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Mao S, Li D, Zhao D, Gao Y, Flores F, Chharawalla H, Bakhsheshi H, Kaur Y, Kim H, Liang N, Sandoval J, Cornelio D, Budoff M. Cardiac Ct Can Be Used To Diagnose And Monitor The Thoracic Vertebral Fractures, Osteoporosis And Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis In Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcct.2020.06.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Liu Y, Mao S, Zhou F, Xiong A, Chen B, Yu J, Wu F, He Y, Gao G, Chen X, Su C, Ren S, Zhou C. P2.01-30 Hepatitis B Infection or Aminotransferase Increase Associate with Poor Outcome of Anti-PD-1 Monotherapy in Patients with Advanced NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.1374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Mao S, Liu Q, Liu Y, Zhou F, Yang S, Wang Y, Yu X, Wu F, He Y, Chen X, Su C, Ren S, Zhou C. EP1.12-07 High Discrepancy of Chemotherapy Outcomes Between Patients with Peripheral and Central Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.2252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Paul S, Ohri N, Velten C, Mynampati D, Brodin P, Mao S, Kabarriti R, Tome W, Fox J, Garg M. Low-Dose Radiation Spillage During Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Brain Metastases is Associated with a Decreased Incidence of New Supratentorial Brain Metastases. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.2356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Morris J, Chan V, Chen J, Mao S, Ye M. Validation and sensitivity of CFETR design using EU systems codes. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2019.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Zhang J, Wang J, Zheng L, Wang M, Lu Y, Li Z, Lian C, Mao S, Hou X, Li S, Xu J, Tian H, Jin C, Gao F, Zhang J, Wang F, Li W, Lu L, Xu GT. miR-25 Mediates Retinal Degeneration Via Inhibiting ITGAV and PEDF in Rat. Curr Mol Med 2019; 17:359-374. [PMID: 29210651 DOI: 10.2174/1566524018666171205122540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the main cause of irreversible blindness in the elderly. Oxidative stress in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is deemed to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of AMD. miR-25 functions as an essential modulator in response to oxidative-stress in several cell types, but its function in RPE cells is poorly understood. OBJECTIVE To explore the roles of miR-25 in RPE cells and in the development of AMD. METHODS A rat model of retinal degeneration was induced by sodium iodate (SI). Subretinal injection of antagomiR-25 was performed for the intervention while the scramble as control. Visual responses were recorded with Electroretinogram (ERG). TUNEL assay was performed to detect apoptosis. Phagosome quantification in vivo was performed to evaluate RPE cell function. Oxygen-glucose deprivation treatment was performed to mimic in vitro oxidative stress. Gene expression at mRNA level and protein level were performed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western Blot, respectively. The pigment epithelium derived factor (PEDF) level in the cultured medium was measured by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The interaction between miR-25 and integrin αV (IGTAV) / PEDF 3'UTR was examined by dual luciferase assay. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay was performed to examine its transcriptional regulation of miR-25. RESULTS Oxidative stress up-regulated miR-25 in RPE cells in very early stage, accompanied by decreased phagocytosis and reduced growth factor secretion in those cells. Such changes preceded RPE cell apoptosis and visual impairment in the SItreated rats. Furthermore, antagomiR-25 intervention effectively rescued RPE cells from degeneration in such model. The increased miR-25 was confirmed to mediate RPE degeneration through direct targeting IGTAV and PEDF. On the other hand, upstream, miR-25 was found to be up-regulated by STAT3 signaling under oxidative stress in both in vivo and in vitro models. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that, in SI-treated rats, oxidative stress activates STAT3 signaling which up-regulates miR-25 expression, in a very early stage. The increased miR-25 then inhibits ITGAV and PEDF expressions, resulting in RPE phagocytosis dysfunction and then RPE apoptosis and visual impairment as observed in patients with AMD. These findings lead us to a better understanding of AMD pathogenesis, and suggest that miR-25 could be a potential therapeutic target for oxidative stress related RPE diseases, like AMD.
