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Kerr JR, Christian P, Hodgetts A, Langford PR, Devanur LD, Petty R, Burke B, Sinclair LI, Richards SCM, Montgomery J, McDermott CR, Harrison TJ, Kellam P, Nutt DJ, Holgate ST. Current research priorities in chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis: disease mechanisms, a diagnostic test and specific treatments. J Clin Pathol 2006; 60:113-6. [PMID: 16935968 PMCID: PMC1860619 DOI: 10.1136/jcp.2006.042374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is an illness characterised by disabling fatigue of at least 6 months duration, which is accompanied by various rheumatological, infectious and neuropsychiatric symptoms. A collaborative study group has been formed to deal with the current areas for development in CFS research--namely, to develop an understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of CFS, to develop a diagnostic test and to develop specific and curative treatments. Various groups have studied the gene expression in peripheral blood of patients with CFS, and from those studies that have been confirmed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), clearly, the most predominant functional theme is that of immunity and defence. However, we do not yet know the precise gene signature and metabolic pathways involved. Currently, this is being dealt with using a microarray representing 47,000 human genes and variants, massive parallel signature sequencing and real-time PCR. It will be important to ensure that once a gene signature has been identified, it is specific to CFS and does not occur in other diseases and infections. A diagnostic test is being developed using surface-enhanced, laser-desorption and ionisation-time-of-flight mass spectrometry based on a pilot study in which putative biomarkers were identified. Finally, clinical trials are being planned; novel treatments that we believe are important to trial in patients with CFS are interferon-beta and one of the anti-tumour necrosis factor-alpha drugs.
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Houghton K, Malleson P, Cabral D, Petty R, Tucker L. Primary Sjögren's syndrome in children and adolescents: are proposed diagnostic criteria applicable? J Rheumatol 2005; 32:2225-32. [PMID: 16265707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the proposed criteria for the diagnosis of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) in childhood to the validated American-European Consensus Group (AECG) classification criteria for pSS in adults. METHODS Charts of 7 children with pSS seen at British Columbia's Children's Hospital (BCCH) and data on 128 children identified through Medline in the English language literature between 1963 and 2003 were reviewed for pediatric and AECG criteria for pSS. The presence of > or = 4 criteria was required to satisfy the respective classification criteria. The expert clinical opinion of pediatric rheumatologists was considered the gold standard for diagnosis. RESULTS A total of 24/62 (39%) cases satisfied the AECG criteria; 47/62 (76%) satisfied the proposed pediatric criteria. Inclusion of recurrent parotitis increased the sensitivity of the pediatric clinical criteria. From the cases, 78/133 (59%) satisfied the pediatric oral symptom criteria; only 6/78 (8%) had xerostomia in the absence of recurrent parotitis. There was no reported case of recurrent conjunctivitis in the absence of keratoconjunctivitis sicca. We found 101/130 (78%) cases had at least one positive autoantibody test result [antinuclear antibodies (ANA), rheumatoid factor (RF), SSA, SSB]; 78/123 (63%) had autoantibodies to SSA or SSB. CONCLUSION The AECG adult criteria for pSS should not be applied to children as the sensitivity is unacceptably low. The inclusion of recurrent parotitis increases the sensitivity of the pediatric criteria, and recurrent parotitis should alert the clinician to the possibility of pSS. The inclusion of recurrent conjunctivitis did not improve the sensitivity over the AECG ocular criteria. The addition of ANA and RF to the AECG criteria did not change the number of patients satisfying the criteria for pediatric pSS.
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van der Weyden L, Tachibana KK, Gonzalez MA, Adams DJ, Ng BL, Petty R, Venkitaraman AR, Arends MJ, Bradley A. The RASSF1A isoform of RASSF1 promotes microtubule stability and suppresses tumorigenesis. Mol Cell Biol 2005; 25:8356-67. [PMID: 16135822 PMCID: PMC1234312 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.25.18.8356-8367.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The RASSF1A isoform of RASSF1 is frequently inactivated by epigenetic alterations in human cancers, but it remains unclear if and how it acts as a tumor suppressor. RASSF1A overexpression reduces in vitro colony formation and the tumorigenicity of cancer cell lines in vivo. Conversely, RASSF1A knockdown causes multiple mitotic defects that may promote genomic instability. Here, we have used a genetic approach to address the function of RASSF1A as a tumor suppressor in vivo by targeted deletion of Rassf1A in the mouse. Rassf1A null mice were viable and fertile and displayed no pathological abnormalities. Rassf1A null embryonic fibroblasts displayed an increased sensitivity to microtubule depolymerizing agents. No overtly altered cell cycle parameters or aberrations in centrosome number were detected in Rassf1A null fibroblasts. Rassf1A null fibroblasts did not show increased sensitivity to microtubule poisons or DNA-damaging agents and showed no evidence of gross genomic instability, suggesting that cellular responses to genotoxins were unaffected. Rassf1A null mice showed an increased incidence of spontaneous tumorigenesis and decreased survival rate compared with wild-type mice. Irradiated Rassf1A null mice also showed increased tumor susceptibility, particularly to tumors associated with the gastrointestinal tract, compared with wild-type mice. Thus, our results demonstrate that Rassf1A acts as a tumor suppressor gene.
