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Kim JH, Seong MW, Lee KE, Choi HJ, Ku EJ, Bae JH, Park SS, Choi SH, Kim SW, Shin C, Kim SY. Germline mutations and genotype-phenotype correlations in patients with apparently sporadic pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma in Korea. Clin Genet 2013; 86:482-6. [PMID: 24134185 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2013] [Revised: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of our study was to assess the frequency of germline mutations and develop the genetic testing strategy in patients with apparently sporadic pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma (PPGL) in Korea. We included 53 patients diagnosed with non-syndromic PPGL without a family history of PPGLs in three referral centers from 2004 to 2011. Succinate dehydrogenase complex B (SDHB), SDHD, Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL), and rearranged during transfection (RET) genes were examined by direct sequencing and multiple ligation-dependent probe amplification. The study patients were composed of 26 men and 27 women, and mean age was 50.1 ± 13.5 years. The frequency of germline mutations was 13.2% (7/53): RET (n = 2), VHL (n = 1), SDHB (n = 2), and SDHD (n = 2). Six of seven mutation carriers were diagnosed before the age of 50. One of two patients harboring an SDHB mutation had malignant PPGLs. One patient with multifocal head and neck paraganglioma (PGL) and pheochromocytoma (PHEO) carried a SDHD mutation. The carriers of germline mutations in patients with apparently sporadic PPGL were 13.2% in our study. We recommend genetic testing in patients below 50 years and SDHD genetic testing in patients with multifocal PPGLs. In malignant PPGLs, SDHB genetic testing may be performed.
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Park SS, Kim DH, Jeon YP, Kim TW. Enhancement of the stabilization in white organic light-emitting diodes utilizing a color conversion layer containing CdSe/ZnS quantum dots. JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2013; 13:7194-7197. [PMID: 24245227 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2013.8162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
White organic light emitting diodes (WOLEDs) were fabricated utilizing blue emitting organic light emitting diodes and color conversion layers containing CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs). The best color purity of the WOLEDs was achieved by using the red and green QDs ratio of 1:9.5. Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage coordinates of the WOLEDs slightly shifted from (0.35, 0.33) to (0.35, 0.32) with increasing applied voltage from 9 to 14 V, indicative of a deep stabilized white color. Color tunable mechanisms of WOLEDs with a color conversion layer containing CdSe/ZnS QDs are described on the basis of the experimental results.
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Park SS, Sanders DB, Smith BP, Ryan J, Plasencia J, Osborn MB, Wellnitz CM, Southard RN, Pierce CN, Arabia FA, Lane J, Frakes D, Velez DA, Pophal SG, Nigro JJ. Total artificial heart in the pediatric patient with biventricular heart failure. Perfusion 2013; 29:82-8. [PMID: 23868320 DOI: 10.1177/0267659113496580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical circulatory support emerged for the pediatric population in the late 1980s as a bridge to cardiac transplantation. The Total Artificial Heart (TAH-t) (SynCardia Systems Inc., Tuscon, AZ) has been approved for compassionate use by the Food and Drug Administration for patients with end-stage biventricular heart failure as a bridge to heart transplantation since 1985 and has had FDA approval since 2004. However, of the 1,061 patients placed on the TAH-t, only 21 (2%) were under the age 18. SynCardia Systems, Inc. recommends a minimum patient body surface area (BSA) of 1.7 m(2), thus, limiting pediatric application of this device. This unique case report shares this pediatric institution's first experience with the TAH-t. A 14-year-old male was admitted with dilated cardiomyopathy and severe biventricular heart failure. The patient rapidly decompensated, requiring extracorporeal life support. An echocardiogram revealed severe biventricular dysfunction and diffuse clot formation in the left ventricle and outflow tract. The decision was made to transition to biventricular assist device. The biventricular failure and clot formation helped guide the team to the TAH-t, in spite of a BSA (1.5 m(2)) below the recommendation of 1.7 m(2). A computed tomography (CT) scan of the thorax, in conjunction with a novel three-dimensional (3D) modeling system and team, assisted in determining appropriate fit. Chest CT and 3D modeling following implantation were utilized to determine all major vascular structures were unobstructed and the bronchi were open. The virtual 3D model confirmed appropriate device fit with no evidence of compression to the left pulmonary veins. The postoperative course was complicated by a left lung opacification. The left lung anomalies proved to be atelectasis and improved with aggressive recruitment maneuvers. The patient was supported for 11 days prior to transplantation. Chest CT and 3D modeling were crucial in assessing whether the device would fit, as well as postoperative complications in this smaller pediatric patient.
