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Katayama E, Okada H, Asakawa I, Tamamoto T, Kajitani C, Furuichi K, Okura A, Ide K, Iwasaki S, Hasegawa M. Validity of More Than 30 Gy Radiation Therapy for Long-surviving Patients with Painful Bone Metastases. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.07.1155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Hidaka M, Iwasaki S, Matsui T, Kawakita T, Inoue Y, Sakai T, Harada N, Takemoto S, Nagakura S, Kiyokawa T, Takahashi M, Saibara T, Onishi S, Kawano F. Efficacy of bezafibrate for chronic GVHD of the liver after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2009; 45:912-8. [PMID: 19802024 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2009.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Chronic GVHD (cGVHD) of the liver is an important cause of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT). It is characterized by the destruction of bile duct epithelium followed by progressive cholestasis, which resembles primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) clinically and histologically. Bezafibrate (BF) is a widely used agent for hyperlipidemia that is also effective in ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA)-resistant PBC patients. The putative mechanism in cholestasis is that BF upregulates the expression of phosphatidylcholine flippase on bile canaliculi, facilitates phospholipid output into bile and relieves bile duct damage caused by hydrophobic bile salts. Therefore, the effects of BF in patients with cGVHD of the liver were investigated. Of 87 patients with cGVHD who survived more than 100 days after SCT, 8 were given BF to treat liver cGVHD because of a poor therapeutic response to UDCA and immunosuppressants. The serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP) levels decreased significantly within 1 month after initiation of BF therapy compared with those before BF therapy in all patients (ALP, 964.9.0+/-306.9 to 597.8+/-102.5 IU/l, P=0.012; gamma-GTP, 528.8+/-299.0 to 269.0+/-119.9 IU/l, P=0.012). BF was effective in patients with liver cGVHD, including UDCA-resistant patients. BF could be a novel therapeutic option for liver cGVHD that helps to preserve normal immunity with the antileukemic effect of cGVHD.
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Nakanishi H, Ohtsubo M, Iwasaki S, Hotta Y, Mizuta K, Mineta H, Minoshima S. Identification of 11 novel mutations in USH2A among Japanese patients with Usher syndrome type 2. Clin Genet 2009; 76:383-91. [PMID: 19737284 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2009.01257.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Usher syndrome (USH) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by retinitis pigmentosa and hearing loss. USH type 2 (USH2) is the most common type of USH and is frequently caused by mutations in USH2A, which accounts for 74-90% of USH2 cases. This is the first study reporting the results of scanning for USH2A mutations in Japanese patients with USH2. In 8 of 10 unrelated patients, we identified 14 different mutations. Of these mutations, 11 were novel. Although the mutation spectrum that we identified differed from that for Caucasians, the incidence of mutations in USH2A was 80% for all patients tested, which is consistent with previous findings. Further, c.8559-2A>G was identified in four patients and accounted for 26.7% of mutated alleles; it is thus a frequent mutation in Japanese patients. Hence, mutation screening for c.8559-2A>G in USH2A may prove very effective for the early diagnosis of USH2.