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van Aartsen JJ, Moore CE, Parry CM, Turner P, Phot N, Mao S, Suy K, Davies T, Giess A, Sheppard AE, Peto TEA, Day NPJ, Crook DW, Walker AS, Stoesser N. Epidemiology of paediatric gastrointestinal colonisation by extended spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in north-west Cambodia. BMC Microbiol 2019; 19:59. [PMID: 30866820 PMCID: PMC6417137 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-019-1431-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance (ESC-R) in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae is a healthcare threat; high gastrointestinal carriage rates are reported from South-east Asia. Colonisation prevalence data in Cambodia are lacking. The aim of this study was to determine gastrointestinal colonisation prevalence of ESC-resistant E. coli (ESC-R-EC) and K. pneumoniae (ESC-R-KP) in Cambodian children/adolescents and associated socio-demographic risk factors; and to characterise relevant resistance genes, their genetic contexts, and the genetic relatedness of ESC-R strains using whole genome sequencing (WGS). RESULTS Faeces and questionnaire data were obtained from individuals < 16 years in north-western Cambodia, 2012. WGS of cultured ESC-R-EC/KP was performed (Illumina). Maximum likelihood phylogenies were used to characterise relatedness of isolates; ESC-R-associated resistance genes and their genetic contexts were identified from de novo assemblies using BLASTn and automated/manual annotation. 82/148 (55%) of children/adolescents were ESC-R-EC/KP colonised; 12/148 (8%) were co-colonised with both species. Independent risk factors for colonisation were hospitalisation (OR: 3.12, 95% CI [1.52-6.38]) and intestinal parasites (OR: 3.11 [1.29-7.51]); school attendance conferred decreased risk (OR: 0.44 [0.21-0.92]. ESC-R strains were diverse; the commonest ESC-R mechanisms were blaCTX-M 1 and 9 sub-family variants. Structures flanking these genes were highly variable, and for blaCTX-M-15, - 55 and - 27 frequently involved IS26. Chromosomal blaCTX-M integration was common in E. coli. CONCLUSIONS Gastrointestinal ESC-R-EC/KP colonisation is widespread in Cambodian children/adolescents; hospital admission and intestinal parasites are independent risk factors. The genetic contexts of blaCTX-M are highly mosaic, consistent with rapid horizontal exchange. Chromosomal integration of blaCTX-M may result in stable propagation in these community-associated pathogens.
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Wang Y, Yang Q, Li S, Luo R, Mao S, Shen J. Imaging features of combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma compared with those of hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma in a Chinese population. Clin Radiol 2019; 74:407.e1-407.e10. [PMID: 30799097 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2019.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine the enhanced computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of combined hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CC) in Chinese patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with histopathologically proven cHCC-CC (n=54) were compared with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC; n=41) and cholangiocellular carcinoma (CCC; n=41) patients. Clinical information was measured in all patients. Tumour size, tumour margins, signs of cirrhosis, pseudocapsule, capsular retraction, rim enhancement, intrahepatic biliary dilatation, portal vein thrombosis, upper abdominal lymphadenopathy, were assessed on CT and/or MRI. The dynamic pattern of enhancement was also assessed. RESULTS The majority (81.5%) of cHCC-CC patients had positive hepatitis B serology. The presence of cirrhosis and tumour blood vessels was comparable in cHCC-CC and HCC, but significantly lower in CCC (p>0.05). The presence of ill-defined margin and regional lymphadenopathy was comparable in cHCC-CC and CCC, but significantly lower in HCC (p>0.05). The pseudocapsule, capsular retraction, biliary dilatation, rim enhancement, and abnormal perfusion were significantly different between the three types of lesions, with cHCC-CC being intermediate between HCC and CCC. Nearly half of the cHCC-CC tumours (25; 46.3%) showed the wash-in and wash-out enhancement pattern; the gradual, persistent, and mixed patterns were seen in 12 (22.2%), 5 (9.3%), and 12 (22.2%) tumours, respectively. CONCLUSION The majority of cHCC-CC tumours occur against a background of positive hepatitis B serology and cirrhosis. Imaging findings vary widely between cHCC-CC tumours. In the present series, the enhancement pattern of cHCC-CC tumours was HCC-like in most cases.