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Sanders DB, Sowell SR, Park SS, Derby C, Willis BC, Lane JE, Pierce CN, Arabia FA, Pophal SG, Nigro JJ. The failing Fontan: what’s NEXT…? Perfusion 2013; 29:89-93. [DOI: 10.1177/0267659113495913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Fontan procedure represents the final stage of the transition to single ventricle physiology. Conversion of very complex congenital heart anatomy, such as hypoplastic left heart syndrome, double-outlet right ventricle or double-inlet left ventricle, to a single ventricle has grown in popularity as morbidity and mortality have improved. As these patients grow, survivors are at risk for impaired ventricular dysfunction, plastic bronchitis, protein-losing enteropathy and late failure. Late failing Fontan patients represent a particularly vexing scenario for clinicians, as the only durable treatment option is cardiac transplantation. However, in the short-term, some of these patients require support beyond medical management, with mechanical circulatory support via extracorporeal life support or a ventricular assist device. We report the successful bridge of an adolescent female post-Fontan conversion with late severe cardiac failure. The patient was initially resuscitated with extracorporeal life support, transitioned to a single Berlin Heart EXCOR® ventricular assist device and, subsequently, underwent successful cardiac transplantation.
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Lee HY, Seong MW, Park SS, Hwang SS, Lee J, Park YS, Lee CH, Lee SM, Yoo CG, Kim YW, Han SK, Yim JJ. Diagnostic accuracy of Xpert® MTB/RIF on bronchoscopy specimens in patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2013; 17:917-21. [PMID: 23621953 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.12.0885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the diagnostic accuracy of the Xpert® MTB/RIF assay using samples obtained through bronchoscopy in patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). DESIGN We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients with suspected PTB for whom the Xpert MTB/RIF assay was performed on bronchoscopy specimens. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) for the diagnosis of active PTB were calculated for acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear microscopy and the Xpert assay using culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from sputum or bronchoscopy specimens as a reference standard. RESULTS A total of 132 patients were included in the final analysis. Of these, 38 had culture-confirmed PTB. The sensitivity of the Xpert assay using bronchial washing or bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid for the diagnosis of PTB was 81.6%, and specificity was 100%. The PPV and NPV were 100% and 92.1%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of AFB smear microscopy were respectively 13.2% and 98.8%. CONCLUSION The Xpert assay on bronchoscopy specimens provided an accurate diagnosis of PTB in patients who had a negative AFB smear or who could not produce sputum.
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Stamper BD, Mecham B, Park SS, Wilkerson H, Farin FM, Beyer RP, Bammler TK, Mangravite LM, Cunningham ML. Transcriptome correlation analysis identifies two unique craniosynostosis subtypes associated with IRS1 activation. Physiol Genomics 2012; 44:1154-63. [PMID: 23073384 PMCID: PMC3544483 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00085.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of causal mechanisms associated with nonsyndromic craniosynostosis has proven to be a difficult task due to the complex nature of the disease. In this study, differential transcriptome correlation analysis was used to identify two molecularly distinct subtypes of nonsyndromic craniosynostosis, termed subtype A and subtype B. In addition to unique correlation structure, subtype A was also associated with high IGF pathway expression, whereas subtype B was associated with high integrin expression. To identify a pathologic link between altered gene correlation/expression and the disease state, phosphorylation assays were performed on primary osteoblast cell lines derived from cases within subtype A or subtype B, as well as on primary osteoblast cell lines with novel IGF1R variants previously reported by our lab (Cunningham ML, Horst JA, Rieder MJ, Hing AV, Stanaway IB, Park SS, Samudrala R, Speltz ML. Am J Med Genet A 155A: 91-97, 2011). Elevated IRS1 (pan-tyr) and GSK3β (ser-9) phosphorylation were observed in two novel IGF1R variants with receptor L domain mutations. In subtype A, a hypomineralization phenotype coupled with decreased phosphorylation of IRS1 (ser-312), p38 (thr-180/tyr-182), and p70S6K (thr-412) was observed. In subtype B, decreased phosphorylation of IRS1 (ser-312) as well as increased phosphorylation of Akt (ser-473), GSK3β (ser-9), IGF1R (tyr-1135/tyr-1136), JNK (thr-183/tyr-187), p70S6K (thr-412), and pRPS6 (ser-235/ser-236) was observed, thus implicating the activation of IRS1-mediated Akt signaling in potentiating craniosynostosis in this subtype. Taken together, these results suggest that despite the stimulation of different pathways, activating phosphorylation patterns for IRS1 were consistent in cell lines from both subtypes and the IGF1R variants, thus implicating a key role for IRS1 in the pathogenesis of nonsyndromic craniosynostosis.