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Petty R, Kerr K, Nicolson M, Murray G, Rooney P, Bissett D, Collie-Duguid E. P-104 Identification of the lysosomal programmed cell death (PCD)pathway as a critical determinant of clinical response in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). Lung Cancer 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(05)80598-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Harrow S, Papanastassiou V, Harland J, Mabbs R, Petty R, Fraser M, Hadley D, Patterson J, Brown SM, Rampling R. HSV1716 injection into the brain adjacent to tumour following surgical resection of high-grade glioma: safety data and long-term survival. Gene Ther 2005; 11:1648-58. [PMID: 15334111 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Following standard treatment, the prognosis remains poor in patients with high-grade glioma and new therapies are urgently required. Herpes simplex virus 1716 (HSV1716) is an ICP34.5 null mutant that is selectively replication competent and shown to be safe and to replicate following injection into high-grade glioma. We demonstrate that following surgical resection, HSV1716 is safe when injected into the brain adjacent to excised tumour. In all, 12 patients with recurrent or newly diagnosed high-grade glioma underwent maximal resection of the tumour. HSV1716 was injected into eight to 10 sites around the resulting tumour cavity with the intent of infecting residual tumour cells. As clinically indicated, patients proceeded to further radiotherapy or chemotherapy. There has been no clinical evidence of toxicity associated with the administration of HSV1716. Longitudinal follow-up has allowed the assessment of overall survival compared to that of similar patients not treated with HSV1716. Three patients remain alive and clinically stable at 15, 18 and 22 months postsurgery and HSV1716 injection. Remarkably, the first patient in the trial, who had extensive recurrent disease preprocedure, is alive at 22 months since injection of HSV1716 and 29 months since first diagnosis. Imaging has demonstrated a reduction of residual tumour over the 22-month period despite no further medical intervention since the surgery and HSV1716 injection. In this study, we demonstrate that on the basis of clinical observations, there has been no toxicity following the administration of HSV1716 into the resection cavity rim in patients with high-grade glioma. The survival and imaging data, in addition to the lack of toxicity, give us confidence to proceed to a clinical trial to demonstrate efficacy of HSV1716 in glioma patients.
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Silverman E, Spiegel L, Hawkins D, Petty R, Goldsmith D, Schanberg L, Duffy C, Howard P, Strand V. Long-term open-label preliminary study of the safety and efficacy of leflunomide in patients with polyarticular-course juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 52:554-62. [DOI: 10.1002/art.20861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Petty R, Culligan D, Bissett D. Successful salvage of relapsed adults Wilms' tumour with high dose chemotherapy and autologous peripheral blood stem cell rescue. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2002; 14:329. [PMID: 12206646 DOI: 10.1053/clon.2002.0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Papanastassiou V, Rampling R, Fraser M, Petty R, Hadley D, Nicoll J, Harland J, Mabbs R, Brown M. The potential for efficacy of the modified (ICP 34.5(-)) herpes simplex virus HSV1716 following intratumoural injection into human malignant glioma: a proof of principle study. Gene Ther 2002; 9:398-406. [PMID: 11960316 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3301664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2001] [Accepted: 01/07/2002] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated the safety of intratumoural administration of the selectively replication-competent herpes simplex virus mutant HSV1716 in patients with high-grade glioma (HGG). Here we show its potential for efficacy by demonstrating that the virus survives and replicates when injected into the tumours of patients. Since HSV replication is a cytolytic process it must result in tumour cell killing. Twelve patients with biopsy-verified HGG received an intratumoural injection of 10(5) plaque-forming units (p.f.u.) of HSV1716. Four to 9 days after inoculation, tumours were removed and assayed for evidence of viral replication. In two patients, HSV1716, in excess of the input dose was recovered from the injection site. HSV DNA was detected by PCR at the sites of inoculation in 10 patients and at distal tumour sites in four. HSV-specific antigen was detected in tumour tissue from two patients. In five patients an immunological response to HSV1716, as detected by changes in levels of IgG and IgM, was demonstrated. This study demonstrates that HSV1716 replicates in HGG without causing toxicity in both HSV-seropositive and -seronegative patients.