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Mao S, Liu F, Wang XP, Wu LX, Zhang JH. Association between Ca/Mg/P status and suppurative tonsillitis in children. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2018; 32:881-885. [PMID: 30043571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Suppurative tonsillitis (ST) is a common respiratory disease in children. This study aims to investigate the association between calcium (Ca)/magnesium (Mg)/phosphorus (P) and the risk of onset of suppuration in tonsillitis in children. Seventy children with ST and 61 age- and sex-matched children with non-ST were enrolled in this study. The association between Ca/Mg/P and suppuration risk in tonsillitis was investigated. The relationship between Ca/Mg/P and the potential risk factors for ST were also studied. White blood cell (WBC), platelet (PLT), c-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) levels were significantly higher in the ST group than those in the non-ST group (p less than 0.05). Mg and P levels were significantly lower in the ST group than those in the non-ST group (p less than 0.05). There was no obvious difference in Ca level between the ST group and the non-ST group (p=0.762). A significantly negative association between P and PCT was noted (r=-0.236, p=0.035). The results indicated that Mg/P disorder may be associated with the susceptibility to suppuration in children with tonsillitis, inflammatory indexes may reflect this risk.
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Guo C, Li H, Sun D, Liu J, Mao S. Effects of abomasal supplementation of quercetin on performance, inflammatory cytokines, and matrix metalloproteinase genes expression in goats fed a high-grain diet. Livest Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Li H, Liu J, Zhu W, Mao S. Intraruminal infusion of oligofructose alters ruminal microbiota and induces acute laminitis in sheep. J Anim Sci 2017; 95:5407-5419. [PMID: 29293794 PMCID: PMC6292330 DOI: 10.2527/jas2017.1860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to examine the clinical response, changes in ruminal bacterial microbiota, and inflammatory response in lamellar tissues during oligofructose-induced laminitis. Ten fistulated sheep were randomly assigned into a control group ( = 5) and a treatment group ( = 5). The treatment group was infused with oligofructose (21 g/kg BW) by rumen cannula, and the control group was sham-treated with saline. Results showed that all 5 sheep treated with oligofructose developed anorexia and diarrhea 8 to 12 h after the administration of oligofructose. By 12 to 24 h after treatment, the treatment group developed lameness and roach back. Compared with the control group, oligofructose administration decreased ( < 0.001) the rumen pH and concentrations of total VFA and increased ( < 0.001) the level of lactic acid in the rumen. Microbial data analysis revealed that oligofructose infusion increased the abundance of ( = 0.009) and ( = 0.008) and decreased the percentage of unclassified Christensenellaceae ( = 0.028), unclassified Ruminococcaceae ( = 0.009), ( = 0.016), unclassified Lachnospiraceae ( = 0.009), and ( = 0.009) compared with the control group. Oligofructose infusion decreased the ACE ( = 0.047) and Shannon ( = 0.009) indices compared with the control group. The histomorphology analysis revealed that oligofructose overload resulted in damage to the dermoepidermal junction in the lamellar tissue of sheep. Quantitative real-time PCR results showed that compared with the control group, the mRNA expression of membrane-type metalloproteinase-1 ( = 0.049) was downregulated whereas the expression of proinflammatory IL-6 ( = 0.004) and matrix metalloprotease-9 ( = 0.037) was upregulated in the lamellar tissues of the oligofructose treatment group. In general, the present study provides the foundation for a sheep model of oligofructose-overload-induced acute laminitis that could be used in later experiments. Our findings suggest that intraruminal infusion of oligofructose altered ruminal microbiota and resulted in acute laminitis and that the inflammatory damage to the lamellae tissue may be related to the upregulation of matrix metalloprotease-9. The information generated will provide more insight into the systemic effects of lameness caused by oligofructose overload in sheep.