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Kim SY, Kim H, Kim SY, Ra EK, Joo SI, Shin S, Seong MW, Yoo CG, Kim EC, Park SS. The Xpert® MTB/RIF assay evaluation in South Korea, a country with an intermediate tuberculosis burden. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2012; 16:1471-6. [PMID: 22981162 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.11.0602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING A central hospital laboratory in South Korea. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the usefulness of the Xpert® MTB/RIF assay in a country with an intermediate tuberculosis burden. DESIGN A total of 71 real-time polymerase chain reaction-positive sputum sediments were tested within 24 h by the Xpert MTB/RIF assay. Mycobacterium tuberculosis detection was compared with smear microscopy and culture. Rifampicin (RMP) resistance was compared with a culture-based method and rpoB gene sequencing. We also assessed the limit of detection for mutant proportions and time savings in diagnosis. RESULTS The Xpert MTB/RIF assay detected M. tuberculosis in 71 (100%) specimens (32 smear-positive, 39 smear-negative). This assay showed 100% (62/62) concordance with drug resistance confirmed by culture and 98.4% (61/62) concordance with sequencing. A specimen containing approximately 50% of mutant p.His526Tyr was falsely interpreted as wild-type bacilli by this assay. The minimal detection ratio was 5:1 of mutant vs. wild-type cells. The median time saved was 18.5 days (range 9-30) for the diagnosis of M. tuberculosis and 81.5 days (65-136) for RMP susceptibility in smear-negative, culture-positive patients. CONCLUSIONS The Xpert MTB/RIF assay showed high sensitivity in detecting M. tuberculosis with information on RMP resistance, and had a more rapid time to diagnosis compared to conventional tests; however, the location and amount of mutation may affect test sensitivity.
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Seo SH, Ahn HS, Yu YS, Kang HJ, Park KD, Cho SI, Park JS, Hyun YJ, Kim JY, Seong MW, Park SS. Mutation spectrum of RB1 gene in Korean bilateral retinoblastoma patients using direct sequencing and gene dosage analysis. Clin Genet 2012; 83:494-6. [PMID: 22963398 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2012.01954.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Revised: 07/24/2012] [Accepted: 08/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Jeon K, Choi WI, An JS, Lim SY, Kim WJ, Park GM, Park SS, Choi HS, Lee BH, Choi JC, Na MJ, Park J, Kim JY. Paradoxical response in HIV-negative patients with pleural tuberculosis: a retrospective multicentre study. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2012; 16:846-51. [PMID: 22507441 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.11.0642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the incidence, clinical characteristics and predicting factors for the development of paradoxical response in human immunodeficiency virus negative patients with isolated pleural tuberculosis (TB). DESIGN A multicentre, retrospective cohort study including 458 patients who were diagnosed and treated with isolated pleural TB between March 2005 and February 2010. RESULTS Paradoxical response developed in 72 patients (16%) with isolated pleural TB. The mean time to development of paradoxical response was 8.8 ± 6.4 weeks after initiation of anti-tuberculosis treatment. The main presentation of paradoxical response was aggravation of pre-existing pleural effusion in 58 patients (81%). However, the majority of the patients who developed paradoxical response had no associated symptoms (n = 49, 68%). In multiple logistic regression analysis, development of paradoxical response was independently associated with the proportion of eosinophils (adjusted OR 1.293, 95%CI 1.077-1.553) and protein concentrations (adjusted OR 0.590, 95%CI 0.397-0.878) in the pleural fluid at the time of diagnosis. CONCLUSION Paradoxical response developed in 16% of the patients approximately 2 months after initiation of anti-tuberculosis treatment, presenting with aggravation of pre-existing pleural effusion. Development of paradoxical response was associated with the proportion of eosinophils and protein concentrations in the pleural fluid at the time of diagnosis.