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Gur RC, Alsop D, Glahn D, Petty R, Swanson CL, Maldjian JA, Turetsky BI, Detre JA, Gee J, Gur RE. An fMRI study of sex differences in regional activation to a verbal and a spatial task. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2000; 74:157-170. [PMID: 10950912 DOI: 10.1006/brln.2000.2325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Sex differences in cognitive performance have been documented, women performing better on some phonological tasks and men on spatial tasks. An earlier fMRI study suggested sex differences in distributed brain activation during phonological processing, with bilateral activation seen in women while men showed primarily left-lateralized activation. This blood oxygen level-dependent fMRI study examined sex differences (14 men, 13 women) in activation for a spatial task (judgment of line orientation) compared to a verbal-reasoning task (analogies) that does not typically show sex differences. Task difficulty was manipulated. Hypothesized ROI-based analysis documented the expected left-lateralized changes for the verbal task in the inferior parietal and planum temporal regions in both men and women, but only men showed right-lateralized increase for the spatial task in these regions. Image-based analysis revealed a distributed network of cortical regions activated by the tasks, which consisted of the lateral frontal, medial frontal, mid-temporal, occipitoparietal, and occipital regions. The activation was more left lateralized for the verbal and more right for the spatial tasks, but men also showed some left activation for the spatial task, which was not seen in women. Increased task difficulty produced more distributed activation for the verbal and more circumscribed activation for the spatial task. The results suggest that failure to activate the appropriate hemisphere in regions directly involved in task performance may explain certain sex differences in performance. They also extend, for a spatial task, the principle that bilateral activation in a distributed cognitive system underlies sex differences in performance.
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Gould DC, Petty R. The male menopause: does it exist?: for: some men need investigation and testosterone treatment. West J Med 2000; 173:76-8. [PMID: 10924412 PMCID: PMC1070997 DOI: 10.1136/ewjm.173.2.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Rampling R, Cruickshank G, Papanastassiou V, Nicoll J, Hadley D, Brennan D, Petty R, MacLean A, Harland J, McKie E, Mabbs R, Brown M. Toxicity evaluation of replication-competent herpes simplex virus (ICP 34.5 null mutant 1716) in patients with recurrent malignant glioma. Gene Ther 2000; 7:859-66. [PMID: 10845724 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3301184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 470] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The herpes simplex virus (HSV) ICP34.5 null mutant 1716 replicates selectively in actively dividing cells and has been proposed as a potential treatment for cancer, particularly brain tumours. We present a clinical study to evaluate the safety of 1716 in patients with relapsed malignant glioma. Following intratumoural inoculation of doses up to 10(5) p.f.u., there was no induction of encephalitis, no adverse clinical symptoms, and no reactivation of latent HSV. Of nine patients treated, four are currently alive and well 14-24 months after 1716 administration. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using replication-competent HSV in human therapy.
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Gould DC, Petty R, Jacobs HS. For and against: The male menopause--does it exist? BMJ (CLINICAL RESEARCH ED.) 2000; 320:858-61. [PMID: 10731186 PMCID: PMC1127205 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.320.7238.858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Edgerton SA, Bian X, Doran JC, Fast JD, Hubbe JM, Malone EL, Shaw WJ, Whiteman CD, Zhong S, Arriaga JL, Ortiz E, Ruiz M, Sosa G, Vega E, Limon T, Guzman F, Archuleta J, Bossert JE, Elliot SM, Lee JT, McNair LA, Chow JC, Watson JG, Coulter RL, Doskey PV, Gaffney JS, Marley NA, Neff W, Petty R. Particulate Air Pollution in Mexico City: A Collaborative Research Project. JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION (1995) 1999; 49:1221-1229. [PMID: 28060672 DOI: 10.1080/10473289.1999.10463915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
PM10, PM25, precursor gas, and upper-air meteorological measurements were taken in Mexico City, Mexico, from February 23 to March 22, 1997, to understand concentrations and chemical compositions of the city's particulate matter (PM). Average 24-hr PM10 concentrations over the period of study at the core sites in the city were 75 H g/m3. The 24-hr standard of 150 μ g/m3 was exceeded for seven samples taken during the study period; the maximum 24-hr concentration measured was 542 μ g/m3. Nearly half of the PM10 was composed of fugitive dust from roadways, construction, and bare land. About 50% of the PM10 consisted of PM2.5, with higher percentages during the morning hours. Organic and black carbon constituted up to half of the PM2.5. PM concentrations were highest during the early morning and after sunset, when the mixed layers were shallow. Meteorological measurements taken during the field campaign show that on most days air was transported out of the Mexico City basin during the afternoon with little day-to-day carryover.