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Liu J, Bian G, Sun D, Zhu W, Mao S. Starter feeding altered ruminal epithelial bacterial communities and some key immune-related genes' expression before weaning in lambs. J Anim Sci 2017; 95:910-921. [PMID: 28380582 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2016.0985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
To characterize changes in ruminal epithelial bacterial communities and immune-related gene expression during concentrate starter feeding before weaning in lambs, 6 pairs of 10-d-old Hu lamb twins were selected: 1 kid received milk (M, = 6), and the other received milk plus starter (M+S, = 6). All lambs received hay and water ad libitum and were slaughtered at 56-d-old. Their rumen fluid was collected to determine ruminal pH and VFA levels; rumen epithelia were collected to characterize their bacterial communities using Illumina MiSeq sequencing and to determine mRNA expression of immune-related genes using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Results showed that starter feeding caused a decreased ruminal pH ( = 0.004) and increased concentrations of acetate, propionate, butyrate, and total VFA ( < 0.001). Principal coordinate analysis and analysis of molecular variance revealed that starter feeding affected ruminal epithelial bacterial communities in the lambs ( = 0.001), with higher relative abundance of dominant taxa , unclassified BS11 gut group, , unclassified Synergistaceae, , , , , and ( < 0.05) but lesser relative abundance of , unclassified Bacteroidales, unclassified Candidate, unclassified RF9, and ( < 0.05). Additionally, a phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states analysis indicated that starter feeding markedly increased relative abundance values of dominant ruminal epithelial bacterial-inferred genes related to other ion-coupled transporters, pentose and glucuronate interconversions, glycosyltransferases, other glycan degradation, AA metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, biotin metabolism, glycosphingolipid biosynthesis-globo series, and lysosome ( < 0.05) but decreased relative abundance values of genes related to carbon fixation pathways in prokaryotes and energy metabolism ( < 0.05) in the lambs. The qRT-PCR results showed that starter feeding decreased the relative mRNA expression of IL-6 ( = 0.003), IL-10 ( = 0.013), and interferon γ ( = 0.003). Collectively, this study showed that starter feeding could alter ruminal epithelial bacterial communities and some key immune-related genes' expression in preweaned lambs. All these responses of ruminal epithelial bacteria and the immune system would be beneficial for starter-fed lambs to be weaned.
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Liu J, Bian G, Sun D, Zhu W, Mao S. Starter feeding altered ruminal epithelial bacterial communities and some key immune-related genes’ expression before weaning in lambs. J Anim Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.2527/jas2016.0985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Hu WH, Chen L, Zou DY, Mao S, Qiao J. [Expression and regulation of CD36 mRNA in granulosa cells and its relation with clinical characteristics of polycystic ovary syndrome]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2016; 96:2002-5. [PMID: 27470958 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2016.25.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the expression of CD36 mRNA in granulosa cells (GCs) of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and the impact of testosterone, insulin and PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone on GCs. METHODS The expression of CD36 mRNA inGCs of patients with PCOS and normal controls were assayed byreal-time PCR.The level of CD36 mRNA after treatment with testosterone, insulin, and rosiglitazone in GCs ofnormal controls were also tested by real-time PCR. RESULTS (1) The expression of CD36mRNA in the GCs of PCOS was significantly higher than that of the controls (P<0.05). (2) When testosterone concentration was 1 nmol/L, CD36 mRNA increased in the GCs, but there was no significantdifference compared to the blank control, (P>0.05). When testosterone concentration was 10 nmol/L, the expression of CD36 mRNA in the GCs was higher than that in the blank control with significant difference (P<0.05). When insulin concentration was 10 nmol/L, the expression of CD36 mRNA increased but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). When insulin concentration was 100 nmol/L, the expression of CD36mRNA in the GCswas higher than that in the blank control (P=0.05). When rosiglitazone concentration was 1nmol/L, the expression of PPARγ mRNA in GCs were significantly increased compared with the blank control (P<0.05). The expression of CD36 mRNA atrosiglitazone concentrationof 10 nmol/Lwere significantly increased compared to the concentration of 1 nmol/L (P<0.05). CONCLUSION High testosterone and insulin induced the expression of CD36 mRNA.Rosiglitazone increased CD36 mRNA in a dose-related manner in GCs.Increased CD36 mRNA in the GCs of PCOS may be related to the clinical characteristics of PCOS.
