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Abiramalatha T, Kumar M, Chandran S, Sudhakar Y, Thenmozhi M, Thomas N. Troponin-T as a biomarker in neonates with perinatal asphyxia. J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2018; 10:275-280. [PMID: 28854510 DOI: 10.3233/npm-16119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Troponin-T is a commonly used cardiac biomarker, which could be useful in perinatal asphyxia. We aimed to analyze troponin-T concentrations in asphyxiated neonates and to correlate the concentrations with clinical outcomes. METHODS Data were collected from electronic medical records of neonates diagnosed with perinatal asphyxia over a period of four years. RESULTS There were 63 neonates with moderate to severe encephalopathy, in whom serial troponin-T concentrations had been done on days 1, 3, and 7. 53 (84%) asphyxiated infants had troponin-T concentration >100 pg/ml at 2-4 h of life.The difference in troponin-T concentrations between moderate and severe encephalopathy was not statistically significant (173 vs. 263 pg/ml, p value 0.40). The difference in the concentrations at 72 hours between cooled and non-cooled neonates was not significant (48.5 vs. 62.5 pg/ml, p value 0.22). Troponin-T concentration was significantly higher in babies with hypotensive shock and hepatic injury, but not acute kidney injury. There was no significant correlation between troponin-T and the extent of resuscitation needed.Troponin-T concentration on day 1 of life was significantly higher in babies who died than who survived (407 vs. 168 pg/ml, p value 0.03). ROC curve for troponin-T to predict mortality had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.803; the best cut-off value (190 pg/ml) had 82% sensitivity and 80% specificity. CONCLUSION There was no significant difference in troponin-T concentrations between cooled and non-cooled neonates. Troponin-T concentration had a good predictive accuracy for mortality before discharge.
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Chandran S, Verleysen P, Lian J, Liu W, Münstermann S. Dynamic fracture of a dual phase automotive steel. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201818302047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamic testing of sheet metals has become more important due to the need for more reliable vehicle crashworthiness assessments in the automotive industry. The study presents a comprehensive set of experimental results that covers a wide range of stress states on a dual phase automotive sheet steel. Split Hopkinson bar tensile (SHBT) tests are performed on dogbone shaped samples to obtain the plastic hardening properties at high strain rates. A set of purpose designed sample geometries comprising of three notched dogbone tension samples is tested at high strain rates to characterise the dynamic damage and fracture properties under well controlled stress states. The geometry of the samples is optimised with the aid of finite element analysis. During the tests, high speed photography together with digital image correlation are implemented to acquire full field measurements and to gain more insight into the localisation of strains at high strain rates. An experimental-numerical approach is proposed to effectively determine the fracture characteristics of the dual phase steel under extreme conditions. A modified Bai-Wierzbicki model is implemented to assess the damage initiation and subsequent failure. Additionally, the fracture mechanisms are studied utilizing scanning electron microscopy.