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Wulffraat NM, Kuis W, Petty R. Addendum: proposed guidelines for autologous stem cell transplantation in juvenile chronic arthritis. Paediatric Rheumatology Workshop. Rheumatology (Oxford) 1999; 38:777-8. [PMID: 10501434 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/38.8.777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Mago R, Petty R, Wolpe PR. Placebos in research. Psychiatr Serv 1999; 50:568. [PMID: 10211750 DOI: 10.1176/ps.50.4.568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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De Silva R, Petty R, Loudon M, Frew C, Cooke A, Davidson R. Molecular genetic diagnosis of Friedreich's ataxia in a pedigree with apparent autosomal dominant spinocerebellar degeneration. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1999; 66:117-8. [PMID: 9886474 PMCID: PMC1736170 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.66.1.117a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Kohler C, Gur RC, Swanson CL, Petty R, Gur RE. Depression in schizophrenia: I. Association with neuropsychological deficits. Biol Psychiatry 1998; 43:165-72. [PMID: 9494697 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3223(97)00033-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presence of depression in schizophrenia has been well described with regard to stage and symptoms of illness; however, little is known about the possible etiology. METHODS In an effort to advance the understanding of the neurobiology of depression in schizophrenia, we grouped patients with schizophrenia based on their ratings on the 21-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. There were 63 patients (35 men, 28 women) in the high (> or = 18) depression group and 81 patients (52 men, 29 women) in the low (< 18) depression group. The groups were compared in demographic, clinical, and eight neuropsychological domains. RESULTS The two groups differed in age at onset of illness, severity of delusions, and performance in a single neuropsychological domain: attention. The specific component of impaired attention was vigilance, with poorest performance seen in women with higher depression scores. CONCLUSION The presence of specific attentional impairment associated with depressive symptoms in schizophrenia is consistent with the hypothesis of frontal lobe dysfunction in depression, because these regions have been implicated in attentional processes.
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Abstract
The aims were to determine the importance of p53 and bcl-2 expression on the response to chemotherapy with alkylating agents in patients with ovarian cancer. We have followed the response to chemotherapy in a series of 59 patients with ovarian adenocarcinoma designated as p53 and bcl-2 positive or negative by immunocytochemistry. Of these cases, 50 received either cisplatin + treosulfan or treosulfan alone. Immunocytochemistry for p53 was positive in 28/59 tumors. Patients were grouped according to their response to chemotherapy (stable or progressive disease) assessed at 6, 12, and 18 months. There was increasing divergence of p53+ and p53- tumors over time. Of those which were p53+, 25% showed progression at 6 months, 80% at 12 months and 89% progression at 18 months. In contrast, 23%, 50%, and 67% of p53- tumors showed progression at 6, 12 and 18 months respectively. For bcl-2, in 23/55 positive tumors there was progression in 35%, 78% and 94% compared with 25%, 57% and 59% in bcl-2 negative tumors at 6,12 and 18 months respectively. Those tumors which were bcl-2 and p53 negative were most likely to progress, while those which were bcl-2 and p53 positive had the best prognosis. These differences did not translate into increased overall survival with minimum follow-up of 12 months. This data lends support to our suggestion that despite initially increased susceptibility to alkylating agents, enhanced genomic instability due to p53 inactivation may render tumors more likely to develop resistance to chemotherapy over time. This effect may be altered by bcl-2 function, lack of which will lead to a good response to chemotherapy as the tumor's ability to undergo apoptosis will not be compromised.
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Petty R, Stevens R, Erickson S, Lucio J, Kao TC. Inhalation of nitrous oxide expands epidural air bubbles. REGIONAL ANESTHESIA 1996; 21:144-8. [PMID: 8829407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Epidural air bubbles are known to persist for more than 24 hours after injection. Nitrous oxide may cause expansion of these bubbles. METHODS Nine dogs were anesthetized. Ten mL air and 9 mL of iophendylate were injected into the lumbar epidural space. Control animals (n = 3) breathed halothane in 100% oxygen. Experimental animals (n = 6) breathed halothane in 70/30 nitrous oxide/oxygen. Lateral radiographs were taken before and just after injection, and again 3 hours after breathing either 70% nitrous oxide or 100% oxygen. Epidural space pressure was monitored and recorded during these 3 hours. RESULTS In all experimental animals, an increase in bubble size was observed. In the control animals, bubble size either remained the same or decreased. Epidural space pressure did not change in any animal. CONCLUSIONS Inhalation of nitrous oxide results in expansion of epidural air bubbles. This may cause displacement of epidural local anesthetics it large volumes of air are present in the epidural space.