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Boltnev RE, Bykhalo IB, Krushinskaya IN, Pelmenev AA, Mao S, Meraki A, McColgan PT, Lee DM, Khmelenko VV. Spectroscopic observation of nitrogen anions N(-) in solid matrices. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:16013-20. [PMID: 27241627 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp01080f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Analysis of old and recent experiments on thermoluminescence of cryocrystals and nanoclusters of N2, Ne, Ar, and Kr containing stabilized nitrogen atoms, suggests that the so-called γ-line may correspond to the bound-bound transition (1)D-(3)P of nitrogen anions N(-) formed in solids by the association of delocalized electrons and metastable nitrogen atoms N((2)D). The recent observations of the γ-line were accompanied by simultaneous luminescence of metastable nitrogen N((2)D) atoms and exoelectron emission. The fine structure of the γ-line at 793 nm has been experimentally observed and investigated for the first time.
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Wu F, Chen T, Mao S, Jiang H, Ding Q, Xu G. Levels of estradiol and testosterone are altered in Chinese men with sexual dysfunction. Andrology 2016; 4:932-8. [PMID: 27152758 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Guo J, Glass JO, McCarville MB, Shulkin BL, Daryani VM, Stewart CF, Wu J, Mao S, Dwek JR, Fayad LM, Madewell JE, Navid F, Daw NC, Reddick WE. Assessing vascular effects of adding bevacizumab to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in osteosarcoma using DCE-MRI. Br J Cancer 2015; 113:1282-8. [PMID: 26461056 PMCID: PMC4815789 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of bevacizumab alone and in combination with cytotoxic therapy on tumour vasculature in osteosarcoma (OS) using DCE-MRI. METHODS Six DCE-MRI and three (18)F-FDG PET examinations were scheduled in 42 subjects with newly diagnosed OS to monitor the response to antiangiogenic therapy alone and in combination with cytotoxic therapy before definitive surgery (week 10). Serial DCE-MRI parameters (K(trans), v(p), and v(e)) were examined for correlation with FDG-PET (SUV(max)) and association with drug exposure, and evaluated with clinical outcome. RESULTS K(trans) (P=0.041) and v(p) (P=0.001) significantly dropped from baseline at 24 h after the first dose of bevacizumab alone, but returned to baseline by 72 h. Greater exposure to bevacizumab was correlated with larger decreases in v(p) at day 5 (P=0.04) and week 10 (P=0.02). A lower K(trans) at week 10 was associated with greater percent necrosis (P=0.024) and longer event-free survival (P=0.034). CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to demonstrate significant changes of the plasma volume fraction and vascular leakage in OS with bevacizumab alone. The combination of demonstrated associations between drug exposure and imaging metrics, and imaging metrics and patient survival during neoadjuvant therapy, provides a compelling rationale for larger studies using DCE-MRI to assess vascular effects of therapy in OS.
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Sheludiakov S, Ahokas J, Järvinen J, Zvezdov D, Vainio O, Lehtonen L, Vasiliev S, Mao S, Khmelenko VV, Lee DM. Dynamic nuclear polarization of high-density atomic hydrogen in solid mixtures of molecular hydrogen isotopes. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 113:265303. [PMID: 25615349 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.265303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report on magnetic resonance studies of high-density atomic hydrogen and deuterium in solid hydrogen matrices at temperatures below 1 K. Average concentrations of H atoms ≈3×10(19) cm(-3) are obtained in chemical tunneling reactions of isotope exchange with D atoms. The products of these reactions are closely located pairs of H atoms near D2 molecules with strong exchange interactions. We discovered a dynamic nuclear polarization effect on H atoms created by pumping the center of the H electron spin resonance spectrum, similar to the Overhauser effect in metals. Our results indicate that H atoms may be arranged inside molecular matrices at separations equivalent to local concentrations of 2.6×10(21) cm(-3). This opens up a way to build a metallic state of atomic hydrogen at zero pressure.