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Carter P, Uppal H, Chandran S, Bainey K, Potluri R. 3106Patients with a diagnosis of hyperlipidaemia have a reduced risk of developing breast cancer and lower mortality rates: a large retrospective longitudinal cohort study from the UK ACALM registry. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx504.3106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Carter P, Uppal H, Chandran S, Potluri R. P4431Marriage is associated with lower mortality rates in patients with acute coronary syndromes and modifiable cardiovascular risk factors. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx504.p4431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Khawar H, Carter P, Gollop N, Uppal H, Chandran S, Potluri R. P1477Impact of cardiovascular risk factors and disease on length of stay and mortality in patients with heart failure. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx502.p1477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Chandran S, Watkins J, Abdul-Aziz A, Calvert P, Bowles K, Flather M, Rushworth S, Ryding A. P1779Differential cytokine expression between the coronary and peripheral circulation in patients with ruptured and intact fibrous caps presenting with ST segment myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx502.p1779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Rowbotham N, Smith S, McPhee M, Elliott Z, Rayner O, Leighton P, Daniels T, Collins S, Duff A, Nash E, Tabberner M, Chandran S, Peaple U, Morley R, Smyth A. EPS1.9 Question CF: a James Lind Alliance Priority Setting Partnership in cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(17)30282-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Raval RD, Sharma P, Chandran S, Vasavada D, Nadig P, Bakutra G. To Evaluate and Compare Periodontal Disease and Smoking as a Parallel Risk Factor for Systemic Health by Gauging the Serum C-Reactive Protein Levels. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:ZC79-ZC82. [PMID: 28511516 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/22778.9599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Physiologic and metabolic changes that occur immediately after a damage or disease are known as Acute Phase Reaction (APR). Acute Phase Proteins (APP) are blood proteins secreted by hepatocytes during APR C-Reactive Protein (CRP) being the important one. AIM Present study was designed to estimate and compare the levels of the serum CRP in current smokers, former smokers and non-smokers, with and without periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS An experimental study was planned on 165 subjects who were divided into four groups. Group 1- nonsmokers with periodontitis. Group 2- smokers without periodontitis. Group 3- smokers with periodontitis. Group 4- former smokers without periodontitis. Healthy controls were not included in the study as the normal range of CRP in health is already established. Periodontal examination was done and serum CRP was measured. After getting the acceptance to be a part of the study, written informed consent was taken from each participant. Data analysis was done by ANOVA and post-hoc tests. RESULTS Highest level of CRP was found in smokers with periodontitis followed by non-smokers with periodontitis and smokers without periodontitis. Former smokers had minimum CRP compared to the other groups (p-value=0.03). CONCLUSION Periodontitis alone and in combination with smoking increases the systemic inflammatory burden and associated cardiovascular risk. This fact should be communicated thoroughly to the general population, general dentist, physicians and cardiovascular specialist to enhance early screening and multidisciplinary treatment.
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Agrawal I, Chandran S, Nadig P. Comparative Evaluation of the Efficacy of Platelet-rich Fibrin and Calcium Phosphosilicate Putty alone and in Combination in the Treatment of Intrabony Defects: A Randomized Clinical and Radiographic Study. Contemp Clin Dent 2017; 8:205-210. [PMID: 28839404 PMCID: PMC5551323 DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_1147_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Combination of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and bone substitutes for the treatment of intrabony pockets is based on sound biologic rationale. The present study aimed to explore the clinical and radiographic effectiveness of autologous PRF and calcium phosphosilicate (CPS) putty alone and in combination in treatment of intrabony defects. Materials and Methods: A total of 45 intrabony defects were selected and randomly divided into three groups. In Group I, mucoperiosteal flap elevation followed by placement of PRF was done. In Group II, mucoperiosteal flap elevation followed by placement of CPS putty was done. In Group III, mucoperiosteal flap elevation followed by placement of PRF and CPS putty was done. Clinical parameters such as gingival index (GI), pocket depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival marginal position and radiographic parameters such as bone fill, changes in crestal bone level, and defect depth resolution were recorded at baseline and after 6 months postoperatively. Results: Statistically significant changes in GI, PD reduction, CAL gain, defect fill, and defect depth resolution from baseline to 6 months were seen in all the three groups (P < 0.05). On intergroup comparison, no statistically significant changes were seen in all clinical parameters. However, the difference in defect fill and defect depth resolution between the Groups I and III and Group II and III was significant. Conclusion: Within limitations of study, combination of PRF and CPS putty showed a significant improvement in PD reduction, CAL gain, and bone fill.