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Mehrpouya M, Park SS. Prediction of atomic force microscope probe dynamics through the receptance coupling method. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2011; 82:125001. [PMID: 22225241 DOI: 10.1063/1.3664787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The increased growth in the use of tip-based sensing, manipulations, and fabrication of devices in atomic force microscopy (AFM) necessitates the accurate prediction of the dynamic behavior of the AFM probe. The chip holder, to which the micro-sensing device is attached, and the rest of the AFM system can affect the overall dynamics of the probe. In order to consider these boundary effects, we propose a novel receptance coupling method to mathematically combine the dynamics of the AFM setup and probe, based on the equilibrium and compatibility conditions at the joint. Once the frequency response functions of displacement over force at the tool tip are obtained, the dynamic interaction forces between the tip and the sample in nanoscale can be determined by measuring the probe tip displacement.
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Choi KJ, Lee HS, Yoon YS, Park SS, Kim JS, Jeong JJ, Choi YR. Distal metatarsal osteotomy for hallux varus following surgery for hallux valgus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 93:1079-83. [PMID: 21768632 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.93b8.26430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We reviewed the outcome of distal chevron metatarsal osteotomy without tendon transfer in 19 consecutive patients (19 feet) with a hallux varus deformity following surgery for hallux valgus. All patients underwent distal chevron metatarsal osteotomy with medial displacement and a medial closing wedge osteotomy along with a medial capsular release. The mean hallux valgus angle improved from -11.6° pre-operatively to 4.7° postoperatively, the mean first-second intermetatarsal angle improved from -0.3° to 3.3° and the distal metatarsal articular angle from 9.5° to 2.3° and the first metatarsophalangeal joints became congruent post-operatively in all 19 feet. The mean relative length ratio of the metatarsus decreased from 1.01 to 0.99 and the mean American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society score improved from 77 to 95 points. In two patients the hallux varus recurred. One was symptom-free but the other remained symptomatic after a repeat distal chevron osteotomy. There were no other complications. We consider that distal chevron metatarsal osteotomy with a medial wedge osteotomy and medial capsular release is a useful procedure for the correction of hallux varus after surgery for hallux valgus.
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Yoon SH, Kim JH, Shin BK, Park SS, Shin DW, Lee HS. Effects of anatase-rutile phase transition and grain growth with WO 3on thermal stability for TiO 2SCR catalyst. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN CRYSTAL GROWTH AND CRYSTAL TECHNOLOGY 2011. [DOI: 10.6111/jkcgct.2011.21.4.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Kim SY, Seong MW, Jeon BS, Kim SY, Ko HS, Kim JY, Park SS. Phase analysis identifies compound heterozygous deletions of the PARK2 gene in patients with early-onset Parkinson disease. Clin Genet 2011; 82:77-82. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2011.01693.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Jeong JC, Lee H, Lee SW, Park JY, Ahn SY, Park H, Kim EC, Park SS, Ahn C, Oh KH. Fungal peritonitis due to Scedosporium prolificans. Perit Dial Int 2011; 31:213-5. [PMID: 21427256 DOI: 10.3747/pdi.2009.00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Lee YJ, Park SS, Kim SY, Lee JY, Koo HK, Yoon HI. A case of systemic polyarteritis nodosa involving bronchial artery. SARCOIDOSIS, VASCULITIS, AND DIFFUSE LUNG DISEASES : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF WASOG 2010; 27:164-168. [PMID: 21319600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a systemic necrotizing vasculitis involving predominantly medium-sized muscular arteries. It commonly involves skin, kidney, cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal system, and neurological system. But bronchial artery involvement of PAN is rarely identified. We report a case of PAN with initial presentation of hemoptysis. On admission, chest radiograph and chest CT angiography revealed no focus of bleeding. Angiography showed a bronchial artery aneurysm and multiple arterial aneurysms in both renal, hepatic, mesenteric and branches of small bowel arteries. These findings were compatible with the diagnosis of PAN. The patient was started on steroid and cyclophosphamide.