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Curthoys IS, Burgess AM, MacDougall HG, McGarvie LA, Halmagyi GM, Smulders YE, Iwasaki S. Testing Human Otolith Function Using Bone-Conducted Vibration. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2009; 1164:344-6. [PMID: 19645924 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2008.03728.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Nishimaki S, Iwasaki S, Miyamae T, Mori M, Yokota S. Cerebral blood flow in a case of fetal brain death syndrome. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2008; 32:956-958. [PMID: 19035536 DOI: 10.1002/uog.6232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
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Iwasaki S, Smulders Y, Burgess A, McGarvie L, MacDougall H, Halmagyi G, Curthoys I. Ocular Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials in Response to Bone-Conducted Vibration of the Midline Forehead at Fz. Audiol Neurootol 2008; 13:396-404. [DOI: 10.1159/000148203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2007] [Accepted: 04/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Iwasaki S, Smulders YE, Burgess AM, McGarvie LA, Macdougall HG, Halmagyi GM, Curthoys IS. Ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials to bone conducted vibration of the midline forehead at Fz in healthy subjects. Clin Neurophysiol 2008; 119:2135-47. [PMID: 18639490 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2008.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2007] [Revised: 05/28/2008] [Accepted: 05/31/2008] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide the empirical basis for using ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (oVEMPS) in response to Fz bone conducted vibration (BCV) stimulation to indicate vestibular function in human subjects. To show the generality of the response by testing a large number of unselected healthy subjects across a wide age range and the repeatability of the response within subjects. To provide evidence that the response depends on otolithic function. METHODS The early negative component (n10) of the oVEMP to brief BCV of the forehead, in the midline at the hairline (Fz) is recorded by surface EMG electrodes just beneath the eyes. We used a Bruel and Kjaer 4810 Mini-Shaker or a light tap with a tendon hammer to provide adequate BCV stimuli to test a large number (67) of unselected healthy people to quantify the individual differences in n10 magnitude, latency and symmetry to Fz BCV. A Radioear B-71 bone oscillator at Fz is not adequate to elicit a reliable n10 response. RESULTS The n10 oVEMP response showed substantial differences in amplitude between subjects, but is repeatable within subjects. n10 is of equal magnitude in both eyes with an average asymmetry around 11%. The average n10 amplitude for Mini Tone Burst BCV is 8.47microV+/-4.02 (sd), the average latency is 10.35ms+/-0.63 (sd). The amplitude of n10 decreases and its latency increases with age. CONCLUSIONS oVEMPs are a new reliable, repeatable test to indicate vestibular and probably otolithic function. SIGNIFICANCE This study shows the optimum conditions for recording oVEMPs and provides baseline values for individual differences and asymmetry. oVEMPs can be measured in senior subjects without difficulty.
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Takamiya K, Imanaka T, Ota Y, Akamine M, Shibata S, Shibata T, Ito Y, Imamura M, Uwamino Y, Nogawa N, Baba M, Iwasaki S, Matsuyama S. Nickel-63 production in copper samples exposed to the Hiroshima atomic bomb: estimation based on an excitation function obtained by neutron irradiation experiments. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2008; 47:343-348. [PMID: 18496703 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-008-0173-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2007] [Accepted: 05/10/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The upper and lower limits of the excitation function of the (63)Cu(n,p)(63)Ni reaction were experimentally determined, and the number of (63)Ni nuclei produced in copper samples exposed to atomic bomb neutrons in Hiroshima was estimated by using the experimental excitation functions and the neutron fluences given in the DS02 dosimetry system. The estimated number of (63)Ni nuclei was compared with that measured and with that calculated using the DS02 dosimetry system and the corresponding ENDF/B-VI cross section. In comparison with DS02, there is about a 60% maximum difference in (63)Ni production at the hypocenter when the experimental upper cross section values are used. The difference becomes smaller at greater distances from the hypocenter and decreases, for example, to less than 30 and 5% when using the upper and lower experimental cross sections at 1,000 m, respectively.
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Takamiya K, Ota Y, Akamine M, Shibata S, Shibata T, Ito Y, Imamura M, Uwamino Y, Nogawa N, Baba M, Iwasaki S, Matsuyama S. Excitation function for 63Cu(n,p)63Ni reaction in neutron energy range up to 15 MeV. Appl Radiat Isot 2008; 66:1321-4. [PMID: 18467114 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2008.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2007] [Revised: 02/15/2008] [Accepted: 03/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The excitation function for the (63)Cu(n,p)(63)Ni reaction has been measured by activation method using the 4.5 MV Dynamitron accelerator of the Fast Neutron Laboratory of Tohoku University. Copper plates and hollow spherical copper shells were irradiated by neutrons of various energy up to 14.9 MeV produced by the T(p,n), D(d,n), and T(d,n) reactions. The (63)Ni produced in the irradiated copper target was chemically separated. The beta-rays emitted from the extracted (63)Ni were measured by a liquid scintillation method. The cross sections obtained were compared with the evaluated data files of JENDL-3.3, ENDF/B-VI and FENDL/A-2.0. Consequently, it is found that FENDL/A-2.0 is consistent with our experimental data in the energy range studied in this work. The effect of proton shell appeared in the excitation function obtained is also discussed.