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Mollereau B, Rzechorzek NM, Roussel BD, Sedru M, Van den Brink DM, Bailly-Maitre B, Palladino F, Medinas DB, Domingos PM, Hunot S, Chandran S, Birman S, Baron T, Vivien D, Duarte CB, Ryoo HD, Steller H, Urano F, Chevet E, Kroemer G, Ciechanover A, Calabrese EJ, Kaufman RJ, Hetz C. Adaptive preconditioning in neurological diseases - therapeutic insights from proteostatic perturbations. Brain Res 2016; 1648:603-616. [PMID: 26923166 PMCID: PMC5010532 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In neurological disorders, both acute and chronic neural stress can disrupt cellular proteostasis, resulting in the generation of pathological protein. However in most cases, neurons adapt to these proteostatic perturbations by activating a range of cellular protective and repair responses, thus maintaining cell function. These interconnected adaptive mechanisms comprise a 'proteostasis network' and include the unfolded protein response, the ubiquitin proteasome system and autophagy. Interestingly, several recent studies have shown that these adaptive responses can be stimulated by preconditioning treatments, which confer resistance to a subsequent toxic challenge - the phenomenon known as hormesis. In this review we discuss the impact of adaptive stress responses stimulated in diverse human neuropathologies including Parkinson׳s disease, Wolfram syndrome, brain ischemia, and brain cancer. Further, we examine how these responses and the molecular pathways they recruit might be exploited for therapeutic gain. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI:ER stress.
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Lazzarini E, Carter PR, De Boer M, Balbi C, Altieri P, Pfeffer U, Gambini E, Varesio L, Bosco MC, Coviello D, Pompilio G, Brunelli C, Cancedda R, Ameri P, Bollini S, Mcgowan J, Uppal H, Chandran S, Sarma J, Potluri R, Octavia Y, De Kleijnen MGJ, Van Thiel BS, Ridwan Y, Te Lintel Hekkert M, Van Der Pluijm I, Essers J, Hoeijmakers JH, Duncker DJ. Mechanisms of Cancer-related Cardiomyopathy67Protection against chemotherapy cardiotoxicity by the human amniotic fluid stem cell secretome: a new tool for future paracrine therapy68Hyperlipidaemia reduces mortality in breast, prostate, lung and bowel cancer69DNA-repair in cardiomyocytes is critical for maintaining cardiac function. Cardiovasc Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvw130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Rasoul D, Ziaei F, Shan SKA, Khan J, Bhayani R, Shakir S, Uppal H, Chandran S, Sarma J, Potluri R. 11 The Decennial Relationship between Heart Failure and Atrial Fibrillation – A Large Population Study. Heart 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2016-309890.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Chandran S, Kortan P. Gastrointestinal: Reptilian skin-like appearance of the colon. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2016; 31:1069. [PMID: 26758346 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.13292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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Rasoul D, Wong S, Chandran S, Uppal H, Potluri R. PS216 Psychiatric Co-Morbidities and Tendencies in Patients with Non-Ischaemic Heart Failure (NIHF) – A Large Observational Cohort Study Spanning 14 Years. Glob Heart 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gheart.2016.03.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Jlassi K, Chandran S, Poothanari MA, Benna-Zayani M, Thomas S, Chehimi MM. Clay/Polyaniline Hybrid through Diazonium Chemistry: Conductive Nanofiller with Unusual Effects on Interfacial Properties of Epoxy Nanocomposites. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:3514-24. [PMID: 26963747 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b04457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The concept of conductive network structure in thermoset matrix without sacrificing the inherent mechanical properties of thermoset polymer (e.g., epoxy) is investigated here using "hairy" bentonite fillers. The latter were prepared through the in situ polymerization of aniline in the presence of 4-diphenylamine diazonium (DPA)-modified bentonite (B-DPA) resulting in a highly exfoliated bentonite-DPA/polyaniline (B-DPA/PANI). The nanocomposite filler was mixed with diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA), and the curing agent (4,4'-diaminodiphenylsulfone) (DDS) at high temperature in order to obtain nanocomposites through the conventional melt mixing technique. The role of B-DPA in the modification of the interface between epoxy and B-DPA/polyaniline (B-DPA/PANI) is investigated and compared with the filler B/PANI prepared without any diazonium modification of the bentonite. Synergistic improvement in dielectric properties and mechanical properties points to the fact that the DPA aryl groups from the diazonium precursor significantly modify the interface by acting as an efficient stress transfer medium. In DPA-containing nanocomposites, unique fibril formation was observed on the fracture surface. Moreover, dramatic improvement (210-220%) in fracture toughness of epoxy composite was obtained with B-DPA/PANI filler as compared to the weak improvement of 20-30% noted in the case of the B/PANI filler. This work shows that the DPA diazonium salt has an important effect on the improvement of the interfacial properties and adhesion of DGEBA and clay/PANI nanofillers.