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Mao S, Meraki A, McColgan PT, Shemelin V, Khmelenko VV, Lee DM. Experimental setup for investigation of nanoclusters at cryogenic temperatures by electron spin resonance and optical spectroscopies. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2014; 85:073906. [PMID: 25085151 DOI: 10.1063/1.4891189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We present the design and performance of an experimental setup for simultaneous electron spin resonance (ESR) and optical studies of nanoclusters with stabilized free radicals at cryogenic temperatures. A gas mixture of impurities and helium after passing through a RF discharge for dissociation of molecules is directed onto the surface of superfluid helium to form the nanoclusters of impurities. A specially designed ESR cavity operated in the TE011 mode allows optical access to the sample. The cavity is incorporated into a homemade insert which is placed inside a variable temperature insert of a Janis (4)He cryostat. The temperature range for sample investigation is 1.25-300 K. A Bruker EPR 300E and Andor 500i optical spectrograph incorporated with a Newton EMCCD camera are used for ESR and optical registration, respectively. The current experimental system makes it possible to study the ESR and optical spectra of impurity-helium condensates simultaneously. The setup allows a broad range of research at low temperatures including optically detected magnetic resonance, studies of chemical processes of the active species produced by photolysis in solid matrices, and investigations of nanoclusters produced by laser ablation in superfluid helium.
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Mao S, Wu H, Fang S, Lu M. SU-E-I-21: Deformation Mapping and Shape Prediction with 3D Tumor Volume Morphing. Med Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4887969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Sheludiakov S, Ahokas J, Vainio O, Järvinen J, Zvezdov D, Vasiliev S, Khmelenko VV, Mao S, Lee DM. Experimental cell for molecular beam deposition and magnetic resonance studies of matrix isolated radicals at temperatures below 1 K. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2014; 85:053902. [PMID: 24880382 DOI: 10.1063/1.4875985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We present the design and performance of an experimental cell constructed for matrix isolation studies of H and D atoms in solid H2/D2 films, which are created by molecular beam deposition at temperatures below 1 K. The sample cell allows sensitive weighing of the films by a quartz microbalance (QM) and their studies by magnetic resonance techniques in a strong magnetic field of 4.6 T. We are able to regulate the deposition rate in the range from 0.01 to 10 molecular layers/s, and measure the thickness with ≈0.2 monolayer resolution. The upper QM electrode serves as a mirror for a 128 GHz Fabry-Perot resonator connected to an electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometer. H and D atoms were created by RF discharge in situ in the sample cell, and characterized by ESR and electron-nuclear double resonance. From the magnetic resonance measurements we conclude that the films are smooth and provide homogeneous trapping conditions for embedded atoms. The current sample cell design also makes it possible to calibrate the ESR signal and estimate the average and local concentrations of H and D radicals in the film.
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Khmelenko VV, Mao S, Meraki A, Wilde SC, McColgan P, Pelmenev AA, Boltnev RE, Lee DM. Luminescence of oxygen atoms stimulated by metastable helium at cryogenic temperatures. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 111:183002. [PMID: 24237513 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.183002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We present investigations of the afterglow of oxygen-helium gas mixtures at cryogenic temperatures. The cooling of a helium jet containing trace amounts of oxygen after passing through a radio frequency discharge zone led to the observation of strong emissions from atomic oxygen. The effect results from the increasing efficiency of energy transfer from metastable helium atoms and molecules to oxygen impurities in the cold dense helium vapor. This effect might find an application for the detection of small quantities of the impurities in helium gas.