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Howard R, Mellers J, Petty R, Bonner D, Menon R, Almeida O, Graves M, Renshaw C, Levy R. Magnetic resonance imaging volumetric measurements of the superior temporal gyrus, hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, frontal and temporal lobes in late paraphrenia. Psychol Med 1995; 25:495-503. [PMID: 7480430 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291700033419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Quantified magnetic resonance measurements were made of superior temporal gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, hippocampal, frontal and temporal lobe volumes and of the planar area of the thalamus and basal ganglia structures in 47 late paraphrenic patients and 33 healthy elderly controls. The late paraphrenics were divided into 31 schizophrenics and 16 patients with delusional disorder according to ICD-10 guidelines. Patients with delusional disorder tended to have smaller left temporal volumes compared with control subjects and patients with schizophrenia, but this difference failed to reach accepted levels of statistical significance after correction for the effects of multiple statistical comparisons, age and total brain size. Physiological right-left asymmetry, reported for temporal and frontal lobe volumes, was present in control, schizophrenic and delusional disorder subjects but delusional disorder patients had a significantly greater degree of temporal lobe asymmetry. The results add to the evidence for heterogeneity among late-onset psychoses and emphasize the subtle nature of any structural brain abnormalities in these patients.
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Kinde H, DaMassa AJ, Wakenell PS, Petty R. Mycoplasma infection in a commercial goat dairy caused by Mycoplasma agalactiae and Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides (caprine biotype). J Vet Diagn Invest 1994; 6:423-7. [PMID: 7858021 DOI: 10.1177/104063879400600404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A commercial dairy goat herd of 600 animals experienced sudden onset of arthritis/polyarthritis, clinical mastitis, and sudden death in does. The offending infectious agents were Mycoplasma agalactiae and M. mycoides subsp. mycoides (caprine biotype). The disease syndrome began approximately 4 weeks following the 1) introduction into the herd of a lactating doe with no apparent clinical signs and 2) a breakdown of proper hygienic conditions in the milking parlor. Over a period of 3 weeks, 90 does (15%) either died or were culled because of arthritis/polyarthritis and mastitis. A management decision resulted in only the does affected with M. mycoides subsp. mycoides being submitted for necropsy; those affected with M. agalactiae, which were in a different "string," were not submitted for evaluation. Gross necropsy of the does affected with M. mycoides subsp. mycoides showed purulent discharges from the udders, enlarged supramammary lymph nodes, enlarged and firm spleens, and swollen livers. Microscopic findings were characterized by a loss of vascular integrity and diffuse fluid leakage in multiple organs. Antibiotic therapy with tylosin was attempted but was not successful. The outbreak was terminated following the removal or segregation of affected does and implementation of hygienic conditions in the milking parlor.
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Petty R. Erectile impotence. THE PRACTITIONER 1993; 237:828-832. [PMID: 8255874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Kinde H, Daft BM, Walker RL, Charlton BR, Petty R. Mycoplasma bovis associated with decubital abscesses in Holstein calves. J Vet Diagn Invest 1993; 5:194-7. [PMID: 8507696 DOI: 10.1177/104063879300500209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Between April of 1990 and March of 1992, calves on a Holstein calf ranch experienced subcutaneous decubital abscesses involving the brisket region, dorsal aspect of the carpus, and lateral aspect of the stifle joints. Fifty out of 2,500 (2%) Holstein calves between the ages of 3 and 12 weeks were affected. Needle aspirates of brisket abscesses from 8 calves and 6 live or dead calves with 1 or more decubital abscesses were submitted for examination. Two of the 6 calves in addition had bronchopneumonia. Mycoplasma bovis was isolated from all abscesses and 1 lung. Formalin fixed tissues taken from the affected areas also revealed M. bovis by immunoperoxidase staining. No evidence of joint involvement was apparent, and no mycoplasma was isolated from the joints adjacent to affected areas. Attempts to isolate mycoplasma from milk and environmental samples were unsuccessful.
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Petty R. Images of China. JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS OF LONDON 1991; 25:344-6. [PMID: 1960693 PMCID: PMC5377161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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