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Taoka T, Sakamoto M, Nakagawa H, Nakase H, Iwasaki S, Takayama K, Taoka K, Hoshida T, Sakaki T, Kichikawa K. Diffusion tensor tractography of the Meyer loop in cases of temporal lobe resection for temporal lobe epilepsy: correlation between postsurgical visual field defect and anterior limit of Meyer loop on tractography. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2008; 29:1329-34. [PMID: 18451088 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a1101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Visual field defects sometimes occur after temporal resection surgery. Our purpose was to evaluate the correlation between visual field defects caused by temporal lobe resection and the degree of resection of the Meyer loop, as assessed by diffusion tensor tractography. MATERIALS AND METHODS We examined 14 patients who underwent temporal resection for temporal lobe epilepsy. We obtained presurgical tractographies and then measured the distance between the temporal tip and the anterior limit of the Meyer loop (T-M distance). The degree of resection of the Meyer loop was defined as the distance from the anterior limit of the Meyer loop to the posterior limit of the temporal lobe resection (M-R distance). This was calculated by subtracting the T-M distance from the measured distance between the temporal tip and the posterior limit of the resection (T-R distance). RESULTS The mean T-M distance was 36.6 mm. The interindividual variation of the distance ranged from 30.0 to 43.2 mm. Although there was no statistically significant correlation between the extent of the visual field defect and the T-R distance, there was a statistically significant correlation between the degree of the visual field defect and the M-R distance. CONCLUSION The range of interindividual variation for the position of the Meyer loop was rather large, indicating that this variation is the key factor in visual field defects after temporal lobectomy, and the visual field defect appears to be predicted by presurgical tractography. Evaluation of the Meyer loop through the use of tractography seems to be a feasible method, which can be used to predict the visual field defect after temporal lobe resection.
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Yokota H, Yokoyama K, Noguchi H, Uchiyama Y, Iwasaki S, Sakaki T. Thoracic Osteophyte Causing Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension. Cephalalgia 2008; 28:396-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2982.2008.01536.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Yamakage M, Iwasaki S, Satoh JI, Namiki A. Inhibitory effects of the alpha-2 adrenergic agonists clonidine and dexmedetomidine on enhanced airway tone in ovalbumin-sensitized guinea pigs. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2008; 25:67-71. [PMID: 17888193 DOI: 10.1017/s0265021507002591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The alpha-2 adrenergic agonists clonidine and dexmedetomidine are used as an antihypertensive and a sedative, respectively. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of these agonists on ovalbumin-sensitized airway tone in guinea pigs. METHODS The animals were divided into two groups: control and sensitized. The sensitized group received ovalbumin intraperitoneally and was boosted by exposure to aerosolized ovalbumin. The effects of the alpha-2 agonists were investigated by measuring (1) total lung resistance and (2) smooth muscle tension using a tracheal ring preparation. RESULTS In the control group, acetylcholine significantly increased total lung resistance in a dose-dependent manner. In the sensitized animals, total lung resistance was significantly higher (by 95%) at 6 mug kg-1 acetylcholine than that in the control group. Both clonidine and dexmedetomidine had a slight but significant inhibitory effect on the response curve of lung resistance at higher concentrations of carbachol, a potent muscarinic receptor agonist. Similar to the data obtained in the control group, both clonidine and dexmedetomidine significantly decreased total lung resistance and the inhibitory effects of these alpha-2 agonists on lung resistance were significantly distinguishable. Similar direct inhibitory effects of the alpha-2 agonists on carbachol-induced muscle contraction were observed in both the control and sensitized groups, the inhibitory effects in the sensitized group being significantly greater. CONCLUSION Both clonidine and dexmedetomidine can relax the airway even in the hyper-reactive state.