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Hao S, Cui L, Jiang D, Han X, Ren Y, Jiang J, Liu Y, Liu Z, Mao S, Wang Y, Li Y, Ren X, Ding X, Wang S, Yu C, Shi X, Du M, Yang F, Zheng Y, Zhang Z, Li X, Brown DE, Li J. A Transforming Metal Nanocomposite with Large Elastic Strain, Low Modulus, and High Strength. Science 2013; 339:1191-4. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1228602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Niu Y, Shen Z, Xu C, Li C, Liu X, Teng Y, Chen H, Li L, Cheng H, Yang X, Mao S. Establishment of Tacrolimus-Induced Diabetes in Rat Model and Assessment of Clinical Treatments for Post-Transplant Diabetes Mellitus in Liver Transplant Recipients. Clin Lab 2013; 59:869-74. [DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2012.120913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Giuliano M, Christiny PI, Zhang X, Mao S, Contreras A, Lewis MT, Rimawi MF, Osborne CK, Schiff R, Trivedi MV. P4-07-03: Identification of Triple-Negative Primary Breast Cancer Xenograft Models with High Numbers of Circulating and Disseminated Tumor Cells. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs11-p4-07-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Primary breast cancer xenografts, in which tumors are grown directly from patients and which maintain their original genotype and phenotype, have the potential to facilitate the study of tumor biology and progression. These models can also be instrumental in the discovery of novel therapeutic targets especially for the triple-negative (ER-, PR- and HER2−negative, TN) breast cancer. TN breast cancer is associated with high numbers of circulating and disseminated tumor cells (CTCs and DTCs), which predict poor outcome in patients and may play a role in tumor progression. However, isolation and detection of human CTCs and DTCs in these xenograft models have been challenging even with EpCAM-based enrichment methods. The goal of this study was to determine if CTCs and DTCs could be identified using human pan-CK staining in a panel of triple-negative primary breast cancer xenograft lines, which could then be employed to study the biology of these cells and to test novel therapies.
Methods: We screened 13 stable primary transplantable xenograft lines (1-6 mice per line), established by directly transplanting ethnically diverse triple-negative tumor samples into the epithelium-free mammary fat pads of SCID/Beige mice, for the presence of CTCs and DTCs. The triple-negative status was maintained in these xenograft lines over serial passages. To detect CTCs, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from the blood collected from the inferior vena cava either by Ficoll gradient or RBC lysis, with a typical yield of 500,000 PBMCs in 500 μl of blood. Subsequently, PBMCs were immunostained for the presence of CTCs, which were defined as the cells positive for cytoplasmic human pan-cytokeratin staining and nuclear (DAPI/hematoxylin) counter stain. We also flushed the femurs and tibias of 7 xenograft lines to harvest bone marrow cells (BMCs) for the detection of DTCs using the same staining procedure. A xenograft line was considered positive for CTCs or DTCs if they were detected in at least 25% of mice. The presence of lung metastases was assessed in all the xenograft lines by histological examination.
Results: We detected CTCs (range: 1–128/20,000 PBMCs) in 6 out of 13 xenograft lines (46%) and DTCs (range: 1–21/20,000 BMCs) in 5 out of 7 (71%) lines. Interestingly, 4 of the 5 DTC-positive lines also had detectable CTCs. High numbers of CTCs (>20/20,000 PBMCs) were found in 3 xenograft lines, one of which also had high numbers of DTCs (>20/20,000 BMCs). No human pan-CK+ cells were detected in PBMCs and/or BMCs from 5 control mice without tumors. Among 13 xenograft lines, lung metastases were found in 5 lines (38%), of which 3 had detectable CTCs or DTCs. Of the 3 xenograft lines containing high CTCs and/or DTCs, 2 had lung metastases.
Conclusion: In summary, human pan-CK staining can effectively detect CTCs and DTCs in isolated PBMCs and BMCs of mice bearing triple-negative primary breast cancer xenografts. These xenograft lines with detectable CTCs and DTCs may represent a valuable preclinical model for detailed characterization of human CTCs and DTCs and for the discovery of new therapeutic targets for the triple-negative breast cancer.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-07-03.
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