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Morgan TA, Chandran S, Burger IM, Zhang CA, Goldstein RB. Complications of Ultrasound-Guided Renal Transplant Biopsies. Am J Transplant 2016; 16:1298-305. [PMID: 26601796 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Renal transplant biopsies to diagnose transplant pathology are routinely performed using ultrasound guidance. Few large studies have assessed the rate and risk factors of major biopsy complications. This study is a single-center 5-year retrospective cohort analysis of 2514 biopsies. Major complications occurred in 47 of 2514 patients (1.9%) and included hospitalization, transfusion of blood products, operative exploration and interventional radiology procedures. The complication rate among "cause" biopsies was significantly higher than in "protocol" biopsies (2.7% vs. 0.33%, p < 0.001). Complications presented on postbiopsy days 0-14, with the majority diagnosed on the same day as the biopsy and manifested by hematocrit drop, although the presence of such delayed presentation of complications occurring >24 h after the biopsy on days 2-14 is previously unreported. Specific patient characteristics associated with increased risk of a complication were increased age and blood urea nitrogen, decreased platelet count, history of prior renal transplant, deceased donor transplant type and use of anticoagulant medications but not aspirin.
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Chandran S. Molecular characterization of escherichia coli isolated from hospital acquired infections from two different geographical areas, Ujjain and Bangalore. Int J Infect Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Chandran S, Parker F, Lontos S, Vaughan R, Efthymiou M. Can we ease the financial burden of colonoscopy? Using real-time endoscopic assessment of polyp histology to predict surveillance intervals. Intern Med J 2015; 45:1293-9. [DOI: 10.1111/imj.12917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Jlassi K, Chandran S, Mičušik M, Benna-Zayani M, Yagci Y, Thomas S, Chehimi MM. Poly(glycidyl methacrylate)-grafted clay nanofiller for highly transparent and mechanically robust epoxy composites. Eur Polym J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Uppal H, Chandran S, Potluri R. Risk factors for mortality in Down syndrome. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2015; 59:873-881. [PMID: 25851193 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Down syndrome is a genetic condition that contributes to a significantly shorter life expectancy compared with the general population. We investigated the most common comorbidities in a population of acute hospital patients with Down syndrome and further explored what the most common risk factors for mortality are within this population. METHOD From our database of one million patients admitted to National Health Service (NHS) Trusts in northern England, we identified 558 people who had Down syndrome. We compared this group with an age- and gender-matched control group of 5580 people. RESULTS The most prevalent comorbid diseases within the Down's population were hypothyroidism (22.9%) and epilepsy (20.3%). However, the conditions that had the highest relative risks (RRs) in the Down's population were septal defects and dementia. Respiratory failure, dementia and pneumonia were the most significantly related comorbidities to mortality in the Down syndrome population. In the control population, respiratory failure, dementia and renal failure were the most significant disease contributors. When these contributors were analysed using multivariate analysis, heart failure, respiratory failure, pneumonia and epilepsy were the identified risk factors for in-hospital mortality in the Down syndrome population. Respiratory failure was the sole risk factor for mortality in the Down syndrome population [RR = 9.791 (1.6-59.9) P ≤ 0.05], when compared with the risk factors for mortality in the control population. CONCLUSIONS There is significant medical morbidity in Down syndrome. This morbidity contributes to the lower life expectancy. Respiratory failure is a risk factor for mortality in Down syndrome. We need to thoroughly investigate people with Down syndrome to ensure any treatable illnesses are well managed.
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Kapoor S, Bansal P, Chandran S, Agrawal V. Surgical Management of a Non-healing Intra-alveolar Root Fracture Associated with Pulpal Calcification and Root Resorption: A Case Report. J Clin Diagn Res 2015; 9:ZD03-5. [PMID: 26266223 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2015/12829.6046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Radicular fractures are very challenging to address due to various complications like periodontal communication, increased mobility, and continued pulpal infection leading to necrosis and its long term sequelae like root resorption and pulp canal obliteration. This paper present a case of a long standing horizontal mid root fracture with root resorption and pulp canal obliteration, which was preserved functionally and aesthetically by surgical approach using MTA (mineral trioxide aggregate) and PRF (platelet rich fibrin).