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Vömel H, Barnes JE, Forno RN, Fujiwara M, Hasebe F, Iwasaki S, Kivi R, Komala N, Kyrö E, Leblanc T, Morel B, Ogino SY, Read WG, Ryan SC, Saraspriya S, Selkirk H, Shiotani M, Valverde Canossa J, Whiteman DN. Validation of Aura Microwave Limb Sounder water vapor by balloon-borne Cryogenic Frost point Hygrometer measurements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd008698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Sakai H, Igawa T, Kanetake H, Hayashi M, Iwasaki S, Kusaba Y, Hakariya H, Hara T. POS-03.61: Impact of hot flashes on quality of life during treatment with maximum androgen blockade for prostate cancer. Urology 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2007.06.952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Taoka T, Ida Y, Nakagawa H, Iwasaki S, Sakamoto M, Fukusumi A, Takayama K, Wada T, Myochin K, Wuttikul C, Kichikawa K. Parasagittal Arachnoid Markings on the Inner Skull on Three-Dimensional CT: Relation between Hydrocephalus and Arachnoid Granules. Neuroradiol J 2007; 20:259-64. [DOI: 10.1177/197140090702000301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2007] [Accepted: 04/22/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the number and size of arachnoid markings on the inner plate of the skull on 3D-CT. The subjects included 16 hydrocephalus and 26 non-hydrocephalus cases. We evaluated the correlation between age and both the number and sizes of the arachnoid markings, and compared them between hydrocephalus and non-hydrocephalus cases. We also evaluated cases exhibiting a “smooth cranium” that had no arachnoid markings at all on the inner plate. There was a positive correlation between age and the number of the arachnoid markings. There were no statistically significant differences in arachnoid markings between hydrocephalus and non-hydrocephalus cases, while, there were statistically significant differences in the frequency of “smooth cranium” findings in the population under ten years old. The “smooth cranium” can only be seen in hydrocephalus cases. These findings may be a clue to the morphological or functional changes of the arachnoid villi in hydrocephalus cases.
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Iwasaki S, McGarvie LA, Halmagyi GM, Burgess AM, Kim J, Colebatch JG, Curthoys IS. Head taps evoke a crossed vestibulo-ocular reflex. Neurology 2007; 68:1227-9. [PMID: 17420408 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000259064.80564.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Taps to the forehead on the midline, at the hairline (Fz), with a reflex hammer or powerful bone conduction vibrator caused short-latency surface potentials from beneath both eyes in all healthy subjects. The earliest negative responses were invariably absent from the eye contralateral to the side of a previous vestibular nerve section but were preserved despite sensorineural hearing loss. These responses probably reflect vestibular function via crossed otolith-ocular pathways.
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Ishiguro H, Iwasaki S, Teasenfitz L, Higuchi S, Horiuchi Y, Saito T, Arinami T, Onaivi ES. Involvement of cannabinoid CB2 receptor in alcohol preference in mice and alcoholism in humans. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2006; 7:380-5. [PMID: 17189959 DOI: 10.1038/sj.tpj.6500431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We tested if cannabinoid type 2 receptor (CB2) in the central nervous system plays a role in alcohol abuse/dependence in animal model and then examined an association between the CB2 gene polymorphism and alcoholism in human. Mice experiencing more alcohol preference by drinking showed reduced Cb2 gene expression, whereas mice with little preference showed no changes of it in ventral midbrain. Alcohol preference in conjunction with chronic mild stress were enhanced in mice treated with CB2 agonist JWH015 when subjected to chronic stress, whereas antagonist AM630 prevented development of alcohol preference. There is an association between the Q63R polymorphism of the CB2 gene and alcoholism in a Japanese population (P=0.007; odds ratio 1.25, 95% CI, (1.06-1.47)). CB2 under such environment is associated with the physiologic effects of alcohol and CB2 antagonists may have potential as therapies for alcoholism.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Alcohol Drinking/genetics
- Alcohol Drinking/metabolism
- Alcoholism/genetics
- Alcoholism/metabolism
- Animals
- Asian People/genetics
- Behavior, Animal/drug effects
- Brain/drug effects
- Brain/metabolism
- Case-Control Studies
- Central Nervous System Depressants/administration & dosage
- Ethanol/administration & dosage
- Female
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Humans
- Indoles/pharmacology
- Japan
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Middle Aged
- Models, Animal
- Odds Ratio
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/drug effects
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/genetics
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/metabolism
- Reinforcement, Psychology
- Risk Assessment
- Risk Factors
- Stress, Psychological/genetics
- Stress, Psychological/metabolism
