investigating their physical status after the structured exercise-based intervention. PATIENTS AND METHODS The exercise intervention integrated an 8-week exercise program that included aerobic, resistive, and neuromuscular exercises. Body composition and the Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC) were evaluated to assess changes after the exercise-based intervention. RESULTS After the exercise intervention, the fat mass of individuals with ASD were significantly reduced, and their behavior improved markedly. CONCLUSIONS This pilot study demonstrated that individuals with ASD require long-term, structured exercise-based intervention, and that such exercise-based intervention is effective for improving their health.
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Golembesky A, Kotowsky N, Gao R, Yamazaki H. PRO17 Healthcare Resource Utilization (HCRU) in Patients with Palmoplantar Pustulosis (PPP) in JAPAN: A Claims Database Study. Value Health Reg Issues 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vhri.2020.07.512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Golembesky A, Kotowsky N, Gao R, Yamazaki H. PRO16 Healthcare Resource Utilization (HCRU) in Patients with Generalized Pustular Psoriasis (GPP) in JAPAN: A Claims Database Study. Value Health Reg Issues 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vhri.2020.07.511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Kotowsky N, Feldman S, Garry E, Valdecantos W, Gao R, Golembesky A. 439 Characteristics of patients with generalized pustular psoriasis compared to those with psoriasis vulgaris: A claims database study. J Invest Dermatol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.03.447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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