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Malekian M, Trieu D, Owoc JS, Park SS, Hunter CJ. Investigation of the intervertebral disc and fused joint dynamics through experimental modal analysis and the receptance coupling method. J Biomech Eng 2010; 132:041004. [PMID: 20387967 DOI: 10.1115/1.4001114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Identification of intervertebral disc (IVD) dynamics is important in understanding the spine mechanism and behavior. This paper experimentally identifies the dynamics of the bovine caudal IVD using experimental modal analysis and the inverse receptance coupling method. Experimental modal analysis was performed on free-free mounted bovine caudal vertebrae joined by an IVD and a fused IVD joint. Shear, rotational, and axial dynamics of the joints are identified by curve fitting of the frequency response functions, and identifying the damping ratio, stiffness, and modal frequency in each axis. The identified dynamics are compared with the IVD joints with and without fusion. Results provide important insight into IVD dynamics and fused IVD dynamics. This method can be extended to identify human IVD joint dynamics.
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Seong MW, Cho S, Noh DY, Han W, Kim SW, Park CM, Park HW, Kim SY, Kim JY, Park SS. Comprehensive mutational analysis of BRCA1/BRCA2 for Korean breast cancer patients: evidence of a founder mutation. Clin Genet 2009; 76:152-60. [PMID: 19656164 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2009.01202.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are the strongest susceptibility genes identified for breast cancer worldwide. However, BRCA1/BRCA2 have been incompletely investigated due to their large size and the genomic rearrangements that occasionally occur within them. Here we performed a comprehensive mutational analysis for BRCA1/BRCA2 in 206 Korean patients with breast cancer. We analyzed all exons and flanking regions of BRCA1/BRCA2 by direct sequencing and screened deletions or duplications involving BRCA1/BRCA2 by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. We reconstructed haplotypes using intragenic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to investigate the possibility of a founder effect among recurrent mutations. In our series, 38 patients (18.4%) had one or more BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations including 10 novel ones. Three additional patients carried novel distinct unclassified variants with potentially harmful effects. No large deletions or duplications involving BRCA1/BRCA2 were identified in our series. Haplotype analyses and allele separation suggested that the most frequent mutation in Koreans, BRCA2:c.7480C>T, might have originated from a common ancestor. BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations were more frequent in a group with family history, bilateral cancer or multiple site cancer than in a group without the risk factors described or an unknown risk group. In contrast, mutation frequencies in the early-onset cancer group were not higher than in the unknown risk group. Our results will be helpful to understand the mutation spectrum in BRCA1/BRCA2 genes and establish a genetic screening strategy. In addition, this study suggests the possibility of the first true founder mutation of BRCA1/BRCA2 identified in the Korean population.
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Kim JY, Kim SY, Kim JM, Kim YK, Yoon KY, Kim JY, Lee BC, Kim JS, Paek SH, Park SS, Kim SE, Jeon BS. Spinocerebellar ataxia type 17 mutation as a causative and susceptibility gene in parkinsonism. Neurology 2009; 72:1385-9. [PMID: 19380697 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181a18876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of spinocerebellar ataxia type 17 (SCA17) in the development of parkinsonism. METHOD We screened 1,155 parkinsonian patients (931 with Parkinson disease and 224 with multiple system atrophy) and 400 normal subjects for SCA17. 99mTc-TRODAT-1 SPECT was used to evaluate the striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) status. RESULTS Trinucleotide expansion in the SCA17 gene was found in 10 parkinsonian patients (8 with Parkinson disease, 2 with multiple system atrophy) using 42 repeats as an upper normal limit. The repeat sizes in the patients ranged from 43 to 46, which are considered to be low-range expansions. All patients had interrupted sequences. Three probands and three asymptomatic carriers underwent 99mTc-TRODAT-1 SPECT. Striatal DAT binding was markedly reduced in all probands and mildly decreased in one asymptomatic carrier. Among the 400 normal control subjects, there was one individual with an expansion of 44 repeats, another with 43 repeats, and two with 42 repeats. Striatal DAT binding was decreased not only in the control subjects with 44 or 43 repeats, but in ones with 42 repeats, suggesting that an expansion as low as 42 repeats might constitute a susceptibility gene for parkinsonism. CONCLUSIONS Low-range expansion of the SCA17 gene is not a rare genetic cause of parkinsonism without ataxia in our population. Reduced penetrance or variable expressivity in low-range expansion might be an explanation for the blurred cutoff point for normal expansion in SCA17.