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Webb D, Balmforth C, Ruiys T, Dhaun N, Cameron J, Borooah S, Dhillon B, Chandran S. Clinical Utility Of Optical Coherence Tomography (Oct) In High Cardiovascular Risk Patients. Clin Ther 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2015.05.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Gamal W, Borooah S, Smith S, Underwood I, Srsen V, Chandran S, Bagnaninchi PO, Dhillon B. Real-time quantitative monitoring of hiPSC-based model of macular degeneration on Electric Cell-substrate Impedance Sensing microelectrodes. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 71:445-455. [PMID: 25950942 PMCID: PMC4456427 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.04.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in the developed world. Humanized disease models are required to develop new therapies for currently incurable forms of AMD. In this work, a tissue-on-a-chip approach was developed through combining human induced pluripotent stem cells, Electric Cell–substrate Impedance Sensing (ECIS) and reproducible electrical wounding assays to model and quantitatively study AMD. Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE) cells generated from a patient with an inherited macular degeneration and from an unaffected sibling were used to test the model platform on which a reproducible electrical wounding assay was conducted to model RPE damage. First, a robust and reproducible real-time quantitative monitoring over a 25-day period demonstrated the establishment and maturation of RPE layers on the microelectrode arrays. A spatially controlled RPE layer damage that mimicked cell loss in AMD disease was then initiated. Post recovery, significant differences (P<0.01) in migration rates were found between case (8.6±0.46 μm/h) and control cell lines (10.69±0.21 μm/h). Quantitative data analysis suggested this was achieved due to lower cell–substrate adhesion in the control cell line. The ECIS cell–substrate adhesion parameter (α) was found to be 7.8±0.28 Ω1/2 cm for the case cell line and 6.5±0.15 Ω1/2 cm for the control. These findings were confirmed using cell adhesion biochemical assays. The developed disease model-on-a-chip is a powerful platform for translational studies with considerable potential to investigate novel therapies by enabling real-time, quantitative and reproducible patient-specific RPE cell repair studies. hiPSC-RPE model was established and characterised on ECIS microelectrode arrays. A reproducible electrical wound healing assay was used to mimic RPE cell damage. Significant differences in migration rates were found between case and control. Cells recovered through mesenchymal migration mirrored by impedance fluctuations. Case cell line showed significantly higher adhesion than the control cell line.
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Barot VJ, Vishnoi SL, Chandran S, Bakutra GV. Laser: The torch of freedom for ankyloglossia. Indian J Plast Surg 2015; 47:418-22. [PMID: 25593432 PMCID: PMC4292124 DOI: 10.4103/0970-0358.146630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The tongue is an important oral structure that affects speech, position of teeth, periodontal tissues, nutrition, swallowing, nursing, and certain social activities. Ankyloglossia or tongue-tie, is a congenital anomaly characterized by an abnormally short lingual frenulum, which restricts mobility of the tongue. Though the ankyloglossia is not a serious condition, it may lead to a host of problems including infant feeding difficulties, speech disorders, and various mechanical and social issues related to the inability of the tongue to protrude. Hence, management of ankyloglossia should be considered at any age considering the risk-benefit evaluation. Tongue being highly vascular and mobile structure, laser-assisted lingual frenectomy is the simplest, safest and less traumatic of all the treatment modalities available, with most promising results in minimally invasive dentistry. Here, a case of ankyloglossia is reported with its management by diode laser.
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Chandran N, Chandran S, Maria HJ, Thomas S. Compatibilizing action and localization of clay in a polypropylene/natural rubber (PP/NR) blend. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra14352g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The compatibilizing action of clay in polypropylene (PP)/natural rubber (NR) blends and its effect on mechanical properties have been investigated.
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