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Iwasaki S, Umetani S, Sasayama K, Matsui M. Solvent Extraction of Alkaline Earths with 1-Phenyl -3-Methyl 4 Stearoylpyrazol - 5 - One and Topo. ANAL LETT 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00032718208064430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Murofushi T, Iwasaki S, Ozeki H, Nakahar H, Ushio M, Chihara Y. P07.23 Tone burst-galvanic ratio of vestibular evoked myogenic potentials: An indicator of labyrinthine damages? Clin Neurophysiol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2006.06.292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Taoka T, Iwasaki S, Sakamoto M, Nakagawa H, Fukusumi A, Myochin K, Hirohashi S, Hoshida T, Kichikawa K. Diffusion anisotropy and diffusivity of white matter tracts within the temporal stem in Alzheimer disease: evaluation of the "tract of interest" by diffusion tensor tractography. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2006; 27:1040-5. [PMID: 16687540 PMCID: PMC7975725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Our aim was to determine whether diffusion anisotropy and diffusivity of white matter tracts of the temporal stem in patients with Alzheimer (AD) can be evaluated independently by using diffusion tensor tractography. MATERIALS AND METHODS Subjects included 15 patients with AD (11 women and 4 men; mean age, 74 years) and 15 age-matched control subjects (11 women and 4 men; mean age, 72 years). Diffusion tensor images were acquired by using echo-planar imaging. We drew tractographies of the uncinate fasciculus, inferior occipitofrontal fasciculus, and Meyer's loop, with diffusion tensor analysis software. We measured diffusion anisotropy, diffusivity, and the number of voxels along the "tracts of interest" and used the Student t test to compare results between patients with AD and controls. RESULTS Values of diffusion anisotropy of the bilateral uncinate fasciculus and left inferior occipitofrontal fasciculus were significantly lower for patients with AD than for controls. Also, values of diffusivity in the bilateral uncinate fasciculus were significantly greater for patients with AD than for controls. There was no significant difference in diffusion anisotropy or diffusivity along Meyer's loop between the 2 groups. There was no significant difference in the number of voxels included in all constructed tracts between patients with AD and controls. CONCLUSION White matter tracts of the temporal stem can be evaluated independently by using diffusion tensor tractography, which appears to be a promising technique for determining changes in white matter in degenerative diseases.
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Shiomi N, Yasuda T, Inoue Y, Kusumoto N, Iwasaki S, Katsuda T, Katoh S. Characteristics of neutralization of acids by newly isolated fungal cells. J Biosci Bioeng 2005; 97:54-8. [PMID: 16233589 DOI: 10.1016/s1389-1723(04)70165-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2003] [Accepted: 10/20/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Soil microorganisms play an important role in maintaining soil pH at levels suitable for other soil organisms. To clarify the biological neutralization mechanism in soil, we isolated soil microorganisms showing a high ability to neutralize acids and studied their characteristics. From our taxonomic study, three isolated strains were identified as filamentous fungi, namely Mucor sp., Aspergillus fumigatus, and Aureobasidium pullulans. These strains could secrete basic materials, such as ammonia, for neutralization, grow in the medium at pH 4.0 and increase the pH of the medium to approximately 8.0. These microbial cells could neutralize not only nitric acid but also sulfuric and hydrochloric acids. The strains could also grow by utilizing nitric acid as a sole nitrogen source. In the soil containing these organisms, the pH was maintained in the neutral range by the buffering action of basic materials that they secrete. These results suggest that these fungal cells are useful for protecting the soil from acidification by acid rain.
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Yamakage M, Iwasaki S, Jeong SW, Ishiyama SI, Namiki A. Comparative study between propofol in a long-chain triglyceride and propofol in a medium/long-chain triglyceride during sedation with target-controlled infusion. Anaesth Intensive Care 2005; 33:351-5. [PMID: 15973918 DOI: 10.1177/0310057x0503300301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study was performed to compare the pharmacological characteristics of propofol in an emulsion of both medium- and long-chain triglycerides (MCT/LCT) with those of propofol in an LCT emulsion, by measuring the sedative level and the plasma concentration of propofol during sedation using a target-controlled infusion (TCI) technique. Forty ASA 1 or 2 adult patients who required spinal anaesthesia for surgery were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into two groups: a propofol LCT group (n = 20) and a propofol MCT/LCT group (n = 20). Propofol was injected intravenously at target blood concentrations of 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 microg x ml(-1). The bispectral (BIS) index was recorded, and arterial blood was drawn to measure the actual plasma concentrations of propofol at each predicted concentration. Propofol was assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Propofol MCT/LCT was associated with significantly less pain than propofol LCT (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups in BIS index or in plasma concentration of propofol at each predicted concentration. Computer-generated TCI of propofol MCT/LCT during sedation is comparable with that of propofol LCT with respect to pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. The formulation of MCT/LCT has a beneficial effect with respect to less pain on injection.