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Kim JM, Choi BD, Kim BC, Park SS, Hong KC. Associations of the variation in the porcine myogenin gene with muscle fibre characteristics, lean meat production and meat quality traits. J Anim Breed Genet 2009; 126:134-41. [PMID: 19320770 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0388.2008.00724.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Pig breeding is aimed at improving lean meat production ability as well as meat quality, and muscle fibre characteristics may be important for enhancing these traits. Therefore, new molecular markers have been demanded for selecting lean meat production ability and meat quality in live animals. Myogenin belongs to the MyoD gene family, and is a candidate gene responsible for muscle fibre characteristics. We identified a new single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) site in the 5' upstream region of the myogenin gene (nucleotides C and T). A total of 252 pigs of three breeds were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism using BspCNI. Additionally, they were genotyped for the previously detected MspI site in the 3'-flanking region (alleles A and B). The CCBB diplotype had the highest frequency over breeds, followed by TCBB and CCAB. The other diplotypes were not found in studied pigs. Association analysis performed for the markers found that the TCBB diplotype has desirable effects on the total number of fibres (p < 0.002), fibre cross-sectional area (p < 0.06), and loin eye area (p < 0.001) than the other diplotypes. Moreover, the diplotype had the highest muscle pH value (p < 0.07) and all meat quality traits were near the upper limit of the normal range as a reddish pink, firm and non-exudative (RFN) pork. Therefore, we suggest that selection for the myogenin diplotypes could improve total muscle fibre number, size and lean meat production ability with good meat quality.
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Kwak KH, Han CG, Lee SH, Jeon Y, Park SS, Kim SO, Baek WY, Hong JG, Lim DG. Reactive oxygen species in rats with chronic post-ischemia pain. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2009; 53:648-56. [PMID: 19419360 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.2009.01937.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An emerging theme in the study of the pathophysiology of persistent pain is the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In the present study, we examined the hypothesis that the exogenous supply of antioxidant drugs during peri-reperfusion would attenuate pain induced by ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury. We investigated the analgesic effects of three antioxidants administered during peri-reperfusion using an animal model of complex regional pain syndrome-type I consisting of chronic post-ischemia pain (CPIP) of the hind paw. METHODS Application of a tight-fitting tourniquet for a period of 3 h produced CPIP in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Low-dose allopurinol (4 mg/kg), high-dose allopurinol (40 mg/kg), superoxide dismutase (SOD, 4000 U/kg), N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 10 mg/kg), or SOD (4000 U/kg)+L-NAME (10 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally just after tourniquet application and at 1 and 2 days after reperfusion for 3 days. The effects of antioxidants in rats were investigated using mechanical and cold stimuli. Each group consisted of seven rats. RESULTS Allopurinol caused significant alleviation in mechanical and cold allodynia for a period of 4 weeks in rats with CPIP. Both SOD and L-NAME, which were used to investigate the roles of superoxide (O2(-)) and nitric oxide (NO) in pain, also attenuated neuropathic-like pain symptoms in rats for 4 weeks. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that O2(-) and NO mediate IR injury-induced chronic pain, and that ROS scavengers administered during the peri-reperfusion period have long-term analgesic effects.
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Kim IY, Yoo MK, Seo JH, Park SS, Na HS, Lee HC, Kim SK, Cho CS. Evaluation of semi-interpenetrating polymer networks composed of chitosan and poloxamer for wound dressing application. Int J Pharm 2007; 341:35-43. [PMID: 17482781 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2007.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2006] [Revised: 03/22/2007] [Accepted: 03/28/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We have elsewhere reported the work on the preparation of semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (SIPNs) composed of chitosan (CS) and poloxamer to improve the mechanical strength of CS sponge. This study focuses on evaluation of the CS/poloxamer SIPNs to intend for wound dressing application and the efficacy of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-loaded CS/poloxamer SIPNs in the wound model studies. The properties required for ideal wound dressing, such as equilibrium water content (EWC), water absorption (A(w)), water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), and evaporative water loss, were examined. The CS/poloxamer SIPNs were found to have a water content of 90% of their weight which could prevent the wound bed from accumulation of exudates and also have excellent water adsorption. The WVTR of CS/poloxamer SIPNs was found to be 2,508.2+/-65.7gm(-2)day(-1), indicating that the SIPNs can maintain a moist environment over wound bed in moderate to heavily exuding wound which enhances epithelial cell migration during the healing process. Also, the CS/poloxamer SIPNs in vitro assessment showed proper biodegradation and low cytotoxicity for wound dressing application. The wound healing efficacy of CS/poloxamer SIPNs as a wound dressing was evaluated on experimental full thickness wounds in a mouse model. It was found that the wounds covered with CS/poloxamer SIPNs or DHEA-loaded CS/poloxamer SIPNs were completely filled with new epithelium without any significant adverse reactions after 3 weeks. The results thus indicate that CS/poloxamer SIPNs could be employed in the future as potential wound dressing materials.
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Woo SJ, Kim JY, Kim DM, Park SS, Ko HS, Yoo T. Investigation of the association between 677C>T and 1298A>C 5,10-methylenetetra- hydrofolate reductase gene polymorphisms and normal-tension glaucoma. Eye (Lond) 2007; 23:17-24. [PMID: 17618244 DOI: 10.1038/sj.eye.6702920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Homozygous polymorphism of the 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene and resultant hyperhomocysteinaemia have been established as an independent risk factor for vascular diseases. There are evidences that vascular abnormalities are involved in the pathogenesis and progression of normal-tension glaucoma (NTG). In the present study, we were to find out the associations between 677C>T and 1298A>C polymorphisms of the MTHFR gene and NTG. METHODS This was a retrospective, case-controlled study enrolling 78 NTG patients and 100 controls. DNA from peripheral blood lymphocytes was extracted and the genotypes of polymorphisms (677C>T and 1298A>C) in the MTHFR gene were determined using PCR followed by restriction enzyme digestion. The frequencies of the polymorphic genotypes in the patients with NTG and controls were compared. RESULTS The frequencies of the polymorphisms of the MTHFR gene (677C>T and 1298A>C) in the NTG patients were not significantly different from those of controls. But the younger NTG patients (age at diagnosis < or = 45 years) showed significantly higher prevalence of 677C>T polymorphism than the older NTG patients (age at diagnosis > 45 years) (TT genotype, 38.9 vs 11.9%, P=0.006, OR=4.71, 95% CI=1.49-14.9) and than the younger control subgroup (TT genotype, 38.9 vs 6.1%, P=0.001, OR=9.86, 95% CI=2.23-42.4). CONCLUSIONS The 677C>T polymorphism was significantly associated with NTG in the younger patients, while 1298A>C polymorphism was not. This suggests that 677C>T polymorphism of the MTHFR gene can be a genetic risk factor of NTG in Korean population.