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Yamakage M, Yoshida SI, Iwasaki S, Mizu-Uchi M, Namiki A. The Type of Carbon Dioxide Absorbent has no Relation to the Concentration of Carbon Monoxide in the Breathing Circuit during Low-flow Isoflurane Anaesthesia in Smoking and Non-smoking Subjects. Anaesth Intensive Care 2004; 32:230-5. [PMID: 15957721 DOI: 10.1177/0310057x0403200211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO) in the anaesthetic circuit and of arterial carboxyhaemoglobin (COHb) during low-flow isoflurane anaesthesia in smoking and non-smoking subjects using three kinds of cardon dioxide (CO2) absorbent. Thirty smoking and 30 non-smoking subjects were selected for this study, and these two groups were each divided into three groups according to the type of CO2absorbent used (Wakolime™A, Drägersorb™Free, and Amsorb™). Anaesthesia was maintained with 1.0% isoflurane and nitrous oxide (1.0l min–1)/oxygen (1.0l min–1). Concentrations of CO in the inspired breathing circuit and concentrations of arterial COHb were measured at 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours after exposure to isoflurane. In the smoking groups there were no significant differences in CO concentrations in the circuit between the groups and the CO concentrations did not change significantly during the study period. There were also no significant differences in the arterial COHb values between the groups and the COHb concentrations remained constant. There was a significant linear correlation between the concentrations of CO and COHb (r=0.86, n=30, P<0.001). In the nonsmoking groups all of the parameters remained constant at low levels that were independent of the type of CO2absorbents tested. The major source for increased intraoperative CO exposure is related to the patient's smoking status, and the type of CO2absorbent used has no relation to an increase in CO concentration in the breathing circuit.
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Takahama J, Ascher SM, Hirohashi S, Takewa M, Ito T, Iwasaki S, Kichikawa K. Borderline Brenner tumor of the ovary: MRI findings. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 29:528-30. [PMID: 15024513 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-003-0145-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian Brenner tumor is an uncommon epithelial tumor that accounts for 1.5% to 2.5% of all ovarian neoplasms. These tumors are usually benign. Whereas the magnetic resonance imaging features of benign Brenner tumors have been described, reports of malignant findings are limited. We report a case of borderline malignant Brenner tumor that imaged as a cystic lesion with papillary projections and solid elements.
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Leipälä JA, Iwasaki S, Milner A, Greenough A. Accuracy of the volume and pressure displays of high frequency oscillators. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2004; 89:F174-6. [PMID: 14977906 PMCID: PMC1756021 DOI: 10.1136/adc.2002.023937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of frequency on the accuracy of volume and pressure displays of high frequency oscillators. METHODS The effect of frequency on the displayed volume of the Stephanie, Dräger Babylog 8000 Plus, and SLE 5000 oscillators was assessed. A sine wave pump delivered a constant tidal volume at frequencies of 5-15 Hz to the patient manifold of the oscillators. The displayed volumes at each frequency were compared with the delivered volume. The effect of frequency on displayed pressure was assessed by connecting the oscillator's patient manifold to a lung model; three types of oscillator were studied (SensorMedics 3100A, SLE 5000, and Stephanie). Airway pressure was measured from the manifold using a pressure transducer and non-compliant tubing; the pressure measuring system had a flat frequency response to 30 Hz. RESULTS The SLE 5000 volume display overread the delivered volume (by about 5%), but was not affected by frequency. At 5 Hz, the Dräger Babylog 8000 Plus and the Stephanie underread the delivered volume (by about 20%). Increasing frequency resulted in a greater discrepancy between the delivered and displayed volume with the Stephanie, but a smaller discrepancy with the Dräger Babylog 8000 Plus. Altering frequency had a small effect (maximum difference 6%) on the relation between the displayed and delivered pressure for all three oscillators. CONCLUSION Frequency affects the accuracy of displayed volumes and, to a lesser extent, displayed pressures of high frequency oscillators. The results emphasise that data displayed by new devices should not be uncritically accepted.
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