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Oh SC, Sur HY, Sung HJ, Choi IK, Park SS, Seo JH, Jeen YT, Chun HJ, Shin SW, Mok YJ, Kim JS, Kim YH. A phase II study of biweekly dose-intensified oral capecitabine plus irinotecan (bXELIRI) for patients with advanced or metastatic gastric cancer. Br J Cancer 2007; 96:1514-9. [PMID: 17473829 PMCID: PMC2359951 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6603752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Capecitabine, a prodrug of 5-FU, has been reported to generate maximal tumour activity at tumour sites and/or to improve drug tolerability as compared with 5-FU infusion, and it has also been demonstrated to act synergistically with irinotecan against some solid cancers. A previous study concluded that dose-intensified biweekly capecitabine seems to be more effective at increasing both response rate and progression-free survival time than conventional dose and schedule of capecitabine in colon cancer. We conducted this study to ascertain the efficacy and toxicity of dose-intensified biweekly capecitabine and irinotecan combination chemotherapy in chemotherapy-naïve advanced or metastatic gastric cancer patients. Patients were treated with irinotecan 130 mg m−2 intravenously for 90 min on days 1 and 15. Capecitabine at 3500 mg m−2 day−1, divided into two sessions per day, was administered for seven consecutive days from days 1 and 15, and followed by a 7-day drug-free period, respectively. Fifty-five eligible patients were enrolled in this study from November 2003 to April 2006. There were 22 women and 33 men: median patient age was 54 years (range: 27–81). A total of 200 treatment cycles were administered at a median number of four per patient (range: 1–9). Intent-to-treatment analysis showed that one patient achieved complete response (1.8%), 23 partial response (41.8%), 15 stable disease (27.3%), 10 progressive disease (18.2%) and 6 were non-evaluable (10.9%). The overall response rate was 43.6% (95% confidence interval: 30.2–56.9). The common grade 3–4 toxicities were neutropenia in 12 (21.8%), nausea/vomiting in 3 (5.4%) and diarrhea in 4 (7.2%) patients. Median time to progression was 5 months (range: 0.5–11 months), median survival duration was 11 months (range: 0.5–45 months) and median response duration was 6 months (range: 0.5–9 months). Biweekly dose-intensified capecitabine and irinotecan combination chemotherapy was active for the treatment of advanced or metastatic gastric cancers with a tolerable safety profile.
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Hwang CN, Hong S, Choi SS, Lee KS, Park SS, Lee SH. Dual reporter genes enabling cell tracing with viable and reliable selection of various cell types. Biotechnol Lett 2006; 28:287-93. [PMID: 16614914 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-005-5715-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2005] [Accepted: 11/28/2005] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Dual reporter genes driven by either a ubiquitous cytomegalovirus (CMV) or a neuro-specific tubulin alpha1 promoter (Talpha1) were constructed. The new genes, CMV (pCMV-GL) or Talpha1 promoter-driven GFP-LacZ (pTalpha1-GL), robustly expressed the fused GFP-LacZ protein reporting constitutive expressions in various cell types including CHO cells, loach and chicken embryos, and neuro-specific expression in differentiating mouse embryonic stem cells, respectively. The dual reporter genes thus provide a versatile tool for the studies of gene expression, cell lineage within the embryo and possibly the fate of stem cells in transplantation experiment, thus facilitating different analyses depending on the experimental purposes.
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Kim JS, Han SS, Park SS, McNeil N, Janz S. Plasma cell tumour progression in iMycEmu gene-insertion mice. J Pathol 2006; 209:44-55. [PMID: 16482495 DOI: 10.1002/path.1940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The authors have recently reported that gene-targeted iMyc(Emu) mice that carry a His(6)-tagged mouse Myc cDNA, Myc(His), just 5' of the immunoglobulin heavy-chain enhancer, Emu, are prone to 'spontaneous' neoplasms of the B-lymphocyte lineage. The present study has used histological, immunohistochemical, and molecular genetic methods to investigate a subset of these neoplasms referred to as extraosseous plasmacytomas (PCTs). It is shown that 20.8% (20/96) of tumour-bearing iMyc(Emu) mice on a mixed genetic background of segregating C57BL/6 and 129/SvJ alleles develop PCT by 500 days. The Myc(His)-induced PCTs produced monoclonal immunoglobulin and developed in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), particularly the mesenteric node and Peyer's patches. The PCTs overexpressed Myc(His), at the expense of normal Myc, and exhibited gene expression changes on cDNA macroarrays that were consistent with Myc(His)-driven neoplasia. Surprisingly, in one of three PCT-derived cell lines, Myc(His) was 'replaced' by a naturally occurring T(12;15) translocation, which changed the mode of Myc deregulation from gene insertion (Myc(His) transgene) to chromosomal translocation (juxtaposition of normal Myc to the immunoglobulin heavy-chain locus Igh). These findings provide evidence that recreation of the mouse PCT-associated T(12;15)(Igh(Emu)-Myc) translocation by gene insertion in mice results in the predictable development of PCTs in approximately one-fifth of the tumour-bearing mice. Myc(His)-driven PCTs recapitulate aspects of human plasma cell neoplasms, for which relatively few models exist in mice. For example, PCT development in the iMyc(Emu) mice may provide a good system to study the mechanism by which human MYC facilitates the progression of plasma cell myeloma (multiple myeloma) in humans.
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